International Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants最新文献

{"title":"Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) – a myriad medicinal plant, secrets behind the innumerable benefits","authors":"Paramesh Hanumanthaiah, Hazaratali Panari, Abreham Chebte, Abeba Haile, G. Belachew","doi":"10.48347/IMIST.PRSM/AJMAP-V6I1.20401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48347/IMIST.PRSM/AJMAP-V6I1.20401","url":null,"abstract":"Tulsi ( Ocimum sanctum ) is an omnipresent, multipurpose plant and regarded as holy plant in Hindu religion finds place in front of every Hindu household. This herb is a member of Lamiaceae family, well known for its spiritual, religious and medicinal importance in India. Scientific investigations of traditional belief of medicinal properties of Tulsi have got impetus mostly in the later part of the 20th century. Characteristically, the plant imparts a pungent, bitter, hot, light and dry effect indicating the presence of curative value. It is extensively famous and has been used since centuries in Ayurvedic and Greek medicines owing to its beneficially diverse properties. The scientific fact behind these benefits owe to the presence of phytochemicals in leaves like flavonoids, phenol, terpenoids, alkaloids, eugenol and others which impart ability to overcome the infection by the target cells. The ability can be antimicrobial, pharmacological, any therapeutic, nutritional value or even leveraging of certain levels of phytochemicals thus bringing about the cellular protection. This review is an attempt to present brief information available on the religious values, studies on physiological aspects, antimicrobial properties, pharmacological application, therapeutic uses, phytochemical analysis, animal nutrition supplement and biotechnological studies comprising molecular marker usage, genome sequencing, bioinformatics and nanotechnological studies in Tulsi.","PeriodicalId":14019,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"13 1","pages":"105-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81470355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils and Extracts of Oleo-Gum Resins from Boswellia papyrifera (Tarak tarak) Grown in Some Parts of the Sudan","authors":"A. Abdelsamad, K. Ahmed, A. Z. Almagboul, Eltayeb Fadul","doi":"10.48347/IMIST.PRSM/AJMAP-V6I1.20370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48347/IMIST.PRSM/AJMAP-V6I1.20370","url":null,"abstract":"Three samples (Kordofan, Damazine and Nagawa) of oleo-gum resins of Boswellia papyrifera grown in some parts of Sudan were subjected to screening with the objective of evaluating their antimicrobial activity. The essential oils of the three samples showed high antibacterial activity against all tested bacteria ( Basillus subtilis , Staphylococcus aureus , E chercshia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi ) with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of 5 - 10 µg/ ml. In addition, they demonstrated antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger , Aspergillus flavus and Candida albicans with MIC of 5 µg/ ml. Petroleum ether extracts and acid fractions derived from the three samples showed high antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus , E chercshia coli and Basillus subtilis . Chloroform extracts and non-acid fractions of both Kordofan and Damazine frankincense suppressed the growth of Basillus subtilis , Echercshia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Salmonella typhi showed resistance to all used materials except the non-acid fraction from Kordofan frankincense. Furthermore, all tested bacteria (excluding Basillus subtilis ) and fungi (except Candida albicans ) showed resistance to the methanolic and water extracts. The essential oils and various extracts from Sudanese Boswellia papyrifera can be of potential use as antimicrobial age","PeriodicalId":14019,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"124 1","pages":"22-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80202903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of mass transfer during continuous drying of Urtica urens leaves","authors":"H. Moussaoui, A. Idlimam, A. Lamharrar, Z. Tagnamas, M. Kouhila, Younes Bahammou","doi":"10.48347/IMIST.PRSM/AJMAP-V6I1.20415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48347/IMIST.PRSM/AJMAP-V6I1.20415","url":null,"abstract":"Urtica urens is one of the main medicinal plants used in the pharmaceutical industry and traditional medicine. It is necessary to know the process of drying and storage of this product. This work is a contribution to the understanding of the mass transfer mechanisms by modeling the drying process of the Urtica urens leaves. The isothermal diffusive model is based on solving the one-dimensional Fick equation. Moreover, an algorithm of minimization compiled by MATLAB is used in this study to get the optimal parameters of the model. The results showed a reasonably good agreement between the values predicted from the model and the experimental observations. This confrontation has helped to identify the diffusion coefficient and the activation energy of the Urtica urens leaves. The effective diffusivity values changed from 4.94 10 -11 to 9.66 10 -11  within the given temperature range, and the activation energy was found to be 29.34 . In fact, the proposed model accurately describes, on a macroscopic scale, mass transfer processes in the product.","PeriodicalId":14019,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"23 1","pages":"36-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82507503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Ethnomedicinal Plants by the People Living in the Middle Atlas Mountains in Morocco","authors":"N. Hamamouch","doi":"10.35248/2167-0412.20.9.349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0412.20.9.349","url":null,"abstract":"Morocco has a high level of biodiversity and endemism of medicinal plants. However, these plants are threatened by the growing human population and climate change. The loss of medicinal plants will have a potential negative impact on the population who rely heavily on these plants for the treatments of diseases. The objective of the present study was to document ethnomedicinal knowledge use to treat different human ailments from people living in the Middle Atlas Mountains of Morocco. Field work was conducted between March and May of 2017. Data was collected from 320 users through a questionnaire survey. Results of the study indicate that people of the Middle Atlas use 44 plant species mostly herbs (66%) for ethnomedicinal purposes. The highest the Informant Consensus Factor value (0.93) was obtained for gastrointestinal problems followed by respiratory infections (0.92), and neurological problems (0.82), and based on the species Use Value, the five most commonly used ethnomedicinal plants species were Thymus vulgaris, Mentha pulegium, Aloysia citriodora, Rosmarinus officinalis, Lavandula dentata and M. rotundifolia. The present study showed that traditional treatment using medicinal plants in widespread in the study area. Protection measures should be taken to conserve precious multipurpose species that are facing overexploitation. Moreover, medicinal plants treating major ailments in the region may be subjected to phytochemical and pharmacological investigations for the identification of bioactive compounds.","PeriodicalId":14019,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"30 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81630843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Dried Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana bertoni) Leaf and its Infusion Nutritional Profile","authors":"Abdela Befa, A. Gebre, T. Bekele","doi":"10.35248/2167-0412.20.9.360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0412.20.9.360","url":null,"abstract":"Stevia is a recently cultivated kitchen garden as vegetables and on a large scale by entrepreneurs in Ethiopia for herbal production due to its potential uses as the sweetener (250-330 times sweeter than table sugar). The demand for Stevia currently increased due to its low calories and medicinal values. However, there is no such information about their Nutritional profile evaluation in dried form and its infusion in Ethiopia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate of dried Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana bertoni) Leaf and its infusion Nutritional profile. The dried Stevia leaf had 5.5 g/100 g moisture, 8.2 g/100 g ash,16.2 g/100 g crude protein, 3.8 g/100 g crude fat, 7.9 g/100 g crude fiber, 58.8 g/100 g carbohydrate,359.6 mg/100 g Ca, 102.9 mg/100 g Na,347.4 mg/100 g K, 324.1 mg/100 g Mg, 297.9 mg/100 g Fe, 3.7 mg/100 g Zn, 1.1 mg/100 g Cu and 9.4 mg/100 g Mn, 5.3 mg GAE*/g Total Phenolic Content (TPC), 28.6 mg CE/g Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), 4.6 mg CE/g Condensed Tannin Content (CTC), 0.04 (IC-50, g/mL) DPPH scavenging activity, 6.67 mg AAE/g Ferric Reducing Power (FRAP) and 1.92 mg BHTE/g Total Antioxidant (TAA). This study provides evidence on the nutritional profile of dried Stevia leaf and its infusion.","PeriodicalId":14019,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85504465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Note on Medicinal Plants in Curing Diseases and Boosting Immunity","authors":"M. SindhuSri","doi":"10.35248/2167-0412.20.9.E181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0412.20.9.E181","url":null,"abstract":"The Medicinal & Aromatic Plants aims to broadcast the latest findings from systematic explorations in the areas of Medicinal Plants, Medicinal Herbs, Plant Medicine, Aromatic Plants, and Fragrant Plants; Healing Herbs; Aromatic Flowers, Common Medicinal Plants, Aromatic Crops, History of Medicinal Plants and Aromatic Shrubs. The journal lays special emphasis on the Medicinal Plants, Aromatic Plants and the associated Aromatic Compounds.","PeriodicalId":14019,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86366198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moringa peregrina a Natural Medicine for Increasing Immunity Defense against the COVID-19","authors":"A. A. Moustafa, S. Mansour","doi":"10.35248/2167-0412.20.9.358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0412.20.9.358","url":null,"abstract":"Moringa peregrina belongs to family Moringaceae that have only one genus called Moringa. This genus has only thirteen species from tropical and subtropical environments. Moringa oleifera and M. peregrina are the most dominant species between them. This review aimed to conclude and investigate the chemical composition, medicinal uses in folk medicine, traditional knowledge usage and how could these ingredients raise up the human immunity for human against COVID-19. The question addressed here, if the known requirements for avoiding infection and curing from corona disease became very well as a medicinal protocols for defense and curing form such disease (e.g. group of known vitamins, analgesic and protective materials), so could we use the Moringa peregrina as a natural drug as a medical treatment for corona sick people and for protection from catching the infection? Based on our previous studies and collected literatures we found that Moringa leaves and seeds have sufficient amounts of Vitamin C, Vitamin A, Calcium and Potassium. Meantime, historically and recently M. peregrina has wide range of traditional, nutritional, industrial, and medicinal values. It is used in folk medicine for many human health care purposes such as fever, muscle pain, and asthma and these symptoms are mainly symptoms for sick people of COVID-19. Different recent studies proved that it can be used for other diseases such as diabetes, wound healing, disinfectant, constipation, slimness, burns, labor pain, hypertension, malaria, stomach disorder, skin problems. It has been recorded also that Moringa peregrina characterized by its many pharmacological activities such as anti-microbial, antispasmodic, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, lowering lipid activity, anti-cancer, antioxidant and memory disorders. Its chemical analysis results revealed the presence of active group of compounds such as flavonoid, isothiocyanate, phytosterol, triterpenoid, glycoside and polyphenol. Based on these chemical findings and its historical review in the folk medicinal we recommend using seeds and leaves of M. peregrina as natural drug for COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":14019,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79732495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Cadmium and Acanthopanax senticosus Extract on the Activities of Immune Cells in Mice Spleen","authors":"A. Smalinskiene, N. Savickienė, D. Pangonytė, Artūras Kašauskas, V. Žitkevičius, I. Stanevičienė, I. Sadauskienė","doi":"10.35248/2167-0412.20.9.343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0412.20.9.343","url":null,"abstract":"Cadmium is an environmental hazard which suppress humoral and cellular immune response of immune cells. Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Harms (AS) is a widely used adaptogen containing triterpenoid saponins, flavonoids and polysaccharides. AS improves immune response enhancing activities of immune cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of liquid extract of AS to moderate immunotoxic effects of cadmium. The effects of AS extract on accumulation of Cd as well as on levels of splenic immune cells after chronic treatment with CdCl2 were investigated. BALB/c mice were periodically injected intraperitoneal (i.p.) for 6 weeks with CdCl2 and AS extract solutions of two different concentrations in deionized water: 0.05 LD50 AS; 0.10 LD50 AS; 0.05 LD50 Cd2+; 0.05 LD50 Cd2+ and 0.05 LD50 AS; 0.05 LD50 Cd2+ and 0.10 LD50 AS. Control group mice were periodically injected i.p. with the saline solution. The levels of macrophages, T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes were determined by immunohistochemistry using, respectively, CD68, CD3 and CD20 antibodies. The results showed that periodical injection of CdCl2 and CdCl2 together with AS caused increase of Cd2+ concentration in the spleen as compared to control and AS groups. Injections of cadmium increased the number of macrophages. AS extract and/or Cd2+ did not change the number of T lymphocytes. AS extract significant increase the number of B lymphocytes in comparison to control group, furthermore the number of B lymphocytes was higher in Cd+AS 0.1 LD50 group than in mice injected with CdCl2 only.","PeriodicalId":14019,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"87 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72922914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro Antisickling and Sub Chronic Toxicity Studies of the Ethanol Extract of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius in Wistar Rats","authors":"M. Cyril-Olutayo, Akinola No, Temitope A. Adeyemo, I. Oyemitan, R. Bejide, J. Agbedahunsi","doi":"10.35248/2167-0412.20.9.344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0412.20.9.344","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The current study investigated the mechanism(s) of action of the antisickling property of Cnidiscolus aconitifolius ethanol extract and determined its histopathological effects on the liver, kidney and spleen of Wistar rats. Methods: The antisickling properties of C. aconitifolius (CA) ethanol extract was tested at different concentrations, using the inhibitory and reversal models. Its effect on the density and mean cell volume of Hb S red blood cells was evaluated using the discontinuous density gradient assay. Ciklavit®, an antisickling nutritional supplement was employed as positive while phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.0) was the negative control. Changes in percentage Red Cell Count (RBC) and Mean Cell Volume (MCV) in each density fraction were determined. Quantification of extracellular potassium leakage of RBC before and after incubation with CA extract was also conducted. CA was evaluated for its acute toxicity (LD50) while sub-acute toxicity was evaluated by oral administration to Wistar rats for 28 days at 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight. Rats were anaesthetized on the 29th day and blood collected through cardiac puncture for hematological analysis. The liver, kidney and spleen of the rats were harvested for histopathological examinations. Results: The results showed that the percentage of dense cells in blood treated with CA was reduced significantly (p<0.05) compared to positive control. CA increased MCV of cells and inhibited basal potassium efflux with a rightward shift in the dose-response curve. The median lethal dose (LD50) of CA was 3808 mg/kg; neither mortality nor structural or histological alterations were observed in the liver, kidney and spleen at the administered dose. The extract of CA enhanced erythropoiesis. Conclusion: C. aconitifolius extract prevented potassium efflux and reduced red cell density in vitro. The CA crude extract was safe for consumption and increased the production of red blood cells in vivo.","PeriodicalId":14019,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84870717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastroprotective Effect of Gnetum africanum Ethanolic Extract on Acetic acid induced Peptic Ulcer on Adult Wistar Rats","authors":"S. Ugwu, Rai, C. Ani, C. Nworgu, Pamela Anyaeji, Ugwu Princewill, Nnamdi Ejim, Nwachukwu Daniel","doi":"10.35248/2167-0412.20.9.354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0412.20.9.354","url":null,"abstract":"Peptic ulcer disease also known as stomach ulcer is a break in the lining of the stomach, first part of the small< intestine or occasionally the lower esophagus. Twenty five Wistar rats of both sexes weighing between 180-250 grams< were purchased, housed in metallic cages and maintained under standard environmental conditions at 27 ± 0.13°C at< 12 hr light/dark cycle and relative humidity of 29 ± 0.22%. They were allowed to acclimatize for one week (7 days)< and were fed on standard rodent diet and have free access to drinking water. However, they were divided into five< groups of five rats per group, labeled A to E. Group A: served as Normal control and received normal feed and< distilled water ad libitium Group B: induced with ulcer and left untreated) Groups C, D and E were induced with< ulcer and treated with 20 mg/kg Omeprazole 200 mg/kg GALE extract, 400 mg/kg dose of GALE extract< respectively. Hence, pretreatment with the extracts showed a significant (P<0.05) increase in pH value coupled with< significant decrease in gastric volume when compared with the ulcerated untreated group. Also from Table 3 below, it< was shown that normal control group (A) showed a 100% protection as no ulcer was inducted into the group. Among< the groups induced with ulcerations, the group that received 20 mg/kg omeprazole as standard drug had the best< protection against ulceration followed by group D (400 mg/kg bw of GALE) while group C (200 mg/kg GALE) had a< 50% protection against severe ulceration. GALE has been observed to possess phytonutrients with excellent< antioxidant properties that play significant role in the management of ulceration or other toxicity related disorders.< Treatment with Gnetum africanum leaf extract significantly reduced these parameters. In fact, the effect elicited by the< extracts compared favorably with both normal control and the omeprazole treated groups.","PeriodicalId":14019,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":"43 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85119015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}