International Journal of Pharmaceutics最新文献

{"title":"Mesoporous silica nanoparticles-embedded hydrogel: A potential approach for transdermal delivery of carvedilol to pediatric population","authors":"Mohamed S. Attia ,&nbsp;Azza A. Hasan ,&nbsp;Fakhr-Eldin S. Ghazy ,&nbsp;Eman Gomaa","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Age-appropriate drug formulations, especially for children, are often limited. A beta-blocker, Carvedilol (CRV) has recently been reported as an off-label option for the management of cardiovascular disorders in pediatric patients. CRV exhibits a pH-dependent solubility and undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism, resulting in low oral bioavailability. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) of two types (MCM-41 and SBA-15) were loaded with CRV at three saturation levels to improve its dissolution rate. At high saturation level, CRV-loaded SBA-15 showed superior dissolution with a dissolution efficiency of 72.42 % and significant dissimilarity (<em>f</em>₁ = 211.80, <em>f</em>₂ = 16.89) compared to pure CRV, demonstrating enhanced solubility and dissolution rate due to its amorphous transformation and large pore diameter. Thermal and diffractometry analysis revealed the adsorption of CRV to MSNs in an amorphous state. CRV-loaded SBA-15 was incorporated into gel bases, and the amount of CRV released from triple-layer loaded gels was found to be higher than monolayer-loaded formulations. The <em>ex vivo</em> skin permeation study revealed a significant enhancement of drug release and permeation for CRV-loaded SBA-15 gel formulations (714.49 ± 38.49 µg/cm²) after 24 h, compared to the control (236.19 ± 18.93 µg/cm²), with flux increased by 62 %. Improving pediatric compliance by providing a convenient, non-invasive, and palatable drug delivery option that minimizes dosing errors and enhances treatment adherence. Our study suggests CRV-loaded SBA-15 transdermal gel as a pediatric-friendly alternative to oral delivery, addressing bitter taste, bypassing hepatic metabolism, and improving bioavailability while reducing side effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14187,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","volume":"676 ","pages":"Article 125605"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality by design enabled development & in-vitro assessment of a Nanoemulgel formulation for Nose-to-Brain delivery of Nintedanib for glioblastoma multiforme treatment","authors":"Dnyandev Gadhave ,&nbsp;Mural Quadros ,&nbsp;Sravani Ravula ,&nbsp;Akanksha R Ugale ,&nbsp;Mayssam Alkyam ,&nbsp;Jeanette C Perron ,&nbsp;Vivek Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a deadly malignant brain tumor that spreads uncontrollably and invades the surrounding brain parenchyma. GBM treatment remains challenging due to the rigid blood–brain barrier, limiting therapeutic entry into the brain. Therefore, the current study focused on formulating a Nintedanib (Nint) loaded in-situ Nanoemulgel (Nint-Nanoemulgel) and exploring its permeation and therapeutic potential under in-vitro models to address these limitations. Nint-Nanoemulgel was optimized through the QbD-enabled Box-Behnken design. Optimized Nint-Nanoemulgel revealed significant globule size (27.4 ± 0.8  nm), PDI (0.17 ± 0.01), % encapsulation efficiency (93.5 ± 3.5 %), zeta potential (−4.7 ± 0.6 mV), %T (98.2 ± 0.2 %), pH (6.0 ± 0.2), and viscosity (2.59 ± 0.24 cP) at 25 °C. A cumulative<!--> <!-->in-vitro release study revealed 87.4 ± 1.9 % Nint release through Nanoemulgel after 12 h while 90.1 ± 2.1 % release after 24 h.<!--> <!-->The cytotoxicity potential of developed Nint-Nanoemulgel was screened in GBM cell lines, demonstrating a &gt; 2-fold reduction in IC₅₀ than plain Nint. However, after treatment with 100 µM of Nint-Nanoemulgel, % growth inhibition was found to be 91.0 ± 1.0 %, 92.1 ± 1.3 %, and 82.7 ± 1.0 % in LN229, U87, and U138 cell lines, respectively. Further,<!--> <!-->in-vitro cellular uptake exhibited significant coumarin cellular internalization through nanoformulations against coumarin solution. Moreover, clonogenic and scratch assay studies demonstrated the ability of Nint-NE to inhibit cell proliferation and colony formation. However, the outcomes of the live-dead assay demonstrated more cell death in Nint-nanoformulation-treated spheroids than in Nint-treated spheroids. Nint-Nanoemulgel improved intracellular permeation and demonstrated a 2-fold increase in Nint transport across the RPMI-2650 epithelial monolayer. Finally, favorable outcomes of intranasal Nint-Nanoemulgel could provide a novel avenue for the safe and effective delivery of Nint in GBM patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14187,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","volume":"676 ","pages":"Article 125632"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excipient effect on phenol-induced precipitation of human growth hormone and bovine serum albumin","authors":"Johanna Hjalte ,&nbsp;Anna-Maria Börjesdotter ,&nbsp;Carl Diehl ,&nbsp;Stefan Ulvenlund ,&nbsp;Marie Wahlgren ,&nbsp;Helen Sjögren","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of phenol on the precipitation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human growth hormone (hGH), in the presence of other excipients frequently used in biological drugs for parenteral delivery. The focus of the study lieson incompatibilities observed in multidose formulations containing non-ionic surfactants and preservatives. Previous research has shown that above a critical concentration, phenol reduces the cloud point of polysorbate surfactants to room temperature or lower. Here, it is demonstrated that for BSA-polysorbate solutions, phenol-induced incompatibility is primarily controlled by this depression of the surfactant cloud point, resulting in turbidity and/or precipitation. However, for formulations with human growth hormone (hGH) in isotonic salt solutions, the precipitation mechanism is instead driven by protein-phenol interactions. The precipitation is affected by the concentration of sodium chloride and at low salt concentrations the incompatibility is again controlled by depression of the surfactant cloud point. The concentration of salt needed for protein induced precipitation seems to follow the Hofmeister series, with sodium chloride and sodium sulphate inducing precipitation at a lower salt concentration than sodium nitrate. Notably, non-ionic tonicity agents, such as glucose and mannitol, which are known to impact the surfactant cloud point depression of phenol, do not induce precipitation of hGH in the presence of phenol. In the system containing polysorbate, phenol and hGH, salt-triggered protein precipitation occurs at slightly higher sodium chloride concentrations than in solutions without polysorbate. This indicates a stabilizing effect of polysorbate on hGH below the cloud point. However, the stabilising effect is surfactant dependent, and in the presence of dodecyl maltoside, hGH precipitation occurs at much lower sodium chloride concentrations than for solutions with polysorbates. This illustrates the complexity of the interplay of excipients with each other and with the active ingredient (the protein) in the development of multidose pharmaceutics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14187,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","volume":"676 ","pages":"Article 125624"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated differentiation of photothermal effect-induced mesenchymal stem cells regulated by activating HSP90-autophagy boosts wound repair","authors":"Xian-Yu Li ,&nbsp;Da-Peng Ding ,&nbsp;Meng-Yi Zhan ,&nbsp;Tian-Qi Ma ,&nbsp;Xiang-Yi Zhao ,&nbsp;Liang Zheng ,&nbsp;Ning Han ,&nbsp;Fan Leng ,&nbsp;Yu-cheng Mao ,&nbsp;Zhengyuan Li ,&nbsp;Wei Wei ,&nbsp;Yan Tan ,&nbsp;Jun-Ming Tang ,&nbsp;Tong-Fei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) have the potential for pluripotent differentiation, transformation into stromal cells, and release of various cytokines to accelerate tissue healing as well as fight against inflammatory response. However, the differentiation and maturation of MSC require considerable time, which limits their clinical application. To tackle this difficulty, we herein propose a strategy of “selective accelerated activation of MSC by photothermal effect (PTE)” based on our previous work of “laser-controlled platelet activation”. <em>In vitro</em> experiments presented that a photothermal agent (Indocyanine green, ICG) could be loaded by bone marrow-derived MSC (BMSC), which facilitated temperature increase under laser irradiation, leading to the speed differentiation and maturity of BMSC. Further findings revealed that PTE prevented BMSC from oxidative stress, thereby reducing inflammation and apoptosis. The ICG-loaded BMSC, which mixed with hydrogel, was further covered on the acute wounds in rats, promoting wound healing and blood vessel regeneration under laser irradiation. In-depth RNA-sequencing results indicated that PTE treatment led to the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) enriched in autophagy and PI3K signaling pathways, as confirmed by the increased expression of autophagy-associated biomarkers and observed autophagosome in BMSC. Furthermore, the HSP90 was activated in response to the PTE, which inhibited PI3K signaling. Finally, the silence of HSP90 abolished PTE-driven PI3K blockage, autophagy, and differentiation of BMSC. To summarize, PTE could facilitate the differentiation of MSC by triggering HSP90-mediated autophagy, which provides a novel approach for controlled MSC differentiation and the potential application of MSC cytopharmaceutics in wound repair.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14187,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","volume":"676 ","pages":"Article 125631"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mannitol-leucine synergy in nanocrystal agglomerates for enhanced systemic delivery of inhaled ketoprofen: Pharmacokinetics and safety in ovalbumin-sensitized rats","authors":"Heba Banat ,&nbsp;Ildikó Csóka ,&nbsp;Fruzsina Kun-Szabó ,&nbsp;Gergely H. Fodor ,&nbsp;Petra Somogyi ,&nbsp;Ferenc Peták ,&nbsp;Petra Party ,&nbsp;Anita Sztojkov-Ivanov ,&nbsp;Eszter Ducza ,&nbsp;Róbert Berkecz ,&nbsp;Ilona Gróf ,&nbsp;Mária A. Deli ,&nbsp;Rita Ambrus","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pulmonary administration offers a promising needle-free approach for systemic delivery of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), improving bioavailability and reducing required doses. While mannitol and leucine are widely used in inhalation formulations, their potential to enhance systemic drug delivery via the pulmonary route remains largely unexplored. This study utilizes the nanocrystal agglomerates (NCAs) approach to develop an inhalable NSAID formulation, with ketoprofen (KTP) as a model drug. Wet media milling and nano spray drying were employed for NCA fabrication, and the roles of mannitol and leucine were evaluated individually and in combination. Notably, their combination exhibited synergy, overcoming limitations observed with individual excipients. Mannitol-based sample (K1M) reduced aerosol performance by increasing the mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) to 4.5 µm, whereas leucine-based sample (K1L) improved aerosolization but resulted in a low MMAD (&lt;1 µm), suggesting a high tendency for exhalation. The combined mannitol-leucine formulation (K1ML) achieved optimal aerosol performance, balancing dispersibility and controlled deposition. K1ML also exhibited the fastest drug release (99 % in 5 min) and enhanced permeability across the alveolar barrier while maintaining biocompatibility. Pharmacokinetic analysis confirmed that inhaled K1ML provided superior bioavailability (AUC 73 µg·h/mL) compared to oral KTP nanosuspension (42 µg·h/mL) and raw KTP (9 µg·h/mL). Nonetheless, prolonged inhalation in asthmatic models (ovalbumin-sensitised rats) impaired pulmonary function, emphasizing the need for dose optimization. These findings demonstrate that the mannitol-leucine combination in NCAs enhances systemic NSAID delivery, optimizing both aerosol performance and bioavailability. Future studies should refine dosing strategies to ensure long-term safety and clinical feasibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14187,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","volume":"676 ","pages":"Article 125610"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the differences: A comprehensive multi-technique analysis of hard and soft nanoparticles","authors":"Eleonora D’Intino ,&nbsp;Domenico Chirico ,&nbsp;Maria Gioia Fabiano ,&nbsp;Luca Buccini ,&nbsp;Daniele Passeri ,&nbsp;Fabrizio Marra ,&nbsp;Rossella Puglisi ,&nbsp;Federica Rinaldi ,&nbsp;Gianfranco Mattia ,&nbsp;Maria Carafa ,&nbsp;Carlotta Marianecci","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The characterization of nanoparticles (NPs) has become increasingly important due to their wide-ranging applications in fields such as biomedicine and drug delivery. NPs have emerged as promising candidates for drug delivery systems due to their unique physicochemical properties, which enable them to interact with biological systems at the molecular level. Among these, soft nanocarriers, such as niosomes, and hard nanocarriers, such as Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (IONPs), offer distinct advantages for targeted therapy and diagnostics. This study provides a comprehensive, multi-disciplinary evaluation of two distinct types of nanoparticles: soft nanocarriers (niosomes, NVs) and hard nanocarriers (IONPs), by examining their physicochemical properties, cellular uptake, and cytotoxicity profiles. This comparative analysis seeks to highlight the different behaviour of soft and hard nanoparticles in drug delivery applications, with a particular focus on the impact of surface modifications. The addition of chitosan to sample NVsB not only resulted in an increase in particle dimensions but also shifted the ζ-potential to positive values which could enhance the interactions with cell membranes, improving cellular uptake. As desired, the obtained ζ-potential value of NVsB-Chit was comparable to that of the commercial coated ferrofluid. In addition to the traditional characterization techniques, this study integrates advanced analytical methods, such as Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), complementing traditional techniques such as Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), to assess the nanoscale topography of both types of nanoparticles. Cytotoxicity studies on Calu-3 lung adenocarcinoma cells were conducted to evaluate the biocompatibility of the nanoparticles, demonstrating that NVs and FluidMAG exhibited minimal cytotoxic effects, particularly at lower concentrations. Cell internalization was confirmed for IONPs by magnetic cell separation whereas confocal microscopy analysis has been conducted for calcein-loaded NVs intracellular visualization. By integrating structural, chemical, and biological evaluations, we take an interdisciplinary approach which could also enable us to explore how variations in nanoparticle design (such as surface charge, size and coating) affect their performance in drug delivery and diagnostics. Moreover, combining physicochemical characterizations (e.g., hydrodynamic diameter, zeta potential and nanoparticles morphology) with biological evaluations (e.g., cellular uptake and safety profiles) allows for a holistic assessment of these nanocarriers to gain a comprehensive understanding of their behaviour and performance. This aspect is crucial for designing more efficient, safer, and targeted nanomedicines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14187,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","volume":"676 ","pages":"Article 125604"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mannitol in direct compression: Production, functionality, critical material attributes and co-processed excipients","authors":"Lijun Lin ,&nbsp;Xiao Lin ,&nbsp;Lan Shen ,&nbsp;Yanlong Hong ,&nbsp;Lijie Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, mannitol has been widely used in the pharmaceutical industry as a substitute for lactose. Mannitol is widely available and can be produced by a variety of methods. Due to its water solubility, low hygroscopicity and chemical inertness, it is commonly added to various formulations, especially tablet formulations. A better understanding of the Critical Material Attributes (CMAs) of raw materials can help guide tablet quality improvement and mannitol development based on quality by design. In addition, co-processing of mannitol can introduce more desirable properties to the resulting particles. In this review, we focused specifically on the recent advances and development of mannitol on direct compression (DC) tableting, including the functions in tablet formulations, potential CMAs, and mannitol-based co-processed excipients, therefore providing a reference for further studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14187,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","volume":"676 ","pages":"Article 125595"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143858829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of theranostic covalent organic framework for Tumor-targeted Chemo-photodynamic therapy","authors":"Mahsa Nazari ,&nbsp;Mina Alikhani ,&nbsp;Sirous Nekooei ,&nbsp;Khalil Abnous ,&nbsp;Seyed Mohammad Taghdisi ,&nbsp;Amir Sh. Saljooghi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Ramezani ,&nbsp;Mona Alibolandi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125621","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125621","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a novel class of organic porous materials that, in recent years, have gained much attention for their applications as nanocarriers toward nanomedicine development. Inspired by this, we introduce for the first time a novel theranostic nanoplatform that combines iodine ligand 5-amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid (ATIPA)-decorated porphyrin-based covalent organic frameworks (pCOF-I) designed for effective photodynamic therapy (PDT), doxorubicin (DOX) encapsulation, and computed tomography (CT) imaging toward melanoma treatment. In the design of this COF, we have successfully integrated the iodine ligand with porphyrin. The synthesized mesoporous nanoplatform was loaded with DOX and further modified by COOH-PEG-NH₂, which was conjugated with the AS1411 aptamer to be targeted to B16F0 melanoma cells. Comprehensive characterizations verified the successful synthesis and controlled release of DOX from the synthesized COF. <em>In vitro</em> evaluation against B16F0 showed combined chemo-PDT therapy. In addition, higher cellular uptake and toxicity were observed for the targeted platform compared to the non-targeted one towards B16F0. The porphyrin molecules imparted to the pCOF-I nanoparticles (NPs) a significant capacity for light-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, demonstrating remarkable PDT efficacy in both <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> environments. An <em>in vivo</em> investigation on B16F0 ectopic tumor model of melanoma in mice confirmed the potential for showed combined chemo-PDT therapy chemo-PDT in preclinical stage while approving guided delivery and tumor accumulation of AS1411 aptamer-tagged systems. On the other hand, the prepared platform demonstrated desirable CT-scan imaging of B16F0 tumorized mice 6 and 24 h post-injection. Notably, this is the first report of an AS1411 aptamer-targeted pCOF-I system for CT imaging-guided combined chemo-PDT, marking a significant step forward in multimodal cancer treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14187,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","volume":"676 ","pages":"Article 125621"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143858831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyglutamic acid in cancer nanomedicine: Advances in multifunctional delivery platforms","authors":"Asfi Rizwan ,&nbsp;Urushi Rehman ,&nbsp;Garima Gupta ,&nbsp;Abdulrhman Alsayari ,&nbsp;Shadma Wahab ,&nbsp;Prashant Kesharwani","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyglutamic acid (PGA)-coated nanoparticles have emerged as a significant advancement in cancer nanomedicine due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and versatility. PGA enhances the stability and bioavailability of therapeutic agents, enabling controlled and sustained drug release with reduced systemic toxicity. Stimuli-responsive modifications to PGA allow for precise drug delivery tailored to the tumor microenvironment, improving specificity and therapeutic outcomes. PGA’s potential extends to gene delivery, where it facilitates safe and efficient transfection, addressing critical challenges such as multidrug resistance. Additionally, PGA-coated nanoparticles play a pivotal role in theranostic, integrating diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities within a single platform for real-time monitoring and treatment optimization. These nanoparticles have demonstrated enhanced efficacy in chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and combination regimens, tackling persistent issues like poor tumor penetration and non-specific drug distribution. Advancements in stimuli-responsive designs, ligand functionalization, and payload customization highlight the adaptability of PGA-based platforms for precision oncology. However, challenges such as scalability, stability under physiological conditions, and regulatory compliance remain key obstacles to clinical translation. This review explores the design, development, and applications of PGA-coated nanoparticles, emphasizing their potential to transform cancer treatment through safer, more effective, and personalized therapeutic approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14187,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","volume":"676 ","pages":"Article 125623"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particulate platform for pulmonary drug delivery: Recent advances of formulation and fabricating strategies","authors":"Zijia Zhang,&nbsp;Mengya Jin,&nbsp;Xinyu Yang,&nbsp;Heng Zhu,&nbsp;Huijie Li,&nbsp;Qingliang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pulmonary drug delivery for managing respiratory diseases has attained a significant maturity level and holds substantial potential for applications in treating systemic diseases. Advancements in pulmonary delivery techniques have driven the innovative development of dry powder inhalers (DPIs), specifically engineered to optimize the efficacy of pulmonary drug delivery. This review examines recent progress in formulation and manufacturing strategies of inhalable dry powder, focusing on prescription design and fabrication approaches for advanced particulate systems. These include the integration of cutting-edge excipients into conventional formulations, nano-based delivery system, composite particles, and a blend of traditional and next-generation processing techniques, all contributing to enhanced drug delivery efficiency and bioavailability. Additionally, this review discusses the latest advancements in DPI devices. This review aims to provide a clear perspective on emerging inhalable dry powder formulation and processing trends for pulmonary delivery, highlighting the critical role of novel particulate platform in advancing pulmonary drug delivery systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14187,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","volume":"676 ","pages":"Article 125601"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143858827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}