International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"C1q/TNF-related protein-1: Potential biomarker for early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder.","authors":"Hamed Raeisy, Paria Bayati, Farshid Noorbakhsh, Mitra Hakim Shooshtari, Mehrdad Eftekhar Ardebili, Mehdi Shekarabi, Nazanin Mojtabavi","doi":"10.1177/03946320221079471","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03946320221079471","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are neurodevelopmental diseases characterized by communication inabilities, social interaction impairment, repetitive behavior, as well as learning problems. Although the exact mechanism underlying this disease is still obscure, researchers believe that several factors play a significant role in its development and pathogenesis. Some authors have reported an association between adipokines family and autism. C1q/TNF-related protein-1 (CTRP1) is a member of the adipokines family, and we hypothesized that this adipokine might have an influential role in the pathogenesis of ASDs. Since there is no specific marker for screening the disease, we evaluated CTRP1 as a potential marker for achieving this purpose.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Blood samples were collected from 82 (41 ASDs boys, 41 healthy boys as controls) children aged 5-7 years old. CTRP1 gene expression and CTRP1 serum level were measured by quantitative realtime-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was found that CTRP1 is significantly elevated in autistic children in comparison to healthy controls, both at the gene expression level, as well as at the serum level; demonstrating a good diagnostic value with a good range of sensitivity and specificity for detecting ASDs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CTRP1 expression is elevated in ASDs boys aged 5-7 years old, suggesting a role for this adipokine in ASDs pathophysiology. Also, receiver operating characteristic curve analyses revealed that this adipokine could be utilized as a diagnostic biomarker for differentiating ASDs patients from healthy individuals along with other recently proposed biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":14046,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology","volume":"36 ","pages":"3946320221079471"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2b/f4/10.1177_03946320221079471.PMC8883289.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39648355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated analysis of the genomic and transcriptional profile of gliomas with isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 and tumor protein 53 mutations.","authors":"Han-Qing Liu,&nbsp;Wei-Xin Li,&nbsp;Ya-Wen An,&nbsp;Tao Wu,&nbsp;Guang-Yu Jiang,&nbsp;Yu Dong,&nbsp;Wei-Xin Chen,&nbsp;Jian-Chun Wang,&nbsp;Cheng Wang,&nbsp;Shuo Song","doi":"10.1177/03946320221139262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03946320221139262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The gene mutation of isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) is commonly found in LGG and some GBM patients and usually carries tumor protein 53 (TP53) mutations. However, the underlying mechanisms on both mutations of glioma patients in IDH1 and TP53 are still unclear. <b>Aim:</b> To find the potential target markers in GBM and LGG patients with IDH1 and TP53 mutation.<b>Method:</b> A total of 1122 glioma patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas were enrolled and divided as wild-type (without IDH1 and TP53 mutations) or both mutant (both IDH1 and TP53 mutations). The data of clinicopathological characteristics, mRNA, mutations, and copy number alteration were analyzed. <b>Results:</b> IDH1 and TP53 mutations, not gene expression, affect the survival probability of GBM and LGG patients, which might be related to neuron function, immune function, tumor invasion, and metastasis. The effects of the selected gene (EMILIN3, SAA1, VSTM2A, HAMP, IFT80, and CHIC2) on glioma patients could be regulated by IDH1 and TP53 mutations and had a higher survival possibility in these patients. <b>Conclusions:</b> The selected genes in GBM and LGG patients with IDH1 and TP53 mutations could be a potential prognosis marker in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":14046,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"3946320221139262"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bb/2e/10.1177_03946320221139262.PMC9669701.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40488058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coexpression of lymphocyte-activation gene 3 and programmed death ligand-1 in tumor infiltrating immune cells predicts worse outcome in renal cell carcinoma.","authors":"Chan Ho Lee,&nbsp;Soo Jin Jung,&nbsp;Won Ik Seo,&nbsp;Jae Il Chung,&nbsp;Dae Sim Lee,&nbsp;Dae Hoon Jeong,&nbsp;Youkyoung Jeon,&nbsp;Inhak Choi","doi":"10.1177/03946320221125588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03946320221125588","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) represents a potential immune checkpoint target for cancer treatment. We investigated LAG-3 expression and its prognostic value in patients with surgically treated clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and correlated LAG-3 expression with programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated LAG-3 and PD-L1 expression using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays incorporating 134 primary excision specimens of clear cell RCC (ccRCC). The patients were analyzed as two groups: the whole cohort and those with metastatic RCC (mRCC). The cancer genome atlas (TCGA) data analysis of LAG-3 was done through UALCAN web servers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using the UALCAN cancer transcriptional data analysis, we found that LAG-3 was overexpressed in ccRCC. LAG-3 expression was significantly correlated with PD-L1 expression in the whole cohort and in the mRCC group (all, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Both LAG-3⁺ RCC and PD-L1⁺ RCC presented with a higher TNM stage and higher Fuhrman nuclear grade (all, <i>p <</i> 0.05). PD-L1⁺/LAG-3⁺ RCC and PD-L1⁻/LAG-3⁺ RCC showed poorer cancer-specific survival (CSS) than PD-L1⁻/LAG-3⁻ RCC (all, <i>p</i> = 0.01). Similarly, PD-L1⁺/LAG-3⁺ mRCC and PD-L1⁻/LAG-3⁺ mRCC showed poorer CSS than PD-L1⁻/LAG-3⁻ mRCC (all, <i>p <</i> 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that PD-L1⁺/LAG-3⁺ mRCC (hazard ratio: 3.19; 95% CI: 0.77-13.67; <i>p</i> = 0.033) was a predictor of poor CSS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both LAG-3⁺ and PD-L1⁺ RCC have adverse pathological features, and their coexpression predicts worse clinical outcomes. Our findings suggest LAG-3 blockade in combination with programmed cell death 1/PD-L1 blockade as a potential therapeutic approach for RCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":14046,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology","volume":"36 ","pages":"3946320221125588"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1c/e4/10.1177_03946320221125588.PMC9465593.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33455910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The protective mechanism of salidroside modulating miR-199a-5p/TNFAIP8L2 on lipopolysaccharide-induced MLE-12 cells.","authors":"Yang Tan,&nbsp;Yong-Fan Zou,&nbsp;Huang-Bo Zhang,&nbsp;Xu Liu,&nbsp;Chuan-Yun Qian,&nbsp;Ming-Wei Liu","doi":"10.1177/03946320221132712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03946320221132712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Salidroside is used for treating inflammation-based diseases; however, its molecular mechanism is unclear. In this study, we determined the protective role of salidroside on the endotoxin-induced damage caused to the mouse alveolar epithelial type II (MLE-12) cells and its underlying mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An <i>in vitro</i> model for acute lung injury was constructed by inducing the MLE-12 cells using lipopolysaccharide (lipopolysaccharides, 1 mg/L). Then, The MTT assay was conducted to assess the survival rate of the MLE-12 cells in the different groups. After the treatment, apoptosis of MLE-12 cells was determined, and the mRNA and protein expression of miR-199a-5p, HMGB1, NF-kB65, TNFAIP8L2, p-IkB-α, and TLR4 was estimated by Western Blotting and RT-PCR. ELISA was also used to measure the concentration of inflammatory cytokine molecules IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-18 in the cell-free supernatant. Lastly, cell morphology was examined using the AO/EB technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We showed that salidroside reduced the protein and gene expression of HMGB1, NF-kB65, miR-199a-5p, p-IkB-α, and TLR4, whereas it increased the gene and protein expression of TNFAIP8L2. Furthermore, it decreased the concentrations of cytokine molecules like IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-18 in the cell-free supernatant. MLE-12 also showed a lower apoptosis rate, higher survival rate, and better cell morphology.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Salidroside significantly inhibited the LPS-induced MLE-12 cell damage. Our results suggest that this could be by reducing miR-199a-5p and enhancing TNFAIP8L2 expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":14046,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology","volume":"36 ","pages":"3946320221132712"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/68/0e/10.1177_03946320221132712.PMC9551330.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33496550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in vaccinated healthcare workers in Marrakech (Morocco).","authors":"Taoufik Ben Houmich,&nbsp;Abdelali Tali,&nbsp;Fayrouz Debbagh,&nbsp;Asma Lamrani Hanchi,&nbsp;Nabila Soraa","doi":"10.1177/03946320221133697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03946320221133697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had a considerable impact, causing millions of deaths worldwide, including many healthcare workers (HCWs). The pharmaceutical industry has been working diligently since the start of the pandemic to develop various vaccines to fight the spread of the virus and protect the population.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the seroprevalence of neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in vaccinated HCWs at the Mohamed VI University Hospital in Marrakech and to determine the parameters that can influence immune response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study of 138 HCWs was performed between October and December 2021 by measuring IgG antibodies directed against the spike antigen of SARS-CoV-2 using an Abbott Architect^® SARS-CoV-2 IgG II assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 31.42 years, the sex ratio was 2.94 women to each man, and the overall prevalence was 97%. We found 39.5% of the participants had experienced COVID-19 infections pre-vaccination, which decreased to 26.8% after vaccination. Neutralizing antibody titers were dependent on the type of vaccine: they were higher with the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, the number of doses (<i>p</i> < .001), and post-vaccine COVID-19 form. The post-vaccine COVID-19 infection rates were lower with the Sinopharm vaccine.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Heterologous vaccination with non-mRNA and mRNA vaccines and the consideration of post-vaccination COVID-19 infection as a booster could help optimize vaccine results while reducing potential side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":14046,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology","volume":"36 ","pages":"3946320221133697"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0e/02/10.1177_03946320221133697.PMC9558851.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33497618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of TRIM27 prognosis value and immune infiltrates in hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Haichuan Wang, Yu Zhang, Li Yan, Qiang Lv, Jie Lu, Bei Yun","doi":"10.1177/03946320221132986","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03946320221132986","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Up-regulation of tripartite motif-containing 27 (TRIM27) in varieties of tumors found that TRIM27 advanced tumor metastasis and invasion. Nevertheless, the relation of TRIM27 and immune infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the prognostic value of TRIM27 expression is unknown. We assessed TRIM27 association with immune infiltrates and the prognostic value of TRIM27 in HCC. From the Cancer Genome Atlas, we obtained TRIM27 transcriptional expression profiles of HCC and normal tissues. Using the Human Protein Atlas to evaluate the expression TRIM27, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were produced using the STRING database. Functional enrichment analysis was performed by using the clusterProfiler package. The tumor immune estimation resource was used to determine the relation of TRIM27 expression and immune infiltrates. We found that the expression of TRIM27 was up-regulated in HCC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. High TRIM27 expression correlated with high pathologic stage and high TNM stage. The receiver operating characteristic curve of TRIM27 area was 0.946. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed poor prognosis in HCC patients with high expression of TRIM27. Correlation analysis suggested that the expression of TRIM27 was related to immune infiltrates and tumor purity. This study indicated in HCC up-regulated the expression of TRIM27 is correlated to poor survival and immune infiltration. TRIM27 is an underlying target of immune therapy and is an underlying biomarker for poor prognosis in HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":14046,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology","volume":"36 ","pages":"3946320221132986"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ba/69/10.1177_03946320221132986.PMC9558858.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33498705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is there any predictor for relapse after treatment withdrawal in autoimmune hepatitis patients in the real life?","authors":"Bilger Çavuş,&nbsp;Filiz Akyuz,&nbsp;Raim İliaz,&nbsp;Alp Atasoy,&nbsp;Umit Akyuz,&nbsp;Kadir Demir,&nbsp;Fatih Besisik,&nbsp;Sabahattin Kaymakoglu","doi":"10.1177/03946320221077860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03946320221077860","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Backgrounds and aims: </strong>In autoimmune hepatitis, there are uncertainties about whether to discontinue the treatment, when the treatment should be discontinued, and the risks of relapse in the cases where remission is achieved with immunosuppressive therapy. In this study, patients with AIH, whose immunosuppressive treatments were discontinued, were evaluated for the rates of remission and the risk of relapse.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 119 patients, who were diagnosed with AIH based on the AIHG scoring systems between 1990 and 2015, were evaluated. Patients were receiving standard azathioprine and steroid therapy. The treatment was discontinued in patients, who had been receiving treatment for at least 2 years, who had no clinical complaints, and whose aminotransferases were normal and when an increase occurred in AST values more than two times the normal after the treatment was interrupted, the case was considered as a relapse.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the patients, 83%(<i>n</i> = 99) were women. When the patients were diagnosed with AIH, their mean age was 36 ± 16(8-79) years; 70.6%(<i>n</i> = 84) were type 1, 3.4%(<i>n</i> = 4) type 2, and 26%(<i>n</i> = 31) were autoantibody-negative AIH. At the time of discontinuation, liver biopsy was performed in 8 of the patients and minimal-mild abnormalities were detected. Patients whose treatment was discontinued received treatment for an average of 101 ± 75(range: 24-280, median: 68.5) months; and, they were followed up for an average of 19 (1-110) months during the period without medication. Relapse occurred in 67%(<i>n</i> = 12) of the patients with drug withdrawal. Relapse occurred within the first 12 months in 67% of these patients (<i>n</i> = 8) and developed with an acute hepatitis attack in 42%. None of the clinical, laboratory, and histological data were found to be effective on relapse.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients with AIH, relapse occurs in two-thirds of patients within an average of 19 month after the discontinuation of the medication. Most relapses occur at the early period and they are accompanied by an acute hepatitis attack.</p>","PeriodicalId":14046,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology","volume":"36 ","pages":"3946320221077860"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4a/eb/10.1177_03946320221077860.PMC8855400.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39928205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network pharmacology and bioinformatics analyses identify the intersection genes and mechanism of Huang Bai for recurrent aphthous stomatitis.","authors":"Lulu Tang,&nbsp;Ling Huang,&nbsp;Yingtao Lai","doi":"10.1177/03946320221129134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03946320221129134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) are complex inflammatory diseases caused by multi-factors, which severely impact patient quality of life. However, there is still no effective treatment method for RAS without side effects. Traditionally, Cortex Phellodendri known as \"Huang Bai\" was used to treat RAS for antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties in China. Network pharmacology methods and bioinformatics analysis were utilized to search and fish incorporating target. Network analysis and silico validation were used to discover the pharmacological mechanisms of \"Huang Bai\" for the treatment of RAS. A total of 25 active ingredients in HB, 200 drug targets, and 578 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between Recurrent aphthous stomatitis and normal samples were obtained. The Gene Ontology enrichment analysis revealed that the immune response was the most significantly enriched term within the DEGs. The KEGG pathway analysis identified 60 significant pathways, most of which involved in the inhibition of inflammation and regulation of immunological response. The functions are dependent on a multi-pathway, particularly the TNF signaling pathway and the HIF-1 signaling pathway. We identified six hub genes in the PPI network, most of which were validated as highly expressed in oral ulcers by DiseaseMeth databases. In addition, molecular docking displayed that the primary molecule combined well with the key targets. \"Huang Bai\" contains potential anti-RAS active compounds. This study reflects the multi-component multi-target multi-pathway action characteristics of \"Huang Bai.\" Our study provides potential biomarkers or treatment targets for further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":14046,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"3946320221129134"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/28/f7/10.1177_03946320221129134.PMC9528005.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40392505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Luteolin loaded on zinc oxide nanoparticles ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease associated with insulin resistance in diabetic rats <i>via</i> regulation of PI3K/AKT/FoxO1 pathway.","authors":"Esraa Sa Ahmed,&nbsp;Hebatallah E Mohamed,&nbsp;Mostafa A Farrag","doi":"10.1177/03946320221137435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03946320221137435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a worldwide health problem with high prevalence and morbidity associated with obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and dyslipidemia. Nano-formulation of luteolin with Zn oxide in the form of Lut/ZnO NPs may improve the anti-diabetic property of each alone and ameliorate the insulin resistance thus management of NAFLD. This study aimed to measure the efficiency of Lut/ZnO NPs against insulin resistance coupled with NAFLD and T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A diabetic rat model with NAFLD was induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (30 mg/kg I.P). Serum diabetogenic markers levels, lipid profile, and activity of liver enzymes were measured beside liver oxidative stress markers. Moreover, the hepatic expressions of PI3K/AKT/FoxO1/SERBP1c as well as heme oxygenase-1 were measured beside the histopathological examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lut/ZnO NPs treatment effectively reduced hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and ameliorated insulin resistance. Additionally, Lut/ZnO NPs improved the hepatic functions, the antioxidant system, and reduced the oxidative stress markers. Furthermore, the lipid load in the liver, as well as the circulating TG and TC, was minified <i>via</i> the suppression of lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis. Moreover, Lut/ZnO NPs activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, hence inactivating FoxO1, therefore enhancing the hepatic cells' insulin sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lut/ZnO NPs have a hepatoprotective effect and may relieve the progression of NAFLD by alleviating insulin resistance, ameliorating the antioxidant status, and regulating the insulin signal pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":14046,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"3946320221137435"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/17/e2/10.1177_03946320221137435.PMC9630902.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40447789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of vaccinated COVID-19 patients: A meta-analysis and systematic review.","authors":"Wen Tian,&nbsp;Xingxiang Ren,&nbsp;Mei Han,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Zhang,&nbsp;Xu Gao,&nbsp;Zhihai Chen,&nbsp;Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1177/03946320221141802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03946320221141802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>With the global epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), vaccination rates are increasing globally. This study evaluated the relevant clinical manifestations of vaccinated COVID-19 patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched carefully in 11 databases such as PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Ovid, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Wan Fang Data, Sinomed, VIP Database, and Reading Showing Database up to 26 March 2022. To search for articles that have described the characteristics of vaccinated patients including epidemiological and clinical symptoms. Statistical analysis of the extracted data using STATA 14.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 58 articles and 263,708 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients were included. Most of the patients in the vaccinated group had more asymptomatic infection and fewer severe illnesses. There were significant differences in ethnicity, and strain infected with COVID-19, and comorbidities (hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity, kidney disease, immunocompromised, cardiovascular disease, and tumor) and symptoms (fever, cough, gastrointestinal symptoms, neurological symptoms, and dysgeusia/anosmia) between vaccinated group and unvaccinated group. Oxygen support, use of steroid, days in hospital, hospital treatment, ICU treatment, death, and poor prognosis were also significantly different.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared with the vaccinated group, patients in the unvaccinated group had a more severe clinical manifestations. Vaccines are also protective for infected people.</p>","PeriodicalId":14046,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"3946320221141802"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fa/de/10.1177_03946320221141802.PMC9692180.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40505727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}