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Investigation of Thymoquinone as an Inhibitor of CYP2C8/EET Axis 百里醌作为CYP2C8/EET轴抑制剂的研究。
IF 2.8 4区 生物学
ChemBioChem Pub Date : 2026-08-05 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202600003
Sumit Dhiman, Diksha Manhas, Ashiya Jamwal, Ajeet Singh, Vinay Kumar, Bhavna Vij, Probir Kumar Ojha, Shashank K. Singh, Zabeer Ahmed, Utpal Nandi
{"title":"Investigation of Thymoquinone as an Inhibitor of CYP2C8/EET Axis","authors":"Sumit Dhiman,&nbsp;Diksha Manhas,&nbsp;Ashiya Jamwal,&nbsp;Ajeet Singh,&nbsp;Vinay Kumar,&nbsp;Bhavna Vij,&nbsp;Probir Kumar Ojha,&nbsp;Shashank K. Singh,&nbsp;Zabeer Ahmed,&nbsp;Utpal Nandi","doi":"10.1002/cbic.202600003","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbic.202600003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) is known to cause drug interactions via pharmacokinetic alterations of drugs, but it’s also explicitly crucial for endogenous metabolism, like the generation of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) from arachidonic acid. CYP2C8 expression is reported to be altered in various cancers, where CYP2C8-mediated EETs promote tumorigenesis. Conversely, thymoquinone, an extensively used complementary medicine, has emerged as a promising candidate against cancer due to its ability to curb tumorigenesis. Nevertheless, to date, limited information is available about the impact of thymoquinone on CYP2C8 inhibition. Therefore, we planned to explore the same using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approaches. The current results reveal the followings: (a) thymoquinone could markedly inhibit CYP2C8 based on study using amodiaquine N-deethylation in human liver microsomes (HLM); (b) thymoquinone could strongly interact with the active site of the human CYP2C8 as demonstrated by molecular docking analysis; (c) thymoquinone could restrict the metabolic depletion of repaglinide (a CYP2C8 substrate) in rat liver microsomes; (d) thymoquinone altered the pharmacokinetic profile of repaglinide (a CYP2C8 substrate) in rats, resulting in repaglinideʹs increased systemic exposure and reduced clearance; (e) thymoquinone could retard EET’s formation in HLM. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the biological significance of thymoquinone-mediated modulation of the CYP2C8/EET axis in relevant cancer models.</p>","PeriodicalId":140,"journal":{"name":"ChemBioChem","volume":"27 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148676234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Antibacterial and Wound-Healing Efficacy of 12-Hydroxylauric Acid–Conjugated Heterochiral Diphenylalanines: Insights From In Vitro and In Vivo Investigations 12-羟基月桂酸偶联异手性二苯丙氨酸的抗菌和伤口愈合效果:来自体外和体内研究的见解。
IF 2.8 4区 生物学
ChemBioChem Pub Date : 2026-08-05 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.70466
Rishabh Ahuja, Vaibhav Shivhare, Dipesh Barde, Surendra Kumar Ahirwar, Ankit Mishra, Avinash Singh Mandloi, Anindya Basu, Anita Dutt Konar
{"title":"Antibacterial and Wound-Healing Efficacy of 12-Hydroxylauric Acid–Conjugated Heterochiral Diphenylalanines: Insights From In Vitro and In Vivo Investigations","authors":"Rishabh Ahuja,&nbsp;Vaibhav Shivhare,&nbsp;Dipesh Barde,&nbsp;Surendra Kumar Ahirwar,&nbsp;Ankit Mishra,&nbsp;Avinash Singh Mandloi,&nbsp;Anindya Basu,&nbsp;Anita Dutt Konar","doi":"10.1002/cbic.70466","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbic.70466","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To overcome the limitations of microbial infections in modern medicine, we developed compound <b>I</b> incorporating the amphiphile 12-hydroxy lauric acid (12-HDA) at the N-terminus linked to a heterochiral diphenylalanine motif (D- and L-Phe) at the C-terminus guided by the principle of chiral orchestration (R. Ahuja, M. Singh, and A. Dutt Konar, <i>ACS Appl. Biomater.</i> <b>2025</b>, 8, 1108). Although preliminary minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) data indicated encouraging antimicrobial activity against the Gram-positive pathogens <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, these results alone were insufficient to consider the molecule a viable therapeutic lead. Consequently, comprehensive in vitro evaluation revealed a pronounced, organism-dependent response: Compound <b>I</b> reduced <i>B. subtilis</i> colony formation by 98%, compared to only 22% for <i>S. aureus</i>. Flow cytometric Live/Dead analyses corroborated these findings, showing increased cellular granularity, enhanced PI uptake, and 59.6% non-viable <i>B. subtilis</i> cells, whereas <i>S. aureus</i> exhibited limited susceptibility. Motivated by this selectivity, we evaluated Compound <b>I</b> in a <i>B. subtilis</i>–infected excisional wound model, where treated animals achieved complete wound closure, robust hair regrowth, and scar-free healing within 14 days, comparable to that of the standard drug. Overall, these findings establish compound <b>I</b> as a strong therapeutic candidate for future wound dressing.</p>","PeriodicalId":140,"journal":{"name":"ChemBioChem","volume":"27 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148676220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recent Advances in Fluorescent Probes for Imaging Enzyme Activity in NETosis NETosis酶活性荧光探针研究进展
IF 2.8 4区 生物学
ChemBioChem Pub Date : 2026-07-30 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.70483
Enebie Ramos Cáceres, Marijn J. Hollander, Kimberly M. Bonger
{"title":"Recent Advances in Fluorescent Probes for Imaging Enzyme Activity in NETosis","authors":"Enebie Ramos Cáceres,&nbsp;Marijn J. Hollander,&nbsp;Kimberly M. Bonger","doi":"10.1002/cbic.70483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.70483","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are web-like structures of DNA released by neutrophils during a specialized form of cell death called NETosis. Originally described as a mechanism of pathogen neutralization, NETs have since been implicated in a growing number of pathological conditions, including inflammatory diseases, autoimmunity, cancer, and neurodegeneration. The complexity and rapid dynamics of neutrophils and NET formation pose significant challenges for conventional approaches, highlighting a need for tools that can report molecular events with high spatial and temporal precision. Fluorescent probes have proven invaluable in this regard, offering both the sensitivity and selectivity required to study this process. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent progress on the development of fluorescent probes for imaging NETosis, focusing on their design principles, biological applications, and key limitations. We discuss how these tools have advanced our understanding of the stimulus-dependent and spatiotemporally distinct activation dynamics of enzymes central to NETosis. We further highlight remaining challenges and outline design strategies that we believe will guide the development of next-generation tools to investigate neutrophil biology in health and disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":140,"journal":{"name":"ChemBioChem","volume":"27 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cbic.70483","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148617034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Environmental Impact of Synthetic Cell Technology: Review of Life Cycle Assessment Data for Feedstocks and Production Methods 合成电池技术对环境的影响:原料和生产方法的生命周期评估数据综述
IF 2.8 4区 生物学
ChemBioChem Pub Date : 2026-07-30 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.70463
Christina Hopf, Mehdi Ravandeh, Jan Steinkühler
{"title":"Environmental Impact of Synthetic Cell Technology: Review of Life Cycle Assessment Data for Feedstocks and Production Methods","authors":"Christina Hopf,&nbsp;Mehdi Ravandeh,&nbsp;Jan Steinkühler","doi":"10.1002/cbic.70463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.70463","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bottom-up synthetic cells are frequently framed as enabling technologies for a future green bioeconomy, yet their environmental impacts remain poorly quantified. Here, we review and synthesize available life cycle assessment (LCA) data for the feedstocks, production routes, and assembly methods commonly used in synthetic cell research, focusing on <i>cradle-to-gate</i> system boundaries. We consider lipids from plant and algal sources, amphiphilic diblock copolymers, recombinant proteins, crude and PURE (protein synthesis using recombinant elements) cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) systems, and key assembly approaches including bulk emulsification and microfluidics. We argue that many of the identified components may also play a role in future generations of synthetic cells that undergo primitive autonomous growth and cell cycles. The data illustrate how design choices in compartment composition, encapsulated biochemistry, and assembly efficiency can shift impacts by orders of magnitude. Early integration of LCA-informed design, such as favoring lower purity where functionally acceptable, using shared feedstocks, reducing material excess, and employing alternative autotrophic or solvent-free production routes, will be decisive for achieving environmentally viable synthetic cell technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":140,"journal":{"name":"ChemBioChem","volume":"27 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cbic.70463","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148617048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
UGT707B2 From Iris tectorum Maxim.: A Promiscuous Glycosyltransferase for the Biosynthesis of Structurally Diverse Flavonoid Glycosides UGT707B2来自鸢尾花。一种用于生物合成结构多样的黄酮类苷的混杂糖基转移酶
IF 2.8 4区 生物学
ChemBioChem Pub Date : 2026-07-30 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.70486
Lin Zhang, Jing Li, Qian Zhang, Libing Zhang, Yuanyuan Wang, Aijia Ji, Jia Huang
{"title":"UGT707B2 From Iris tectorum Maxim.: A Promiscuous Glycosyltransferase for the Biosynthesis of Structurally Diverse Flavonoid Glycosides","authors":"Lin Zhang,&nbsp;Jing Li,&nbsp;Qian Zhang,&nbsp;Libing Zhang,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Wang,&nbsp;Aijia Ji,&nbsp;Jia Huang","doi":"10.1002/cbic.70486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.70486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Iris tectorum</i> Maxim. (<i>I. tectorum</i>) is a medicinal plant in China, known for its efficacy in treating upper respiratory diseases. It contains an abundance of (iso)flavonoid glycosides, which exhibit extensive pharmacological activities. Due to their broad prospects for pharmaceutical applications, (iso)flavonoid glycosides have attracted increasing attention. In the biosynthetic pathway of (iso)flavonoid glycosides, glycosyltransferases are key downstream enzymes that catalyze their formation. However, the glycosyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis pathway of (iso)flavonoid glycosides from <i>I. tectorum</i> remain largely unidentified. In this study, a candidate glycosyltransferase gene, <i>UGT707B2</i>, was identified and screened out from the transcriptome data of <i>I. tectorum</i>. Phylogenetic analysis showed that UGT707B2 clustered clearly with the (iso)flavone UGTs. An in vitro enzymatic reaction assay showed that UGT707B2 could catalyze the 7-OH glycosylation of the isoflavone substrate tectorigenin, producing tectoridin. UGT707B2 also showed glycosylation activities toward various flavonoids, including dihydrochalcone, flavonoids, and flavonols. In particular, UGT707B2 converted phloretin into the corresponding glycoside at nearly 100% conversion. Collectively, this study not only broadens the known repertoire of plant (iso)flavonoid glycosyltransferases but also offers a promising biocatalyst for the synthesis of high-value, structurally diverse (iso)flavonoid glycosides.</p>","PeriodicalId":140,"journal":{"name":"ChemBioChem","volume":"27 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148617047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Comparative Biochemical Study of Oleate Hydratases 油酸水合酶的比较生化研究
IF 2.8 4区 生物学
ChemBioChem Pub Date : 2026-07-30 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.70487
Maxim van Delft, Alejandro Gran-Scheuch, Ulf Hanefeld, Peter-Leon Hagedoorn
{"title":"A Comparative Biochemical Study of Oleate Hydratases","authors":"Maxim van Delft,&nbsp;Alejandro Gran-Scheuch,&nbsp;Ulf Hanefeld,&nbsp;Peter-Leon Hagedoorn","doi":"10.1002/cbic.70487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.70487","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the search for more efficient chemical processes to valorize renewable feedstocks, oleate hydratases (Ohys) represent promising biocatalysts. These enzymes can convert <i>cis</i>-Δ<sup>9</sup> fatty acids like oleic acid into their hydroxy fatty acid counterparts using only water as co-reagent and with unparallelled selectivity. A multitude of Ohys has been described, however, direct comparison is hard due to the use of different assays. For this work, we characterized and compared four Ohys across different homologous families (HFams): those from <i>Elizabethkingia meningoseptica</i> (<i>Em</i>Ohy, HFam11), <i>Stenotrophomonas nitritireducens</i> (<i>Sn</i>Ohy, HFam11), <i>Rhodococcus erythropolis</i> (<i>Re</i>Ohy, HFam3), and <i>Rhodococcus pyridinivorans</i> (<i>Rp</i>Ohy, HFam2). All enzymes, especially <i>Sn</i>Ohy, expressed well in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (28–99 mg/L<sub>culture</sub>). FAD occupancy after purification was 51% or lower for all Ohys. <i>Re</i>Ohy had lost the flavin altogether, making supplementation a necessity for its activity. Reduction of the cofactor to FADH<sub>2</sub> clearly showed a favorable effect on the activity of all Ohys, with product yields increasing from modest to 12-fold. Although <i>Sn</i>Ohy showed the highest initial reaction rates, <i>Em</i>Ohy reached the highest 10-hydroxystearic acid (10-HSA) yields at higher oleic acid loading (10 mM) and prolonged reaction times. Thermostability was analyzed by thermal shift assays, with <i>Em</i>Ohy appearing as most thermostable (<i>T</i><sub><i>m</i></sub><sup>app</sup> = 54 °C).</p>","PeriodicalId":140,"journal":{"name":"ChemBioChem","volume":"27 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cbic.70487","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148617139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Light-Activated Communication Between Synthetic and Living Cells via Photoresponsive Membranes 合成细胞和活细胞之间通过光反应膜的光激活通信。
IF 2.8 4区 生物学
ChemBioChem Pub Date : 2026-07-28 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.70469
Roberto Barbaro, Paola Albanese, Matilde Colella, Davide Lattarulo, Samrat Saha, Jack L.-Y. Chen, Fabio Mavelli, Federico Rossi, Emiliano Altamura
{"title":"Light-Activated Communication Between Synthetic and Living Cells via Photoresponsive Membranes","authors":"Roberto Barbaro,&nbsp;Paola Albanese,&nbsp;Matilde Colella,&nbsp;Davide Lattarulo,&nbsp;Samrat Saha,&nbsp;Jack L.-Y. Chen,&nbsp;Fabio Mavelli,&nbsp;Federico Rossi,&nbsp;Emiliano Altamura","doi":"10.1002/cbic.70469","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbic.70469","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Synthetic cells (SCs) are programmable biomimetic systems that reproduce selected cellular functions while offering high structural and functional controllability. A particularly attractive feature of SCs is their ability to respond to external stimuli, enabling regulated cargo release and communication with living cells. Here, we report a light-responsive SC platform capable of establishing chemically mediated communication with human cancer cells. Upon light stimulation, the SCs release signaling molecules, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and histamine, that activate intracellular calcium signaling pathways in target cells. These results demonstrate the feasibility of remotely controlled communication between synthetic and living cells and highlight the potential of SCs as bio-hybrid interfaces for precise cellular modulation, therapeutic delivery, artificial organelles, and other biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":140,"journal":{"name":"ChemBioChem","volume":"27 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cbic.70469","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148596874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Generation of DAR1 Glycosite-Specific Antibody-Drug Conjugates Using DisacLink Technology 使用DisacLink技术生成DAR1糖位点特异性抗体-药物偶联物。
IF 2.8 4区 生物学
ChemBioChem Pub Date : 2026-07-28 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.70484
Yaqi Shi, Yan Zhao, Zhi Liu, Fengnan Song, Xu Wang, Caili Luo, Fei Xia, Mengru Lu, Holger Husi, Weihua Meng, Feng Tang, Wei Huang, Wei Shi
{"title":"Generation of DAR1 Glycosite-Specific Antibody-Drug Conjugates Using DisacLink Technology","authors":"Yaqi Shi,&nbsp;Yan Zhao,&nbsp;Zhi Liu,&nbsp;Fengnan Song,&nbsp;Xu Wang,&nbsp;Caili Luo,&nbsp;Fei Xia,&nbsp;Mengru Lu,&nbsp;Holger Husi,&nbsp;Weihua Meng,&nbsp;Feng Tang,&nbsp;Wei Huang,&nbsp;Wei Shi","doi":"10.1002/cbic.70484","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbic.70484","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR) represents a critical quality attribute for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). Conventional site-specific conjugation strategies typically generate ADCs with defined DAR values ranging from 2 to 8. However, for ultrapotent cytotoxic payloads, lower DAR values have been shown to enhance tumor tissue penetration and improve safety profiles. Similarly, in antibody-oligonucleotide conjugates (AOCs), reduced DAR values contribute to optimized pharmacokinetic behavior. Previously, we developed a glycosite-specific ADC construction method, termed DisacLink technology, based on synthetic LacNAc oxazoline derivatives. Building on this platform, we have now designed bis-functionalized drug-linkers that enable the generation of glycosite-specific DAR1 ADCs. This method achieves high conjugation efficiency, demonstrates the applicability to the major human IgG subclasses and commonly used payloads, yielding site-specific conjugates with acceptable homogeneity, favorable thermal and aggregation stability, and potent in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":140,"journal":{"name":"ChemBioChem","volume":"27 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148596883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Label-Free Monitoring of Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Activation Using NAD(P)H Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging 使用NAD(P)H荧光寿命成像无标记监测癌症相关成纤维细胞激活。
IF 2.8 4区 生物学
ChemBioChem Pub Date : 2026-07-28 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.70473
Nina Anseeuw, Carmen Escalona-Noguero, Giel Vankevelaer, Samet Aytekin, Olivier De Wever, Ilaria Elia, Susana Rocha, Guillermo Solís-Fernández
{"title":"Label-Free Monitoring of Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Activation Using NAD(P)H Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging","authors":"Nina Anseeuw,&nbsp;Carmen Escalona-Noguero,&nbsp;Giel Vankevelaer,&nbsp;Samet Aytekin,&nbsp;Olivier De Wever,&nbsp;Ilaria Elia,&nbsp;Susana Rocha,&nbsp;Guillermo Solís-Fernández","doi":"10.1002/cbic.70473","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbic.70473","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are key regulators of tumor progression, yet their activation state is commonly assessed using static, endpoint assays that do not allow dynamic analysis in living cells. Although CAF activation is accompanied by pronounced metabolic remodeling, label-free approaches that exploit these changes for real-time monitoring remain limited. Here, we demonstrate that NAD(P)H fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) can be used to monitor activation-associated metabolic remodeling. CAFs activated with transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) exhibit a reproducible shift toward longer NAD(P)H fluorescence lifetimes compared to non-activated cells, consistent with changes in the relative contributions of free and protein-bound NAD(P)H. By combining live-cell FLIM with α-smooth muscle actin staining in the same cells, we directly link metabolic signatures to cellular activation state. We further demonstrate the potential of this approach to dynamically monitor CAF activation in live, migrating cells. Together, these results establish NAD(P)H fluorescence lifetime imaging as a label-free metabolic approach for monitoring CAF activation dynamics, complementing conventional marker-based methods and enabling continuous monitoring of tumor–stroma interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":140,"journal":{"name":"ChemBioChem","volume":"27 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148596881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Azurins With Tunable Reduction Potentials as Redox Mediators for Extracellular Electron Transfer 具有可调还原电位的Azurins作为细胞外电子转移的氧化还原介质。
IF 2.8 4区 生物学
ChemBioChem Pub Date : 2026-07-26 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.70477
Alexis J. Holwerda, Jing-Xiang Wang, Yang Gao, Yi Lu, Benjamin K. Keitz
{"title":"Azurins With Tunable Reduction Potentials as Redox Mediators for Extracellular Electron Transfer","authors":"Alexis J. Holwerda,&nbsp;Jing-Xiang Wang,&nbsp;Yang Gao,&nbsp;Yi Lu,&nbsp;Benjamin K. Keitz","doi":"10.1002/cbic.70477","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cbic.70477","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electroactive microbes, such as <i>Shewanella oneidensis</i> MR-1, have been harnessed for a variety of bioelectrochemical and catalytic applications. Efforts to improve the electrochemical performance of these bacteria have included the use or biological synthesis of small-molecule redox mediators, such as flavins. However, limited redox range and complex biosynthetic pathways have restricted their broad applications. To overcome these limitations, we report the use of azurin, a cupredoxin commonly used as electron transfer proteins, as a redox mediator for <i>S. oneidensis</i> extracellular electron transfer (EET). We showed that <i>S. oneidensis</i> reduces four different azurin variants, spanning a 440 mV range, and that the reduction rate is dependent on azurin concentration (<i>K</i><sub>M</sub> = 28 ± 9 µM) and redox potential. We then applied these findings to several different bio- and electrosynthetic applications. We utilized azurin as a mediator in multiple EET-driven biocatalytic reactions, including atom transfer radical polymerization and azo dye decolorization. Finally, we showed that the inclusion of exogenous azurin improves current generation in microbial fuel cells. These results demonstrate the potential advantages of engineered redox proteins possess over small molecules for use in EET-driven applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":140,"journal":{"name":"ChemBioChem","volume":"27 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13401956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148589670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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