International Journal of Molecular Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Diosmin Attenuates PTSD-like Behaviors and Hippocampal Astrocyte Alterations with Reduced STAT1 and CXCL9 Expression in an SPS&S Mouse Model.","authors":"Xinchao Zhang, Mengjie Ren, Anke Xu, Jintian Liu, Dongran Liang, Fang Kuang, Mingmei Wu","doi":"10.3390/ijms27209342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27209342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diosmin is a citrus-derived flavone glycoside with anti-inflammatory activity in preclinical models. This study aimed to investigate the effects of diosmin on PTSD-like behaviors, astrocyte morphology, and the expression of STAT1 and CXCL9 in a single prolonged stress and shock (SPS&S) mouse model, and to assess whether <i>Stat1</i> knockdown could mimic diosmin's effects in primary astrocytes. Male C57BL/6J mice were assigned to the control, SPS&S, and SPS&S + diosmin groups and underwent 14 days of treatment. Behavioral assessments included open-field and elevated plus-maze tests, alongside cue- and context-associated fear tests, complemented by GFAP-based morphometry, immunofluorescence, Western blotting, serum cytokine assays, hippocampal RNA sequencing, and quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). The results indicated that diosmin significantly enhanced exploratory behavior and reduced fear responses compared to SPS&S alone, alongside notable alterations in hippocampal astrocyte morphology and a shift in cytokine profiles, with decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased anti-inflammatory markers. RNA sequencing revealed 297 differentially expressed genes, particularly highlighting the roles of <i>Stat1</i> and <i>Cxcl9,</i> both of which were significantly downregulated upon diosmin treatment. Furthermore, diosmin modulated astrocyte responses to inflammatory stimuli in primary cultures. These findings suggest that diosmin exerts protective effects against PTSD-like symptoms by regulating astrocytic function and immune-related pathways, with STAT1 signaling serving as a key but non-exclusive downstream mechanism underlying its therapeutic actions. Future studies should further elucidate the full spectrum of associated pathways to advance the development of targeted interventions for PTSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":14156,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","volume":"27 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149267172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial C1-FDX Depletion Perturbs ROS Homeostasis and Iron Metabolism in Arabidopsis.","authors":"Manna Huang, Kexin Zhang, Tingting Wang, Peiyi Li, Yue Xin, Baoyin Chen","doi":"10.3390/ijms27209349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27209349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitochondrial complex I (CI) is a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plant cells, and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster proteins are critical for maintaining CI structure and electron transport. C1-FDX, a mitochondrion-localized ferredoxin containing a [2Fe-2S] cluster, acts as a structural component and assembly factor of mitochondrial CI and complex V (CV) in Arabidopsis. In this study, we further characterized the physiological and molecular functions of C1-FDX in regulating ROS production, NADH/NAD⁺ homeostasis, and iron metabolism. Histochemical staining demonstrated that loss of function of C1-FDX in Arabidopsis <i>c1-fdx</i> mutants accumulated excessive superoxide anions (O₂^•-) but exhibited reduced hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) relative to the wild type (WT). Biochemical assays further confirmed that there was an elevated NADH/NAD⁺ ratio in mutant seedlings, which facilitated O₂^•- overproduction at mitochondrial CI. Loss of C1-FDX also led to Fe³⁺ accumulation in mutant tissues. Immunoblot and qRT-PCR results showed that the abundance of MnSOD markedly increased, while other antioxidant proteins, including FeSOD, CAT1, and GR, were downregulated in <i>c1-fdx</i> mutants of Arabidopsis. The enhanced MnSOD activity accelerated the conversion of O₂^•- into H₂O₂, and the subsequently accumulated Fe³⁺ may be derived from the Fenton reaction, which consumes H₂O₂, ultimately resulting in decreased H₂O₂ levels. Additionally, deficiency of C1-FDX disturbed the abundance of mitochondrial chaperones, proteases, and alternative respiratory pathway proteins. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that C1-FDX participates in the regulation of mitochondrial ROS balance and iron homeostasis and suggest there is a novel regulatory link between ferredoxin, the electron transport chain, and the Fenton reaction in plant mitochondria.</p>","PeriodicalId":14156,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","volume":"27 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149267238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracellular Vesicles from Buccal Fat Pad-Derived Dedifferentiated Fat Cells Modulate Inflammatory Macrophage Responses and Attenuate Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis.","authors":"Hayato Oku, Yusuke Nishiguchi, Tomofumi Yamamoto, Jun-Ichiro Jo, Yoshiya Hashimoto, Hirohito Kubo, Toshihiko Takenobu","doi":"10.3390/ijms27209389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27209389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) involves inflammation and degeneration of mandibular condylar cartilage and subchondral bone. Dedifferentiated fat cells (DFATs) were established from buccal fat pad tissue obtained from a single human donor. We examined the effects of DFAT-derived extracellular vesicle preparations (DFAT-EVs) on inflammatory macrophage responses in vitro and disease-related outcomes in TMJ-OA in vivo. DFAT-EVs were applied to lipopolysaccharide- and interferon-γ-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and administered intra-articularly in rats with monosodium iodoacetate-induced TMJ-OA. Fluorescence signals from labeled DFAT-EVs were observed in RAW264.7 cells. DFAT-EVs reduced nitric oxide production and modulated nitric oxide synthase 2, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-4, and tumor necrosis factor-α responses, although effects varied among inflammatory mediators. Head withdrawal threshold was significantly higher in the DFAT-EVs group than in the OA group at several time points in the 6-week cohort, but not in the 4-week cohort. Administration of DFAT-EVs attenuated the reduction in mandibular condylar bone volume fraction and was associated with preservation of cartilage architecture and matrix. Osteoarthritis Research Society International scores were significantly lower in the DFAT-EVs group than in the OA group at 4 weeks but not at 6 weeks. These in vitro and in vivo findings support further evaluation of DFAT-EVs for TMJ-OA.</p>","PeriodicalId":14156,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","volume":"27 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149267208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volatile Anesthetic-Based Combination Strategies Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Experimental Evidence, Molecular Mechanisms, and Translational Limitations.","authors":"Necmiye Şengel, Mustafa Arslan","doi":"10.3390/ijms27209335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27209335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a complex pathological process involving adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion, calcium overload, excessive reactive oxygen species generation, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory activation, and regulated cell death. Volatile anesthetics, including sevoflurane, desflurane, and isoflurane, may modulate several of these processes through antioxidant and prosurvival signaling, suppression of inflammatory pathways, and regulation of apoptosis. Because I/R injury involves interconnected mechanisms, combining interventions that act on different targets may offer additional protection. Experimental studies have investigated volatile anesthetics together with fullerenol C60, ischemic conditioning, and selected pharmacological interventions. Other combination strategies involving ozone conditioning and boric acid have also been evaluated in experimental models, although these have not established the effects of combining either intervention with a volatile anesthetic. This narrative review examines the molecular mechanisms and organ-specific evidence underlying these approaches, with particular attention to study design, treatment timing, and the interpretation of combined effects. While some combinations have shown greater protection than individual interventions, the findings remain heterogeneous, and formal analyses distinguishing additivity from synergy are generally lacking. Clinical evidence is limited, and further studies are needed to establish whether these experimental findings can be translated into meaningful patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14156,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","volume":"27 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149267372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Sedentary-Stress Paradox in Esports: Neuroendocrine, Metabolic, and Endothelial Pathways to Cardiovascular Risk.","authors":"Amelia Tero-Vescan, Ruxandra Ștefănescu, Bianca Eugenia Ősz, Mădălina Buț, Amalia Pușcaș, Ylenia Pastorello, Mark Slevin","doi":"10.3390/ijms27209365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27209365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Esports and gaming resemble traditional sports and physical activity because both involve sustained cognitive and emotional stress; however, this stress occurs against a background of prolonged sedentary behavior. This narrative review examines the neuroendocrine, metabolic, and endothelial consequences of this \"stress without movement\" phenotype and its potential implications for long-term cardiovascular health. Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and sympathetic nervous system disrupts sleep and circadian rhythms. Continuous neuroendocrine activation may impair muscle-adipose tissue crosstalk and nitric oxide-dependent endothelial function. Although direct longitudinal evidence linking gaming to cardiovascular disease is currently lacking, these convergent mechanisms identify prolonged sedentary gaming as a potential cardiovascular risk amplifier, particularly when combined with occupational sitting, sleep disruption, adiposity, and other cardiometabolic risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":14156,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","volume":"27 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149267357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special Issue \"Molecular Research in Bone and Soft-Tissue Tumors\".","authors":"Shinji Miwa, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Satoru Demura","doi":"10.3390/ijms27209362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27209362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although the developments in multidisciplinary treatment have significantly improved clinical outcomes in bone and soft-tissue sarcomas, the outcomes of patients with metastatic/recurrent sarcoma remain poor [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":14156,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","volume":"27 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149267317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-Exome Sequencing in Patients with Tooth Agenesis and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Descriptive Case Series.","authors":"Francesco Calì, Antonino Musumeci, Mirella Vinci, Simona L'Episcopo, Massimiliano Bartolone, Angelo Gloria, Raffaele Ferri, Simone Treccarichi, Antonio Fallea","doi":"10.3390/ijms27209357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27209357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tooth agenesis (TA) is a common developmental abnormality that may occur as an isolated trait or as part of a multisystem disorder. Its genetic architecture remains incompletely characterized, particularly in individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). This descriptive case series aimed to investigate potentially relevant genetic variants in a clinically selected cohort of patients with TA using whole-exome sequencing (WES). Ten patients with TA and neurological or neurodevelopmental conditions were recruited at the IRCCS Oasi Research Institute of Troina between January 2024 and July 2026. The cohort included eight males and two females (age range: 5-50 years). The associated clinical spectrum included autism spectrum disorder (ASD), intellectual disability (ID), language impairment, behavioral abnormalities, and Down syndrome (DS). WES was performed in the examined cohort and variants were prioritized according to population frequency, predicted functional impact, inheritance pattern, and phenotypic concordance. The cohort comprised nine patients with hypodontia and one with oligodontia. Thirty variants involving 28 genes were identified. A homozygous <i>GLI3</i> p.Gly727Arg variant, inherited from two heterozygous parents, was detected in an eight-year-old boy with ASD, global developmental delay, and hypodontia. Pathogenic or likely pathogenic loss-of-function variants in <i>BCL11B</i> were identified in two girls with ID and hypodontia. A likely pathogenic <i>NIPBL</i> splice-site variant was identified in a 15-year-old boy with hypodontia. His similarly affected father carried a novel FGFR1 p.Asn185His variant that was absent in the son, excluding it as the sole explanation for the familial dental phenotype. A 50-year-old man with DS and oligodontia carried the recurrent pathogenic BBS1 p.Met390Arg allele in the heterozygous state, together with variants of uncertain significance in <i>PTH1R</i> and <i>STAT3</i>. However, none of these variants independently explained his dental phenotype. The remaining variants were primarily relevant to the associated neurological phenotypes or represented secondary findings. This descriptive case series illustrates the clinical and genetic heterogeneity of TA in individuals with NDDs. Although the findings do not establish causal relationships with TA, they highlight the importance of distinguishing the general clinical significance of a variant from its specific relevance to dental development. Replication in larger cohorts and functional validation will be required to clarify the contribution of the identified candidate variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":14156,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","volume":"27 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149267333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sinapaldehyde Induces Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Modulates Autophagy/Mitophagy-Associated Signaling and Apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells.","authors":"Hiruni Sandunika Kumarasinghe, Ducdat Le, Ji-Hyang Kim, Su-Lim Kim, Kyeoung Cheol Kim, Rambukka-Na Maggonage Thiruni Dananjana Perera, Yaejun Kim, Mina Lee, Dong-Sun Lee","doi":"10.3390/ijms27209359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27209359","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is highly aggressive and lacks targeted therapies. This study investigated the anti-cancer mechanisms of sinapaldehyde (SNAH). The biological effects of SNAH were evaluated in vitro using MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells. Cellular responses, including autophagy, mitochondrial function, apoptosis, cell-cycle progression, migration, and colony formation were investigated. In silico studies explored associated regulatory networks and binding targets. Sinapaldehyde (SNAH) treatment was associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, characterized by alterations in mitochondrial structural and functional markers, increased reactive oxygen species(ROS) production, and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. SNAH treatment also altered the expression of PINK1 and Parkin and modulated autophagy-associated markers, including LC3B, p62, LAMP1, Beclin-1, and ATG proteins. Time-dependent changes in autophagy- and apoptosis-associated markers were accompanied by increased Annexin V-positive cells and activation of cleaved caspase-9 and caspase-3. SNAH also altered FTH1 and NCOA4 expression, suggesting modulation of ferritinophagy-associated processes, and inhibited migration and colony formation while inducing G2/M cell-cycle arrest. In silico analyses identified potential breast cancer-related molecular targets and signaling pathways associated with SNAH. SNAH induces mitochondrial dysfunction and is associated with alterations in autophagy/mitophagy-associated signaling and activation of apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells. These findings provide insight into the cellular responses to SNAH treatment, while further functional studies are required to establish changes in mitophagic and ferritinophagic flux and the causal relationship between autophagy and apoptosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14156,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","volume":"27 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149267338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and Genome Analysis of a Novel Vibrio Alginolyticus Phage and Its Biocontrol Efficacy in Pearl Oyster Aquaculture.","authors":"Xuyang Chen, Xuejing Li, Yiyang Zhu, Yantao Liang, Xing Ren, Shumeng Zhang, Junyi Tao, Kailiang Zou, Longfei Lu","doi":"10.3390/ijms27209385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27209385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A novel lytic bacteriophage, designated vB_ValS-L9, infecting the potentially pathogenic bacterium <i>Vibrio alginolyticus</i> L4, was isolated from a coastal aquaculture area in Beihai, China. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that vB_ValS-L9 possesses an icosahedral head (56.50 ± 4.19 nm in diameter) and a long tail (143.03 ± 5.32 nm in length), exhibiting a typical siphovirus-like morphology within the class <i>Caudoviricetes</i>. The phage demonstrated stability across various temperatures, pH levels, and salinities. Genomic sequencing showed that vB_ValS-L9 has a circular double-stranded DNA genome of 44,025 bp with a G + C content of 43.56% and 61 predicted ORFs. No tRNA, virulence, or antibiotic resistance genes were identified. Genomic and phylogenetic analyses, including ANI, VICTOR, VIRIDIC, and conserved protein phylogenies, identified vB_ValS-L9 as a novel species that, together with <i>Vibrio</i> phages Artemius and VapS30, forms a new genus in the class <i>Caudoviricetes</i>, for which the name <i>Artemiovirus</i> is proposed. Furthermore, in vivo trials using juvenile pearl oysters (<i>Pinctada martensii</i>) revealed that vB_ValS-L9 provides substantial prophylactic and therapeutic protection against <i>V. alginolyticus</i> L4 infection, especially when the phage was administered before bacterial challenge. Collectively, these findings suggest that vB_ValS-L9 shows potential as a safe, environmentally robust, and promising biocontrol candidate for managing vibriosis in aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":14156,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","volume":"27 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149267070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the S-Locus-Specific Glycoprotein/EP1 Gene Family in Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> L.).","authors":"Conghua Feng, Yi Liu, Suen Liu, Junyi Geng, Hui Sun, Dan Li, Ruixuan Liu, Yuyuan Qian, Baosheng Guo","doi":"10.3390/ijms27209303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27209303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The S-locus-specific glycoprotein/EP1 gene family encodes a class of epidermis-specific secretory glycoproteins involved in plant responses to abiotic stress. However, their role in cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i>) drought response remains unclear. Here, we identified 12 <i>GhEP1</i> genes from the <i>G. hirsutum</i> genome, clustered into three subfamilies. Structural predictions indicated that most GhEP1 proteins are hydrophilic and localised to the outer side of the plasma membrane or nucleus, with a few containing transmembrane domains. Collinearity analysis revealed that segmental and tandem duplications drove family expansion, with a high degree of collinearity conservation among dicotyledonous plants. Transcriptomic data showed generally low <i>GhEP1</i> expression across tissues, but <i>GhEP1-2</i>, <i>GhEP1-6</i>, <i>GhEP1-7</i> and <i>GhEP1-8</i> responded significantly to NaCl, PEG-induced drought and cold stresses. qRT-PCR further confirmed that the expression of most <i>GhEP1</i> genes was significantly up-regulated in roots under drought stress, while <i>GhEP1-3</i> was induced in leaves, indicating tissue-specific regulatory divergence. This study systematically characterises the <i>GhEP1</i> family and provides potential genetic resources for improving drought tolerance in cotton.</p>","PeriodicalId":14156,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences","volume":"27 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149267124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}