International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Coexpression of lymphocyte-activation gene 3 and programmed death ligand-1 in tumor infiltrating immune cells predicts worse outcome in renal cell carcinoma.","authors":"Chan Ho Lee,&nbsp;Soo Jin Jung,&nbsp;Won Ik Seo,&nbsp;Jae Il Chung,&nbsp;Dae Sim Lee,&nbsp;Dae Hoon Jeong,&nbsp;Youkyoung Jeon,&nbsp;Inhak Choi","doi":"10.1177/03946320221125588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03946320221125588","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) represents a potential immune checkpoint target for cancer treatment. We investigated LAG-3 expression and its prognostic value in patients with surgically treated clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and correlated LAG-3 expression with programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated LAG-3 and PD-L1 expression using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays incorporating 134 primary excision specimens of clear cell RCC (ccRCC). The patients were analyzed as two groups: the whole cohort and those with metastatic RCC (mRCC). The cancer genome atlas (TCGA) data analysis of LAG-3 was done through UALCAN web servers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using the UALCAN cancer transcriptional data analysis, we found that LAG-3 was overexpressed in ccRCC. LAG-3 expression was significantly correlated with PD-L1 expression in the whole cohort and in the mRCC group (all, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Both LAG-3⁺ RCC and PD-L1⁺ RCC presented with a higher TNM stage and higher Fuhrman nuclear grade (all, <i>p <</i> 0.05). PD-L1⁺/LAG-3⁺ RCC and PD-L1⁻/LAG-3⁺ RCC showed poorer cancer-specific survival (CSS) than PD-L1⁻/LAG-3⁻ RCC (all, <i>p</i> = 0.01). Similarly, PD-L1⁺/LAG-3⁺ mRCC and PD-L1⁻/LAG-3⁺ mRCC showed poorer CSS than PD-L1⁻/LAG-3⁻ mRCC (all, <i>p <</i> 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that PD-L1⁺/LAG-3⁺ mRCC (hazard ratio: 3.19; 95% CI: 0.77-13.67; <i>p</i> = 0.033) was a predictor of poor CSS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both LAG-3⁺ and PD-L1⁺ RCC have adverse pathological features, and their coexpression predicts worse clinical outcomes. Our findings suggest LAG-3 blockade in combination with programmed cell death 1/PD-L1 blockade as a potential therapeutic approach for RCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":14046,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology","volume":"36 ","pages":"3946320221125588"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1c/e4/10.1177_03946320221125588.PMC9465593.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33455910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The protective mechanism of salidroside modulating miR-199a-5p/TNFAIP8L2 on lipopolysaccharide-induced MLE-12 cells.","authors":"Yang Tan,&nbsp;Yong-Fan Zou,&nbsp;Huang-Bo Zhang,&nbsp;Xu Liu,&nbsp;Chuan-Yun Qian,&nbsp;Ming-Wei Liu","doi":"10.1177/03946320221132712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03946320221132712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Salidroside is used for treating inflammation-based diseases; however, its molecular mechanism is unclear. In this study, we determined the protective role of salidroside on the endotoxin-induced damage caused to the mouse alveolar epithelial type II (MLE-12) cells and its underlying mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An <i>in vitro</i> model for acute lung injury was constructed by inducing the MLE-12 cells using lipopolysaccharide (lipopolysaccharides, 1 mg/L). Then, The MTT assay was conducted to assess the survival rate of the MLE-12 cells in the different groups. After the treatment, apoptosis of MLE-12 cells was determined, and the mRNA and protein expression of miR-199a-5p, HMGB1, NF-kB65, TNFAIP8L2, p-IkB-α, and TLR4 was estimated by Western Blotting and RT-PCR. ELISA was also used to measure the concentration of inflammatory cytokine molecules IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-18 in the cell-free supernatant. Lastly, cell morphology was examined using the AO/EB technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We showed that salidroside reduced the protein and gene expression of HMGB1, NF-kB65, miR-199a-5p, p-IkB-α, and TLR4, whereas it increased the gene and protein expression of TNFAIP8L2. Furthermore, it decreased the concentrations of cytokine molecules like IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-18 in the cell-free supernatant. MLE-12 also showed a lower apoptosis rate, higher survival rate, and better cell morphology.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Salidroside significantly inhibited the LPS-induced MLE-12 cell damage. Our results suggest that this could be by reducing miR-199a-5p and enhancing TNFAIP8L2 expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":14046,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology","volume":"36 ","pages":"3946320221132712"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/68/0e/10.1177_03946320221132712.PMC9551330.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33496550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in vaccinated healthcare workers in Marrakech (Morocco).","authors":"Taoufik Ben Houmich,&nbsp;Abdelali Tali,&nbsp;Fayrouz Debbagh,&nbsp;Asma Lamrani Hanchi,&nbsp;Nabila Soraa","doi":"10.1177/03946320221133697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03946320221133697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had a considerable impact, causing millions of deaths worldwide, including many healthcare workers (HCWs). The pharmaceutical industry has been working diligently since the start of the pandemic to develop various vaccines to fight the spread of the virus and protect the population.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the seroprevalence of neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in vaccinated HCWs at the Mohamed VI University Hospital in Marrakech and to determine the parameters that can influence immune response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study of 138 HCWs was performed between October and December 2021 by measuring IgG antibodies directed against the spike antigen of SARS-CoV-2 using an Abbott Architect^® SARS-CoV-2 IgG II assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 31.42 years, the sex ratio was 2.94 women to each man, and the overall prevalence was 97%. We found 39.5% of the participants had experienced COVID-19 infections pre-vaccination, which decreased to 26.8% after vaccination. Neutralizing antibody titers were dependent on the type of vaccine: they were higher with the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, the number of doses (<i>p</i> < .001), and post-vaccine COVID-19 form. The post-vaccine COVID-19 infection rates were lower with the Sinopharm vaccine.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Heterologous vaccination with non-mRNA and mRNA vaccines and the consideration of post-vaccination COVID-19 infection as a booster could help optimize vaccine results while reducing potential side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":14046,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology","volume":"36 ","pages":"3946320221133697"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0e/02/10.1177_03946320221133697.PMC9558851.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33497618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of TRIM27 prognosis value and immune infiltrates in hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Haichuan Wang, Yu Zhang, Li Yan, Qiang Lv, Jie Lu, Bei Yun","doi":"10.1177/03946320221132986","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03946320221132986","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Up-regulation of tripartite motif-containing 27 (TRIM27) in varieties of tumors found that TRIM27 advanced tumor metastasis and invasion. Nevertheless, the relation of TRIM27 and immune infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the prognostic value of TRIM27 expression is unknown. We assessed TRIM27 association with immune infiltrates and the prognostic value of TRIM27 in HCC. From the Cancer Genome Atlas, we obtained TRIM27 transcriptional expression profiles of HCC and normal tissues. Using the Human Protein Atlas to evaluate the expression TRIM27, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were produced using the STRING database. Functional enrichment analysis was performed by using the clusterProfiler package. The tumor immune estimation resource was used to determine the relation of TRIM27 expression and immune infiltrates. We found that the expression of TRIM27 was up-regulated in HCC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. High TRIM27 expression correlated with high pathologic stage and high TNM stage. The receiver operating characteristic curve of TRIM27 area was 0.946. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed poor prognosis in HCC patients with high expression of TRIM27. Correlation analysis suggested that the expression of TRIM27 was related to immune infiltrates and tumor purity. This study indicated in HCC up-regulated the expression of TRIM27 is correlated to poor survival and immune infiltration. TRIM27 is an underlying target of immune therapy and is an underlying biomarker for poor prognosis in HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":14046,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology","volume":"36 ","pages":"3946320221132986"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ba/69/10.1177_03946320221132986.PMC9558858.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33498705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapamycin as a potent and selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor in breast carcinoma.","authors":"Muhammad Shahidan Muhammad Sakri, Tengku Ahmad Damitri Al-Astani Tengku Din, Hasnan Jaafar, Vinod Gopalan, Wan Faiziah Wan Abdul Rahman","doi":"10.1177/20587384211059673","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20587384211059673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Angiogenesis is the process of new vascular formation, which is derived from various factors. For suppressing cancer cell growth, targeting angiogenesis is one of the therapeutic approaches. Vascular endothelial growth factor family receptors, including Flt-1, Flk-1 and Flt-4, have been found to play an essential role in regulating angiogenesis. Rapamycin is a macrolide compound with anti-proliferative properties, while platelet factor-4 (PF-4) is an antiangiogenic ELR-negative chemokine. Rapamycin inhibits mTOR ligands activation, thus suppressing cell proliferation, while PF-4 inhibits cell proliferation through several mechanisms. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of rapamycin and platelet factor-4 toward breast carcinoma at the proteomic and genomic levels. A total of 60 N-Methyl-N-Nitrosourea-induced rat breast carcinomas were treated with rapamycin, platelet factor-4 and rapamycin+platelet factor-4. The tumours were subsequently subjected to immunohistochemical protein analysis and polymerase chain reaction gene analysis. Protein analysis was performed using a semiquantitative scoring method, while the mRNA expression levels were analysed based on the relative expression ratio. There was a significant difference in the protein and mRNA expression levels for the selected markers. In the rapamycin+platelet factor-4-treated group, the Flt-4 marker was downregulated, whereas there were no differences in the expression levels of other markers, such as Flt-1 and Flk-1. On the other hand, platelet factor-4 did not exhibit a superior angiogenic inhibiting ability in this study. Rapamycin is a potent antiangiogenic drug; however, platelet factor-4 proved to be a less effective drug of anti-angiogenesis on rat breast carcinoma model.</p>","PeriodicalId":14046,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology","volume":"36 ","pages":"20587384211059673"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/47/84/10.1177_20587384211059673.PMC8777331.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39916920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel 8-genome instability-associated lncRNAs signature predicting prognosis and drug sensitivity in gastric cancer","authors":"C. Yi, Xiulan Zhang, Xia Chen, Birun Huang, Jing Song, Minghui Ma, Xiaolu Yuan, Chaohao Zhang","doi":"10.1177/03946320221103195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03946320221103195","url":null,"abstract":"Background Genome instability lncRNA (GILnc) is prevalently related with gastric cancer (GC) pathophysiology. However, the study on the relationship GILnc and prognosis and drug sensitivity of GC remains scarce. Method We extracted expression data of 375 GC patients from TCGA cohort and 205 GC patients from GSE26942 cohort. Then, lncRNA was separated from expression data, and systematically characterized the 8 marker lncRNAs using the LASSO method. Next, we constructed a GILnc model (GILnc score) to quantify the GILnc index of each GC patient. Finally, we analyzed the relationship between GILnc score and clinical traits including survival outcomes, TP53, and drug sensitivity of GC. Results Based on a computational frame, 205 GILncs in GC has been identified. Then, a 8 GILncs was successfully established to predict overall survival in GC patients based on LASSO analysis, divided GC samples into high GILnc score and low GILnc score groups with significantly different outcome and was validated in multiple independent patient cohorts. Furthermore, GILnc model is better than the prediction performance of two recently published lncRNA signatures, and the high GILnc score group was more sensitive to mitomycin. Besides, the GILnc score has greater prognostic significance than TP53 mutation status alone and is capable of identifying intermediate subtype group existing with partial TP53 functionality in TP53 wild-type patients. Finally, GILnc signature as verified in GSE26942. Conclusion We applied bioinformatics approaches to suggest that a 8 GILnc signature could serve as prognostic biomarkers, and provide a novel direction to explore the pathogenesis of GC.","PeriodicalId":14046,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43421358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enriched CD45RA^-CD62L⁺ central memory T and decreased CD3⁺CD56⁺ natural killer T lymphocyte subsets in the rectum of ulcerative colitis patients.","authors":"Masaya Iwamuro,&nbsp;Takahide Takahashi,&nbsp;Natsuki Watanabe,&nbsp;Takehiro Tanaka,&nbsp;Toshihiro Inokuchi,&nbsp;Sakiko Hiraoka,&nbsp;Fumio Otsuka,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Okada","doi":"10.1177/20587384211051982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20587384211051982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the distinctive features of lymphocytes promoting inflammation in ulcerative colitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and colorectal mucosa lymphocytes in ulcerative colitis patients (<i>n</i> = 13) and control patients (<i>n</i> = 5).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CD62L⁺/CD3⁺CD4⁺ (35.7 ± 14.0% vs. 19.9 ± 6.4%) and CD62L⁺/CD3⁺CD4^- cells (17.1 ± 17.4% vs. 2.4 ± 3.9%) were higher in the rectum of ulcerative colitis patients than in control patients. Subpopulation analysis revealed that CD45RA^-CD62L⁺/CD3⁺CD4⁺, that is, central memory T cell fraction in CD4⁺ T cells, was significantly increased in the rectum of ulcerative colitis, compared to that in control patients (23.3 ± 10.5% vs. 8.2 ± 4.0%). Comparison of rectum and colon samples in ulcerative colitis patients indicated that CD56⁺/CD3⁺ was decreased in the rectum compared to that in the colon (11.3 ± 12.5% vs. 21.3 ± 16.5%). The ratio of CD56⁺/CD3⁺ was also decreased in the rectum of active ulcerative colitis patients compared to that in ulcerative colitis patients at the endoscopic remission stages (2.8 ± 1.7% vs. 18.5 ± 13.3%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We demonstrated that CD62L⁺ T lymphocytes, particularly the CD45RA^-CD62L⁺ T cell subset that represents central memory T cells, were increased in the rectum of patients with ulcerative colitis. In addition, the CD56⁺/CD3⁺ subset (natural killer T cells) was decreased in the rectum compared to that of less inflamed colonic mucosa. These results suggest that the enrichment of central memory T lymphocytes and the reduction of natural killer T cells in the gut mucosa are involved in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14046,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology","volume":"36 ","pages":"20587384211051982"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/37/a2/10.1177_20587384211051982.PMC8796091.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39677000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune system and atherosclerosis: Hostile or friendly relationship","authors":"Iman Razeghian-Jahromi, Ali Karimi Akhormeh, M. Razmkhah, M. Zibaeenezhad","doi":"10.1177/03946320221092188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03946320221092188","url":null,"abstract":"Coronary artery disease has remained a major health challenge despite enormous progress in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies. Formation of atherosclerotic plaque is a chronic process that is developmentally influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic determinants. Inflammation triggers atherosclerosis, and the fundamental element of inflammation is the immune system. The immune system involves in the atherosclerosis process by a variety of immune cells and a cocktail of mediators. It is believed that almost all main components of this system possess a profound contribution to the atherosclerosis. However, they play contradictory roles, either protective or progressive, in different stages of atherosclerosis progression. It is evident that monocytes are the first immune cells appeared in the atherosclerotic lesion. With the plaque growth, other types of the immune cells such as mast cells, and T lymphocytes are gradually involved. Each cell releases several cytokines which cause the recruitment of other immune cells to the lesion site. This is followed by affecting the expression of other cytokines as well as altering certain signaling pathways. All in all, a mix of intertwined interactions determine the final outcome in terms of mild or severe manifestations, either clinical or subclinical. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to precisely understand the kind and degree of contribution which is made by each immune component in order to stop the growing burden of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In this review, we present a comprehensive appraisal on the role of immune cells in the atherosclerosis initiation and development.","PeriodicalId":14046,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48378107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between cytokine concentration kinetics and prolonged fever in febrile neutropenic children with bacteremia","authors":"Seongkoo Kim, S. Han, J. Kang","doi":"10.1177/03946320221095015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03946320221095015","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Although prolonged fever in patients with neutropenic fever (NF) during empirical antibiotic therapy could be caused by dysregulated immune responses, its association with cytokine concentrations has rarely been investigated. This study determined the kinetics of cytokine concentrations in pediatric patients with NF and bacteremia and evaluated the impact of cytokine concentration kinetics on prolonged fever. Methods: Concentrations of 13 cytokines were measured on the initial day of NF (Day 1) and 3 days (Day 4) and 7 days (Day 8) later in 10 patients with NF with bacteremia, and their kinetics was determined. The results for each cytokine concentration on each sampling day were compared for patients with fever that lasted ⩾3 days and those with fever that lasted <3 days. Results: Interleukin (IL)-6 (p < .001) and IL-10 (p = .001) concentrations were significantly higher on Day 1 than on Days 4 and 8. However, the increased IL-6 (p = 1.000) and IL-10 (p = 1.000) concentrations on Day 1 were not associated with prolonged fever (⩾3 days). For other cytokines, the concentrations measured on Days 1, 4, and 8 were similar regardless of fever duration. Conclusion: Prolonged fever in patients with NF and bacteremia was not associated with a prolonged increase in a specific cytokine concentration.","PeriodicalId":14046,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47360965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Garcinia kola treatment exhibits immunomodulatory properties while not affecting type 1 diabetes development in an experimental mouse model","authors":"M. Cetkovic-Cvrlje, S. Rogan, Emily Barbaro","doi":"10.1177/20587384211069831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20587384211069831","url":null,"abstract":"Objective T cells orchestrate an inflammatory response that destroys pancreatic insulin-producing β cells during the development of autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D). Garcinia kola Heckel (GK) is a plant widely exploited in West African traditional medicine. Some of the therapeutic effects of GK nut’s extract (GKE) have been suggested to be due to its anti-inflammatory potential. Since GKE has never been investigated in a T1D experimental model, nor in the T cells’ context, we aimed to determine whether GKE exhibits antidiabetic properties and affects T cells by its anticipated anti-inflammatory action. Methods The effect of aqueous GKE (aGKE) ingestion, 100 mg/kg daily by drinking water over the period of 6 weeks, has been tested in a low-dose streptozotocin-induced (LDSTZ) mouse model of autoimmune T1D. T cells were studied in vitro and in vivo in mice treated by aGKE. Results The results showed that aGKE treatment, which started a week before induction of disease, neither delayed the development of T1D, nor reduced glycemia severity. Interestingly, aGKE treatment did affect T cells and their function, significantly decreasing the frequency of helper (TH) and cytotoxic (TC) T cells, while elevating the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, IL-6, and IFN-γ, and suppressing IL-2. Conclusion In conclusion, our results did not confirm the antidiabetic property of GKE, while suggesting its therapeutic exploration in TH2-dependent pathologies that benefit from an aggravated TH1 response, such as allergies.","PeriodicalId":14046,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43968652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}