International Journal of Immunogenetics最新文献

{"title":"Redundancy and absurd names in immunology","authors":"Piotr Kuśnierczyk","doi":"10.1111/iji.12660","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iji.12660","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this short review, examples of unnecessary multiple names of cell membrane molecules, for example, immune checkpoints and cytokines, are presented. Moreover, ridiculous or inaccurate names, such as ‘Regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted’ and ‘tissue factor’, are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":14003,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunogenetics","volume":"51 3","pages":"125-129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iji.12660","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139968629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting flow cytometry crossmatch results from single-antigen bead testing","authors":"Patrick A. Flynn,&nbsp;Sebastian Fernando,&nbsp;Judith E. Worthington,&nbsp;Kay V. Poulton","doi":"10.1111/iji.12658","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iji.12658","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The aim of this study was to devise an algorithm that would predict flow cytometry crossmatch (FCXM) results using single-antigen bead (SAB) mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) levels using samples received through the National External Quality Assurance Scheme (NEQAS) 2B external proficiency testing scheme between 2019 and 2023. A total of 159 serum samples were retrospectively screened using LABScreen Single Antigen Class I and II (SAB), and 40 peripheral blood samples were human leucocyte antigen (HLA) typed with LABType SSO. Donor-specific antibodies were identified for each cell–serum combination tested, and cumulative MFI values were calculated for each test before correlating the screening result with the consensus crossmatch results for this scheme. HLA Class I MFIs were combined to predict the T cell crossmatch. For the B cell crossmatch prediction, two options were considered: (i) HLA Class II MFI values alone and (ii) HLA Class I + Class II MFIs. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was carried out to identify the combined MFI threshold that predicted NEQAS consensus results with the greatest sensitivity and specificity. HLA Class I combined MFI &gt;5000 predicted T cell crossmatch results with 96% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% positive predictive value (PPV) and 92% negative predictive value (NPV). For B cell results, HLA Class I + Class II combined MFIs &gt;11,000 gave the best model, showing 97% sensitivity, 82% specificity, 96% PPV and 85% NPV. However, for samples with only HLA Class II sensitization, combined MFIs &gt;13,000 improved the B cell crossmatch predictions: 92% sensitivity, 95% specificity, 96% PPV and 91% NPV. Using this model, combined MFI can be used to predict the immunological risk posed by donor-specific antibodies when it is not possible to carry out an FCXM.</p>","PeriodicalId":14003,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunogenetics","volume":"51 2","pages":"93-99"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139905598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, update October, November and December 2023","authors":"Steven G. E. Marsh,&nbsp;for the WHO Nomenclature Committee for Factors of the HLA System","doi":"10.1111/iji.12657","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iji.12657","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14003,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunogenetics","volume":"51 2","pages":"100-123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139729572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saliva direct PCR protocol for HLA-DQB1*02 genotyping","authors":"Angeles Carrillo,&nbsp;María Jimena Manzur,&nbsp;Maximiliano Juri Ayub","doi":"10.1111/iji.12656","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iji.12656","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Celiac disease (CD) is an immune disorder, that is triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals. The HLA-DQB1*02 allele is the main predisposing genetic factor and a candidate for first-line genotyping screening. We designed and validated a simple, DNA purification-free PCR protocol directly from crude saliva, enabling the detection of the DQB1*02 allele. This assay also distinguishes homozygous from heterozygous carriers. We propose this method for use in mass screening and/or epidemiological studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14003,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunogenetics","volume":"51 2","pages":"89-92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139650747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the AGT gene with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus in Northeast China","authors":"Huitao Wu,&nbsp;Xuan Zhang,&nbsp;Guiling Lin,&nbsp;Qi Zhang,&nbsp;Ziman He,&nbsp;Zhe Wang,&nbsp;Wenlu Xu,&nbsp;Xiyu Yin,&nbsp;Linglan Su,&nbsp;Yanping Zhuang,&nbsp;Aimin Gong","doi":"10.1111/iji.12655","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iji.12655","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the correlation between susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs699, rs4762 and rs1926723 in the AGT gene in the population of Northeast China, while also introducing a new method for early detection of SLE. <b>A total of 856 cases of SLE patients and healthy volunteers</b> who attended the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2020 to December 2022 were recruited. Clinical information and biood samples were collected from particpants in this study. SNaPshot sequencing technology was used to sequence the bases of the rs699, rs4762 and rs1926723 in the AGT gene. The genetic stability of SNPs was analysed by means of Hardy–Weinberg (HWE) genetic equilibrium. The study examined the correlation between genetically stable SNPs and susceptibility to SLE using logistic regression analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rs699 did not adhere to the principles of the HWE genetic equilibrium (<i>p</i> &lt; .01). Conversely, both rs4762 and rs1926723 conformed to the HWE genetic equilibrium (<i>p</i> &gt; .05). However, no significant differences in genotypes and alleles frequencies of the rs4762 were observed between the two groups (<i>p</i> &gt; .05). Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the distribution of AG, GG genotypes frequency and G allele frequency at the rs1926723 between the two groups (<i>p</i> &lt; .001). Individuals with AG and GG genotypes and the G allele had a significantly lower frequency of SLE, indicating a potential genetic protective factor against susceptibility to the SLE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The SNPs rs1926723 may be linked to the susceptibility to SLE, and the AG, GG genotypes and the G allele may be important protective factors for the development of SLE in Northeast China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14003,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunogenetics","volume":"51 2","pages":"81-88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iji.12655","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139542043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive molecular biomarkers for monitoring solid organ transplantation: A comprehensive overview","authors":"Jeffy J Fernando,&nbsp;Raja Biswas,&nbsp;Lalitha Biswas","doi":"10.1111/iji.12654","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iji.12654","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Solid organ transplantation is a life-saving intervention for individuals with end-stage organ failure. Despite the effectiveness of immunosuppressive therapy, the risk of graft rejection persists in all viable transplants between individuals. The risk of rejection may vary depending on the degree of compatibility between the donor and recipient for both human leucocyte antigen (HLA) and non-HLA gene-encoded products. Monitoring the status of the allograft is a critical aspect of post-transplant management, with invasive biopsies being the standard of care for detecting rejection. Non-invasive biomarkers are increasingly being recognized as valuable tools for aiding in the detection of graft rejection, monitoring graft status and evaluating the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy. Here, we focus on the importance of molecular biomarkers in solid organ transplantation and their potential role in clinical practice. Conventional molecular biomarkers used in transplantation include HLA typing, detection of anti-HLA antibodies, killer cell immunoglobulin–like receptor genotypes, and anti-MHC class 1–related chain A antibodies, which are important for assessing the compatibility of the donor and recipient. Emerging molecular biomarkers include the detection of donor-derived cell-free DNA, microRNAs (regulation of gene expression), exosomes (small vesicles secreted by cells), and kidney solid organ response test, in the recipient's blood for early signs of rejection. This review highlights the strengths and limitations of these molecular biomarkers and their potential role in improving transplant outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14003,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunogenetics","volume":"51 2","pages":"47-62"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iji.12654","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139417020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene polymorphisms of an interleukin-23 receptor associated with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis in the Western Chinese Han population","authors":"Ruyu Ren,&nbsp;Huiling Tan,&nbsp;Xuean Wang,&nbsp;Li Wang,&nbsp;Bin Yang","doi":"10.1111/iji.12652","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iji.12652","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease which is closely related to genetic background. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been found to play an important role in the development of RA. This study intends to investigate the links between gene polymorphisms in the interleukin-23 receptor (<i>IL23R</i>) and interleukin 17A (<i>IL17A</i>) and susceptibility to RA in the Western Chinese Han population. Four SNPs (rs6693831 T &gt; C, rs1884444 G &gt; T, and rs7517847 T &gt; G in <i>IL23R</i> gene, and rs2275913 G &gt; A in <i>IL17A</i> gene) were genotyped in 246 RA patients and 362 healthy controls by high resolution melting analysis. The comparative analyses among genotype distributions, clinical indicators, and IL-17A and IL-23R levels in RA patients were also performed. The study revealed that the SNP rs6693831 and rs1884444 of <i>IL23R</i> had a significant association with RA susceptibility. The frequencies of rs6693831 genotype CC and allele C were significantly higher in the RA group and associated with higher RA risk compared with genotype TT and allele T (OR = 7.797, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.072–14.932 and OR = 5.984, 95%CI = 3.190–11.224, respectively). The TT genotype of rs1884444 appeared to decrease the RA risk compared with the GG genotype (OR = .251, 95%CI = .118–.536). The genotype CC and allele C of rs6693831 and the genotype GG and allele G of rs1884444 may be risk factors for RA. <i>IL23R</i> gene polymorphisms may be involved in the risk of RA susceptibility in the Western Chinese Han population.</p>","PeriodicalId":14003,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunogenetics","volume":"51 2","pages":"72-80"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139402796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced human leukocyte antigen mismatching is associated with more favourable outcomes after unrelated donor haematopoietic stem cell transplantation","authors":"Beatrice Valatkaite-Rakstiene,&nbsp;Rita Cekauskiene,&nbsp;Tadas Zvirblis,&nbsp;Arturas Jakubauskas","doi":"10.1111/iji.12651","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iji.12651","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The patient–donor human leukocyte antigen (HLA) match remains the most important prognostic factor for successful unrelated donor haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (UD-HSCT). This single-centre study comprised 125 adult patients with malignant haematological diseases undergoing their first UD-HSCT. The primary goal of this study was to validate the impact of HLA matching on HSCT outcomes, specifically at the HLA-DPB1 and HLA-DRB3/4/5 loci. A multivariable Cox regression analysis with a backward selection algorithm was employed to assess the associations of selected prognostic factors with outcomes after UD-HSCT. Any HLA locus mismatch was found to be associated with an increased incidence of grade II–IV acute graft versus host disease (aGvHD) at 100 days (<i>p</i> = .031; hazard ratio [HR] 1.935) and 6 months (<i>p</i> = .004; HR 2.284) after HSCT. The results of the following analyses also confirmed the strong impact of HLA-DPB1-only mismatch on the incidence of grade II–IV aGvHD at 100-day (<i>p</i> = .006; HR 2.642) as well as at 6-month (<i>p</i> = .007; HR 2.401) time periods. The HLA-DPB1-only mismatch was also shown to be statistically significantly associated with lower relapse incidence (<i>p</i> = .034; HR 0.333). The impact of the HLA-DRB3/4/5 mismatch on outcomes was inconclusive, though the two and more HLA-DPB1 + DRB3/4/5-only mismatches showed a trend towards worse outcomes than a single mismatch. Based on our findings and those of more comprehensive studies, the extended HLA loci typing of patients and donors is suggested to avoid unexpected HLA mismatches during the UD selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":14003,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunogenetics","volume":"51 2","pages":"63-71"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139110882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UK NEQAS and BSHI guideline: Laboratory testing and clinical interpretation of HLA genotyping results supporting the diagnosis of coeliac disease","authors":"Deborah Pritchard,&nbsp;Arthi Anand,&nbsp;Amy De'Ath,&nbsp;Helena Lee,&nbsp;Margaret Tracey Rees","doi":"10.1111/iji.12649","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iji.12649","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Coeliac disease is a common immune-mediated inflammatory disorder caused by dietary gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. While the diagnosis of coeliac disease is based on serological and histological criteria, HLA-DQ genotyping can be useful, especially in excluding the diagnosis in patients who do not carry the relevant DQ heterodimers: <i>DQA1*05 DQB1*02, DQB1*03:02</i> or <i>DQA1*02 DQB1*02</i> (commonly referred to as DQ2.5, DQ8 and DQ2.2, respectively). External quality assessment results for HLA genotyping in coeliac disease have revealed concerning errors in HLA genotyping, reporting and clinical interpretation. In response, these guidelines have been developed as an evidence-based approach to guide laboratories undertaking HLA genotyping for coeliac disease and provide recommendations for reports to standardise and improve the communication of results.</p>","PeriodicalId":14003,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunogenetics","volume":"51 S1","pages":"3-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139048639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The correlation between soluble human leukocyte antigen (sHLA-G) levels and +3010 polymorphism","authors":"Ahmed Alyami,&nbsp;Abdullah AlJurayyan,&nbsp;Bandar Alosaimi,&nbsp;Haitham Alkadi,&nbsp;Fadwa Alkhulaifi,&nbsp;Haya Al-jurayb,&nbsp;Awad Osman,&nbsp;Steve Christmas,&nbsp;Suliman Alomar,&nbsp;Zaid Al-Bayati","doi":"10.1111/iji.12648","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iji.12648","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) is classified as non-classical HLA, located in the short arm of chromosome 6 and composed of seven introns and eight exons. The HLA-G gene has a lower frequency polymorphism in the coding area and higher variability at the regulatory 5′- and 3′-untranslated regions linked to HLA-G microRNA regulation. HLA-G molecule is known to have an immunomodulatory and tolerogenic features role. In 199 Saudi individuals, we examined the association between plasma soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) levels and eight polymorphic different sites, including 14 bp ins/del/+3003T-C/+3010C-G/+3027C-A/+3035C-T/+3142C-G/+3187A-G/+3196C-G single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in exon 8 in the HLA-G gene. Our results revealed higher frequency for rs17179101C (97%), rs1707T (92%) and rs9380142A (73%) alleles. Greater frequencies for the tested genotypes were observed in 3027C/C (rs17179101) (93%), 14 bp (rs1704) ins/del (92%), +3003T/T (rs1707) (85%) and +3035C/T (rs17179108) (79%) SNP genotypes. Moreover, we observed a significant association of sHLA-G with +3010G/C (rs1710) SNP. In conclusion, we showed a significant association between 3010G/C (rs1710) SNP and the sHLA-G level among our sample for Saudi populations. Our findings demonstrated that specific SNP within the HLA-G gene is linked to sHLA-G molecule secretion, suggesting sHLA-G levels may be regulated genetically.</p>","PeriodicalId":14003,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Immunogenetics","volume":"51 1","pages":"39-46"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iji.12648","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138629526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}