International journal of exercise science最新文献

{"title":"Muscle Damage and Immune-Endocrine Responses in 20-km Walking Race.","authors":"Bruno M Fidelis, Julio C Correa Molina, Martim G Weber, Eduardo C F Tonani, Matheus G Gois, Solange DE Paula Ramos","doi":"10.70252/PWWR3298","DOIUrl":"10.70252/PWWR3298","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of the study was to monitor exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), inflammatory responses (IL-6, TNFα, and IL-10), and immune-endocrine balance (testosterone, cortisol, and salivary SIgA) in official 20 km walking race competitions. Eight 20 km professional walking racers (<i>n</i> = 6 women), 27 ± 9 years, underwent blood and saliva sampling, evaluation of delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), and squat (SJ) and countermovement (CMJ) jump tests 2 h before (Pre), immediately after (Post), and 24 and 48 h after the competition. The rate of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded 20 minutes after the race ended. The race evoked high competitive load (948.3 ± 268.0 a.u.), increased creatine kinase levels at 24 h (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and DOMS at 48 h (<i>p</i> < 0.05), but no significant changes in SJ and CMJ after the race. No significant changes in cytokines were detected. No changes in salivary SIgA secretion rate and inflammatory cytokines were detected (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The race induced increased testosterone (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and cortisol (<i>p</i> < 0.01) levels immediately after the race. Despite the high competitive load, 20-km walking racer athletes presented mild EIMD without impairment in immune-endocrine markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":14171,"journal":{"name":"International journal of exercise science","volume":"17 7","pages":"1167-1182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11385297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the Buzz: Do Energy Drinks Offer More Than Caffeine for Mental and Physical Tasks?","authors":"Flavia Pereira, Cassandra Evans, Jose Rojas, Jason Curtis, Alyana Andal, Hena Thakkar, Robert Rocanelli, Cesar Castillo Rodriguez, Juan Carlos Santana, Lia Jiannine, Jose Antonio","doi":"10.70252/UIEC6951","DOIUrl":"10.70252/UIEC6951","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Energy drinks are marketed for enhancing mental and physical performance, often containing ingredients beyond caffeine. This study investigated whether an energy drink (ED), Gorilla Mind, exerted greater effects on sustained attention, mood, handgrip strength, and push-up performance than a caffeine-matched control drink (CAF) in exercise-trained individuals (n = 21, age: 22 ± 5.9 years). In a randomized, counterbalanced, crossover design, participants first completed tests assessing mood (Profile of Mood States; POMS), sustained attention (Psychomotor Vigilance Test; PVT), handgrip strength (HG), and 1-minute maximum push-up performance (PU). They then consumed either an ED or CAF drink (200mg caffeine) in a randomized order. After 45 minutes, the tests were repeated. Following a 1-week washout period, participants returned to consume the other drink and completed the same protocol. While the ED group improved reaction time (PVT), the Delta score between ED and CAF was not statistically significant (p = 0.3391). No significant differences were found between ED and CAF groups for other measures (POMS: p = 0.152, HG: p = 0.499, PU: p = 0.209). These findings suggest that the additional ingredients in the ED may not offer substantial benefits beyond caffeine for these measures in active individuals. It is important to note that the caffeine dose was, on average, less than 3.0 mg/kg body mass, which may have influenced the outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14171,"journal":{"name":"International journal of exercise science","volume":"17 1","pages":"1208-1218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11385283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prevalence of Stress Fractures and the Associated LEAF-Q Responses, Self-Reported Exercise Volume and Dietary Behaviors in Female Recreational Runners.","authors":"Malorie Wilwand, Kelly Pritchett, Marissa Miles, Robert Pritchett, Abigail Larson","doi":"10.70252/CQDN3473","DOIUrl":"10.70252/CQDN3473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous research suggests a high prevalence of low energy availability (LEA) and stress fractures (SF) among competitive female endurance athletes. However, much less is known about these issues among recreational female runners. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and number of self-reported SF and risk of LEA among noncompetitive, recreationally active female runners, aged 18 - 25 years. Additionally, it compared characteristics between females with a history of multiple SF vs. one or no SF, and between those 'at risk' vs. 'not at risk' of LEA. Female recreational runners (n=485) completed an online survey that included the Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire (LEAF-Q) and the Disordered Eating Screening Assessment (DESA-6). Thirty-three percent of participants reported ≥ 2 SF. Eighty-two percent of the ≥ 2 SF group were classified as 'at risk' of LEA (LEAF-Q score ≥ 8). In addition, ≥ 2 SF was associated with higher total LEAF-Q score, self-reported intentional food restriction for weight loss, and self-reported current eating disorder while weekly exercise duration was inversely associated with ≥ 2 SF. In conclusion, one-third of participants had multiple SF with a majority (82%) of this group classified as 'at risk' of LEA. Screening tools such as the LEAF-Q and DESA-6 are useful tools to identify characteristics associated with multiple SF in this demographic, especially questions regarding food restriction and the presence of a current or previous eating disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":14171,"journal":{"name":"International journal of exercise science","volume":"17 2","pages":"1092-1104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11385279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Friend Social Network Size Moderates the Association Between Age and Physical Activity Across Adulthood.","authors":"Ashley Kuzmik, Yin Liu, Yendelela Cuffee, Lan Kong, Christopher N Sciamanna, Liza S Rovniak","doi":"10.70252/UIET7593","DOIUrl":"10.70252/UIET7593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Both physical activity and social network size decline as people age. However, limited research has examined if social network size and contact frequency differentially influence physical activity across the adult lifespan. This study aimed to assess if these social network characteristics moderated the relationship between age and physical activity level across adulthood. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the main-effect association between age, past-week physical activity, and past-year physical activity, as well as the moderating effect of social network characteristics (i.e., friend network size, friend contact frequency, relative network size, and relative contact frequency) on age-physical activity associations. The results revealed that friend network size had moderated associations between age and past-week physical activity (β = -7.03; <i>p</i> = .025, f² = 0.13) and past-year physical activity (β = -585.52; <i>p</i> = .017, f² = 0.15). Specifically, adults who were older and had smaller friend networks performed more minutes of moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) over the past week and past year; on the other hand, adults who were younger and had larger friend networks performed more minutes of MVPA over the past week and past year. Relative network size, friend contact frequency, and relative contact frequency did not moderate the relationship between age and past-week physical activity and past-year physical activity. These findings suggested that building friend networks throughout adulthood may help promote active living across the adult lifespan.</p>","PeriodicalId":14171,"journal":{"name":"International journal of exercise science","volume":"17 5","pages":"1068-1082"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11385292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability of the Instrumented Modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance Using a Virtual Balance Device.","authors":"Sonia N Young, Elizabeth S Norris, Thomas B Shifflett, Daniel B Nisbet, Brady E Saunders, Caleb Z Driver","doi":"10.70252/AMXQ4966","DOIUrl":"10.70252/AMXQ4966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the test-retest reliability of the instrumented version of the modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance (i-mCTSIB) using the VirtuSense VirtuBalance System™ (VSTBalance), a virtual balance device, in healthy young adults. Fifty-four subjects aged 20-27 years (Mean age 23.07, SD ± 1.6), participated in the study. A one-group design was utilized. Three trials of the i-mCTSIB were performed on two separate days to measure the mean sway velocity of the trunk under four conditions. Within-day reliability of trials 1-3 was estimated with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC_3,1) and between-day reliability was estimated using the averages of trials 1-3 on day 1 and day 2 (ICC_3,3). Within-day reliability was moderate on day 1 (ICC = 0.511-0.672) and day 2 (ICC = 0.539 -0.677). Between-day reliability was moderate to good (ICC = 0.705-0.810). The lower bounds of the confidence intervals of within-day reliability estimates were 0.341-0.548, while the lower bounds of the confidence interval for the between-day reliability estimates were 0.390-0.671. Reliability of the VSTBalance for balance assessment using the i-mCTSIB test is moderate to good. Between-day reliability was higher than within-day reliability. When using the VSTBalance to assess balance with the i-mCTSIB, clinicians should provide practice of each condition contained in the test to improve reliability. The higher between-day reliability as compared to within-day reliability suggests that clinicians should use the averages of three trials when assessing balance performance change across time for each condition of the i-mCTSIB test when assessing balance using the VSTBalance.</p>","PeriodicalId":14171,"journal":{"name":"International journal of exercise science","volume":"17 1","pages":"1183-1192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11385286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Surrogate Markers of Cardiorespiratory Fitness Predict Individual Changes in VO_2peak? A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"John R M Renwick, Nicholas Preobrazenski, Michael D Giudice, Brendon J Gurd","doi":"10.70252/PVYG1833","DOIUrl":"10.70252/PVYG1833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of the current study was to test the hypothesis that individual response classification for surrogate markers of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) will agree with response classification for VO_2peak. Surrogate markers of CRF were time to fatigue on treadmill test (TTF), time trial performance (3kTT), resting heart rate (RHR), submaximal heart rate (SubmaxHR), and submaximal ratings of perceived exertion (SubmaxRPE). Twenty-five participants were randomized into a high-intensity interval training (HIIT: <i>n</i> = 14) group or non-exercise control group (CTL: <i>n</i> = 11). Training consisted of four weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) - 4x4 minute intervals at 90-95% HR_max 3 times per week. We observed poor agreement between response classification for VO_2peak and surrogate markers (agreement < 60% for all outcomes). Although surrogate markers and VO_2peak correlated at the pre- and post-intervention time points, change scores for VO_2peak were not correlated with changes in surrogate markers of CRF. Interestingly, a significant relationship (<i>r</i> ² = 0.36, <i>p</i> = 0.02) was observed when comparing improvements in estimated training performance (VO₂) and change in VO_2peak. Contrary to our hypothesis, we observed poor classification agreement and non-significant correlations for changes scores of VO_2peak and surrogate markers of CRF. Our results suggest that individuals concerned with their VO_2peak response seek direct measurements of VO₂.</p>","PeriodicalId":14171,"journal":{"name":"International journal of exercise science","volume":"17 4","pages":"1134-1154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11385293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Remote Versus In-Person Training on Metabolic Profiles and Body Composition of Physically Inactive Adults: Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Jhonatan C Peña, William F Martin, Luis A Cardozo, John Fredy Rodriguez, Cristian Peña, Luisa F Cardenas, Luis A Tellez","doi":"10.70252/CHLS5341","DOIUrl":"10.70252/CHLS5341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has pushed the population to adopt increasingly sedentary lifestyles. Faced with this problem, remote training appears as a practical and inexpensive strategy to promote physically active lifestyles. The aim of this research was to compare the effects of remote versus in-person training on metabolic profiles and body composition of physically inactive adults. This research was conducted through a randomized, single-blind clinical trial with balanced block randomization. The sample consisted of 30 physically inactive subjects of both sexes between 18 and 30 years of age. The sample was selected using a voluntary public call. The 30 subjects were randomized into three groups of 10 people each. One group trained for 36 sessions remotely, and the other did so in person. The control group did not have a training plan. The variables evaluated pre- and post-intervention were body composition by bioimpedance, grip strength through dynamometry, primary outcome, and metabolic profile assessed from a capillary sample using the CARDIOCHEK equipment. In the remote training group, significant gains were evident in the variables of weight (<i>p</i> = 0.042, <i>d</i> = 1.119), muscle percentage (<i>p</i> = 0.032, <i>d</i> = 0.499), and fat percentage (<i>p</i> = 0.001, <i>d</i> = 1.132), visceral fat (<i>p</i> = 0.032, <i>d</i> = 0.424), total cholesterol (<i>p</i> = 0.001, <i>d</i> = 1.213), HDL (<i>p</i> = 0.001, <i>d</i> = 0.534), LDL (<i>p</i> = 0.001, <i>d</i> = 0.973), triglycerides (<i>p</i> = 0.001, <i>d</i> = 0.583), and grip strength (<i>p</i> = 0.001, <i>d</i> = 1.201). When comparing the effects between the remote and in-person training groups, it is evident that the improvements were similar in all variables, except for glucose, in which the in-person group had a greater value reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":14171,"journal":{"name":"International journal of exercise science","volume":"17 4","pages":"1016-1025"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11382774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Load Mass and Distribution on Heart Rate, Perceived Exertion, and Accelerometer Measured Physical Activity During Running.","authors":"Sean Hagstrom, Scott A Conger, Jeremy A Steeves","doi":"10.70252/CVKT2704","DOIUrl":"10.70252/CVKT2704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many tactical athletes (military and emergency personnel) have fixed load carriage occupational requirements. Understanding the effects of running with common military \"fighting loads\" (no load to approximately 18 kg) on heart rate (HR), perceived exertion (RPE), and measuring it with accelerometers has implications for training and ensuring physical readiness of recruits. Eleven (7 male and 4 female) civilians (21.5±2.3 years, 1.83±0.09 m, and 80.7±18.5 kg) completed four, 5- minute running (8.05 kph) conditions: no external load, rifle carriage (3.5 kg), pack carriage (13.6 kg), and rifle/pack carriage (17.1 kg) in random order, while HR, RPE, and hip worn ActiGraph accelerometer step cadence, and activity counts per minute (CPM) were collected. One way 4-level analysis of variance or Friedman test explored the condition main effect on HR, RPE, step cadence, and CPM. Pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni correction determined which conditions differed from each other. HR and RPE significantly differed (p < 0.001) by load condition. No external load had the lowest HR and RPE (HR=141.8 bpm, RPE=9.4), while rifle/pack carriage had the highest (HR=160 bpm, RPE=14.8). However, rifle carriage (HR=153.7 bpm, RPE=12.3) elicited similar physiological responses as pack carriage (HR=155.0 bpm, RPE=13.6). Step cadence was equal across conditions, but CPM decreased as loads increased. Because a lighter load carried in the hands caused similar HR and RPE response to wearing a heavier pack, recruits should practice both in preparation for military or tactical occupations. Accelerometers may be used to assess step cadence, but not the increased physiological demands of external load conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14171,"journal":{"name":"International journal of exercise science","volume":"17 4","pages":"929-940"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11382777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perception of Running Shoe Cushioning: Determining the Correspondence between Subjective Assessment and In-vitro Measurement.","authors":"Bahador Keshvari, Juergen Mitternacht, Nick Schubert, Veit Senner","doi":"10.70252/KKCC7055","DOIUrl":"10.70252/KKCC7055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Running shoes, and in particular insoles, are the first interface between runners and running surface. Different insole attenuation properties may vary perception of cushioning and, accordingly, the effect on muscle adaptation. The aim of this study is to find the just noticeable difference between four insole materials, and investigate the parameters of in-vitro measurement of impact testing to predict cushioning comfort. Nineteen (n = 19) male participants were recruited from the sports center at the Technical University of Munich with a mean age of 23.89 (SD = 2.31), weight of 73.52 kg (SD =3.08), and height 178.84 cm (SD =2.81). Four insole samples, one with the highest peak acceleration (EPDM =17.9g), one with the lowest (S.Tk = 8.3g) and the two materials with middle range magnitudes (IP.GL= 11.5g and S.Tn = 12.2g), were selected to use in the subjective measurement. We used the impact testing method to evaluate the in-vitro physical properties of insoles in running shoes. In addition, two parameters of peak acceleration were measured as follows: Jolt α was calculated at a slope of between 5-20 % of inertial impact force and Jolt β was calculated at a slope of between 0-88 Newtons of inertial impact force. Participants performed six pairwise comparison tests with shoes which were equipped with one of the four insoles in a random order. A minimum 6% increase in cushioning properties, notably between 11.5g (S.Tn) and 12.2g (IP.Gl), was discerned through the paired tests. In simpler terms, participants were able to detect a mere 0.7g as the just noticeable difference. In addition, our findings revealed that an increase of Jolt α and Jolt β resulted in a reduction in perception of comfort. There was a negative and significant correlation between Jolt α and perceived cushioning and, similarly, between Jolt β and perceived cushioning r (10) = -0.93, p = 0.00001. No correlation was found between peak acceleration and cushioning comfort (p = 0.1). These discoveries may facilitate a better understanding of how human adaptation can occur with different cushioning.</p>","PeriodicalId":14171,"journal":{"name":"International journal of exercise science","volume":"17 1","pages":"902-915"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11382782/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variables Associated with the Effectiveness of Ball Possession in At-Home Futsal Matches.","authors":"Márcio A Rinaldo, Edirley G DE Souza, Karina A Silva, Bruno M Fidelis, Tarlyson R DE Angelis, Paulo C Cardoso, Vinícius F Milanez, Solange DE Paula Ramos","doi":"10.70252/GNUR9153","DOIUrl":"10.70252/GNUR9153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to identify contextual situations (score, game time, the interaction between teammates and opponents, start and restart plays) that increase the odds ratio of maintenance of ball possession and scoring a goal. Twenty professional futsal players were evaluated in seven home official matches. The games were filmed to analyze the offensive actions. In total, 828 attacking plays were analyzed. The absence of defensive pressure from the opponent resulted in a greater odds ratio (OR) for loss of ball possession (OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.7 to 2.2), but also increased total effectiveness (OR = 6.5; 95%CI = 2.2 to 19.5). The received fouls did not increase the total effectiveness (OR = 0.2; 95%CI = 0.01 to 4.2; <i>p</i> = 0.40). The court regions close to the opponent's goal area and areas where there was less defensive pressure had a higher frequency of goals (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The results demonstrated that shooting close to opponents' areas and having no defensive pressure were the situations with increased odds of goal-scoring. Maintaining ball possession per se did not increase the OR of goal scoring, however situations when shootings were performed with low defensive pressure could increase chances of goal scoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":14171,"journal":{"name":"International journal of exercise science","volume":"17 6","pages":"916-928"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11382775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}