International Journal of Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Microbial Composition, Antibiotic Sensitivity Patterns, and Contributing Factors Among Children With Tonsillitis in Hawassa Town, Sidama, Ethiopia.","authors":"Tebiku Daniel Tirago, Mesfin Worku, Tadesse Menjetta Nima, Moges Desta Ormago","doi":"10.1155/ijm/6366378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijm/6366378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Infections of the tonsils are very frequent among 5-14-year-old children due to poor immunity establishments and inflammation within the tonsils because of insufficient penetration of antibiotics into the tonsillar core. This study was aimed at determining the bacterial profile, antibacterial susceptibility pattern, and associated factors among children with tonsillitis from selected health facilities in Hawassa town, Sidama, Ethiopia. <b>Methods:</b> An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted using interviewer-administered, pretested questionnaires, and throat swab samples were collected from children with tonsillitis visiting selected health facilities in Hawassa town. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study units. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out by using the disc diffusion method according to criteria set by the Clinical Laboratory and Standard Institute 2020. Logistic regression evaluated factors related to the prevalence of culture-confirmed bacterial tonsillitis. <b>Results:</b> The overall prevalence of bacterial tonsillitis among children (408) with tonsillitis among selected health facilities was 276/408 (67.6%) (95% CI: 63.0%, 72.0%). The dominant bacterial isolate was <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> (70) (25.4%), followed by <i>Streptococcus aureus</i> (59) (21.4%), <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> (56) (20.3%), <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (35) (12.7%), and <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> (27) (9.8%). <i>S. pyogenes</i> was resistant to cephalexin (45.7%), penicillin (44.3%), and ceftriaxone (42.9%). Higher odds of having bacterial tonsillitis were observed for children from low monthly income families (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.31, 95% CI: 1.15-4.63), those with enlarged or tender glands (AOR 2.47, 95% CI: 1.57-3.88), and those with a history of recurrent tonsillitis (AOR 1.85, 95% CI: 1.18, 2.92). <b>Conclusions:</b> Bacterial tonsillitis was prevalent in the study area. The isolates showed resistance to common antibiotics such as penicillin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, ceftriaxone, and cephalexin. Therefore, culture and susceptibility tests are vital for appropriately managing bacterial tonsillitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6366378"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Factors Related to Trichomoniasis, Candidal Vaginitis, and Bacterial Vaginosis in Northeast Iran.","authors":"Mitra Salehi, Mohammadhassan Minooeianhaghighi, Alireza Mohammadzadeh, Azamsadat Mahmoudian, Simin Tayarani, Saeed Erfanpoor, Nasim Khajavian, Narjes Bahri, Morteza Rostamian","doi":"10.1155/ijm/9573665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijm/9573665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Candida</i> species, <i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i>, and bacteria are considered to be the main causes of vaginitis. This study investigated the prevalence of candidal, trichomonad, and bacterial vaginitis and factors related to infection in women. This cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the relationship between different individual characteristics and common vaginal infections, namely, candidiasis, trichomoniasis, and bacterial vaginosis. The sample included all women referred to Allameh Bohlool Gonabadi Hospital women's clinic in Gonabad in 2021. After the patient's physical examination and questionnaire completion, samples were taken from the mucous secretions of the cervical vagina and the posterior fornix region using three sterile swabs. The first swab of secretions was placed on three glass slides for microscopic examination. At the same time, the second swab was transferred to the special <i>Trichomonas</i> culture medium (Dorset culture medium) available at the sampling site, observing sterile conditions. The third swab was placed in a test tube with a screw cap containing 5 cc of sterile physiological serum to be transferred to the laboratory. After adding two drops of potassium hydroxide (for elucidation), the first slide was examined under the microscope for the presence of <i>Candida</i> mycelia and buds. The second slide was used for warm staining to diagnose bacterial vaginosis. The third slide was used for Giemsa staining to detect <i>Trichomonas</i>. The swab in the screw-capped tube was stretched in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) medium and kept in an incubator at 35° for 48 h to detect <i>Candida</i>. The prevalence of candidal, trichomonad, and bacterial vaginitis in the admitting women was 5%, 38.5%, and 5.8%, respectively. A significant relationship was found between the history of vaginal infection, trichomonad infection, and candidal infection (<i>p</i> = 0.03). Moreover, significant relationships were observed between bacterial infection and the husband's occupation (<i>p</i> = 0.002), methods of preventing pregnancy (<i>p</i> = 0.01), and menopause (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Vaginal infections are one of the common problems in women of all ages, and by knowing the factors that cause these infections, a big step can be taken to reduce the problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":14098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9573665"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12006687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143998825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyanobacteria-Pesticide Interactions and Their Implications for Sustainable Rice Agroecosystems.","authors":"Sadhana Yadav, Rupanshee Srivastava, Nidhi Singh, Tripti Kanda, Ekta Verma, Piyush Choudhary, Shivam Yadav, Neelam Atri","doi":"10.1155/ijm/7265036","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijm/7265036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modern agricultural practices rely heavily on fertilizers and pesticides to boost crop yields, essential for feeding the growing global population. However, their extensive use poses significant environmental risks. Chemical-based fertilizers and pesticides persist in ecosystems, potentially harming ecological stability. Wetland rice farming utilizing nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria has emerged as an ecofriendly alternative, drawing attention due to its capacity to mitigate pesticide-related issues. Cyanobacteria, capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen, thrive in low-nitrogen conditions and can aid plant growth. Some species can also biodegrade pesticides, offering a means to clean up contaminated environments. Researchers are exploring ways to leverage cyanobacteria's nitrogen fixation and biodegradation abilities for ecofriendly biofertilizers and environmental cleanup. This approach presents promise for sustainable agriculture and environmental preservation. The current study delves into multiple studies to investigate global pesticide usage levels, primary categorization, and persistence patterns. It also investigates cyanobacterial distribution and their interactions with pesticides in wetland rice ecosystems, aiming to enable their use in sustainable agriculture. Additionally, the review provides a thorough summary of the literature's findings about the potential of cyanobacteria in pesticide degradation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7265036"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11978480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixing of Two Microbial Consortia in the Search for Stimulating Chromium Depletion.","authors":"Elcia Margareth Souza Brito, Paola Abigail Martínez-Aldape, Sara Lucia Toscano-Alaniz, César Augusto Caretta, Mónica Jacquelina Martínez-Ramírez, Ramón Eugenio Martínez-Ramírez, Mario Enrique Sandoval-Vergara, Sandra Ixmucamé Concha-Guerrero, Marisol Goñi-Urriza, Alma Hortensia Serafín-Muñoz, Claudia Adriana Ramírez-Valdespino, Rémy Guyoneaud","doi":"10.1155/ijm/8555038","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijm/8555038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two bacterial consortia (C55 and C33), obtained from an industrial residue contaminated with hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), were used to study the behavior of their mixture for depleting this ion in liquid media. In the absence of Cr(VI), C55 showed a greater growth rate than C33, while the latter exhibited biofilm formation. In the presence of this ion, C55 showed resistance up to 800 mg·L^-1 and an ability to diminish up to 400 mg·L^-1 of the Cr(VI) from the medium, while for C33, these concentrations were 400 and 200 mg·L^-1, respectively. Bacterial synergism between these consortia was evaluated using different compound ratios (C55:C33 ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1), growing at 50, 100, and 200 mg·L^-1 Cr(VI). The best half-lives of Cr(VI) decrease were 16, 31, and 98 h, respectively, for the 1:1 mixture. The ability of C33 and the mixed consortia to form biofilms was verified. MiSeq sequencing revealed 4 major populations for C55 (in a total of 14) and 3 for C33 (8), most of which were common. After an isolation process, 2 bacterial strains were obtained from C55 and 4 from C33. Three of these strains (QRePLB33E, similar to <i>Oceanobacillus profundus</i>; QRePLB33G, to <i>Shouchella clausii</i>; and QRePLB55C, to <i>Cellulosimicrobium funkei</i>) showed resistance to Cr(VI) and the ability to remove 100% of it at least up to 300 mg·L^-1. Thus, synergism between different bacterial consortia obtained from the same site is possible and can improve, by complementing their capacities, both the growth rate and the ability to diminish the xenobiotic from the medium.</p>","PeriodicalId":14098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8555038"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11976035/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of a Novel Sepiolite-Ag-Propolis Nanocomposite and Its Effect on the Growth of <i>Aspergillus flavus</i>.","authors":"Elham Rezvannejad, Maryam Fayazi, Batool Sadeghi, Azadeh Boustan, Safa Lotfi","doi":"10.1155/ijm/7371265","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijm/7371265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since aflatoxin produced by <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> carries significant impacts on the livestock and poultry industries in terms of animal health and food safety. It is very important to find nonchemical antifungal agents. For this purpose, in this study, bee propolis and its nanocomposites with sepiolite and Ag nanoparticles were investigated for antifungal activity with respect to their use as safer alternatives for conventional antifungal treatments. In the present study, two newly synthesized sepiolite-propolis and sepiolite-Ag-propolis nanocomposite formulations were characterized with different analytical techniques such as XRD, TEM, FTIR, and EDAX. The antifungal potential was determined against <i>A. flavus</i> by the disc diffusion method, and MIC-MFC values were determined. The pure propolis extract had only limited antifungal activity at concentrations up to 400 mg/mL. However, prominent antifungal activities were observed for nanocomposites with propolis, sepiolite, and Ag nanoparticles, as inhibition was observed even at a low concentration of 200 mg/mL. The sepiolite-Ag-propolis nanocomposite outperformed others by increasing the diameter of inhibition zones proportionally with the increase in concentration. The finding results indicate that propolis-based nanocomposites, especially when combined with Ag nanoparticles, hold a promise for antifungal action against <i>A. flavus</i>. Further work is necessary to test their practical value in agricultural and food safety contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":14098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7371265"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11957862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic-Resistant <i>Salmonella</i> Enteritidis in Raw Chicken Meat of Dhaka City, Bangladesh.","authors":"Shah Jungy Ibna Karim, K B M Saiful Islam, M Rubaiyat Adnan, Md Abir Hassan Sadi, Mahfuzul Islam","doi":"10.1155/ijm/5654730","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijm/5654730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Foodborne zoonotic <i>Salmonella</i> is transmitted through contaminated meat, milk, and eggs. This study is aimed at investigating the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profile of <i>Salmonella</i> Enteritidis isolated from raw chicken meat in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Two hundred raw chicken meat samples were aseptically collected from 20 retail markets located in Dhaka City, and the isolated <i>Salmonella</i> species were identified based on their morphological, cultural, biochemical, and molecular characterization by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The primer sets of the <i>Inv</i>A and Enteritidis-specific STM3098 gene were used for the PCR detection of <i>Salmonella</i> species and <i>S.</i> Enteritidis, respectively. The isolates were then screened for AMR phenotypically and the presence of the tetracycline resistance (<i>Tet</i>A) gene. The prevalence of <i>Salmonella</i> species and <i>S.</i> Enteritidis was 22.5% (<i>n</i> = 45/200) and 18.5% (<i>n</i> = 37/200), respectively. However, the prevalence was constant across all the sample markets (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Tetracycline, amoxicillin, and ampicillin resistance was phenotypically present in all isolates (100%). Furthermore, approximately 70%, 49%, and 30% of <i>S.</i> Enteritidis showed resistance against erythromycin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and ciprofloxacin, respectively. However, <i>S.</i> Enteritidis were sensitive to gentamicin (86.5%), meropenem (64.9%), ciprofloxacin (62.2%), and ceftriaxone (59.5%). The <i>Tet</i>A gene, which causes AMR against tetracycline, was shown to be present in all phenotypically resistant <i>Salmonella</i> species. Multiple antibiotic resistance index (MARI) ranged between 0.3 and 0.8. Overall, multidrug resistant (MDR) <i>Salmonella</i> Enteritidis emerged in the chicken meat along with the presence of a resistance gene that is a threat to human health. Therefore, action must be taken to stop the spread of AMR.</p>","PeriodicalId":14098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5654730"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yi Mai Granule Improves High-Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Metabolites.","authors":"Linlin Pang, Yongming Liu, Changbin Yuan, Yetao Ju, Junpeng Wu, Meijia Cheng, Sian Jin, Ying Fan, Huiyong Zhang, Yu Wang, Dongyu Min","doi":"10.1155/ijm/2273986","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijm/2273986","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Yi Mai granule (YMG) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herbal decoction consisting of two TCM formulas: Gua-Lou-Ban-Xia decoction and Si-Jun-Zi decoction. YMG has shown clinical benefit in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which may be due to its regulatory effects on lipid metabolism. Previous studies have highlighted the importance of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the use of TCM. However, the effect of YMG on the gut microbiota in the treatment of NAFLD remains unclear. In this study, we established an NAFLD model in <i>ApoE^-/-</i> mice and treated them with YMG. High-performance liquid chromatography was adopted to identify the chemical components of YMG. By mapping the candidate targets using network pharmacology, we found that the targets of the main components of YMG were significantly enriched in NAFLD-related pathways. Moreover, <i>16S rRNA</i> gene sequencing revealed that YMG affected the constitution and metabolism of the gut microbiota in NAFLD model mice, including lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Similarly, metabolites related to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in mouse serum were significantly altered by YMG. The correlation heat map and network analyses showed that the gut microbiota and metabolites affected by YMG were closely related to the blood lipid content. Collectively, YMG may exert therapeutic effects by affecting the metabolism of gut microbiota, thus regulating lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. These findings offer novel insight into the pharmacological mechanism of YMG in the treatment of NAFLD and provide theoretical bases for its clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"2273986"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Genetic Landscape of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolated From Hospital Wastewaters: Emergence of Hypervirulent CC8 Strains in Tehran, Iran.","authors":"Fatemeh Sadat Tabatabaie Poya, Mirmohammad Miri, Zahra Salehi, Mohammad Javad Nasiri, Masoud Dadashi, Mehdi Goudarzi","doi":"10.1155/ijm/5458315","DOIUrl":"10.1155/ijm/5458315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective(s):</b> Multidrug-resistant bacteria and priority pathogens, including MRSA, are frequently found in hospital wastewaters. It is crucial to investigate the genetic diversity, biofilm formation, and virulence analysis of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> isolated from hospital wastewaters. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> In this cross-sectional study, 70 <i>S. aureus</i> isolated from hospital wastewaters were subjected to characterization through antimicrobial susceptibility tests, biofilm formation, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and PCR analysis for detecting resistance (<i>mecA</i>, <i>mecC</i>, <i>vanA</i>, <i>vanB</i>, <i>mupB</i>, <i>mupA</i>, <i>msr(A)</i>, <i>msr(B)</i>, <i>erm</i>(A), <i>erm</i>(B), <i>erm</i>(C), <i>tet</i>(M), <i>ant</i> (4⁣')<i>-Ia</i>, <i>aac</i> (6⁣')<i>-Ie/aph</i> (2⁣^″), and <i>aph</i> (3⁣')<i>-IIIa</i>) and virulence genes (<i>eta</i>, <i>etb</i>, <i>pvl</i>, and <i>tst</i>). <b>Results:</b> Our results showed that 55.7%, 31.4%, and 12.9% of isolates were classified as strong, intermediate, and weak biofilm-forming strains, respectively. Our result revealed that about three-quarters of isolates harbored <i>mecA</i> (100%), <i>ant</i> (4⁣')<i>-Ia</i> (100%), <i>tet</i>(M) (92.9%), <i>erm</i>(B) (80%), and <i>msr</i>(A) (74.3%) resistance genes. MLST revealed that the 70 isolates belonged to five clonal complexes, including CC8 (52.9%), followed by CC30 (15.7%), CC5 (14.3%), CC1 (11.4%), and CC22 (5.7%). The vast majority of <i>S. aureus</i> isolates belonged to CC8/ST239-MRSA (21.5%). Among the 39 strong biofilm producers, the majority (25.6%) belonged to CC8/ST239-MRSA clone. Our result revealed that about one-third of Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-positive strains belonged to CC30/ST30. The high-level mupirocin-resistant (HLMUPR) isolates belonged to CC8/ST239-MRSA (36%), CC30/ST30-MRSA (16%), CC8/ST8-MRSA (12%), CC5/ST5-MRSA (12%), CC8/ST585-MRSA (8%), CC5/ST225-MRSA (8%), CC5/ST1637-MRSA (4%), and CC8/ST1465-MRSA (4%) lineages carrying <i>mupA</i>. The VRSA strain belonged to the CC8/ST239-MRSA, CC8/ST8-MRSA, and CC22/ST22-MRSA clonal lineages, carrying the <i>vanA</i> determinant. <b>Conclusion:</b> These findings highlight significant genotypic diversity and high biofilm formation among our isolates. From this study, we identified highly virulent strains of <i>S. aureus</i> associated with biofilm production and drug resistance; some of these strains were highly similar, highlighting the possibility of rapid spread. The high prevalence of CC8 and CC30 clones among <i>S. aureus</i> strains reflects the emergence of these lineages as successful clones in hospital wastewaters in Iran, which is a serious concern. The study highlights the importance of wastewater surveillance to understand genetic pattern and antimicrobial resistance profiles in surrounding communities, which can in turn support public health efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":14098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5458315"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticancer and Antioxidant Activities of Rhizospheric Soil Bacteria of <i>Lophocereus marginatus</i>.","authors":"Jesica María Ramírez-Villalobos, César Iván Romo-Sáenz, Ramiro Quintanilla-Licea, Patricia Tamez-Guerra, Orquídea Pérez-González, José Roberto Estupiñan-Jiménez, Ángel David Torres-Hernández, Nancy Edith Rodríguez-Garza, Cristina Rodríguez-Padilla, Ricardo Gomez-Flores","doi":"10.1155/ijm/1349429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijm/1349429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Identification of new sources of compounds with anticancer and antioxidant potential is essential for cancer treatment. Rhizospheric bacteria have emerged as a promising source of these agents. This study is aimed at investigating the anticancer and antioxidant properties of bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of <i>Lophocereus marginatus</i>. Six rhizobacteria of <i>L. marginatus</i> were isolated and molecularly identified by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene and MALDI-TOF. We evaluated the inhibitory activity of methanol (MeOH) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extracts obtained from rhizobacteria against the murine lymphoma cell line L5178Y-R, as well as normal Vero monkey kidney cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Compared with those of normal cells, the MeOH extract of <i>Paenibacillus</i> sp. PMS-B023 showed selective anticancer activity against lymphoma, with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values of 117.5 <i>μ</i>g/mL and a selectivity index (SI) > 2.1, as compared with those of normal cells. L-Pro-L-Val cycle, gageostatin B, cinnamic acid, parvifloracin, daidzein, genistein, actinomycin D, actinomycin Y4, and surfactin C were detected in the MeOH extract, which may be responsible for its antilymphoma activity. We did not find significant antioxidant activity in any of the extracts evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl technique (IC₅₀ > 250 <i> μ</i>g/mL). The results showed that <i>Paenibacillus</i> sp. PMS-B023 has antitumor potential and selective activity against L5178Y-R lymphoma cells. The presence of anticancer compounds was also demonstrated, as previously described in the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":14098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1349429"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11987078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143998822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Plant Growth-Promoting Activities Exhibited by Root-Associated Bacteria Isolated From Bamboo and Corn.","authors":"Camille Andrea R Flores, Maria Auxilia T Siringan, Mary Ann Cielo V Relucio-San Diego","doi":"10.1155/ijm/6374935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijm/6374935","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant growth-promoting bacteria found in the plant roots and rhizosphere stimulate growth and reduce plant diseases through various direct and indirect mechanisms. They are proven as efficient biofertilizers that enable farmers to reduce or eliminate the use of expensive and environmentally harmful chemical fertilizers. The goal of this study was to isolate, characterize, and identify nitrogen-fixing bacteria with additional plant growth-promoting traits from the roots of bamboo (<i>Bambusa</i> sp.) and corn (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) grown in Cagayan Province, Philippines. A total of 27 bacteria were isolated and identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Selected isolates were also subjected to whole-genome sequencing to obtain accurate identification. The isolates were classified into 12 genera, the majority of which belonged to <i>Leclercia</i>, <i>Pantoea</i>, <i>Klebsiella</i>, and <i>Exiguobacterium</i>. Assays for four plant growth-promoting activities revealed that all isolates exhibited at least two activities in vitro. Four isolates (15%) tested positive for the nitrogen-fixation gene <i>nifH</i>, which was mostly detected in <i>Klebsiella</i> isolates. Eleven (41%) solubilized phosphate and <i>Pantoea</i> isolates showed the highest potential. All strains (100%) synthesized indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and 24 (89%) produced siderophores. Notably, <i>Enterobacter roggenkampii</i> strain B1-01 and <i>Klebsiella oxytoca</i> strain B1-04 displayed all the examined plant growth-promoting traits. Our findings demonstrated that the roots of bamboo and corn host a variety of beneficial bacteria exhibiting significant plant growth-promoting activities under in vitro conditions. These strains could be used for future investigations into microbe-plant interactions and have the potential to be harnessed for various agricultural applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6374935"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11987075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}