International Journal of Pharmaceutics最新文献

Development of impact resistant immediate release amorphous solid dispersion via hot-melt extrusion and injection molding 采用热熔挤压和注射成型技术研制抗冲击立即释放非晶态固体分散体

IF 5.3 2区医学

International Journal of Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125746

Caitlin C. Wood , Kush G. Patel , Virginia L. Weber , Adaeze R. Osakwe , Nohora P. Manovacia Moreno , Michael L. Broich II , Joshua C. Bledsoe , Jessica A. Bramhall , Vladislav V. Klepov , Sammy Bell , Jason J. Locklin

{"title":"Development of impact resistant immediate release amorphous solid dispersion via hot-melt extrusion and injection molding","authors":"Caitlin C. Wood , Kush G. Patel , Virginia L. Weber , Adaeze R. Osakwe , Nohora P. Manovacia Moreno , Michael L. Broich II , Joshua C. Bledsoe , Jessica A. Bramhall , Vladislav V. Klepov , Sammy Bell , Jason J. Locklin","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immediate release (IR) amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) tablets are currently manufactured <em>via</em> a multi-step process which includes hot melt extrusion (HME), grinding of the extrudate, sieving to achieve narrow particle size, blending with other excipients, and finally, direct compression. Due to the multi-step nature of the process, the production time and costs are much higher for ASD tablets than conventional tablets. Thus, a new and more efficient method of IR-ASD tablet production using HME coupled with injection molding (IM) was explored as a viable alternative. Moxidectin, a low-dosage, high-potency BCS class II drug was used as a model API for formulation development. Interestingly, these tablets were also found to be porous (5.01 % <em>φ</em>) due to thermal decomposition of NaHCO<sub>3</sub>. The IM tablets were measured against United States Pharmacopeia (USP) quality standards for content uniformity, tablet friability, and dissolution. The content uniformity of these tablets was ± 2 % of the label claim, and over 90 % API release was observed within 1 h in 0.74 % Tween 20 media. PXRD diffractograms revealed that the stability of the ASD at room temperature conditions was excellent. Placebo and API-loaded formulations were extruded and injection molded into circular and unique geometries using molds produced by stereolithography. Lastly, the HME-IM tablet formulations were observed to be extremely tough and would be an excellent candidate in the production of abuse-deterrent formulations for controlled substances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14187,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","volume":"680 ","pages":"Article 125746"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144184554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond the Hype: The potential and challenges of semi-solid extrusion 3D Printing in pharmaceutical applications through the lens of Portuguese 3D experts 超越炒作：通过葡萄牙3D专家的镜头，半固态挤压3D打印在制药应用中的潜力和挑战

IF 5.3 2区医学

International Journal of Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125760

Sara Bom, Afonso Cavaco, Ana Margarida Martins, Helena Margarida Ribeiro, Joana Marto

{"title":"Beyond the Hype: The potential and challenges of semi-solid extrusion 3D Printing in pharmaceutical applications through the lens of Portuguese 3D experts","authors":"Sara Bom, Afonso Cavaco, Ana Margarida Martins, Helena Margarida Ribeiro, Joana Marto","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125760","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125760","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, the technological landscape has experienced a notable surge in the exploration of 3D Printing technologies (3DPT), particularly as an additive manufacturing method. Among the various 3DPT available, semi-solid extrusion 3DP (SSE-3DP) has emerged as a prominent solution for pharmaceutical applications, owing to its versatility and adaptability for customization. Nevertheless, achieving further technological advancement is hindered by a myriad of challenges related to materials, process, and quality control. Therefore, this research aimed to explore, uncover, and critically discuss both the potential and the challenges of SSE-3DP, by capturing the insights, vision, and perspectives of Portuguese 3DP experts, through a focus group analysis. The focus group discussions revealed an initial sense of positivity, fascination, and novelty regarding the technology, later evolving into mixed emotions of doubt and aspiration, effectively highlighting both the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead for the advancement of SSE-3DP. Moreover, the analysis yielded a total of 148 sub-codes, related to materials, process, printers’ specifications, quality control testing, needs and lack of knowledge, solutions, business applications and personalization strategies. Notably, 3DP experts underscored the necessity for investment in multi-materials research, printer functionalities, process optimization through automation and artificial intelligence (AI) or advanced dynamic tools, and quality control using standard guidelines or machine learning models. Overall, this article provides a foundational framework for future research, addressing the gaps, needs, and solutions highlighted by 3DP experts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14187,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","volume":"680 ","pages":"Article 125760"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144184555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Therapeutic mRNA vaccines targeting human papillomavirus type 16 E7 protein demonstrate significant antitumor efficacy in murine models of HPV-associated tumors. 针对人乳头瘤病毒16型E7蛋白的治疗性mRNA疫苗在人乳头瘤病毒相关肿瘤的小鼠模型中显示出显著的抗肿瘤效果。

IF 5.3 2区医学

International Journal of Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125785

Shihan Peng, Fengping Hou, Xinyu Yang, Wan Wang, Xiaomeng Li, Yue Tang, Yueru Chen, Chu Yang, Xiongxiong Li

引用次数: 0

Vicious-cycle-breaking antiangiogenic nano-delivery systems potentiate and simplify the tumor vascular normalization strategy. 恶性循环打破抗血管生成纳米递送系统增强和简化肿瘤血管正常化策略。

IF 5.3 2区医学

International Journal of Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125788

Zhaowei Qi, Qiongfen Yang, Yujie Wang, Yanzhi Song, Yihui Deng

{"title":"Vicious-cycle-breaking antiangiogenic nano-delivery systems potentiate and simplify the tumor vascular normalization strategy.","authors":"Zhaowei Qi, Qiongfen Yang, Yujie Wang, Yanzhi Song, Yihui Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125788","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The theory of tumor vascular normalization provides new possibilities for the rational use of anti-angiogenesis drugs and chemotherapeutics. However, clinical implementation of vascular normalization strategies faces two key bottlenecks: figuring out the right dosage of anti-angiogenic agents to balance angiogenic and anti-angiogenic properties, and the technical challenge of real-time monitoring of transient normalization windows for best therapeutic timing. Additionally, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) often antagonize this therapy by interacting with tumor vasculature. In response to these challenges, in this study, anlotinib (ANB) was chosen as the model drug, and two drug delivery systems loaded with ANB were prepared and compared: sialic acid-cholesterol conjugate-modified liposomes (ANB-SL) and polysialic acid-modified electrostatic complexes (ANB-PSA). The results showed that ANB-SL specifically targets TAMs, then enriches within the tumor, releases ANB, killing TAMs while inhibiting vascular endothelial cells, thereby achieving tumor vascular normalization. This promotes CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell infiltration, shifts the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) to an immune-activated state, and enhances drug delivery efficiency. Meanwhile, ANB that reaches the interior of the tumor can inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells. This means that ANB-SL can subsequently exert its anti-tumor cytotoxic effect after restoring vascular normalization, without the need to determine the precise timing of the normalization window. Accordingly, ANB-SL is expected to potentiate and simplify the tumor vascular normalization strategy, providing new insights for cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":14187,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","volume":" ","pages":"125788"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144186965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Subvisible particle formation under mechanical and interfacial stress: A case study using bovine serum albumin as a model for biotherapeutic proteins. 在机械和界面应力下形成的不可见颗粒：使用牛血清白蛋白作为生物治疗蛋白模型的案例研究。

IF 5.3 2区医学

International Journal of Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125774

Javad Eshraghi, Reza Babakhani Galangashi, Jean-Christophe Veilleux, Galen Shi, David Collins, Dennis Yang, Pavlos P Vlachos

{"title":"Subvisible particle formation under mechanical and interfacial stress: A case study using bovine serum albumin as a model for biotherapeutic proteins.","authors":"Javad Eshraghi, Reza Babakhani Galangashi, Jean-Christophe Veilleux, Galen Shi, David Collins, Dennis Yang, Pavlos P Vlachos","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125774","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The stability of biotherapeutic proteins is critical for drug efficacy and patient safety, with protein aggregation and subvisible particle (SVP) formation posing significant challenges. Mechanical, thermal, and interfacial stresses encountered during manufacturing, storage, and administration can destabilize proteins and increase immunogenicity. While shear stress has traditionally been viewed as a primary cause of aggregation, recent evidence suggests that interfacial dynamics and extensional stresses may play a more significant role. However, the relative effects of these factors remain poorly understood. To address this gap, we developed an experimental process to exert controlled stresses on Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) samples and measured SVP formation using optical methods. We examined the effects of acoustic- and laser-induced cavitation, shear stress, extensional stress, and air/solution interfacial stress, alongside variations in surfactant and protein concentrations. Our results demonstrate that extensional stress and vapor-solution interfaces induce significantly greater protein aggregation and SVP formation than shear stress and air-solution interfaces. Cavitation proved particularly harmful, generating localized increases in pressure and temperature. The addition of surfactants mitigated the impact of all stress types, reducing both particle count and size. These findings challenge the conventional emphasis on shear stress as the primary driver of protein aggregation, underscoring the need for stress-specific strategies in biopharmaceutical manufacturing. By highlighting the critical roles of extensional stress and cavitation-induced interfaces, this study provides valuable insights for optimizing formulation, manufacturing, and delivery processes to enhance the stability, efficacy, and safety of protein therapeutics while minimizing immunogenicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14187,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","volume":" ","pages":"125774"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144186962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydrogen sulfide and its donors for the treatment of traumatic brain injury: A comprehensive review. 硫化氢及其供体治疗创伤性脑损伤：综合综述。

IF 5.3 2区医学

International Journal of Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125792

Xianzhe Li, Yumei An, Mingyuan Xu, Mengchun Xue, Jun Xue, Xinqi Huang, Haiyan Shan, Li Hui, Mingyang Zhang

引用次数: 0

Novel treatments for bacterial keratitis: A review. 细菌性角膜炎的新治疗方法综述。

IF 5.3 2区医学

International Journal of Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125793

Chuan Yan, Hao Zhao, Qianhui Pan, Xinru Xie, Keyin Chen, Lishu Zhang

{"title":"Novel treatments for bacterial keratitis: A review.","authors":"Chuan Yan, Hao Zhao, Qianhui Pan, Xinru Xie, Keyin Chen, Lishu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacterial keratitis (BK) is a critical ophthalmic emergency and one of the leading causes of corneal blindness. The current clinical management for BK involves surgical intervention and drug therapy. However, limited availability of surgical options due to lack of expertise, corneal tissue, and necessary infrastructure, among other reasons, poses challenges. Additionally, drug therapy faces limitations in providing sustained treatment for BK due to low bioavailability of drugs and increasing bacterial resistance. In recent years, novel treatments have emerged as potential breakthroughs in overcoming the deadlock in BK management. These include nanotechnology-based ocular drug delivery systems, nano-antibacterial materials, as well as promising treatment methods such as nanoparticles, nanogels, quantum dots, hydrogels, microneedles, plasma therapy, phage therapy, gene therapy and corneal cross-linking, etc. This article provides a comprehensive review on the research progress made with these innovative approaches aiming to offer new insights into BK treatment strategies. We first analyze the epidemiology and predisposing factors of BK. Then, we summarize the disadvantages of traditional treatment methods. Afterwards, we introduce the research progress of novel therapy and elaborate some details of the research. Finally, we give the conclusion and future perspectives. This review serves as a valuable resource for advancing BK treatment strategies by deepening our understanding regarding the advantages offered by new methodologies. It also provides references for future applications and prospective research in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":14187,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","volume":" ","pages":"125793"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144186961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synthesis and evaluation of valsartan co-crystals for enhanced solubility and anti-hypertensive activity. 缬沙坦共晶增强溶解度和抗高血压活性的合成与评价。

IF 5.3 2区医学

International Journal of Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125743

Rinki Verma, Md Meraj Anjum, Devdutt Sharma, Krishna Kumar Patel, Sankha Bhattacharya, Sanjay Singh

{"title":"Synthesis and evaluation of valsartan co-crystals for enhanced solubility and anti-hypertensive activity.","authors":"Rinki Verma, Md Meraj Anjum, Devdutt Sharma, Krishna Kumar Patel, Sankha Bhattacharya, Sanjay Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Valsartan (VAL) is an antihypertensive medication belonging to the angiotensin II receptor blockers class, which helps reduce cardiovascular disease risk by controlling high blood pressure, but its therapeutic efficacy is limited due to poor solubility and bioavailability. The study focused on developing valsartan cocrystals using co-formers through the solvent evaporation method to improve the solubility and thereby efficacy of VAL. The cocrystal formulation was optimized using a central composite design to achieve the critical quality attribute of cocrystal saturation solubility. Optimized formulation was characterized by using various physiochemical analyses including X-ray diffraction, which confirmed the crystallinity, and Scanning Electron Microscopy showed rough, irregular surface morphology. The drug content in the optimized formulation was ∼77 % for valsartan-saccharin co-crystals (VAL-SAC) and 74 % for valsartan-glutaric acid cocrystals (VAL-GUL). In-vitro release profiles displayed an initial burst followed by sustained release. VAL-SAC Cocrystals showed aqueous solubility of 0.7710 ± 0.012 mg/mL while VAL-GUL exhibited 0.2740 ± 0.018 mg/ml which is more notable than plain drug (0.0201 ± 0.001 mg/mL). In-vivo results indicated that the cocrystal formulations of VAL had better antihypertensive efficacy than the plain drug alone. These results highlight the potential of the developed cocrystals as effective antihypertensive agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":14187,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","volume":" ","pages":"125743"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144186963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pulmonary delivery of LNP-mRNAs aerosolised by vibrating mesh nebulizer: An emphasis on variations and in-depth analyses of physicochemical properties 通过振动网状喷雾器雾化lnp - mrna的肺递送：强调变化和物理化学性质的深入分析

IF 5.3 2区医学

International Journal of Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125796

Hao-Ying Li , Luke Granger , Bahijja Tolulope Raimi-Abraham , Robin J. Shattock , Charalampos Makatsoris , Ben Forbes

{"title":"Pulmonary delivery of LNP-mRNAs aerosolised by vibrating mesh nebulizer: An emphasis on variations and in-depth analyses of physicochemical properties","authors":"Hao-Ying Li , Luke Granger , Bahijja Tolulope Raimi-Abraham , Robin J. Shattock , Charalampos Makatsoris , Ben Forbes","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125796","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125796","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The delivery of lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-mRNAs to the lungs attracts fast increasing interests for vaccination, as the mucosal immunity in the airway can prevent the establishment of an infection rather than only reduce the level of infection associated with systemic immunity triggered <em>via</em> intramuscular injection. The vibrating mesh nebuliser was well utilized to atomize inhalation solutions/suspensions for pulmonary delivery hence employed in this study for aerosolising LNP-mRNAs. In comparison with pre-aerosolised LNP-mRNAs, the post-aerosolised vectors demonstrated a significant increase (<em>t</em>-test, unpaired, <em>p</em> < 0.05) in particle size (215–363 nm vs. 116–130 nm), polydispersity index (PDI: > 0.33 vs. < 0.27), zeta potential (ZP: 11–14 mV vs. 2.6–7.7 mV), and encapsulation efficiency (EE: ∼99 % w/w vs. ∼91 % w/w), indicating a structural alteration upon high-frequency mesh vibration (HFMV). The particle sizes of LNP-mRNAs were further enlarged upon inertial impaction, and the size increments were dependent on the velocities of airflow for impaction and the N/P ratios. The aerosolised mists were fine, with >54 % w/w deposited in lower respiratory tract and >28.5 % w/w further delivered to alveolar regions. Further, a model was created to elucidate the variations of physicochemical properties for LNP-mRNAs upon HFMV and inertial impaction, and it disclosed that the fluidity and shear-induced fusion of LNPs were the fundamental reasons to cause these unfavourable changes particularly the size enlargement. These insights reveal that the effective development of inhaled LNP-mRNAs will rely on shear-less devices, formulation optimizations, inhalable dry powders, and their potential combinations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14187,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","volume":"680 ","pages":"Article 125796"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Highly thiolated corn starch for enhanced mucoadhesion and permeation. 高硫代玉米淀粉，增强黏附性和渗透性。

IF 5.3 2区医学

International Journal of Pharmaceutics Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125798

Zahra Davoudi, Gergely Kali, Doris Braun, Mohammad Hossein Azizi, Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch

{"title":"Highly thiolated corn starch for enhanced mucoadhesion and permeation.","authors":"Zahra Davoudi, Gergely Kali, Doris Braun, Mohammad Hossein Azizi, Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.125798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explores the mucoadhesive and permeation enhancing properties of highly thiolated corn starch as a potential excipient for mucosal drug delivery. Native corn starch was chemically thiolated using phosphorous pentasulfide in sulfolane. The degree of thiolation was quantified by Ellman's test and the chemical structure was confirmed using <sup>1</sup>H NMR, FTIR spectroscopy, and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the resazurin viability assay. Thiolated starch was evaluated regarding swelling power, viscosity, and mucoadhesion. Mucoadhesive properties were investigated through rheological analysis with intestinal mucus, tensile testing on porcine intestinal tissue, and mucosal residence time studies. Thiolated starch with 1658 μmol/g thiol groups showed no cytotoxicity up to a concentration of 0.2 mg/ml after 24 h of incubation. Rheological evaluations demonstrated a 3.5-fold increase in dynamic viscosity for the thiolated starch-mucus mixture compared to native starch. Thiolated starch showed a 91.1-fold enhancement in mucoadhesion as compared to unmodified starch. Tensile testing revealed a 4.3-fold increase in maximum detachment force and a 2.5-fold increase in total work of adhesion. Furthermore, Permeation studies using sodium fluorescein (Na-Flu) as a marker demonstrated a 2-fold higher permeation enhancing effect on freshly excised rat intestinal mucosa in comparison to unmodified starch. Because of its mucoadhesive and permeation enhancing properties, highly thiolated starch might be a promising excipient for mucosal drug delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":14187,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutics","volume":" ","pages":"125798"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144186958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0