International Journal of Inflammation最新文献

{"title":"JNK Signaling Pathway Suppresses LPS-Mediated Apoptosis of HK-2 Cells by Upregulating NGAL.","authors":"Mei Han,&nbsp;Yuxia Pan,&nbsp;Mengying Gao,&nbsp;Junli Zhang,&nbsp;Fan Wang","doi":"10.1155/2020/3980507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3980507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the role of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway in upregulated NGAL expression and its antiapoptotic mechanism in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated renal tubular epithelial cell injury.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In vitro, HK-2 cells were divided into five groups (Con, LPS 1 h, LPS 3 h, LPS 6 h, and LPS 12 h groups) based on the time of LPS (10 <i>μ</i>M) treatment. NGAL and caspase-3 gene expression levels were detected by RT-PCR to assess dynamic changes. HK-2 cells were pretreated with SP600125 (20 <i>μ</i>M) for 2 hours, followed by LPS (10 <i>μ</i>M) stimulation for 3 hours. NGAL and caspase-3 gene expression levels were then determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NGAL mRNA was increased significantly within 6 hours, and caspase-3 mRNA was increased within 3 hours after treatment (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed a high correlation between their expression (<i>r</i> = 0.448, <i>P</i> < 0.05). After pretreatment with SP600125, mRNA expression of NGAL in the LPS group was inhibited, while that of caspase-3 was increased significantly. The NGAL mRNA expression level in the SB + LPS group was decreased significantly compared with that in the LPS group, but it was slightly higher than that in the SP group (∼1.5 times of that in the Con group). However, caspase-3 mRNA expression was increased significantly in the SB + LPS group (<i>P</i> < 0.001) (3.5 times of that in the Con group). It also showed a significant increase compared with SP and LPS groups (<i>P</i> < 0.001 vs. SB group; <i>P</i> < 0.05 vs. LPS group). We also found that NGAL and caspase 3 proteins were increased significantly in LPS and SP + LPS groups, but SP600125 decreased the NGAL level by almost 35% and increased the caspase 3 level by 50% in the SP + LPS group compared with the LPS group (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The JNK signaling pathway inhibits LPS-mediated apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells by upregulating NGAL.</p>","PeriodicalId":14004,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Inflammation","volume":"2020 ","pages":"3980507"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/3980507","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37906109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of Proinflammatory Cytokines in <i>Cutibacterium acnes</i>-Induced Inflammation in HaCaT Cells by Using <i>Buddleja davidii</i> Aqueous Extract.","authors":"Anh Thu Nguyen,&nbsp;Ki-Young Kim","doi":"10.1155/2020/8063289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8063289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acne is an inflammatory skin disorder; although some anti-inflammatory medicines for treating acne are available in a market, they have considerable side effects; therefore, new treatment options are needed. In the present study, among the 16 aqueous extracts of plants collected from Jeju Island in Korea which are used to test anti-inflammatory activity, <i>B. davidii</i> showed the strong decline of the proinflammatory cytokine expression against the inflammatory process caused by <i>C. acnes</i> in Human HaCaT keratinocyte cells. <i>B. davidii</i> downregulated the expression of 57% of COX-2, 41% of iNOS, and proinflammatory cytokines 29% of TNF-<i>α</i>, 32% of IL-1<i>β</i>, 21% of IL-6, and 35% of IL-8. Furthermore, <i>B. davidii</i> inhibited NF-<i>κ</i>B and MAPK signaling cascades in keratinocytes that activated by toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2) in response to <i>C. acnes</i>. Given those results, <i>B. davidii</i> is a potential agent to reduce the proinflammatory cytokine expression against <i>C. acnes</i>-induced inflammation and might provide an alternative to the current medications.</p>","PeriodicalId":14004,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Inflammation","volume":"2020 ","pages":"8063289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/8063289","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37906110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Effects of the Combination of Alpha-Lipoic Acid (ALA) and Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity.","authors":"Eman Aly Khalifa,&nbsp;Ahmed Nabil Ahmed,&nbsp;Khalid Shaaban Hashem,&nbsp;Ahmad Gad Allah","doi":"10.1155/2020/5369797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5369797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nephrotoxicity of cisplatin has been recognized since its introduction more than 25 years ago. However, despite intense efforts to develop less toxic and equally effective alternatives, cisplatin continues to be widely prescribed. <i>Aim and Objectives</i>. The study is aimed at assessing the possible prophylactic effect of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) (separately or in combination) on experimentally cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. <i>Subjects and Methods</i>. An experimental study was performed on adult male albino rats (<i>n</i> = 40), weighing 200-250 g. Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: group I (normal saline control), group II (cisplatin control), group III (CoQ10 and cisplatin), group IV (ALA and cisplatin), and group V (CoQ10, ALA, and cisplatin). CoQ10 and/or ALA were given as pretreatment for 9 days, followed by cisplatin injection in the 10th day of the study, followed by a short posttreatment course for 3 days. Renal functions, tissue antioxidant activity, and inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor, TNF) were estimated along with histopathological study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Renal function tests and urinary proteins were significantly higher within group II compared with other groups (<i>P</i> value <0.001). Creatinine clearance was significantly higher with combination therapy (group V compared to other groups). Both TNF and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly higher within group II whereas GSH content, catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly lower in group II. MDA level was significantly lower when combination therapy was used. Marked renal damage was histologically detected in the cisplatin group, whereas the least renal damage was noticed in the combination group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study confirmed the role of antioxidants in preventing nephrotoxicity caused by cisplatin; the prophylactic effect of combined therapy with CoQ10 and ALA is superior to that of monotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":14004,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Inflammation","volume":"2020 ","pages":"5369797"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/5369797","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37867176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methylation Pattern of the SOCS3 and IL6R Promoters in Rheumatoid Arthritis.","authors":"Marek Cieśla,&nbsp;Bogdan Kolarz,&nbsp;Maria Majdan,&nbsp;Dorota Darmochwał-Kolarz","doi":"10.1155/2020/8394659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8394659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays an essential function in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), mainly through its proinflammatory effect, which may lead to joint destruction. The genes encoding IL-6 receptor (<i>IL6R</i>) and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (<i>SOCS3</i>) play a key role in the IL-6 signaling pathway, but their epigenetic regulation remains unclear. The aim of the study was to investigate how the presence of methylation in the <i>SOCS3</i> and <i>IL6R</i> promoters is associated with the morbidity and severity of RA. A total of 146 unrelated individuals, 122 with RA and 24 healthy controls, were enrolled in the study. All subjects were genotyped with regard to the rs4969168 and rs4969170 polymorphisms in the <i>SOCS3</i> gene and the rs2228145 and rs4129267 polymorphisms in <i>IL6R</i>. The methylation study included 52 patients with RA and 24 healthy controls. Qualitative real-time methylation-specific PCR was used to evaluate methylation status. We found no differences between patients and healthy controls in the methylation pattern in the <i>IL6R</i> and <i>SOCS3</i> promoter regions and in variants frequency. The methylation profiles of the <i>SOCS3</i> and <i>IL6R</i> promoters do not support the hypothesis that the genes <i>SOCS3</i> and <i>IL6R</i> involved in the JAK-STAT signaling pathway are epigenetically deregulated in whole blood.</p>","PeriodicalId":14004,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Inflammation","volume":"2020 ","pages":"8394659"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/8394659","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37835720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caveolin-1 Scaffolding Domain Peptide Regulates Colon Endothelial Cell Survival through JNK Pathway.","authors":"Kai Fang,&nbsp;Christopher G Kevil","doi":"10.1155/2020/6150942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6150942","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It has been reported that pathological angiogenesis contributes to both experimental colitis and inflammatory bowel disease. Recently, we demonstrated that endothelial caveolin-1 plays a key role in the pathological angiogenesis of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis. However, the molecular mechanism of caveolin-1 regulation of endothelial function is unknown. In this study, we examined how the antennapedia- (AP-) conjugated caveolin-1 scaffolding domain (AP-Cav) modulates vascular endothelial growth factor- (VEGF-) dependent colon endothelial cell angiogenic responses, as seen during colitis. We used mouse colon endothelial cells and found that AP-Cav significantly inhibited VEGF-mediated bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation into colon microvascular endothelial cells. AP-Cav significantly blunted VEGF-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) phosphorylation at 10 minutes and 2 hours after stimulation, compared with the AP control peptide. AP-Cav + VEGF-A treatment also significantly increased c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation at 2 hours. AP-Cav + VEGF-A treatment significantly downregulated retinoblastoma (Rb) protein levels, upregulated cleaved caspase-3 protein levels at 4 hours, and induced apoptosis. Thus, our study suggests that disruption of endothelial caveolin-1 function via the AP-Cav diverts VEGF signaling responses away from endothelial cell proliferation and toward apoptosis through the inhibition of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling and the induction of JNK-associated apoptosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14004,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Inflammation","volume":"2020 ","pages":"6150942"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/6150942","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39811341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Submucosal Injection of Plasma-Rich Platelets on Blood Inflammatory Markers for Patients with Bimaxillary Protrusion Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment","authors":"Trefa Mohammed Ali Mahmood, O. F. Chawshli","doi":"10.1155/2019/6715871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6715871","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives The present study aims to reveal the systemic effects of submucosal injection of plasma-rich platelets (PRP) on blood inflammatory markers which was used in an attempt to reduce the retraction time of the upper canine following extraction of upper maxillary premolars for patients with bimaxillary protrusion. Hypothesis No change on comparing the values of blood inflammatory markers before and after submucosal injection of PRP. Methods Eighteen female patients with bimaxillary protusion were selected from patients seeking orthodontic treatment from the College of Dentistry/University of Sulaimai, whose maxillary and mandibular first premolars were decided to be extracted after proper diagnosis. Thirty-three blood markers (twenty hematological and thirteen biochemical markers) were estimated before orthodontic bracketing, 24 hours and 7 days following submucosal injection of PRP (5 cc) to reveal the systematic effect of PRP on blood inflammatory markers that were used in an attempt to reduce the retraction time of the upper canine following extraction of upper maxillary premolars for patients with bimaxillary protrusion. Results The results indicate nonsignificant differences in the values of all blood markers except for gamma GT (GGT), PDWa, serum albumin, serum total protein, and total calcium. Gamma level significantly increased for both test intervals. On the other hand, there was a significant drop in the value of PDWa while for alkaline phosphatase, there was a drop within the first 24 hr of PRP injection while after 7 days the value was significantly increased. On the other hand, there was a drop in the level of serum albumin, while there was an increase in the serum total protein and total calcium. Conclusion Submucosal injection of PRP could lead to systematic alteration of blood parameters including ALK phosphatase, gamma GT, serum albumin, and serum total protein, which may be related to liver function in addition to increase in the level of PDWa and serum calcium. We present evidence that PRP contains and may trigger systemic effect. Thus, further investigation is recommended to follow up the patient for a longer period of time and on a larger sample. This trial is registered with U1111-1221-8829 by Sri Lanka Clinical Trial Registry, SLCTR/2018/040, and No. 64 on 6th August 2018 at the local clinical studies database, College of Dentistry.","PeriodicalId":14004,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Inflammation","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90102762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Juvenile Recurrent Parotitis: The Role of Sialendoscopy","authors":"E. Papadopoulou-Alataki, Panagiotis Dogantzis, A. Chatziavramidis, S. Alataki, Panagiota Karananou, Kyriaki Chiona, I. Konstantinidis","doi":"10.1155/2019/7278907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7278907","url":null,"abstract":"Juvenile recurrent parotitis (JRP) is a recurrent parotid inflammation of nonobstructive, nonsuppurative nature. It manifests in childhood and usually resolves after puberty but may also persist into adulthood. JRP is characterized by recurrent episodes of unilateral or/and bilateral parotid swelling with pain, reduction of salivary secretion, swallowing difficulty, fever, and malaise. The cause of this condition remains obscure. Throughout the last two decades, many therapeutic methods have been used in order to reduce the frequency and severity of JRP. During the acute episodes, conservative approaches (antibiotics, analgesics, sialogogues, massage of the parotid gland, and mouth rinses) are used. Parotidectomy has been suggested in rare selective occasions. Recently, a promising concept of sialendoscopy, which is a minimal invasive endoscopic technique, has been applied. This review outlines the literature on JRP focusing on methods and challenges in diagnosing JRP along with the differential diagnosis of JRP and the function of the parotid during JRP. In addition, we describe the treatment options for JRP, pointing out the importance of sialendoscopy as a diagnostic and treatment procedure that offers improvement in patients' daily life.","PeriodicalId":14004,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Inflammation","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76417064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skin Acute Wound Healing: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Luis Cañedo-Dorantes, Mara Cañedo-Ayala","doi":"10.1155/2019/3706315","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2019/3706315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Experimental work of the last two decades has revealed the general steps of the wound healing process. This complex network has been organized in three sequential and overlapping steps. The first step of the inflammatory phase is an immediate response to injury; primary sensory neurons sense injury and send danger signals to the brain, to stop bleeding and start inflammation. The following target of the inflammatory phase, led by the peripheral blood mononuclear cells, is to eliminate the pathogens and clean the wound. Once this is completed, the inflammatory phase is resolved and homeostasis is restored. The aim of the proliferative phase, the second phase, is to repair wound damage and begin tissue remodeling. Fibroplasia, reepithelialization, angiogenesis, and peripheral nerve repair are the central actions of this phase. Lastly, the objective of the final phase is to complete tissue remodeling and restore skin integrity. This review provides present day information regarding the status of the participant cells, extracellular matrix, cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, as well as their interactions with the microenvironment during the wound healing process.</p>","PeriodicalId":14004,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Inflammation","volume":"2019 ","pages":"3706315"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2019-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6582859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37400138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetics and Inflammatory Markers: A Systematic Review of the Current Evidence.","authors":"Valentina Gonzalez-Jaramillo, Eliana Portilla-Fernandez, Marija Glisic, Trudy Voortman, Mohsen Ghanbari, Wichor Bramer, Rajiv Chowdhury, Tamar Nijsten, Abbas Dehghan, Oscar H Franco, Jana Nano","doi":"10.1155/2019/6273680","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2019/6273680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epigenetic mechanisms have been suggested to play a role in the genetic regulation of pathways related to inflammation. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review studies investigating the association between DNA methylation and histone modifications with circulatory inflammation markers in blood. Five bibliographic databases were screened until 21 November of 2017. We included studies conducted on humans that examined the association between epigenetic marks (DNA methylation and/or histone modifications) and a comprehensive list of inflammatory markers. Of the 3,759 identified references, 24 articles were included, involving, 17,399 individuals. There was suggestive evidence for global hypomethylation but better-quality studies in the future have to confirm this. Epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) (n=7) reported most of the identified differentially methylated genes to be hypomethylated in inflammatory processes. Candidate genes studies reported 18 differentially methylated genes related to several circulatory inflammation markers. There was no overlap in the methylated sites investigated in candidate gene studies and EWAS, except for <i>TMEM49,</i> which was found to be hypomethylated with higher inflammatory markers in both types of studies. The relation between histone modifications and inflammatory markers was assessed by one study only. This review supports an association between epigenetic marks and inflammation, suggesting hypomethylation of the genome. Important gaps in the quality of studies were reported such as inadequate sample size, lack of adjustment for relevant confounders, and failure to replicate the findings. While most of the studies have been focused on C-reactive protein, further efforts should investigate other inflammatory markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":14004,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Inflammation","volume":"2019 ","pages":"6273680"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2019-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6530203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37061078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological Characteristics of the Thymus and Spleen and the Subpopulation Composition of Lymphocytes in Peripheral Blood during Systemic Inflammatory Response in Male Rats with Different Resistance to Hypoxia.","authors":"Dzhuliia Sh Dzhalilova,&nbsp;Anna M Kosyreva,&nbsp;Mikhail E Diatroptov,&nbsp;Natalia A Zolotova,&nbsp;Ivan S Tsvetkov,&nbsp;Vladimir A Mkhitarov,&nbsp;Olga V Makarova,&nbsp;Dmitry N Khochanskiy","doi":"10.1155/2019/7584685","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2019/7584685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>On the model of the systemic inflammatory response (SIRS), induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the morphological and functional changes in the thymus and spleen and the subpopulation composition of peripheral blood lymphocytes of rats differing in resistance to hypoxia were studied. It was demonstrated that the level of endotoxin in blood serum after 3 hours of LPS administration in susceptible-to-hypoxia rats was 64 times higher than in the control group, while in tolerant-to-hypoxia animals it was only 8 times higher in 6 hours. After 24 hours of LPS injection, only in susceptible-to-hypoxia rats did the level of C-reactive protein in blood serum increase. There is a difference in the dynamics of morphological changes of lymphoid organs after LPS injection in tolerant- and susceptible-to-hypoxia animals. After 3 hours of LPS administration, the tolerant-to-hypoxia rats showed no changes in the thymus, spleen, and subpopulation composition of lymphocytes in peripheral blood. After 6 hours there was only a decrease in B-lymphocytes and increase in cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and NK cells. After 1 day of LPS injection, the tolerant-to-hypoxia rats had devastation in PALS of the spleen. After 3 hours of LPS injection the susceptible-to-hypoxia animals had reactive changes in the lymphoid organs: decrease of the thymus cortex, narrowing of the marginal zones of spleen lymphoid follicles, widening of their germinal centers, and a decrease in the absolute number of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, NK cells, and B-lymphocytes. After 24 hours of LPS injection the tolerant-to-hypoxia animals had a greater absolute number of T-lymphocytes and NK cells in comparison with the susceptible rats. Thus, in animals with different resistance to hypoxia the LPS-induced SIRS is characterized by different dynamics of morphological and functional changes of the thymus and spleen. The obtained data will serve as a basis for the development of new individual approaches to the prevention and treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":14004,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Inflammation","volume":"2019 ","pages":"7584685"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2019/7584685","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37212724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}