International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Additives on Gasification of Unused Cedar Wood by Pyrolysis","authors":"Ryuki Hanazawa, Kou Nakamura, Hinako Kawaraya, R. Shimizu, Naoyuki Morita","doi":"10.18178/ijcea.2022.13.3.795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijcea.2022.13.3.795","url":null,"abstract":"Generating thermal power using fossil fuels is harmful to the environment. Efforts to decrease carbon dioxide emissions are being made in many countries, and the Japanese government has declared that by 2050 greenhouse gas (including CO2) emissions in Japan will be zero. Japan has great forest resources, more than 70% of the land being forested. However, the Japanese forestry industry has suffered difficulties in recent years because increasing amounts of timber are being imported and concrete is being used increasingly by the construction industry. In this study, hydrotalcite (Mg6Al2(OH)16CO3 MH2O) was added to unused cedar wood during low temperature pyrolysis to increase the amounts of flammable gases such as CH4, C2H4, C2H6, C3H6, and C3H8 generated. Cedar wood from trees that had been felled but unused was placed in a metal reaction vessel with a predetermined amount of hydrotalcite and heated to 450 °C in a nitrogen atmosphere to achieve pyrolysis. The combustible gas components and condensed wood vinegar solution produced during pyrolysis were analyzed. The gases generated during cedar pyrolysis included CH4, C2H4, C2H6, C3H6, C3H8, and CO2. The amount of combustible gas produced increased as the amount of hydrotalcite added increased.","PeriodicalId":13949,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82668299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Augmented Kalina Cycle Using Renewable Energy as Input for Power Generation","authors":"M. Ahmad, Md Mizanur Rahman","doi":"10.18178/ijcea.2022.13.2.794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijcea.2022.13.2.794","url":null,"abstract":"Kalina cycle is an idealized thermodynamic cycle that generates power using a binary mixture as a working substance. Depending on the application, the Kalina Cycle increase power plant efficiency by 10% to 50% over the Organic Rankine Cycle. The relative advantage of the Kalina cycle rises when operating temperatures are reduced and Kalina cycle is generating by mixture. Kalina cycle is identified as a bottoming cycle that demonstrates improved efficiency. Ammonia-water mixture is high-energy than a single component. Producing electricity of the inlet turbine and the temperature of the separator increase the performance of the cycle. It may be more effective to use the Kalina cycle for concentrating renewable energy sources such as solar power plants that use direct steam production to enhance heat exchange efficiency, and therefore, increase total system performance. This research attempts to build a Kalina cycle system, which will help to transform the natural source from sunlight to energy. Python open-source software has been used to design and implement the Kalina cycle. The suggested cycles include various types of solar collectors and extra heat recovery technologies. Systems uses a medium temperature heat source to analyze the Kalina cycle for different system characteristics and to conduct parametric research to determine which input temperature, ammonia concentrations, separator temperatures yield the optimal energy production. The Kalina cycle of binary plants generates 30% to 50 % more power for a provided heat source. With the Kalina cycle as a bottoming cycle for a cogeneration plant, the exhaust gas temperature has been reduced from 427 K to 350 K, which reduces the environmental impact.","PeriodicalId":13949,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76068981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of Ruthenium-Titania for Enhanced Decolorization of Malachite Green under Visible Light Illumination","authors":"Aldrin Lorrenz A. Chan, Sarah Jane C. Lopez, Arvie Victor M. Masangkay, Lorico D. S. Lapitan Jr.","doi":"10.18178/ijcea.2022.13.1.793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijcea.2022.13.1.793","url":null,"abstract":"The photodecolorization of malachite green (MG) dye was effectively done using Ruthenium-doped TiO2 photocatalysts under visible light illumination. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that anatase and rutile peaks were both found in undoped TiO2 while only anatase peaks were present in Ru-doped TiO2 systems which were calcined at 500°C. The 0.008 Ru-TiO2 photocatalysts calcined at 300°C showed broader peaks compared to those calcined at 500°C. Further increase of calcination temperature to 700°C promotes the transformation of anatase to rutile peaks. The photocatalytic activity of TiO2 was found to increase with the addition of Ruthenium ions, from 20% for undoped TiO2 to 87% for 0.80 Ru-doped TiO2. The maximum photocatalytic removal of MG dye was achieved using 1.50 g∙L-1 of catalyst loading for 0.008 Ru-doped TiO2. The TiO2 photocatalysts prepared at a calcination temperature of 500°C showed higher photodecolorization efficiency compared to those calcined at 300°C and 700°C. Kinetic studies revealed that the photodecolorization of MG using Ru-doped TiO2 followed a first order kinetics.","PeriodicalId":13949,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76378670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development Status and Prospects of Lithium-ion Power Batteries for Electric Vehicles","authors":"Kai Wu","doi":"10.18178/ijcea.2021.12.4.791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijcea.2021.12.4.791","url":null,"abstract":"Major countries and automobile manufacturers in the world jointly promote the transformation of automobile energy and boost the development of electric vehicles. As the most widely used power battery, the lithium-ion power battery comes under the spotlight. The progress of lithium iron phosphate batteries and ternary lithium batteries has given rise to the hope of transformation. And the breakthrough of solidstate batteries has laid a solid foundation for future highperformance batteries. This paper reviews and analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of three power batteries, and evaluates their modifications, application, and current situation. It can be concluded that ternary lithium batteries cannot replace lithium iron phosphate batteries and solid-state batteries temporarily cannot be widely produced and applied.","PeriodicalId":13949,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84744177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the Effect of Membrane Active Surface Orientation in OMBR on Norfloxacin Wastewater Treatment","authors":"Xiaoqing Chen, Litong Cai","doi":"10.18178/ijcea.2021.12.4.792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijcea.2021.12.4.792","url":null,"abstract":"The forward osmosis membrane bioreactor (OMBR) is a kind of new treatment technology which applied forward osmosis technology to the membrane bioreactor. In this paper, the OMBR was adopted to tackle with the typical antibiotic wastewater.The influence of orientation was investigated. The results showed that the magnesium chloride solution with high osmotic pressure is advantageous for OMBR due to its superior membrane flux and a better producing water quality and the membrane flux decreases with a rise of the concentration of sewage and sludge. In this condition, the removal rate of COD and norfloxacin is 84.21% and 93.70%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":13949,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81190493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature Distribution Analysis along the Length of Floating Head Multi Stream Heat Exchanger","authors":"M. Ahmad, Waseem Saeed, K. Javed","doi":"10.18178/ijcea.2021.12.3.790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijcea.2021.12.3.790","url":null,"abstract":"Heat transfer between two streams is common and simple and well established and perfectly commercialized. Normally, the exchanger that is used for this purpose is shell and tube heat exchanger but in some industrial production unit where more than one reactant is to be preheated or pre-cooled for chemical reaction and same as post heating and post cooling required of multiple streams at same or different temperatures, Problem that is associated with such type shell and tube heat exchanger is that it can’t handle the multiple stream and for handling multiple streams we required more number of exchangers due to which capital cost increases and required more care of handling because the number of units increases. To overcome this problem, we need more than one heat sinks with one or more than one heat source that will minimize the covered volume per unit heat transfer area, the number of unit operation, operation time, man power and the capital cost with increasing thermal efficiency and heat utilization so to overcome this problem we need to move towards multi stream heat exchanger for handling multiple streams at once for heat exchange. Multi stream heat exchanger is opening of a new class of heat transfer equipment which deals more than two different streams for heat exchange. Such a way number of units can be reduced, which minimize time and space. With a little bit increase in complexity the operational cost will decrease and improve the thermal efficiency of heat transfer equipment, which minimize thermal losses and maximize the heat utilization which directly decrease the equipment size and capital cost. In the previous study we have discuss our research on the fabrication and Comparative Study of Floating Head (Triple pipe) Multi Stream Heat Exchanger with Shell & Tube This work is about the investigation involves the tentative examination of the heat exchange through the Floating Head Multi-Stream Heat Exchanger to evaluate the temperature distribution along the length, in which cool liquids are flowing through the inner and external pipe and hot liquid is moving through the central pipe of the exchanger.","PeriodicalId":13949,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73561291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 3-Dimensional Numerical Thermal Analysis for A Vertical Double U-Tube Ground-Coupled Heat Pump","authors":"A. Tarrad","doi":"10.18178/ijcea.2021.12.2.789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijcea.2021.12.2.789","url":null,"abstract":"The ground heat exchanger plays a major role in the thermal performance and economic optimization of the ground-coupled heat pump. The present study focuses on the effect of the borehole size and the grout and soil thermal properties on the thermal assessment of these heat exchangers. A double U-tube heat exchanger was studied numerically by the COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4 software in a 3-dimensional discretization model. The double U-tube was circuited as a parallel flow arrangement and situated in a parallel configuration (PFPD) deep in the borehole. The grout and ground thermal conductivities were selected in the range of (0.73-2.0) W/m.K and (1.24-2.8) W/m.K respectively. The results revealed that the ground thermal conductivity showed a more pronounced influence on the thermal performance of the ground heat exchanger and with less extent for the grouting one. Increasing the grout filling thermal conductivity from (0.73) W/m.K to (2.0) W/m.K at a fixed ground thermal conductivity of (2.4) W/m.K has augmented the heat transfer rate by (10) %. The heat transfer rate of the ground heat exchanger exhibited marked enhancement as much as double when the ground thermal conductivity was increased from (1.24) W/m.K to (2.8) W/m.K at fixed grout thermal conductivity range of (0.78-2.0) W/m.K. It has been verified that increasing the borehole size has a negligible effect on the ground heat exchanger thermal performance when a grout with a high thermal conductivity was utilized in the ranged of examined configurations. The steady-state numerical analysis model outcomes of the present work could be implemented for the preliminary borehole design for a ground heat exchanger.","PeriodicalId":13949,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86134355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organophosphate Flame Retardants in Car Dust from Thailand and Implications for Human Exposure","authors":"P. Kanchanapiya, Benjawan Nilyok, Supachai Songngam, S. Olapiriyakul","doi":"10.18178/ijcea.2021.12.1.787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijcea.2021.12.1.787","url":null,"abstract":"Organophosphorus flame retardants (PFRs) are a group of compounds frequently detected in indoor dust that pose high health risks to exposure subjects. The present study reports on the investigation of the levels and profiles of seven target PFRs in car dust samples from Thailand. The samples were collected from the discarded air conditioning (AC) filter of 14 private cars (called AC dust samples) and from the bag filter installed in vacuum cleaners of 10 car washing services (called settled dust samples) in 2019. The concentrations of 7PFRs in AC dust samples were approximately 3,800-91,000 ng/g, whereas those from settled dust samples were about 11,000 to 15,000 ng/g. Tris (2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEP) was found to be the most prominent of PFRs detected in both types of car dust with the highest concentration of 39,000 ng/g for AC filter dust and 10,000 ng/g for settled dust. The main PFR contributors in both dust types were TBEP (80%, 75%), followed by Tris (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TEHP) (9%, 5%) and tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TCPP) (7%, 4%), respectively. Tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate (TCEP) and tri cresyl phosphate (TCP) were not detected in both types of car dust and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) was found only in settled dust samples. According to the results of exposure assessment to PFRs in car dust, the human exposures via ingestion for adults and toddlers ranged from 1.69×10-2 to 2.67 and 10.6 to 2,360 ng/kg/day. The human exposures via inhalation for adults and toddlers ranged from 3.27×10-4 to 5.17x10-2 and 2.58×10-1 to 40.9 ng/kg/day. The highest exposure among PFRs corresponded to TBEP for both adults and toddlers and the risk through ingestion was higher than inhalation intake. Toddlers were more exposed to PFR contaminants in comparison to adults. When comparing the estimated average daily intake (ADI) values with the reference doses (RfDs) for PFRs, it was found that exposure to PFRs in car cabins via inhalation and dust ingestion is unlikely to have adverse human health effects.","PeriodicalId":13949,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80553619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects ofAdding Hydrotalcite with Different Compositional Ratios in the Pyrolysis Treatment of Brominated Plastics","authors":"Kimi Hanazawa, Moemi Toritsuka, Naoyuki Morita","doi":"10.18178/ijcea.2021.12.1.788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijcea.2021.12.1.788","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, chemical recycling technologies related to the pyrolysis of plastics into fuels have received increasing attention under the circular economy agenda with respect to resource depletion. Herein, a method is presented to reduce halogen compounds in the product oil derived from the pyrolysis of polystyrene with tetrabromobisphenol A. Analysis was undertaken to identify the bromine compounds present in the residue after the pyrolysis treatment. Pyrolysis was conducted in the presence of hydrotalcites as a function of the Mg and Al additive composition ratio (type 1; KW-1000 and type 2; K W-2000). The bromine compounds identified in the oil after pyrolysis at 400 °C were determined as 2-bromophenol, 4- bromophenol, 2,4-dibromophenol, 1- bromomethylbenzene, 2- bromomethylbenzene, and 3,6-dibromo-2,5-xylidine. In the absence of hydrotalcite, bromine compounds were still detected in the product oil, residue and gas, whereas the addition of KW-2000 reduced the concentration of bromine compounds in the product oil. The reduced concentration of the bromine compounds in the product oil is suggested to be related to the trapping of bromine by the added hydrotalcite during the pyrolysis of the plastic.","PeriodicalId":13949,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88240920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensory Evaluation of a Perfume Made of Orange Essential Oil","authors":"Keneddy Carranza, Ciro Rodriguez, D. Esenarro, Maria Veliz, Jennifer Arteaga","doi":"10.18178/ijcea.2020.11.4.786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijcea.2020.11.4.786","url":null,"abstract":"This research paper addresses the sensory evaluation of a perfume made from orange essential oil, considering the sensory acceptance of a panel of experts. The methodology used gives as sample size eight formulations that were prepared and tested hedonically with ten experts in the field using the instrument on the evaluation sheet that represents five scales of smell references. The evaluation suggests that the most sensorial accepted and elaborated perfume formulation based on orange essential oil should be composed of alcohol (7.1 ml), orange essential oil (1.56 ml), lemon essential oil (0.226 ml), essential oil of cinnamon (0.113 ml) and bergamot essential oil (0.113 ml). The results obtained in the development of the sensory evaluation can conclude that the formulation (F8) is more sensorial accepted.","PeriodicalId":13949,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75621096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}