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International journal of neuropharmacology最新文献

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The importance of endogenous catecholamines in the activity of some CNS stimulants 内源性儿茶酚胺在某些中枢神经系统兴奋剂活性中的重要性
International journal of neuropharmacology Pub Date : 1969-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(69)90017-3
H.H. Wolf , D.E. Rollins , C.R. Rowland , T.G. Reigle
{"title":"The importance of endogenous catecholamines in the activity of some CNS stimulants","authors":"H.H. Wolf ,&nbsp;D.E. Rollins ,&nbsp;C.R. Rowland ,&nbsp;T.G. Reigle","doi":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90017-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90017-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ten isomers of known central nervous system stimulants were examined for ability to lower chenaoconvulsive threshold. In addition, the involvement of endogenous brain catecholamines in the central activity of these compounds was investigated. The drugs evaluated were d(+) amphetamine,<span>l</span>(−) amphetamine,<span>d</span>(+) pipradrol,<span>l</span>(−) pipradrol,<span>d</span>(−) ephedrine,<span>l</span>(+) ephedrine,<span>d</span>(−)<em>pseudo</em>phedrine,<span>l</span>(+)<em>pseudo</em>phedrine,<span>d</span>(−) norephedrine, and<span>l</span>(+) nor<em>pseudo</em>phedrine. All compounds except<span>l</span>(−) pipradrol and<span>d</span>(−)<em>pseudo</em>ephedrine demonstrated significant effects on chemoconvulsive threshold. The active isomers of amphetamine and ephedrine were shown to possess large indirect components of activity in that central stimulation with these agents was dependent upon small stores of readily available catecholamines. However,<span>d</span>(+) pipradrol and the isomers of norephedrine appeared to have a considerable amount of direct effect on central receptors. No structure-activity relationship for central stimulation was readily apparent.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14111,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neuropharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0028-3908(69)90017-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15492771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Pharmacological alteration of hyper-reactivity in rats with septal and hypothalamic lesions 中隔和下丘脑病变大鼠高反应性的药理改变
International journal of neuropharmacology Pub Date : 1969-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(69)90023-9
C.W. Beattie , H.I. Chernov , P.S. Bernard , F.H. Glenny
{"title":"Pharmacological alteration of hyper-reactivity in rats with septal and hypothalamic lesions","authors":"C.W. Beattie ,&nbsp;H.I. Chernov ,&nbsp;P.S. Bernard ,&nbsp;F.H. Glenny","doi":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90023-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90023-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lesions were electrolytically placed in the septal area and/or hypothalamus of male albino rats using a stereotaxic instrument and well-defined co-ordinates. The effect of various types of pharmacological agents on the induced hyper-reactivity has been determined. All classes of compounds tested reduced to varying degrees the hyper-reactivity produced by septal lesions. Chlorpromazine and morphine also reduced the hyper-reactivity of rats with hypothalamic and hypothalamic-septal lesions, though only to a limited extent. Possible mechanisms and sites of action are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14111,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neuropharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0028-3908(69)90023-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16895823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Correlation between behavioral and biochemical effects of p-chlorophenylalanine in mice and rats 对氯苯丙氨酸对小鼠和大鼠行为和生化影响的相关性研究
International journal of neuropharmacology Pub Date : 1969-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(69)90022-7
L. Volicer
{"title":"Correlation between behavioral and biochemical effects of p-chlorophenylalanine in mice and rats","authors":"L. Volicer","doi":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90022-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90022-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The relationship between brain monoanunes and the behavioral effect of<em>p-chlorophenylalanine</em> in mice and rats was investigated. When brain serotonin was depleted by<em>p-chlorophenylalanine</em> spontaneous motor activity was decreased only in rats. Administration of<em>p-chlorophenylalanine</em> changed neither the brain levels of catecholamines in both species nor the turnover rate of brain norepinephrine and dopamine in rats. These results suggest that the decrease of spontaneous motor activity after<em>p</em> chlorophenylalanine administration is probably not mediated through serotonin or the catecholamines and that another mode of<em>p-chlorophenylalanine</em> action must be supposed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14111,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neuropharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0028-3908(69)90022-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16390311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 54
The effect of ethanol on the in vivo conversion of 5-HTP-14C to serotonin-14C, 5-hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde-14C and its metabolites in rat brain 乙醇对大鼠脑内5-羟色胺- 14c转化为5-羟色胺- 14c、5-羟基吲哚乙醛- 14c及其代谢物的影响
International journal of neuropharmacology Pub Date : 1969-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(69)90020-3
A. Feldstein, Carol M. Sidel
{"title":"The effect of ethanol on the in vivo conversion of 5-HTP-14C to serotonin-14C, 5-hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde-14C and its metabolites in rat brain","authors":"A. Feldstein,&nbsp;Carol M. Sidel","doi":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90020-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90020-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ethanol was administered i.p, to rats 1 hr prior to sacrifice and 5-HTP-<sup>14</sup>C was administered i.p. 30 min prior to sacrifice. Multiple doses of ethanol increased 5-HTP-<sup>14</sup>C found in the brain, possibly due to decreased efflux. Multiple doses of ethanol also increased the ratio of 5-hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde and/or 5-hydroxytryptophol to 5-HIAA. The possibility was considered that the increased neutral fraction and decreased acid fraction was due to inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase and activation of alcohol dehydrogenase by virtue of an ethanol-induced increase in brain NADPH/NADP ratio. High doses of ethanol, 6 lg/kg, slightly inhibited decar☐ylase and monoamine oxidase. The possibility was considered that inhibition of decar☐ylase and monoamine oxidase was due to acetaldehyde derived from ethanol</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14111,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neuropharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0028-3908(69)90020-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16391807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
Responses to microinjections of d-tubocurarine into the hypothalamus of cats 猫下丘脑微量注射d-管curarine的反应
International journal of neuropharmacology Pub Date : 1969-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(69)90024-0
Alden Fletcher , S.N. Pradhan
{"title":"Responses to microinjections of d-tubocurarine into the hypothalamus of cats","authors":"Alden Fletcher ,&nbsp;S.N. Pradhan","doi":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90024-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90024-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microinjections of<em>d-tubocurarine</em> chloride (<em>d-Tc</em>) were made into the hypothalamus of cats through a stereotaxically implanted cannula-electrode to reproduce the effects of intraventricular doses (100–200 μg/kg) of<em>d-Tc</em>. Single intrahypothalamic injections of 3–6 μg caused rise of blood pressure, stimulation of respiration and enhancement of knee jerk and produced tremor and jerks in most of the experiments. After a delay of 10–15 min the electrical activity of the injected site changed with the appearance of high voltage waves and spikes which were found to spread to other areas recorded. The effects of similarly low intraventricular doses were comparatively much less in incidence and intensity. Thus the hypothalamus appeared to be the site of origin of<em>d-Tc-induced</em> autonomic and motor effects, and abnormal electrical activity. The effects of intrahypothalamic doses of<em>d-Tc</em> were poorly counteracted by Prostigmin.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14111,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neuropharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0028-3908(69)90024-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16478482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
The effect of α-mt on hyperthermia induced by chlorpromazine α-mt对氯丙嗪致热疗的影响
International journal of neuropharmacology Pub Date : 1969-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(69)90026-4
W.J. Rewerski , W. Gumulka
{"title":"The effect of α-mt on hyperthermia induced by chlorpromazine","authors":"W.J. Rewerski ,&nbsp;W. Gumulka","doi":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90026-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-3908(69)90026-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Administration of α-MT (four separate doses of 50 mg/kg with 4 hr interval between each injection) lowered the body temperature of rats. Hyperthermic effects induced by CPZ injection into the anterior part of hypothalamus persist in animals pretreated with α-MT. It is suggested therefore that the mechanism for the hyperthermic action of CPZ is more likely to be due to a direct effect of CPZ than with its interaction with NA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14111,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neuropharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0028-3908(69)90026-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91700512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
An investigation of the tremorgenic effects of oxotremorine and tremorine after stereotaxic injection into rat brain 大鼠脑内立体定向注射氧tremorine和tremorine致震颤作用的研究
International journal of neuropharmacology Pub Date : 1969-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(69)90050-1
B. Cox, D. Potkonjak
{"title":"An investigation of the tremorgenic effects of oxotremorine and tremorine after stereotaxic injection into rat brain","authors":"B. Cox,&nbsp;D. Potkonjak","doi":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90050-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90050-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effect of stereotaxic administration of tremorine and oxotremorine into four brain areas has been investigated using rats. Tremorine produced tremor significantly higher than control after administration into the globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, and substantia nigra. Oxotremorine produced tremor significantly higher than control only after injection into the substantia nigra. Dyflos injected into the caudate nucleus produced tremor. No change in the tremorgenic action of tremorine was observed after the simultaneous intracaudate injections of atropine and tremorine, and dyflos and tremorine. Intraperitoneal atropine reduced the tremorgenic action of an intracaudate injection of tremorine.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14111,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neuropharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0028-3908(69)90050-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15986344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Factors affecting the rate of disappearance of amphetamine in rats 影响大鼠安非他明消失率的因素
International journal of neuropharmacology Pub Date : 1969-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(69)90041-0
A. Groppetti, E. Costa
{"title":"Factors affecting the rate of disappearance of amphetamine in rats","authors":"A. Groppetti,&nbsp;E. Costa","doi":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90041-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90041-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rate of disappearance of amphetamine is faster in male adult Sprague-Dawley rats than in adult females. Estradiol (0·8 mg/kg s.c. for 16 days) slow down the rate ofd-amphetamine disappearance in adult male rats. The half-life (T12) ofd-amphetamine in young male rats is greater than in adult male or female rats. Pretreatment of rats with either phenobarbital or 3-methylcholanthrene in doses sufficient to decrease theT<sub>12</sub> of hexobarbital and zoxazolamine does not change the tissue levels ofd-amphetamine. Diphenylhydantoin, another inducer of liver microsomal aromatic hydroxylase, does not increase and actually decreases the rate ofd-amphetamine disappearance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14111,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neuropharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0028-3908(69)90041-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16868843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 62
Imipramine antagonism of the CNS effects of norepinephrine behavioral and biochemical correlates 丙咪嗪对去甲肾上腺素中枢神经系统的拮抗作用与行为和生化相关
International journal of neuropharmacology Pub Date : 1969-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(69)90044-6
A.J. Mandell , C.E. Spooner , W.D. Winters , M. Cruikshank , I.M. Sabbot
{"title":"Imipramine antagonism of the CNS effects of norepinephrine behavioral and biochemical correlates","authors":"A.J. Mandell ,&nbsp;C.E. Spooner ,&nbsp;W.D. Winters ,&nbsp;M. Cruikshank ,&nbsp;I.M. Sabbot","doi":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90044-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90044-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chicks (1–5 day-old) were made hyperactive and aggressive with the tricyclic antidepressant, imipramine hydrochloride. Norepinephrine (NE), which crosses the bloodbrain barrier to produce behavioral depression in the chick (in a monotonic, dose-response manner) antagonized the behavioral effects of imipramine. Associated with this behavioral antagonism was a relative decrease in the radioactivity of brain normetanephrine and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic acid when isotopic NE was infused following imipramine pretreatment. This suggests that imipramine may block the access of NE to the post-synaptic membrane as well as interfering with other aspects of NE inter- and intracellular mobility. The differences from the previous literature shown in this study may be due to species differences or the failure of other studies to achieve behavioral activation with imipramine before doing biochemical studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14111,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neuropharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0028-3908(69)90044-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16868844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and homovanillic acid in psychiatric patients 精神病人脑脊液中5-羟基吲哚乙酸与纯香草酸的关系
International journal of neuropharmacology Pub Date : 1969-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/0028-3908(69)90046-X
M.B. Bowers Jr., G.R. Heninger, F. Gerbode
{"title":"Cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and homovanillic acid in psychiatric patients","authors":"M.B. Bowers Jr.,&nbsp;G.R. Heninger,&nbsp;F. Gerbode","doi":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90046-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0028-3908(69)90046-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Levels of 5HIAA and HVA have been measured in the lumbar CSF of psychiatric patients. Pre-treatment values for CSF 5HIAA were lower in a combined group of psychiatric patients age matched with neurologic patients as controls. CSF 5HIAA was lower than in age matched neurologic controls in each psychiatric diagnostic sub-group; however, these differences were significant prior to treatment in the schizophrenic group only. Depressives treated with amitriptyline showed significant decreases in CSF 5HIAA. There were no significant correlations between degree of improvement in depression (as rated with the BPRS) and CSF 5HIAA levels while patients were improved and continuing on the drug. Further, no correlations were noted between values or changes in either CSF amine metabolite and initial ratings or changes in BPRS ratings as a result of treatment. Values for HVA tended to be higher in schizophrenics and lower in manics and depressives than for a combined psychiatric group, although this difference was significant only for depressives vs. schizophrenics while on drug therapy. Groups of patients scoring above the median on total sleep ratings were also found to have significantly above median HVA scores prior to treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14111,"journal":{"name":"International journal of neuropharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0028-3908(69)90046-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16868845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 219
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