International Journal of Communication Systems最新文献

{"title":"A novel fractional rat hawk optimization–enabled routing with deep learning–based energy prediction in wireless sensor networks","authors":"Anbhazhagan Purushothaman, Gopalsamy Venkadakrishnan Sriramakrishnan, Ponnusamy Gnanaprakasam Om Prakash, Cristin Rajan","doi":"10.1002/dac.5981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.5981","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryWireless sensor networks (WSNs) contain different sensors, which collect various data in the monitoring area. In general, one of the significant resources in WSNs is energy, which prolongs the network's lifetime. The energy‐efficient routing algorithms reduce energy consumption and enhance the survival cycle of WSNs. Thus, this work developed the optimization‐based WSN routing and deep learning (DL)–enabled energy prediction scheme for efficient routing in WSNs. Initially, the WSN simulation is carried out, and then, the node with minimum energy consumption is chosen as the cluster head (CH). Here, the proposed rat hawk optimization (RHO) algorithm is established for finding the best CH, and the RHO is the integration of rat swarm optimization (RSO) and fire hawk optimization (FHO). Furthermore, the routing is accomplished by the developed fractional rat hawk optimization (FRHO) using the fitness function includes delay, distance, link lifetime, and predicted energy of a network for predicting the finest route. Here, the fractional calculus (FC) is incorporated with the RHO to form the FRHO. The energy prediction is achieved by deep recurrent neural network (DRNN). The energy, delay, and throughput evaluation metrics are considered for revealing the efficiency of the proposed system, and the proposed system achieves the best results of 0.246 J, 0.190 s, and 67.13 Mbps, respectively.","PeriodicalId":13946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Communication Systems","volume":"130 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computationally optimized multi‐port antenna systems for WLAN/Wi‐Fi (IEEE 802.11a/h/j/n/ac/ax), 5G (mid‐band), and UWB applications","authors":"Pradnya A. Gajbhiye, Satya P. Singh, Madan Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.1002/dac.5985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dac.5985","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryThis paper presents computationally optimized 2‐element and 4‐element Multiple‐Input, Multiple‐Output (MIMO) antennas for WLAN/Wi‐Fi, 5G, and UWB applications. The antenna configuration is constructed with the orthogonal placement of sawtooth‐shaped circular monopole radiating elements. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMA‐ES) optimization techniques are employed to achieve the best performance and size of the proposed antenna. Among these optimization techniques, CMA‐ES is identified as the better approach. The final optimized geometry of the 2‐element and 4‐element MIMO antennas is 49.40 mm × 24.22 mm and 49.44 mm × 45 mm, respectively. Both optimized antennas are fabricated and experimentally verified. The fractional bandwidth of the antenna is more than 110.3%, and more than −20 dB isolation is attained without employing any decoupling method. The Envelop Correlation Coefficient (ECC), Directivity Gain (DG), Total Active Reflection Coefficient (TARC), and Channel Capacity Limit (CCL) are 0.0001, 9.99, < −15 dB, and 0.1 bits/s/Hz, respectively. The proposed antenna is a good candidate for numerous current wireless applications due to its size and performance.","PeriodicalId":13946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Communication Systems","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced channel estimation with atomic norm minimization and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces in mmWave MIMO systems","authors":"Sundar Ganapathy,&nbsp;Karthikeyan Muthusamy","doi":"10.1002/dac.5973","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dac.5973","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The performance of millimeter-wave (mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems has been significantly enhanced by the incorporation of dynamic reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS). This paper proposes a novel dynamic channel estimation technique that combines dynamic atomic norm minimization with dynamic RIS to optimize RIS-aided mmWave MIMO systems. Leveraging the dynamic nature of both atomic norm minimization and RIS, the proposed approach efficiently adapts to changing environmental conditions, providing robust and accurate channel estimation. By dynamically optimizing the RIS configuration, the system achieves improved spectral and energy efficiency, enabling high-speed and reliable communication in challenging mmWave environments. Theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed dynamic channel estimation technique, highlighting its potential for enhancing the performance of future wireless communication systems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Communication Systems","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142227752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Routing algorithm for sparse unstructured P2P networks using honey bee behavior","authors":"Aman Verma,&nbsp;Sanat Thakur,&nbsp;Ankush Kumar,&nbsp;Dharmendra Prasad Mahato","doi":"10.1002/dac.5978","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dac.5978","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Unstructured peer-to-peer (P2P) networks pose unique challenges for efficient and scalable routing. In this study, we introduce a novel routing algorithm inspired by the foraging behavior of honey bees named Honey Bee Optimization in P2P Networks (HBO_P2P) to address the inherent limitations of routing in unstructured P2P networks, focusing on improving packet delivery, minimizing hop count, reducing message overhead, and optimizing overall throughput. To evaluate the performance of our proposed algorithm, we conducted comprehensive experiments comparing it with existing algorithms commonly used in P2P networks, namely, particle swarm optimization (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA), and ant colony optimization (ACO). After the simulation, we got the results as follows: Our algorithm outperforms ACO, GA, and PSO by exhibiting the highest number of data hops indicating potential efficiency in route optimization. Routing overhead is also minimal as compared to ACO, GA, and PSO. The average data packet delay is also low in our algorithm as compared to ACO, GA, and PSO. HBO_P2P achieves the highest throughput, nearly reaching 100 Mbps. While ACO and GA exhibit similar throughput of around 80 Mbps, and PSO has the lowest throughput, approximately 60 Mbps.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Communication Systems","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid optimization-based topology construction and DRNN-based prediction method for data reduction in IoT","authors":"Bhakti B. Pawar,&nbsp;Devyani S. Jadhav","doi":"10.1002/dac.5969","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dac.5969","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Internet of Things (IoT) acts as a prevalent networking setup that plays a vital role in everyday activities due to the increased services provided through uniform data collection. In this research paper, a hybrid optimization approach for the construction of heterogeneous multi-hop IoT wireless sensor network (WSN) network topology and data aggregation and reduction is performed using a deep learning model. Initially, the IoT network is stimulated and the network topology is constructed using Namib Beetle Spotted Hyena Optimization (NBSHO) by considering different network parameters and encoding solutions. Moreover, the data aggregation and reduction in the IoT network are performed using a Deep Recurrent Neural Network (DRNN)-based prediction model. In addition, the performance improvement of the designed NBSHO + DRNN approach is validated. Here, the designed NBSHO + DRNN method achieved a packet delivery ratio (PDR) of 0.469, energy of 0.367 J, prediction error of 0.237, and delay of 0.595 s.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Communication Systems","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An energy-efficient Chebyshev fire hawks optimization algorithm for energy balancing in sensor-enabled Internet of Things","authors":"Pravin Yallappa Kumbhar,&nbsp;Apurva Abhijit Naik","doi":"10.1002/dac.5976","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dac.5976","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sensor-enabled systems have been used successfully in agricultural, healthcare, commercial, and military application domains. Recently, there has been significant interest in the intelligent applications of sensor-enabled technologies, particularly in the domains of smart grid, Internet of Vehicles (IoV), body area networks, and the Internet of Things (IoT). In recent research, various protocols and algorithm are developed for effective energy-efficient routing and energy balancing. These existing models have some issues like high energy consumption and minimum network life time. In order to overcome these existing issues, a novel cluster head selection and routing mechanism in a wireless sensor network (WSN) environment is proposed. The clustering process has been formed by an enhanced Taylor kernel fuzzy C-means algorithm (TKFC-means). The cluster head in the group of sensor nodes has been identified based on energy and distance calculation. Finally, the routing has been performed by a novel energy-efficient Chebyshev fire hawks optimization-based routing protocol to route data to the edge server, which helps to balance the energy effectively. This protocol takes into account various factors, including distance, cost, residual energy, load, temperature, latency, and overall energy. The proposed model can obtain a throughput value of 82 Mbps for the sensor nodes at 500 and an end-to-end delay of 3.6 at 500 sensor nodes. The packet delivery ratio and loss ratio attain 96.4% and 2.7%, respectively, with 500 sensor nodes in the proposed approach. The proposed method consumes 0.45 mJ of energy with 500 nodes. From this analysis, the proposed model can obtain better results than the existing compared models.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Communication Systems","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigations on a compact self-isolated flag-shaped slotted MIMO antenna for triple-band applications","authors":"S. Rekha,&nbsp;G. Shine Let,&nbsp;S. Radha,&nbsp;P. Lavanya,&nbsp;T. Rajasekhar,&nbsp;S. Ravi Chand","doi":"10.1002/dac.5967","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dac.5967","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A compact flag-shaped slotted multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna is deliberated in the article for triple-band applications. The flag-shaped slotted antenna is built with the help of four radiating patches having rectangular slots and disconnected ground structures. The suggested flag-shaped slotted antenna can operate in the key frequencies of 2.4, 3.5, and 5 GHz. The antenna elements are oriented orthogonally with each other, such that no external decoupling structures are required to provide isolation. The complete size of the four-element MIMO is 30*30*1.6 mm³. The minimum isolation between the four flag-shaped slotted elements is −61, −55, and −47 dB in the operating frequency band of 2.3–2.8 GHz, 3.4–3.9 GHz, and 4.5–5.6 GHz, respectively. The simulated and measured results agree with each other, and they have stable radiation and gain. The MIMO performance parameters are measured, and it is noticed that the envelope correlation coefficient is lower than 0.04 and the diversity gain is 9.99 dB in the considered working frequency bands. The proposed flag-shaped slotted MIMO is appropriate for WLAN, 5G sub-6 GHz, and ISM wireless applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Communication Systems","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a high gain self-triplexing directive antenna using SIW leaky wave technique","authors":"Harsh Kumar,&nbsp;Garima Srivastava,&nbsp;Sachin Kumar","doi":"10.1002/dac.5972","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dac.5972","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this paper, a high gain self-triplexing antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) leaky wave technology is presented for tri-frequency operation. Three identical T-shaped slots are embedded on the upper layer of the proposed SIW antenna, which are energized by two tapered microstrip lines and a simple microstrip line; and the antenna resonates at three different frequencies (7.75 GHz, 9.1 GHz, and 10.15 GHz). The transverse part of the T-slot achieves the first band (8.8 to 9.3 GHz), while the longitudinal part of the T-slot achieves the second band (9.6 to 10.9 GHz), and when excited transversely, the T-slot achieves the third band (7.5 to 8.2 GHz). The isolation level between the ports is more than 25 dB, which contributes to the phenomenon of self-triplexing. The gain of the presented antenna is high when compared with other self-triplexing antennas.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Communication Systems","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Privacy-preserving collaboration in blockchain-enabled IoT: The synergy of modified homomorphic encryption and federated learning","authors":"Raja Anitha,&nbsp;Mahalingam Murugan","doi":"10.1002/dac.5955","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dac.5955","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proliferation of network devices capable of gathering, transmitting, and receiving data over the Internet has spurred the widespread adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, particularly in resource-oriented applications. Integrating blockchain, IoT, homomorphic encryption, and federated learning requires a balance between computational requirements and real-time performance. Secure key management is crucial to maintain data privacy and integrity. Compliance with privacy regulations requires careful implementation of privacy-preserving mechanisms in blockchain-enabled IoT environments, which can be subjected to various attacks. Addressing these challenges requires interdisciplinary expertise, research, and innovation to develop more efficient and effective privacy-preserving techniques tailored to the unique characteristics of such environments. This research introduces the Modified Homomorphic Encryption Federated-based Adaptive Hybrid Dandelion Search (MHEF-AHDS) algorithm as an effective framework to enhance security in blockchain-enabled IoT systems. The amalgamation of Modified Homomorphic Encryption (MHE) and Federated Learning (FL) constitutes a potent alliance that addresses privacy concerns within collaborative and decentralized machine learning environments. This facilitates secure and adaptable data collaboration, effectively mitigating privacy risks associated with sensitive information. The integration of quantum machine learning into security applications presents an exciting opportunity for distinctive progress and innovation. Within this work, the Adaptive Hybrid Dandelion optimization algorithm, featuring an Initial search strategy, is employed for hyperparameter optimization thereby elevating the performances of the proposed MHEF-AHDS method. Furthermore, the integration of smart contracts and Blockchain-based IoT enhances the overall security of the proposed method. MHEF-AHDS comprehensively tackles privacy, security, and scalability challenges through robust security measures and privacy enhancements. The performance evaluation of the MHEF-AHDS method encompasses a thorough analysis based on key metrics such as throughput, latency, scalability, energy consumption, accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score. Comparative assessments against existing methods are conducted to gauge the effectiveness of the proposed method in addressing security, privacy, and scalability concerns.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Communication Systems","volume":"37 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An effective channel allocation designed using hybrid memory dragonfly with imperialist competitive algorithm in distributed mobile adhoc network","authors":"Suganya Rangasamy,&nbsp;Kanmani Ramasamy,&nbsp;Rajesh Kumar Thangavel","doi":"10.1002/dac.5906","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dac.5906","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The channel availability problem reaches a higher degree in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) and garners a lot of attention in communication networks. Because increased mobile usage might result in a lack of channel allocation, an improved channel allocation technique is presented to tackle the availability problem. The distributed dynamic channel allocation (DDCA) model is built in this paper using the hybrid memory dragonfly with imperialist competitive (HMDIC) method. Based on optimization logic, this strategy assigns the channel to mobile hosts. The MANET provides a dispersed network within the coverage region in the absence of base station infrastructure. The HMDIC optimizer approach in this circumstance randomly begins every respective node to update and store their pbest value utilizing RAM dragonfly employing satellite images. The constraint values are then used to construct the cost function, which results in a strong kind of global optimum solution. The channels are therefore distributed in an effective manner. The HMDIC algorithm is used in this research to build a novel channel allocation system. It makes advantage of the exploration capabilities to successfully explore the individual node using MDA (Modified Dragonfly Algorithm) and locate the global best solution using imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA). Both of these combined tactics are more effective in accelerating the convergence of the allocation model. To validate the performance, the HMDIC-based DDCA system provides promising results in terms of assigning available channels, thereby enhancing channel reuse efficiency and fractional interference.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Communication Systems","volume":"37 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142196553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}