International Journal of Integrated Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Scheduling of Multiple Energy Consumption in The Smart Buildings with Peak Demand Management","authors":"Harikumar Pallathadka, Sarmad Jaafar Naser, Shavan Askar, Essam Q. AL. Husseini, Barno Sayfutdinovna Abdullaeva, Noor Hanoon Haroon","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.027","url":null,"abstract":"The global energy crisis and the depletion of fossil fuels have become pressing concerns, leading experts to search for alternative solutions. This paper presents an analysis of the day-ahead operation of the multi-carrier energy system (MCES) with the aim of minimizing operational costs, reducing pollution emissions, and maximizing consumers' comfort. The authors propose an optimal scheduling strategy called energy demand curtailment (EDCS), which aims at efficiently managing electrical energy consumption. Additionally, they consider an on-site generation strategy (OGS) for consumers to operate their own energy storages. Both EDCS and OGS are modeled based on demand-side management (DSM). To optimize these strategies and achieve their objectives, fuzzy logic is employed as an optimization approach along with objective functions. Finally, two scenarios are examined through numerical simulations to illustrate the effectiveness of this approach in optimizing energy utilization in MCE.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135134423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trend Analysis of Tides Level and Projection Sea Level Rise On the West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia","authors":"Zarina Md Ali, Lai Wai Tan, Noor Aliza Ahmad, Sabariah Musa","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.028","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, sea levels are rising due to climate change caused by humans. Current and future sea level rise will have a variety of effects, particularly on coastal infrastructure. This study analysed the tidal level trend and projected sea level rise along the western coast of peninsular Malaysia using tide level records collected between 1986 and 2012. The seasonal Mann-Kendall test and linear trend were used to determine the tide level trend over time and to predict sea level rise for 2050 and 2100. Based on a confidence interval of 95%, the results of the analysis indicated a rising trend at all stations. Tau values for the Mann-Kendall test range between 0.16 and 0.33, while seasonal Mann-Kendall values range between 0.18 and 0.41. Based on the sea level projection analysis, the mean sea level will rise between 8.77 cm and 14.29 cm in 2050, and between 20.44 cm and 33.20 cm in 2100. In conclusion, the sea level trend at all stations on the west coasts of peninsular Malaysia exhibits an upward trend.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135134427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasonic Velocity Profiler for the Measurement of a Bubbly Flow Velocity Vector in Small Channels","authors":"Wongsakorn Wongsaroj, Hideharu Takahashi, Natee Thong-un, Jirasak Chanwutitum, Hiroshige Kikura","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"The multi-dimensional velocity distribution of coolant in bubbly flow within the fuel rod bundles of the reactor core in boiling water reactors (BWRs) is elucidated by experimental investigationin this study. Since a measurement technique is required for such an investigation, this paper proposes the development of an ultrasonic velocity profiler (UVP). The combination of special ultrasonic transducers and modified signal processing on the UVP is proposed to obtain a multi-dimensional velocity vector of the bubbles and liquid in bubbly flow. The ability of the proposed technique is demonstrated by performing an experiment in swirling bubbly flowand itsapplicability confirmed by comparing the resultswith another technique. The sound pressure distribution in the narrow channel of the rod bundle isthenmeasuredprior to the verification ofthe ultrasonic wave emitted through a small channel. The echo signal reflected from reflectors dispersed in the liquid,bubble, and tracer particles in the small channel of the rod bundle indicates that the proposed UVP can be applied inthis application with a low level of multi-reflection. Finally, the UVP system is demonstrated to measure the velocity vector of bubbly flow in the narrow flow channel on the rod bundle, andthe velocity vector of the bubble and liquid obtained simultaneously.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135134778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Airborne Pathogen Transmission Released by an Assailant in A Mosque Using CFD Simulation","authors":"Mohamad Nur Hidayat Mat, Muhammad Faizal Azman, Eliza M. Yusup","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.012","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the aerosol particle spreading characteristic under transient state at different location released by an assailantinside a mosque. Particles deposited at receivers were used to determine the virus reproductive number (Ro) over time. The spreading during coughing process wasvalidated with previous literature review using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation study. Mesh sensitivity study was done on the model to get better accuracy results and optimum computational load. Themodel involved internal space of the mosque and 160 prayers during the congregation prayers. It was discovered that, the particle spreading characteristics wasfound to be influenced mostly by the velocity distribution and velocity vector inside the mosque. This is due to force flow generated by fan and air conditionerair flow. Particles size less than 10μm werethe most deposited on the wall and ceiling. The particles greater than 30μm deposited on the ground andthe prayers body. The location of assailant at the center wasfound to cause the most infection among the prayers which was52% of the total prayer with the Roof 0.83. The assailant at top right and bottom right produced high Roof 0.73 and 0.6 while top left produced the lowest which was0.32. The existence of partition wasfound to reduce the particle spreading from the assailant at bottom left.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135134981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating Dynamic and Flow Characteristics of Electromagnetic Dispenser for The Kraz Truck Converted to Gas","authors":"Manoylo V., Arhun Shch., Migal V., Hnatova H., Korohodskyi V., Zenkin E., Shevchenko I.","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.013","url":null,"abstract":"The problems of worldwide environmental degradation, global warming, scarcity of fossil fuels hascaused the replacement of ICE vehicles with electric ones. For the countries with underdeveloped economy, it is important to find more affordable ways to solve this problem. One of them is to convert the cars with ICE into more environmentally friendly and economical ones, such as gas-powered cars. Yet, the conversion of diesel cars usually results in power loss. The work of the electromagnetic gas dispenser (EGD) of the engine power supply system significantly affects the efficiency of the gas engine. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the dynamic and flowcharacteristics of the EGD of the KrAZ truck (Ukraine) converted to gas, and to provide recommendations for improving the efficiency of its operation. The object of the research was the working processes of the EGD power supply system of 6ChGN13/14 engine, converted from diesel engine and equipped with a gas turbine supercharger. The paper presents the results of experimental studies on determining the effect of operating voltage on the dynamic characteristics of EGD. The dependences of dynamic and flow characteristics of the EGD on the change of the control signal frequency and the dependence of efficiency through the EGD flow nozzle on the control signal duration were obtained; the effect of the return spring stiffness on the dynamic and flow characteristics of the EGD were determined. The results of the work are designed to increase the efficiency of diesel trucks converted to gas.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135134431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Techno-Economic Energy Optimization of the Off-Grid Electrical System with Power to Gas Storage Technology","authors":"Yersi-Luis Huamán-Romaní, Lucy Mariella García-Vilela, Henrry Wilfredo Agreda Cerna, María-Verónica Seminario-Morales, María-Gregoria Sánchez-Prieto, Edgar Gutiérrez-Gómez, Giovanna Jackeline Serna Silva, Nestor Cuba Carbajal, Marco Antonio Añaños Bedriñana, Carmen-Rosa-Zenozain- Cordero","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.021","url":null,"abstract":"Renewable energy sources (RESs) have undeniable advantages over the recent years not only to supply electrical demand but also electrical demand. However, maximum use of the RES’s power has always been challenging as high penetration of the RESs as well as their intermittent nature might compromise the distribution networks power flow constraints. This paper proposes optimal energy operation of the off-grid distribution network (DN) with participation of the power-to-gas (PtG) storage system. In this regard, PtG system is considered as an energy supplier in the DN. The natural gas generated by using PtG is applied to backup diesel generators for meeting demand at peak times. The objective functions in the system are modeled based on technical and economic modeling including minimize the operation cost and maximize the system reliability. The optimal energy operation in the two case studies is assumed considering non-participation and participation of the PtG system. To solving of the energy optimization, particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed. Finally, proposed case studies under numerical simulation are implemented for validation of the participation of the PtG system.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135134434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Mist-Based Ablution: A Comprehensive Study of Water Distribution and Conservation Using Watercolour Visualization and Thermal Imaging Techniques","authors":"Abd Halim Embong, Firdaus Mohd Nor, Syamsul Bahrin Abdul Hamid","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.011","url":null,"abstract":"Conducting ablution constitutes a prerequisite for Muslims prior to engaging in prayer. This ritualistic practice involves the cleansing and wiping of specific body parts, including the hands, face, arms up to the elbows, head, and feet. Ensuring comprehensive water coverage of the aforementioned areas is a crucial criterion during ablution. However, excessive water consumption often occurs when Muslims perform ablution to achieve full coverage. Consequently, a more ecologically sustainable approach to ablution is necessary to minimize water wastage. A proposed water mist spray device aims to optimize water usage while adhering to the Islamic jurisprudence requirements of complete water coverage on ablution parts.To assess water coverage using the mist spray, an evenness distribution profile is employed through atomized mist colorization on paper and thermal imaging of ablution parts. An appropriate spray nozzle is chosen based on an analysis of spray distribution and coverage patterns on the target surface, utilizing image processing techniques. The proposed methodology involves mixing water with red watercolour and manually pumping it through the selected nozzle using an off-the-shelf water sprayer, thereby atomizing the coloured water to stain white paper. Subsequently, the paper is converted into a digital image and analysed using ImageJ software to determine the mist spray coverage percentage, spatial spread at various distances, and the extraction of stain and droplet sizes. This technique is applied to different types and sizes of spraynozzles to identify the most suitable nozzle for the prototype.The findings demonstrate that nozzles with smaller exit holes and higher water pressure yield more extensive spray coverage on the target surface. Upon selecting the appropriate nozzle, a Portable Ablution Mist Spray Device prototype is employed to evaluate water coverage for the ablution body parts. Thermal images of the ablution parts are captured before and after the ritual, with the temperature differences being analysed. The thermal images reveal a comprehensive and uniform spray distribution on the ablution body parts, accompanied by a temperature difference ranging from 0.9°C to 3.8°C among various participants.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135134980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linear and Non-Linear Predictive Models in Predicting Motor Assessment Scale of Stroke Patients Using Non-Motorized Rehabilitation Device","authors":"Sulaiman Mazlan","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.020","url":null,"abstract":"Various predictive models, both linear and non-linear, such as Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Partial Least Squares (PLS), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN), were frequently employed for predicting the clinical scores of stroke patients. Nonetheless, the effectiveness of these predictive models is somewhat impacted by how features are selected from the data to serve as inputs for the model. Hence, it's crucial to explore an ideal feature selection method to attain the most accurate prediction performance. This study primarily aims to evaluate the performance of two non-motorized three-degree-of-freedom devices, namely iRest and ReHAD using MLR, PLS and ANN predictive models and to examine the usefulness of including a hand grip function with the assessment device. The results reveal that ReHAD coupled with non-linear model (i.e. ANN) has a better prediction performance compared to iRest and at once proving that by including the hand grip function into the assessment device may increase the prediction accuracy in predicting Motor Assessment Scale (MAS) score of stroke subjects. Furthermore, these findings imply that there is a substantial association between kinematic variables and MAS scores, and as such the ANN model with a feature selection of twelve kinematic variables can predict stroke patients' MAS scores.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135134422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simplified Model Predictive Current Control for Surface- Mounted Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor Drives with Adaptive Duty Modulation","authors":"Crestian Almazan Agustin","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.019","url":null,"abstract":"Parameter control and cost minimization are among the significant aspects of model predictive current controllers. However, with the conventional control scheme of fixed switching vector actuation, susceptibility to uncontrolled current ripples remains a primary concern. This paper presents a simplified approach of model predictive current controller baed on adaptive duty modulation for the surface-mounted permanent-magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM). In this method, the implementation of two successive synthesized voltage vectors adopts the adpative soft-switching combination in each control period. Experimental results validate performance improvement and optimize current predictive accuracy.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135134437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"End-of-Life Vehicles Initiatives in the Middle East","authors":"Zambri Harun, Yousef Almutairi, Altaf Hossain Molla, Charli Sitinjak, Morteza Khashehchi, Taib Iskandar Mohamad, Eslam Reda","doi":"10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/ijie.2023.15.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"Many ofthe governments in the Middle East have overlooked recycling end-of-life vehicles (ELV) for far too long. This is probably because ELV activities are not in line with the governments' strategic short-term objectives. This research evaluates Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)countries and selectedcountries in the Middle East such as Egypt and Iran's standard operating procedures (SOP) fordisposing of the carsand method in keeping unroadworthy-cars off the road. The elements studied here regarding ELV are relevant acts, emission control initiatives, and thedisassembly of car procedure. The methods used here are desktop benchmarking and analysis of statistics regarding registered and deregistered cars which include surveys to users and relevant government officials. It is found that generally the governments in the Middle East are lacking in implementing clear directionsto ensure sustainable and environmentally friendly ELV as compared with East Asian nations such as Japan, Taiwan and Malaysia. Among the Middle Eastern countries,Qatarprovidesmuch more clear directionsregarding their ELVmethods. The outcome heresheds some light on the entire procedures taken via these nations in managing ELV initiatives and publicawareness. This studywill benefit the nations as the governmentscan implementELV initiatives, as in Europe and East Asian countries.","PeriodicalId":14189,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Integrated Engineering","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135134781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}