International Journal of Nephrology最新文献

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Single-Centre Study of 20 Cases from India.","authors":"Ravi Raju Tatapudi,&nbsp;Venkateswara Rao Kopparti,&nbsp;Anusha Poosapati,&nbsp;Srinivas Metta,&nbsp;Atchyutha Rao Gongada,&nbsp;Balakrishna Vedulla","doi":"10.1155/2021/2243095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/2243095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The second wave of COVID-19 has spread across India causing unprecedented misery to people since March 2021. Kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are at an increased risk of severe infection. Their outcomes appear to be worse than those in the general population. There is no robust evidence or consensus to support any form of treatment protocol or modification of immunosuppression in KTRs with COVID-19. There is a need to develop effective and safe therapeutic protocols for this frail population. Remdesivir is the only approved antiviral drug in COVID-19 till now.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We describe clinical features, role of HRCT, therapeutic protocols, and mortality rate of 20 KTRs with SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Complete recovery was seen in 8 (40%) patients monitored at home. 12 (60%) patients with HRCT scores more than 8/25 were hospitalized. 11 (55%) had hypoxia, of these 8 (40%) had mild hypoxia, 1 (5%) required NIV, and 2 (10%) needed mechanical ventilation. Immunosuppression was modified in all the patients. Remdesivir and dexamethasone were administered to the hospitalized patients. 1 (5%) patient had AKI requiring RRT. 1 (5%) patient expired, and 1 still hospitalized. 10 of the hospitalized patients recovered. Out of the total 20 patients, 18 (90%) recovered completely within two weeks of infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Clinical presentation of COVID-19 in KTRs was similar to nontransplant patients. Early hospitalisation and assessing the severity by HRCT were important. Continuing tacrolimus and administering remdesivir and dexamethasone reduced the incidence of renal failure and improved survival rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":14177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nephrology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"2243095"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8570907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39597981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Reprogramming in Kidney Diseases: Evidence and Therapeutic Opportunities.","authors":"Yin Li,&nbsp;Zixin Sha,&nbsp;Hui Peng","doi":"10.1155/2021/5497346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5497346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic reprogramming originally referred to the ability of cancer cells to metabolically adapt to changes in environmental conditions to meet both energy consumption and proliferation requirements. According to recent studies, renal cells are also capable of reprogramming their metabolism after kidney injury, and these cells undergo different kinds of metabolic reprogramming in different kidney diseases. Metabolic reprogramming also plays a role in the progression and prognosis of kidney diseases. Therefore, metabolic reprogramming is not only a prominent feature but also an important contributor to the pathophysiology of kidney diseases. Here, we briefly review kidney diseases and metabolic reprogramming and discuss new ways to treat kidney diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":14177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nephrology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"5497346"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8560294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39855412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Renoprotective Effects of Our Locally Grown Green Coffee Beans against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Swiss Albino Mice.","authors":"Bati Leta,&nbsp;Chala Kenenisa,&nbsp;Tesaka Wondimnew,&nbsp;Tariku Sime","doi":"10.1155/2021/2805068","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2021/2805068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nephrotoxicity is the most common and severe side effect of cisplatin. Cisplatin causes nephrotoxicity through free radical production and debilitating cellular antioxidant capacity. Coffee is a commonly consumed drink and its ingredients have antioxidant roles that could bring benefits to patients affected by nephrotoxicity. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the renoprotective effects of our locally grown green coffee beans against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in Swiss albino mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The posttest only control group design was employed on a total of thirty male Swiss albino mice. The mice were divided into five groups: group I (normal control group) received distilled water; group II (negative control group) received distilled water; and groups III-V (treatment groups) received 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg BW/day of green coffee bean extract for 14 days, respectively. Nephrotoxicity was induced in groups II-V by a single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (7.5 mg/kg). All mice were sacrificed after 14 days and blood was drawn to evaluate kidney function tests (serum creatinine and serum blood urea nitrogen). Besides, body weight, relative kidney weight, and kidney histopathology were investigated.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Our results showed that treatment of cisplatin alone (group II mice) significantly increased serum creatinine, serum blood urea nitrogen, relative kidney weight, and pathological damage to the kidney with a decrease in final body weight. However, low-dose green coffee beans (group III), medium-dose green coffee beans (group IV), and high-dose green coffee beans (group V) mice showed a significant dose-dependent decrease in serum creatinine, serum blood urea nitrogen, and relative kidney weight. Furthermore, the dose-dependent treatment with green coffee bean extract prevented the decrease in body weight gain and pathological damage to the kidney in mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our locally grown green coffee beans brought a dose-dependent ameliorative effect and a promising preventive approach against cisplatin-induced kidney damage in mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":14177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nephrology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"2805068"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8526242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39539009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I and Class II in End-Stage Renal Disease Occurrence in Indonesian Transplantation Patients.","authors":"Hani Susianti,&nbsp;Dwi Priyadi Djatmiko,&nbsp;I Komang Adi Widana,&nbsp;Deasy Ayuningtyas Tandio,&nbsp;Catur Suci Sutrisnani,&nbsp;Singgih Pudjo Wahono,&nbsp;Ira Puspitawati","doi":"10.1155/2021/4219822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/4219822","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Genetic studies of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), including those of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes, have been reported in several populations but have not yet been evaluated in Indonesia. Some studies have reported that these genes had a substantial role in ESRD. This study aims to analyze the association between HLA genes and ESRD within the Indonesian community.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A retrospective study to investigate HLA class I and II alleles to find out the distribution of HLA-A, -B, -C, -DPB1, -DQB1, and -DRB1 in renal transplant recipients and to ascertain their role in susceptibility to ESRD was performed on totally 149 subjects, consisting of 69 ESRD patients and 80 healthy controls. HLA typing was determined using Luminex techniques. The allele and haplotype frequencies were compared between ESRD patients and controls.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>High-frequency alleles were HLA-A<i>∗</i>24 (43.6%), B<i>∗</i>15 (38.2%), C<i>∗</i>08 (30.8%), DRB1<i>∗</i>12 (47.3%), DQB1<i>∗</i>03 (50.6%), and DPB1<i>∗</i>13 (22.5%). HLA-A<i>∗</i>24 (<i>p</i>=0.01) and HLA-B<i>∗</i>35 (<i>p</i>=0.02) were associated with a protective effect, with OR 0.537 (95%CI 0.34-0.86) and 0.316 (95%CI 0.11-0.88), respectively. There were some two-locus haplotypes associated with susceptibility to ESRD, such as B<i>∗</i>15-DRB1<i>∗</i>12, B<i>∗</i>13-DRB1<i>∗</i>15, A<i>∗</i>02-B<i>∗</i>15, A<i>∗</i>02-C<i>∗</i>08, and B<i>∗</i>13-DQB1<i>∗</i>05. HLA-A<i>∗</i>02-B<i>∗</i>15-DRB1<i>∗</i>12 and A<i>∗</i>24-B<i>∗</i>13-DRB1<i>∗</i>15 appear to be associated with susceptibility to ESRD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The allele groups of HLA-A<i>∗</i>24 and HLA-B<i>∗</i>35 are associated with protection from ESRD. Meanwhile, HLA-B<i>∗</i>13-DRB1<i>∗</i>15 and A<i>∗</i>24-B<i>∗</i>13-DRB1<i>∗</i>15 are the most frequent HLAs associated with ESRD in two-locus and three-locus haplotype, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":14177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nephrology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"4219822"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8523260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39538278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Infection Clinical Profile, Management, Outcome, and Antibody Response in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Single Centre Experience.","authors":"Sanjiv Jasuja, Gaurav Sagar, Anupam Bahl, Shalini Verma","doi":"10.1155/2021/3129411","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2021/3129411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Experience of COVID-19 in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) with clinical presentation, management, factors influencing mortality, and antibody response is limited. <i>Material and Methods</i>. A retrospective data of COVID-19 in KTRs was collected and analyzed. The mortality rate, risk factors, and antibody response were primary objectives, while the clinical presentation, laboratory indicators, and pharmacological management were secondary objectives.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 67 KTRs with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed COVID-19 infection reported between 1 May 2020 and 31 December 2020; 61.2% of patients were hospitalized; and 20.9% needed ventilation. The overall mortality was 26.9%, while blood group A had 50% mortality. The treatment options and used were steroids (100%), convalescent plasma (32.8%), ivermectin (58.2%), doxycycline (55.2%), remdesivir (34.3%), tocilizumab (10.4%), antibiotics (61.2%), anti-fungals (26.9%), low molecular weight heparin (45.3%), and oral anti-coagulants (26.9%). Anti-nucleosides (mycophenolate or azathioprine) were discontinued in 76.1% and calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) in 26.9%. Significant mortality (<i>p</i> < 0.001) was observed in patients presenting with SpO₂ <94 needing ICU care, ventilation, dialysis/acute kidney injury (AKI), and empirical therapies like convalescent plasma and remdesivir. The age of survivors versus nonsurvivors was not significantly different (<i>p</i>=0.02). The positive blood culture, low serum albumin, high TLC, high blood urea, interleukin-6, and CT severity score ≥15 were statistically significant in nonsurvivors. Overall mortality, mortality of hospitalized patients, and mortality of ventilated patients was 27%, 44%, and 100%, respectively. The median value of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) IgG antibody was 68.60 (IQR, 28.5-94.25) AU/ml in more than 90% of survivors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>KTRs with COVID-19, needing ICU care, dialysis and ventilation support had poor outcomes. Recovered patients mounted adequate antibody response.</p>","PeriodicalId":14177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nephrology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"3129411"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8490065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39491945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relation of Wnt Signaling Pathway Inhibitors (Sclerostin and Dickkopf-1) to Left Ventricular Mass Index in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients.","authors":"Ahmed Bahie,&nbsp;Mohamed M Abdalbary,&nbsp;Dalia Younis El-Sayed,&nbsp;Rasha Elzehery,&nbsp;Ghada El-Said,&nbsp;Ghada El-Kannishy,&nbsp;Ahmed M Abd El Wahab","doi":"10.1155/2021/2439868","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2021/2439868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is common in hemodialysis (HD) patients. It predicts poor prognosis. Several inhibitors regulate Wnt canonical pathways like Dickkopf-related protein-1 (Dkk-1) and sclerostin.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the relationship between serum sclerostin, Dkk-1, left ventricular mass (LVM), and LVM index (LVMI) in HD patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study including 65 HD patients in our HD unit. Patients were divided into two groups according to LVMI (group 1 with LVMI < 125 gm/m² (<i>N</i> = 29) and group 2 with LVMI > 125 gm/m² (<i>N</i> = 36)). Echocardiographic evaluation of the LVM, aortic, and mitral valves calcification (AVC and MVC) was done. Serum levels of sclerostin and Dkk-1 and patients' clinical and biochemical data were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group 2 showed significantly higher age, blood pressure, AVC, and MVC and significantly lower hemoglobin, sclerostin, and Dkk-1 levels. LVM and LVMI had a significant linear negative correlation to both serum sclerostin and Dkk-1 (<i>r</i> = -0.329 and -0.257, <i>P</i>=0.01 and 0.046 for LVM; <i>r</i> = -0.427 and -0.324, <i>P</i>=0.001 and 0.012 for LVMI, resp.). Serum Dkk-1 was an independent negative indicator for LVM and LVMI in multiple regression analyses (<i>P</i>=0.003 and 0.041 with 95% CI = -0.963 to -0.204 and -0.478 to -0.010, resp.).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum sclerostin and Dkk-1 were significantly lower in HD patients with increased LVMI > 125 gm/m², and both had a significant linear negative correlation with LVM and LVMI. Dkk-1 was a significant negative independent indicator for LVM and LVMI in HD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nephrology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"2439868"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8483936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39483682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total Body Sodium Balance in Chronic Kidney Disease.","authors":"Kylie Martin,&nbsp;Sven-Jean Tan,&nbsp;Nigel D Toussaint","doi":"10.1155/2021/7562357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/7562357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Excess sodium intake is a leading but modifiable risk factor for mortality, with implications on hypertension, inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). This review will focus mainly on the limitations of current measurement methods of sodium balance particularly in patients with CKD who have complex sodium physiology. The suboptimal accuracy of sodium intake and excretion measurement is seemingly more marked with the evolving understanding of tissue (skin and muscle) sodium. Tissue sodium represents an extrarenal influence on sodium homeostasis with demonstrated clinical associations of hypertension and inflammation. Measurement of tissue sodium has been largely unexplored in patients with CKD. Development and adoption of more comprehensive and dynamic assessment of body sodium balance is needed to better understand sodium physiology in the human body and explore therapeutic strategies to improve the clinical outcomes in the CKD population.</p>","PeriodicalId":14177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nephrology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"7562357"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8481067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39483683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of Creatinine-Based Estimates of the Glomerular Filtration Rate Equation from ^99mTc-DTPA Imaging in the Malaysian Setting.","authors":"Azrina Md Ralib,&nbsp;Farah Nadia Mohd Hanafiah,&nbsp;Iqbalmunawwir Abd Rashid,&nbsp;Mohamad Shahrir Abd Rahim,&nbsp;Fatimah Dzaharudin,&nbsp;Mohd Basri Mat Nor","doi":"10.1155/2021/3465472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/3465472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Accurate assessment of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is very important for diagnostic and therapeutic intervention. Clinically, GFR is estimated from plasma creatinine using equations such as Cockcroft-Gault, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease, and Chronic Kidney Disease-Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equations. However, these were developed in the Western population. To the best of our knowledge, there was no equation that has been developed specifically in our population.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We developed a new equation based on the gold standard of ^99mTc-DTPA imaging measured GFR. We then performed an internal validation by comparing the bias, precision, and accuracy of the new equation and the other equations with the gold standard of ^99mTc-DTPA imaging measured GFR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study using the existing record of patients who were referred for ^99mTc-DTPA imaging at the Nuclear Medicine Centre, International Islamic University Malaysia. As this is a retrospective study utilising routinely collected data from the existing pool of data, the ethical committee has waived the need for informed consent.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data of 187 patients were analysed from January 2016 to March 2021. Of these, 94 were randomised to the development cohort and 93 to the validation cohort. A new equation of eGFR was determined as 16.637 ∗ 0.9935^Age ∗ (SCr/23.473)^-0.45159. In the validation cohort, both CKD-EPI and the new equation had the highest correlation to ^99mTc-DTPA with a correlation coefficient of 0.81 (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). However, the new equation had the least bias and was the most precise (mean bias of -3.58 ± 12.01) and accurate (P30 of 64.5% and P50 of 84.9%) compared to the other equations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The new equation which was developed specifically using our local data population was the most accurate and precise, with less bias compared to the other equations. Further study validating this equation in the perioperative and intensive care patients is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":14177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nephrology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"3465472"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8443382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39430531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lived Experiences of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Receiving Hemodialysis in Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.","authors":"Hailemariam Tadesse,&nbsp;Hordofa Gutema,&nbsp;Yosef Wasihun,&nbsp;Samuel Dagne,&nbsp;Yonatan Menber,&nbsp;Pammela Petrucka,&nbsp;Netsanet Fentahun","doi":"10.1155/2021/6637272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6637272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Chronic kidney disease is a challenging disease and global public health problem. The burden of chronic kidney disease and hemodialysis is increasing in Ethiopia, but few studies explored the lived experiences of chronic kidney disease patients receiving hemodialysis. This study explored the lived experiences of chronic kidney disease patients receiving hemodialysis, in the Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A phenomenological study design was conducted with 12 chronic kidney disease patients receiving hemodialysis between September 1 and October 30, 2019. A purposive sampling technique was used to select participants, and a semistructured in-depth interview guide was used to collect the data. The investigators audio-taped the interviews and then transcribed them verbatim. Finally, the transcribed data were imported to Atlas.ti™-7 software for coding, and then, thematic analysis was done. Transferability, dependability, credibility, and conformability were embedded to ensure data quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, six major themes were emerged: (1) the seriousness of the disease, (2) challenges to get hemodialysis, (3) financial constraint, (4) restricted life, (5) feeling of dependency, and (6) psychological impacts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The restrictive nature of the disease affects a participant's financial status which makes it challenging to obtain the service and increases feelings of dependency. These circumstances impact the psychology of the participants. We would recommend that every patient with hemodialysis needs social and psychological support. We would also recommend the need to extend the study to other areas of the country to confirm or disconfirm the findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":14177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nephrology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"6637272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8410445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39386443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Living Kidney Donor Candidates and Living Kidney Recipient Candidates with JC Polyomavirus and BK Polyomavirus Viruria.","authors":"Sara Querido,&nbsp;Carolina Ormonde,&nbsp;Teresa Adragão,&nbsp;Inês Costa,&nbsp;Maria Ana Pessanha,&nbsp;Perpétua Gomes,&nbsp;André Weigert","doi":"10.1155/2021/8010144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8010144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Recent data have emerged about a protective association between JCV viruria and chronic kidney disease (CKD). <i>Material and Methods</i>. Single-center retrospective cohort study; 230 living kidney donors (LKD) candidates and 59 potential living kidney receptors (LKR) were enrolled. Plasma and urinary JCV and BKV viral loads were measured in all LKD candidates and in nonanuric LKR candidates. Twenty-six living kidney transplant surgeries were performed. LKR were followed in order to evaluate BKV and JCV viremia and urinary viral shedding after KT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In LKD candidates, JCV viruria was negatively associated with proteinuria of >200 mg/24 hours (JC viruric LKD: 12.5% vs JCV nonviruric LKD: 26.7%, <i>p</i>=0.021, OR:0.393; 95% CI: 0.181-0.854). In a multivariate analysis, LKD candidates with JCV viruria had a lower risk of proteinuria of >200 mg/24 hours (<i>p</i>=0.009, OR: 0.342, 95% CI: 0.153-0.764), in a model adjusted for age, gender, presence of hypertension, and eGFR <80 mL/min. Prevalence of JCV viruria was higher in LKD candidates when compared with LKR candidates (40.0% vs 1.7%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Among the 26 LKR, 14 (53.8%) KT patients evolved with JCV viruria; 71.4% received a graft from a JCV viruric donor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data corroborate the recent findings of an eventual protective association between JCV viruria and kidney disease, and we extrapolated this concept to a South European population.</p>","PeriodicalId":14177,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Nephrology","volume":"2021 ","pages":"8010144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8397544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39380582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}