International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease最新文献

{"title":"Hospital-Acquired Acute Kidney Injury in Non-Critical Medical Patients in a Developing Country Tertiary Hospital: Incidence and Predictors.","authors":"Nahom Dessalegn Mekonnen, Tigist Workneh Leulseged, Buure Ayderuss Hassen, Kidus Haile Yemaneberhan, Helen Surafeal Berhe, Nebiat Adane Mera, Anteneh Abera Beyene, Lidiya Zenebe Getachew, Birukti Gebreyohannes Habtezgi, Feven Negasi Abriha","doi":"10.2147/IJNRD.S454987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJNRD.S454987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication in critical patients, leading to a worse prognosis. Although its consequences are worse among critical patients, AKI is also associated with less favorable outcomes in non-critical patients. Therefore, understanding the magnitude of the problem in these patients is crucial, yet there is a scarcity of evidence in non-critical settings, especially in resource limited countries. Hence, the study aimed at determining the incidence and predictors of hospital acquired acute kidney injury (HAAKI) in non-critical medical patients who were admitted at a large tertiary hospital in Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective chart review study was conducted from September 25, 2022 to January 20, 2023 among 232 hospitalized non-critical medical patients admitted to St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College between January 2020 and January 2022. The incidence of HAAKI was estimated using incidence density per total person day (PD) observation of the study participants. To identify predictors of HAAKI, a log binomial regression model was fitted at a p value of ≤0.05. The magnitude of association was measured using adjusted relative risk (ARR) with its 95% CI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the median follow-up duration of 11 days (IQR, 6-19 days), the incidence of HAAKI was estimated to be 6.0 per 100 PD (95% CI = 5.5 to 7.2). Significant predictors of HAAKI were found to be having type 2 diabetes mellitus (ARR = 2.36, 95% CI = 1.03, 5.39, p-value=0.042), and taking vancomycin (ARR = 3.04, 95% CI = 1.38, 6.72, p-value=0.006) and proton pump inhibitors (ARR = 3.80, 95% CI = 1.34,10.82, p-value=0.012).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HAAKI is a common complication in hospitalized non-critical medical patients, and is associated with a common medical condition and commonly prescribed medications. Therefore, it is important to remain vigilant in the prevention and timely identification of these cases and to establish a system of rational prescribing habits.</p>","PeriodicalId":14181,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease","volume":"17 ","pages":"125-133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11057508/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140864512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Kidney Injury Prediction Model Using Cystatin-C, Beta-2 Microglobulin, and Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Biomarker in Sepsis Patients.","authors":"Hani Susianti, Aswoco Andyk Asmoro, Sujarwoto, Wiwi Jaya, Heri Sutanto, Amanda Yuanita Kusdijanto, Kevin Putro Kuwoyo, Kristian Hananto, Matthew Brian Khrisna","doi":"10.2147/IJNRD.S450901","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJNRD.S450901","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>AKI is a frequent complication in sepsis patients and is estimated to occur in almost half of patients with severe sepsis. However, there is currently no effective therapy for AKI in sepsis. Therefore, the therapeutic approach is focused on prevention. Based on this, there is an opportunity to examine a panel of biomarker models for predicting AKI.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study analysed the differences in Cystatin C, Beta-2 Microglobulin, and NGAL levels in sepsis patients with AKI and sepsis patients without AKI. The biomarker modelling of AKI prediction was done using machine learning, namely Orange Data Mining. In this study, 130 samples were analysed by machine learning. The parameters used to obtain the biomarker panel were 23 laboratory examination parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study used SVM and the Naïve Bayes model of machine learning. The SVM model's sensitivity, specificity, NPV, and PPV were 50%, 94.4%, 71.4%, and 87.5%, respectively. For the Naïve Bayes model, the sensitivity, specificity, NPV, and PPV were 83.3%, 77.8%, 87.5%, and 71.4%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study's SVM machine learning model has higher AUC and specificity but lower sensitivity. The Naïve Bayes model had better sensitivity; it can be used to predict AKI in sepsis patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Naïve Bayes machine learning model in this study is useful for predicting AKI in sepsis patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14181,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease","volume":"17 ","pages":"105-112"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10984190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140335605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Human-Centered Care to Address Contemporary Unmet Needs in Chronic Dialysis.","authors":"Sumedh Jayanti, Gopala K Rangan","doi":"10.2147/IJNRD.S387598","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJNRD.S387598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in the treatment of kidney failure with chronic dialysis have stagnated over the past three decades, with over 50% of patients still managed by conventional in-hospital haemodialysis. In parallel, the demands of chronic dialysis medical care have changed and evolved due to a growing population that has higher frailty and multimorbidity. Thus, the gap between the needs of kidney failure patients and the healthcare capability to provide effective overall management has widened. To address this problem, healthcare policy has increasingly aligned towards a human-centred approach. The paradigm shift of human-centred approach places patients at the forefront of decision-making processes, ensuring that specific needs are understood and prioritised. Integration of human-centred approaches with patient care has been shown to improve satisfaction and quality of life. The aim of this narrative is to evaluate the current clinical challenges for managing kidney failure for dialysis providers; summarise current experiences and unmet needs of chronic dialysis patients; and finally emphasise how human-centred care has advanced chronic dialysis care. Specific incremental advances include implementation of renal supportive care; home-assisted dialysis; hybrid dialysis; refinements to dialysis methods; whereas emerging advances include portable and wearable dialysis devices and the potential for the integration of artificial intelligence in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":14181,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease","volume":"17 ","pages":"91-104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10961023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140206823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-Transplant Glomerulonephritis: Challenges and Solutions.","authors":"Marcos Vinicius de Sousa","doi":"10.2147/IJNRD.S391779","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJNRD.S391779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glomeruli can be damaged in several conditions after kidney transplantation, with a potential impact on the graft function and survival. Primary glomerulonephritis, a group of glomerular immunological damage that results in variable histological patterns and clinical phenotypes, can occur in kidney transplant recipients as a recurrent or de novo condition. Specific immunologic conditions associated with kidney transplantation, such as acute rejection episodes, can act as an additional trigger after transplantation, impacting the incidence of these glomerulopathies. The post-transplant GN recurrence ranges from 3% to 15%, varying according to the GN subtype and post-transplant time, mainly occurring after 3-5 years of kidney transplantation. Advances in the knowledge of glomerulonephritis pathophysiology have provided new approaches to pre-transplant risk evaluation and post-transplant monitoring. Glomeruli can be affected by several systemic viral infections, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and BK virus. The diagnosis of these infections, as well as the identification of possible complications associated with them, are important to minimize the negative impacts of these conditions on kidney transplant recipients' outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14181,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease","volume":"17 ","pages":"81-90"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10944656/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140143397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Associations Between Abdominal Obesity and Coronary Artery Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease Population.","authors":"Peng-Tzu Liu, Jong-Dar Chen","doi":"10.2147/IJNRD.S446445","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJNRD.S446445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, with metabolic disorders exacerbating this risk. Compared with body mass index, waist circumference (WC) has been proposed as a more effective indicator of abnormal visceral fat. However, the associations among CKD, abnormal WC, and CVD remain understudied.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study in Taiwan (July 2006 to May 2016) involved 10,342 participants undergoing self-paid health checkups at a single medical center. Physical examinations and blood samples were taken to assess metabolic parameters, and renal function was evaluated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration formula. Coronary artery calcification (CAC) scores were determined through coronary 256-slice multidetector computed tomography angiography, with a CAC score of >0 Agatston unit (AU) and ≥ 400 AU denoting positive CAC and severe CAC, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sex-based comparisons were conducted between individuals with CKD and those without CKD. In the CKD group, both sexes exhibited significantly elevated levels for systolic blood pressure, serum fasting blood glucose (FBG), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) as well as reduced serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Examination of the associations of abnormal WC revealed that for both sexes, individuals with abdominal obesity (AO) were significantly older and had higher systolic/diastolic blood pressure, serum FBG, HbA1c, and lipid profiles compared with those without AO. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that CKD patients exhibited a more pronounced association with severe CAC scores compared with AO patients (odds ratios [ORs]: 2.7 and 1.4, respectively). Furthermore, the combined effects of AO and CKD (AO[+]/CKD[+]) resulted in increased risks of positive CAC (OR: 2.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.6-3.5) and severe CAC (OR: 4.4, 95% CI: 1.4-14.2).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Abdominal obesity significantly raised the odds of CAC and was associated to a 4.4-fold increased risk of severe CAC in CKD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14181,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease","volume":"17 ","pages":"39-45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10840527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139691785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier with the Clinical and Histological Features in Lupus Nephritis.","authors":"Huanhuan Zhu, Chen Chen, Luhan Geng, Qing Li, Chengning Zhang, Lin Wu, Bo Zhang, Suyan Duan, Changying Xing, Yanggang Yuan","doi":"10.2147/IJNRD.S443519","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJNRD.S443519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mounting evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to lupus nephritis (LN) pathogenesis. Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1 (MPC1) and mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 2 (MPC2) mediating pyruvate transport from the cytoplasm to the mitochondrial matrix, determines the cell survival and cellular energy supply. Here, we aimed to investigate the association of mitochondrial pyruvate carrier expression with the clinical and histological features in LN.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with biopsy-proven proliferative LN (class III and class IV, n=18) and membranous LN (class V, n=18) were included. Expression of MPC1 and MPC2 were examined by immunohistochemistry. MPC protein levels in the two groups were evaluated by the Student's <i>t</i>-test. Correlation analysis between MPC levels and clinicopathological features was performed by Spearman's rank correlation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both MPC1 and MPC2 were exclusively expressed in renal tubules of enrolled LN. Significantly lower MPC1 and MPC2 were observed in patients with proliferative LN compared to membranous LN. In addition, the MPC1 and MPC2 were negatively correlated with SLEDAI-2K score, renal function, and renal pathology activity index.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both MPC1 and MPC2 were localized in renal tubules, and decreased MPC content was more pronounced in proliferative LN than membranous LN. MPC levels were significantly correlated with renal functions and renal pathology activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14181,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease","volume":"17 ","pages":"29-38"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10804966/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139542166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in the Management of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Middle East and Africa Perspective.","authors":"Ahmed Fathi Elkeraie, Saeed Al-Ghamdi, Ali K Abu-Alfa, Torki Alotaibi, Ali Jasim AlSaedi, Abdulkareem AlSuwaida, Mustafa Arici, Tevfik Ecder, Mohammad Ghnaimat, Mohamed Hany Hafez, Mohamed H Hassan, Tarik Sqalli","doi":"10.2147/IJNRD.S430532","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJNRD.S430532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health concern in the Middle East and Africa (MEA) region and a leading cause of death in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension. Early initiation of sodium-glucose cotransporter - 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and proper sequencing with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi) in these patients may result in better clinical outcomes due to their cardioprotective properties and complementary mechanisms of action. In this review, we present guideline-based consensus recommendations by experts from the MEA region, as practical algorithms for screening, early detection, nephrology referral, and treatment pathways for CKD management in patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. This study will help physicians take timely and appropriate actions to provide better care to patients with CKD or those at high risk of CKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":14181,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease","volume":"17 ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10771977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139402814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Executive Function on Health-Related Quality of Life in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease","authors":"Elrika Wijaya, P. Solek, Dedi Rachmadi, Sri E Rahayuningsih, Rodman Tarigan, D. Hilmanto","doi":"10.2147/IJNRD.S428657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJNRD.S428657","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction As the highest function in the brain that regulates our daily activity, executive dysfunction might affect someone’s health-related quality of life (HRQoL), especially in those with chronic diseases, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). Neurocognitive functions, including intelligence quotient (IQ) and executive function can be affected through various mechanisms in CKD. However, there was still no specific study regarding how IQ and executive function might affect HRQoL in children with CKD. Purpose To assess Executive Function’s impact on HRQoL and to find association between treatment modalities and CKD stages with HRQoL in children with CKD. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted at Pediatric Nephrology Clinic at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia from September 2022 to April 2023. We included 38 children whose age range were 6–16 years 11 months old with CKD stage III – V. Assessment tools used were: BRIEF questionnaire for executive function; WISC III tool for IQ; PedsQLTM questionnaire generic module for HRQoL. Data was analyzed using SPSS ver. 26.0. Results Total number of samples was 38. Complete examinations were done on 30 patients. Eight other patients did not undergo the IQ test. There was a negative correlation between executive function components scores (GEC, BRI, MI) with HRQoL scores on parents’ proxy in all domains. We found no correlation between HRQoL and IQ scores, but we found a correlation between IQ and CKD stage. There was a significant difference in HRQoL from the children’s perspective among the three modalities; children who underwent conservative treatment were having the best HRQoL scores. Conclusion Interventions to improve executive function of children with CKD should be done to improve their HRQoL in the future. Early diagnosis and treatment of CKD should be done at the earliest to improve neurocognitive function and HRQoL.","PeriodicalId":14181,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease","volume":"118 11","pages":"17 - 28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139454027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Implementation of a Modified Fluid Assessment Tool to Improve the Clinical Assessment, Detection, and Management of Blood Pressure Control and Fluid Alterations Among Hemodialysis Patients.","authors":"Hussam Al Nusair, Wael Hamdan, Joy Garma, Ahmed Eid, Rafi Alnjadat, Nezam Al-Nsair, Mariezl Fonbuena, Christin Davao","doi":"10.2147/IJNRD.S440990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJNRD.S440990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fluid overload is a common complication of the care of End-stage Renal Disease patients that may lead to prolonged hospitalization and mortality. This warrants an effective and systemic approach to early recognition and management to improve patient outcomes.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the effect of a modified fluid assessment tool to improve accurate clinical assessments, detection, and management of blood pressure control and fluid alteration among hemodialysis patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, data were collected from forty-three dialysis patients who were seen and followed up from a dialysis unit of an acute care hospital during 8 weeks of standard care. A modified assessment tool was used to systematically highlight the appropriateness of the patient set dry weight using intradialytic weight gain (IWDG) and patient blood pressure. Paired sample <i>t</i>-test and repeated measure ANOVA within-group analysis were applied to compare the mean difference score for IDWG and the mean arterial pressure within the study group, respectively.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>A total of 43 patients were enrolled (mean age, 59.07) (ranges 27-88 years) (SD - 14.30); 51.16% female; 79% Emirati Nationals, with Chronic Kidney Disease. A repeated measure ANOVA analysis showed a significant difference in the mean arterial pressure within the study group based on time, over six measurements (p = 0.001). However, the difference between the pre- and post-intra-dialytic weight gain mean scores yields insignificant results (p = 0.346).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The implementation of a modified assessment tool improved blood pressure control, increased staff and physician involvement in assessing patient dry weight facilitated through fluid status evaluation, methodical assessment of dry weight, and precise fluid removal calculation, enhancing overall blood pressure and fluid management in HD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14181,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease","volume":"16 ","pages":"261-268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10723595/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138803048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Elevated Blood Eosinophils and Chronic Kidney Disease Progression: Analyses of a Large United States Electronic Health Records Database","authors":"Danuta Kielar, Andrew Jones, Xia Wang, H. Stirnadel-Farrant, Rohit Katial, Abhinav Bansal, Manu Garg, Chandrakant Sharma, Shubhankar Thakar, Qin Ye","doi":"10.2147/ijnrd.s431375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/ijnrd.s431375","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14181,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease","volume":"55 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139015943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}