International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of Prehypertension and Assessment of Renal Function among the Prehypertensive Students of the College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria","authors":"A. Okonkwo, M. Ugwu, S. Meludu, E. Ogbodo, Okwara Je, I. Ezeugwunne, R. Analike, Onah Ce, Amah Uk, P. C. Oha, M. Obiorah","doi":"10.18488/journal.9.2017.45.73.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.9.2017.45.73.87","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of pre-hypertension and assess the renal function in pre-hypertensive students in College of Health Sciences, Okofia, Nnewi. A total of 210 (99 males and 111 females) apparently healthy respondents aged 18-28, were recruited for the initial screening. Their blood pressure readings and body mass index (BMI) were obtained, whereas 5mls of blood sample was collected from 18 prehypertensive and 19 normotensive subjects. 5mls of blood was collect from eligible subjects and dispensed in plain containers for estimation of biochemical parameters. Serum creatinine, urea, Na+, K+, and Cl- were analyzed using standard methods. Result showed a prevalence of 11.4% with a higher percentage in males (12.12%) than in female (10.81%). BMI was significantly higher in pre-hypertensive than in normotensive (26.31±4.76 Vs 21.60±2.44;p> 0.05). Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP)(126.67±5.76 Vs 107.68±9.90; 79.56±6.57 Vs 69.52±7.39;p> 0.05) respectively were significantly higher in prehypertensives than in normotensives. Interestingly, there was no significant difference in the value of renal function markers of the prehypertensives when compared to normotensives (p>0.05). However, there was a positive correlation between SBP and serum urea level(r = 0.628; P =0.009). Therefore, the prevalence of prehypertension in this population was low with reference to studies in other populations. Importantly, this preliminary study did show that the renal functions are not compromised.","PeriodicalId":13971,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"194 1","pages":"73-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76058341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empirical and Practical Implementation Methodology for Clinical Integration of E-Health Iot Technology","authors":"Abel Garai","doi":"10.18488/JOURNAL.9/2016.3.12/9.12.117.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/JOURNAL.9/2016.3.12/9.12.117.125","url":null,"abstract":"This paper structures empirical and practical implementation methodologies for clinical integration of eHealth IoT smart device technology embedded in Cloud service architecture. The results and findings of this two-year research program are summarized from mathematical, system architectural and software engineering perspective. The research takes place in the European Union, in Hungary. The program is the manifestation of the trilateral industry-university collaboration of the University of Debrecen Faculty of Informatics, T-Systems Healthcare Competence Center Central and Eastern Europe and Semmelweis University 2nd Pediatric Clinic Department of Pulmonology. The paper presents the mathematical model for the system architecture optimization. Selected system-architectural solution plans are mapped into directed graphs and converted into adjacency and availability matrices for optimization. Adequate technologies are collected and identified for the research based on industry megatrends. The experiment establishes multidirectional interoperability among eHealth smart devices, telemedicine instruments and clinical information systems. The Open Telemedicine Interoperability Hub, interoperability core module, was developed and embedded into Cloud service architecture. This module transposes and transmits the captured bio-sensory data stream from the eHealth IoT smart-devices and from the telemedicine instrument into the clinical information system. Dominant international healthcare interoperability standards are reviewed and selected for the research. The research program defined different interoperability levels and mapped these against the open systems interconnection model layers. The international interoperability standard, Health Level Seven, was selected for the research. The research explicitly tested interoperability among eHealth consumer electronic sensor-enabled smart-device, spirometer telemedicine instrument and cloud-based hospital information test system. The research proved that universal interoperability between IoT eHealth smart devices and clinical information system technology is from technical perspective absolutely possible. The paper describes the lessons learned, drawbacks and achievements of this research program. An insight is also given into the forthcoming research phase.","PeriodicalId":13971,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"18 5 1","pages":"117-125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82575989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathological relevance in clinical spectrum of Hansen's disease.","authors":"Janardhan Bommakanti, S. Putta, S. Gokhale","doi":"10.18535/jmscr/v4i12.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v4i12.61","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hansen’s disease/Leprosy is one of major health problem in India, caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Diagnosed clinically based on standard Ridley Jopling’s diagnostic criteria. The clinical diagnosis and histopathological diagnosis were compared for each patient for concordance. Aim: To study clinical correlation with histopathological diagnosis of Hansen’s disease at district hospital, Warangal, Telangana state, India. Methods: Seventy five untreated patients were selected, after detailed history & clinical examination classified clinically based on Ridley & Jopling classification and 6mm punch biopsy specimen were collected, formalin fixed, sent for Haematoxylin & Eosin stain and Fite faraco stains for type of leprosy and Acid Fast Bacilli(lepra) respectively which will aid in correlating clinical diagnosis with histopathological diagnosis. Results: The clinical diagnosis based on Ridley and Jopling classification criteria were majority of them are BT(44 cases), followed by LL(15), BL(9), TT(6) and BB(1). The histopathological diagnosis showed majority of them are BT(39), BL(11), LL(10), TT(7), Indeterminate(3) & No evidence of leprosy(5) Conclusion: The clinical and histo-pathological diagnosis shown correlation in 42 cases (56%). The concordance in different spectrum of leprosy showed is TT-33%, BT-65.9%, BB-0%, BL-22.2% and LL-60% respectively.","PeriodicalId":13971,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"45 6","pages":"457-461"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91451971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profile of Physiotherapist Educators in Anglophone West African Countries: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"J. Balogun, C. Mbada, Adetutu O. Balogun, A. Bello, U. Okafor","doi":"10.18488/JOURNAL.9/2016.3.9/9.9.99.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/JOURNAL.9/2016.3.9/9.9.99.109","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In the last two decades, physiotherapy profession in many countries has transitioned their entry-level education to a Master’s or doctoral degree levels. Given these changes, there is a new need to discern the profile of physiotherapist educators in different countries. Objectives: This cross-sectional study was designed to investigate the profile of the physiotherapist lecturers from Anglophone West African countries and to compare the data with their USA counterparts. Methods: The Head of Department of all the physiotherapy programs in West African universities (N = 14) completed a questionnaire that sought information on the University’s debut date and ownership, faculty gender, educational qualification and academic rank. Results: The vast majority (93%) of the physiotherapy programs surveyed are located in public universities. There were 126 lecturers employed in the programs surveyed (average of 9 lecturers per program). In Nigeria, 72% of the lecturers were men, but in Ghana there was an equal (50:50) split between men and women. Fifty-nine percent (59%) of the lecturers in Nigeria had a Ph.D. and 32% were with MS degree. Thirty-four percent (34%) were a Senior lecturer, 19% Lecturer I, 10% Associate Professor/Reader and 10% Professor. More Nigerian lecturers attained higher (p","PeriodicalId":13971,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"99-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80977685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies for Addressing Poor Statistical Literacy among Health Scientists and Science Communicators","authors":"R. Deonandan","doi":"10.18488/JOURNAL.9/2016.3.2/9.2.31.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/JOURNAL.9/2016.3.2/9.2.31.36","url":null,"abstract":"Statistical literacy (SL) is an aspect of numeracy and a core educational competency. Overall levels of SL in North American society may be in decline, while evidence abounds of poor SL among researchers globally. Three strategies are recommended to help address poor SL among scholars and science communicators, with a particular focus on the health and medical sciences: (1) mandatory inclusion of computerized statistical platforms in undergraduate statistics classes; (2) requirement for statistical review in peer-reviewed paper submissions; and (3) the exploration of novel methods of results communication.","PeriodicalId":13971,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"178 1","pages":"31-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73201728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnitude and Determinants of Overweight and Obesity among High School Adolescents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia","authors":"Mulugeta Shimbre, M. Wondafrash, A. Alemayehu, S. Mohammed, Zewdu Shewangezaw, M. Abdo, Gebresilasea Gendisha","doi":"10.11648/j.jfns.20150305.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20150305.11","url":null,"abstract":"Authors : Mulugeta Shegaze, Mekitie Wondafrash, Alemayehu A. Alemayehu, Shikur Mohammed, Zewdu Shewangezaw, Gebresilasea Gendisha Abstract : Background: The 2004 World Health Assembly called for specific actions to halt the overweight and obesity epidemic that is currently penetrating urban populations in the developing world. Adolescents require particular attention due to their vulnerability to develop obesity and the fact that adolescent weight tracks strongly into adulthood. However, there is scarcity of information on the modifiable risk factors to be targeted for primary intervention among urban adolescents in Ethiopia. This study was aimed at determining the magnitude and risk factors of overweight and obesity among high school adolescents in Addis Ababa. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in February and March 2014on 456 randomly selected adolescents from 20 high schools in Addis Ababa city. Data on demographic and other risk factors of overweight and obesity were collected using self-administered structured questionnaire, whereas anthropometric measurements of weight and height were taken using calibrated equipment and standardized techniques. The WHO STEPS instrument for chronic disease risk was applied to assess dietary habit and physical activity. Overweight and obesity status was determined based on BMI-for-age percentiles of WHO 2007 reference population. Results: The prevalence rates of overweight, obesity, and overall overweight/obesity among high school adolescents in Addis Ababa were 9.7% (95%CI=6.9-12.4%), 4.2% (95%CI=2.3-6.0%), and 13.9% (95%CI=10.6-17.1%), respectively. Overweight/obesity prevalence was highest among female adolescents, in private schools, and in the higher wealth category. In multivariable regression model, being female [AOR(95%CI)=5.4(2.5,12.1)], being from private school [AOR(95%CI)=3.0(1.4,6.2)], having >3 regular meals [AOR(95%CI)=4.0(1.3,13.0)], consumption of sweet foods [AOR(95%CI)=5.0(2.4,10.3)] and spending >3 hours/day sitting [AOR(95%CI)=3.5(1.7,7.2)]were found to increase overweight/obesity risk, whereas high Total Physical Activity level[AOR(95%CI)=0.21(0.08,0.57)] and better nutrition knowledge [AOR(95%CI)=0.160.07,0.37)] were found protective. Conclusions: More than one in ten of the high school adolescents were affected by overweighs/obesity with dietary habit and physical activity are important modifiable risk factors. Well-tailored nutrition education program targeting lifestyle change should be initiated with more emphasis to female adolescents and students in private schools.","PeriodicalId":13971,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"192 1 1","pages":"215-221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76440755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Model for Absorption of Perfluoropropane Intraocular Gas after Retinal Surgeries","authors":"A. Bahill","doi":"10.18488/JOURNAL.9/2016.3.5/9.5.50.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/JOURNAL.9/2016.3.5/9.5.50.76","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The intended audience for this paper is retina surgeons who perform retinal detachment (RD) operations, anesthesiologists and dentists who use nitrous oxide, ophthalmologists and optometrists who encounter RD patients, students of ophthalmology and optometry, and RD patients, their families and friends. To help future retinal detachment (RD) and macular hole patients understand imminent eerie visual events, the author developed a mathematical model for the behavior of an injected intraocular C3F8 perfluoropropane gas bubble after an RD operation. Ophthalmologists could use this model to create animations showing patients what to expect. Methods: Our subject had three RD operations with the injection of perfluoropropane gas. After each of these operations, he daily recorded the horizon to gas bubble angle and the radius of curvature of the gas bubble. These data were used to calculate the volume and surface area of the gas bubble. Then formal modeling techniques were applied. Results:One gas bubble, which lasted 73 days, was studied extensively. Fitting the measured data required four geometric submodels, corresponding to the four possible bubble configurations. Conclusions: This model for the absorption of an intraocular gas bubble had two components: the structural component described the four geometric configurations that the bubble went through in its lifecycle and the dynamic component that described the absorption rate of the gas. The model suggests that the gas-bubble absorption-rate is not proportional to either the surface area of the bubble or the surface area between the SF6 gas and the aqueous humour. Rather the gas-bubble absorption-rate is proportional to the surface area of gas in contact with the retina.","PeriodicalId":13971,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"50-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73515476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rare Histological Entity- Oral Fibrolipoma","authors":"P. Debta, F. Debta, Ruchi Bhuyan, Saswati Siddhartha, P. Goyal, S. Mohanty","doi":"10.18488/JOURNAL.9/2016.3.10/9.10.110.114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/JOURNAL.9/2016.3.10/9.10.110.114","url":null,"abstract":"Among lipoma of oral cavity, fibrolipoma is one of the rare histopathological variant. Intraoral lipomas are rare lesions which may be discovered during routine dental examinations since they present as slow growing, painless and asymptomatic masses. For definite diagnosis histopathological examination plays a significant role in providing successful treatment and preventing any malignant transformation. Prognosis is generally good as recurrence is very rare. Here we present a case of oral fibrolipoma of buccal mucosa.","PeriodicalId":13971,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"161 1","pages":"110-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73711643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Presentation of Infertility in Mkar-Gboko, North-Central Nigeria","authors":"J. Karshima, V. Pam, I. Shambe, C. Anyaka, M. Reich","doi":"10.18488/JOURNAL.9/2016.3.2/9.2.24.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/JOURNAL.9/2016.3.2/9.2.24.30","url":null,"abstract":"Infertility is a worldwide health concern with dissimilarities in mode of presentation among couples. It is the commonest reason for gynaecological consultation in central Nigeria. Therefore there is need to appraise the clinical presentation of infertility and describe the manner of presentation by women in the region. Aim: To identify the mode of presentation and pattern of presenting complaints by women with infertility at a rural gynaecological outreach clinic. Method: A descriptive retrospective study at NKST Hospital Mkar-Gboko, north-central, Nigeria. Clinic records of patients who attended the outreach gynaecological clinic over eight years (1st January 2005 to 31st July 2013) were analysed using descriptive statistics with Excel 2010. Results: Of the 1,926 women studied, 1030 (53.5%) complained of inability to conceive, and 941 (92.0%) folders met inclusion criteria. Women with primary and secondary infertility were 264(28.1%) and 677(71.9%) respectively. The mean (±SD) age, parity and duration of infertility of the women were 31.5±5.9 year, 0.8±1.2, and 7 ±5 years respectively. The predominant complaints were inability to conceive, lower abdominal pain, abnormal menstruation, lower abdominal swelling and vaginal discharge. Majority of the women (55.0%) skipped inability to conceive as their chief complaint. In past surgical history, 194 (20.6%) of the women had 234 abdominal surgeries. On physical examination 538 (57.2%) of the women had no remarkable findings. Abdominal scar (n=194, 47.0%), enlargement of the uterus (n=166, 40.0%), vaginal discharge (n=42, 10.0%) were common findings. Conclusion: Non acute lower abdominal pain is a common mode of presentation of infertility in this population. The duration of marriage/age of last childbirth against the number of living children and contraceptive usage can be a clue to the woman’s desire.","PeriodicalId":13971,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"24-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83142607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Issue: Smoking Cessation, The Patient, The Physician and The Policy Makers","authors":"Tokunbo Ajayi, J. Okudo","doi":"10.18488/JOURNAL.9/2016.3.6/9.6.77.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/JOURNAL.9/2016.3.6/9.6.77.84","url":null,"abstract":"Tobacco smoking continues to be a bane in the US. Nearly 540, 000 people die annually because of cigarette smoking. These deaths are preventable. Smoking is implicated in lung cancer and many other medical conditions. Billions of dollars have been spent on health issues related to smoking. Lung cancer affects men and women. Nicotine addiction is the culprit in continued smoking and understanding its role is important in promoting smoking cessation. Smoking cessation is important and scientific evidence and approaches exist in the literature. We have explored traditional, non-traditional and novel modalities for smoking cessation and the need for physicians to be actively involved in recommending smoking cessation. We have also discussed special populations that have special requirements for smoking cessation.","PeriodicalId":13971,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"77-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90169654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}