International Journal of Science and Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Optimation Budgeting DistributionModel for Maintaining Irrigation Scheme","authors":"Sutarto Edhisono, I. K. Hadihardaja, S. Suripin","doi":"10.12777/IJSE.10.1.35-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12777/IJSE.10.1.35-44","url":null,"abstract":"Utilization of palm oil  by-product such as palm fronds, leaves, empty fruit bunches (EFB), fiber fruit juice (FFJ), palm to maintenance of irrigation structures are the activities carried out routinely in irrigation areas in order to obtain optimum performance. Required costs of maintenance is provided by government based on the commanding area of irrigation area without taking into account the characteristics of each irrigation area. On the other hand the fund which is provided by the government for the purpose of maintenance of irrigation assets amounting to 40 % of the required, so that necessary special tips is needed to take optimum result of the limited funds to choose which priority irrigation structures. While this selection irrigation structures are maintained/repaired just based on policy of decision makers only. The purpose of this research was to develop an optimization model for distribution of irrigation maintenance cost allocation for the irrigation areas and  make selection to priority irrigation structures for maintenance in order to get optimum results. Location of the research is the  Pondok Irrigation Area (IA) which located in East Java province. This irrigation area  is part of the region Central River Region Solo. Pondok IA. consist of 4 irrigation areas, namely: Dero IA., Sambiroto IA., Padas IA. And Plesungan IA. The study was conducted in two stages : Stage 1 with the aim of allocating the cost of maintenance for each irrigation area in Pondok  IA., which are Dero IA., Sambiroto IA., Padas IA. And Plesungan IA. Stage 2 with the aim of making choice for the priority irrigation structures are maintained/repaired on Dero IA.,  Sambiroto IA., Padas IA. And Plesungan IA. The method used is multi criteria analysis by Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with using a soft ware expert choice 2000. To complete Stage 1used multiple criteria analysis of three levels, with the top level is Pondok IA., then the second level is below, named  criterias which consists of four criterias, namely: Level of Urgency, Productivity, Commanding Area and Cost with in ratio of 4: 3: 2: 1. The lowest level  is named alternatives which consisted of four irrigation areas, namely Dero IA., Sambiroto IA., Padas IA., and Plesungan IA. The data used in this research is PAI Solo data in 2011. Stage 2 of this study is selection priority structures in each irrigation area for maintenance / repair. In this analisis is used multi-criteria analysis  also, where as the top level is the name of each irrigation area. As  criteria there are three criterias, namely: Productivity, Service area, Cost of structure with the weight of each: 3: 2: 1. As the lower level is alternative, which here are the name of the proposed structures. The proposed structures and their specifications are taken from PAI Bengawan Solo data in 2011. The structures which analysed are the structures which in very urgent and urgent condition only. The result is a list of priority irrigation st","PeriodicalId":14209,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"35-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66720605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Implementation of a Grid-tied Circuit for Micro Turbine Generator","authors":"F. Pai, Chih-Cheng Hsu","doi":"10.6159/IJSE.2015.(5-4).02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6159/IJSE.2015.(5-4).02","url":null,"abstract":"The MTG is one of distributed generations. The capacity ranges from several kW up to MW, which can be suitably installed at an industrial plant. The MTG is composed of a gas turbine, compressor, and A Cgenerator. They are inertia welded on a single shaft to simplify the mechanical structure of the system. Because the shaft turns at the speed of the turbine, the generator provides high frequency A C electricity. This requires a rectifier and an inverter to interface between the A C generator and the utility network. In this paper, based on the paradigm of current control, a new approach to control the power converter for an MTG will be proposed. By using the developed method, the micro-turbines can be driven as a parallel generator, where the operations of the proposed generator not only can be used to output the sinusoidal current with high power factor, but also is applied for active power filter, helping mitigating the power quality issues caused by the wide uses of nonlinear loads in the demand side. The method proposed in this paper is examined under various scenarios. Test results are not only beneficial for the design of micro-turbines, but also help increase the security and reliability of a future deregulation power system.","PeriodicalId":14209,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":"7-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71316060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Driver Doze Detection System Based on Head-Rotation Judgments","authors":"Jiann-Shu Lee, Sih-Cian Peng, Yu-Tang Liao","doi":"10.6159/IJSE.2015.(5-4).04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6159/IJSE.2015.(5-4).04","url":null,"abstract":"Long time to drive a car is likely to cause physical fatigue and results in accident. Hence, we want to develop a system that can alert the driver when he is dozing to reduce accidents. This study presents a new driver doze detection scheme by judging if the driver’s head rotates. Hence, our system can successfully operate even the driver wear sunglasses. When the system finds the driver keep no head rotation for a predefined period it will alert the driver.","PeriodicalId":14209,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":"23-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71316084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The heat transfer phenomena of supercritical CO_2 porous flow based on the Darcy model","authors":"D. T. Lin, J. Hsieh, C. Wei","doi":"10.6159/IJSE.2015.(5-4).01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6159/IJSE.2015.(5-4).01","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to obtain the heat transfer phenomena of the supercritical CO_2 in the porous medium. In this study, the transient heat transfer model conjugated with the model of Darcy's law employed by the finite element package is used to obtain the dynamic and thermal behavior in the porous medium. The validated results for the heat extraction are obtained from the comparison between the simulated results and previous study. The sensitivity parameter study under the various inlet velocities and porosities of the porous medium are discussed. The results show that the inlet velocity is the most important effect for the heat extraction. In addition, it proves that the operating conditions are important in the supercritical flow for the different tendency of the temperature difference and heat extraction. The reason is that the specific heat of the CO_2 supercritical characteristics. The heat extraction will increase as the velocity increases and the porosity decreases. The supercritical porous flow will apply on the enhanced geothermal system and high efficient waste heat recycle system.","PeriodicalId":14209,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71316048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A PHY-MAC Cross-Layer Approach for Sleep Scheduling in LTE/LTE-A Uplink","authors":"Jen-Jee Chen, Shuanghua Yang, I. Wang, S. C. Li, Chien-Kai Liu","doi":"10.6159/IJSE.2015.(5-4).03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6159/IJSE.2015.(5-4).03","url":null,"abstract":"To support mobility, wireless mobile devices are powered by batteries; however, a battery can only store a limited amount of energy. Take a 3G handheld device for example, according to the real test, the wireless interface consumes the largest proportion of the total amount of power (up to 40%). In particular, the 4G wireless communications adopt OFDMA and MIMO as the wireless access technology, where the former improves the bandwidth efficiency and the latter enhances throughput. In this case, the wireless interface in a mobile device will consume much more power than that for 3G devices. To save power, we have designed a PHY-MAC cross-layer sleep scheduling method which considers power saving, energy efficiency, and QoS at the same time over the 4G LTE/LTE-A wireless networks. Several papers have been published or submitted and three master theses have been accomplished. In this paper, we discuss a cross-layer design of sleep scheduling in 3GPP LTE/LTE-A wireless networks. The design jointly considers the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer multi-user sleep scheduling (via the settings of DRX/DTX parameters) and the physical layer power and radio resource allocations. The new approach enables UEs to gain longer battery life time and better utility of radio resource while guarantee the delay, packet drop rate, and maximum transmit power constraints. The design is validated through comparisons with simulation results and we find significant improvement on power saving.","PeriodicalId":14209,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":"15-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71316073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONGESTION AS A RESULT OF SCHOOL AND SHOPPING CENTER ACTIVITY","authors":"Meike Kumaat, A. Mulyono, A. Sjafruddin, B. H. Setiadji","doi":"10.12777/IJSE.9.2.106-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12777/IJSE.9.2.106-112","url":null,"abstract":"Development of land use in public facilities such as shopping center and school gives an impact on transportation problem in Manado City, North Sulawesi.  To determine factors which have causal relationship with congestion  as a result of school and shopping center activity then it need to be assessed and studied.  Descriptive study with observational survey was used in this study. The study ran Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) by using AMOS program. Estimated method was used to calculate sample size then found 300 repondents, comprised : visitors and mall managers, school visitors, parents, school managers, Public Works department, and u rban p lanning department .The study yielded a statistically significant correlation between  school and shopping center activity with congestion s. The result  indicated that school activity was positively related to congestion with p value  at p=0,000 (p ≤ 0,05). Shopping center activity was positively related to congestion with p value  at p=0,000 (p ≤ 0,05). The closer proximity from school to shooping center will causes severe traffic congestion. The relationship between school facility with proximity was found in p value at  p=0,000 (p ≤ 0,05) . The relationship between shopping center facility with proximity was found in p value at  p= 0,020 (p ≤ 0,05) . While, the relationship between proximity with congestion was p= 0,008 (p ≤ 0,05). Monastery school and Mega Mall activity were affecting congestion because a closer proximity of two facilities. This indicates that the occurence of traffic congestion in M onastery S chool  may be dependent on existence of  Piere Tendean road link","PeriodicalId":14209,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"9 1","pages":"106-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66731616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IDENTIFICATION OF Staphylococcus sp. STRAINS ISOLATED FROM POSITIVE WIDAL BLOOD BASED ON 16S rRNA GENE SEQUENCES","authors":"S. Darmawati","doi":"10.12777/IJSE.9.2.97-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12777/IJSE.9.2.97-100","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to identify 8 strains of Staphylococcus genus members isolated from positive Widal blood (4 strains of Staphylococcus saprophyticus , 1 strain of Staphylococcus warneri , 2 strains of Staphylococcus hominis , 1 strain of Staphylococcus xylosus and 1 strain of Staphylococcus capitis ) based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. The methods used in this study are conducting PCR of 16S rRNA gene, cloning genes using T-Vector pMD20 which is transformed to E. coli DH5α, sequencing. The results show that four strains (BA 47.4, BA 19.2, KD 29.5 and TG 09.1) are identified as Stap. Saprophyticus strains of Stap. saprophyticus members of ATCC 15305 T (99.01-100% similarity). The strain of TG 01.3 is identified as Stap. Warneri strain of TG 01.3 of Stap. Warneri members of ATCC 27836 T (99.74-99.93% similarity), 2strains (KT 29.2 and KD 35.1) are identified as of Stap. hominis members of DSM 20328 T (99.4-99.67% similarity). The strain of KT 30.5 is not identified","PeriodicalId":14209,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"9 1","pages":"97-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66731782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrient Potency of Rice Straw Processed with Amofer as Cattle Feed Stuff in East Kalimantan","authors":"H. Mayulu, S. Suhardi","doi":"10.12777/IJSE.9.2.101-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12777/IJSE.9.2.101-105","url":null,"abstract":"Forage demand can be supplied from rice straw which processed with certain feed technology innovation. Some advantages can be derived under this technology i.e. increasing nutrient content, optimizing the utilization, improving the efficiency and reducing production cost by minimizing feed cost. Ammoniation fermentation (amofer) as an applied technology could give solution over the limitation of rice straw availability. The objective of this research was to determine the potency of rice straw processed with amofer (amofer-rice straw) as raw material to formulate complete feed. The experiment was carried out with randomized block design with three treatments and six replications. Amofer treatment was carried out by adding urea 3% from the total material and then placed into plastic jar + 12 liter and then incubated under an-aerobic process for 18 days. Fermentation material i.e. biology starter by 1% of total material was added at the ninth day. Dry Matter (DM) content resulted from each treatments was 87,28%, 85,96% and 84,61% for T 1 , T 2 and T 3 , respectively. Crude Protein (CP) content was T 1 =24,48%, T 2 =21,04%; and T 3 =24,46%, Crude Fiber (CF) content was T 1 =31,30%; T 2 =31,30%; and T 3 =31,39%. Total Digestible Nutrient (TDN) for version 1 was  T 1 =57,29; T 2 =56,19; and T 3 =56,89 and version 2 was T 1 =53,11%; T 2 =52,28%; and T 3 =51,10%. The average value of Non Nitrogen Free Extract (NNFE) was T 1 =23,49%; T 2 =28,08%; and T 3 =26,57%. The utilization of amofer as applicable technology is considered as the most appropriate method to increase the quality of rice straw by significantly increase nutrient content in term of crude protein (CP) and reduce crude fiber (CF) content. This increasing quality can be seen from the result of proximate analysis, NNFE and TDN content","PeriodicalId":14209,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"9 1","pages":"101-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66731563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Application of Integrated Multi Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) Using Stratified Double Net Rounded Cage (SDFNC) for Aquaculture Sustainability","authors":"S. Putro, W. Widowati, S. Suhartana, F. Muhammad","doi":"10.12777/IJSE.9.2.85-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12777/IJSE.9.2.85-89","url":null,"abstract":"The increase of fishery production nationally and internationally may impact on the potential emergence of a variety of environmental problems. The application of sustainable aquaculture is urgently needed by breeding fish for commercial purposes in a manner such that it has a minimum impact on the environment, contributing to the development of local communities and generating economic benefits. The design of the cage and farming practice in aquaculture activities are the important steps to ensure that farming activity is still observed in order to anticipate the risk of organic enrichment caused by the activities. The application of Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture  (IMTA) on the Stratified Double Floating Net Cage  (SDFNC) integrated with biomonitoring are an appropriate solution to the ongoing productive farming practices. IMTA is an aquaculture practice using more than one species of biotas which have ecologically mutual relationship as a part of the food chain in the area at the same time. The application of IMTA allows farmers to get several aquaculture products in the same area without increasing the horizontal area of the farms. At first, the SDFNC has been applied for farming Cyprinus carpio and Tilapia niloticus as polyculture system in freshwater ecosystem of Rawapening Lake, Central Java. Its operation has been able to increase the production capacity of at least 75% of conventional cages. The application of SDFNC-IMTA using milkfish (Chanos Chanos), seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii), and white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) has been able to minimize the impact and maintain the water ecosystem in the Gulf Awerange, South Sulawesi.","PeriodicalId":14209,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"9 1","pages":"85-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66731681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gas Chromatographic Method: Tool for Rapid and Sensitive Analysis of Residual Solvents in Amoxicillin and Ampicillin Tablets","authors":"S. Haque, S. Hossain, P. Shanker","doi":"10.12777/IJSE.9.2.90-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12777/IJSE.9.2.90-96","url":null,"abstract":"A simple and sensitive static head space gas chromatographic (SH-GC) method equipped with FID has been developed and validated for simultaneous determination of residual solvents e.g.,  methanol, dichloromethane and toluene in two therapeutic drugs such as amoxicillin  and ampicillin. The separation was achieved with 30 m long Elite - 5 fused silica capillary column and 0.32 mm inner diameter. The developed SH-GC method offered symmetric peak shape, good resolution and reasonable retention time for all the solvents. Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration ranges 100 – 1200, 50 – 1000 and 50 – 500 ppm for methanol, dichloromethane and toluene, respectively. The method was validated according to international conference on harmonization (ICH) guidelines in terms of specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, robustness and solution stability. The degrees of linearity of the calibration curves, the percent recoveries, relative standard deviation for the method were also determined. All the validation parameters were within the acceptable range. The developed SH-GC method could, therefore, be suitable for simple and rapid detection of trace levels residual solvents in other pharmaceutical products and thereby it could be used for routine analysis in any analytical laboratory.","PeriodicalId":14209,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Science and Engineering","volume":"9 1","pages":"90-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66731707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}