International Journal of Artificial Organs最新文献

{"title":"3D decellularized bovine meniscal sponge scaffold as a graft candidate: Comparative in vitro study with standard grafts.","authors":"Jifaldi Afrian Maharaja Dinda Sedar, Dwikora Novembri Utomo, Prihartini Widiyanti, Heri Suroto","doi":"10.1177/03913988261474356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03913988261474356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Meniscal injury disrupts knee biomechanics and accelerates degeneration. Current treatments, including allografts, are limited by donor availability and biological constraints. Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds offer a promising alternative. This study evaluated a three-dimensional (3D) decellularized bovine meniscal sponge scaffold and the effects of different crosslinking agents on its properties.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An in vitro experimental study was conducted with four groups: human meniscus, non-crosslinked bovine scaffold, bovine scaffold treated with glutaraldehyde (GTA), and bovine scaffold treated with tannic acid. Scaffolds were characterized for morphology, ECM preservation, cytocompatibility, chemical properties, degradation, swelling, and mechanical performance using SEM, Masson's trichrome staining, MTT assay, FTIR, and mechanical testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimized decellularization protocol effectively removed cellular components while preserving ECM structure. All scaffolds exhibited a porous 3D architecture with maintained collagen content, especially in tannic acid-treated groups. Crosslinking significantly improved mechanical properties, with the highest compressive strength in the tannic acid 4-h group (2.51 ± 1.02 MPa), followed by the GTA 24-h group (2.46 ± 1.15 MPa). Crosslinked scaffolds also showed enhanced degradation resistance while maintaining adequate swelling capacity. All groups exhibited cell viability above 70%, indicating acceptable cytocompatibility.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 3D decellularized bovine meniscal scaffold shows strong potential as a meniscal graft substitute. Tannic acid crosslinking, particularly at 4 h, provided the most balanced performance, supporting its potential for meniscus tissue engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":13932,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Artificial Organs","volume":" ","pages":"3913988261474356"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational fluid dynamics assessment of hemodynamic effects of catheter navigation during transcatheter aortic valve implantation.","authors":"Matteo Grassi, Alessandro Mazzocchi, Nicola Vezzoli, Luca Soliveri, Ettore Lanzarone, Francesco Carlo Massa","doi":"10.1177/03913988261486186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03913988261486186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a widely adopted, minimally invasive alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement. Despite its clinical success, TAVI can induce hemodynamic complications, which can be investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In this study, CFD was applied to evaluate the hemodynamic impact of catheter insertion during the TAVI procedure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CFD simulations were conducted in SimVascular to assess blood flow alterations at different stages of catheter insertion, from the iliac access to the ascending aorta, focusing on four critical phases of catheter advancement. Hemodynamic parameters were systematically analyzed across all simulated models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Catheter insertion induced a pronounced local pressure drop and elevated wall shear stress (WSS) at the access-side iliac artery. Outlet flow analysis showed redistribution across branches, with reduced flow on the access side and compensatory increases in the contralateral femoral artery and the other branches. Oscillatory shear index (OSI) and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) were reduced at the access site, whereas higher OSI and TKE were observed in the contralateral iliac artery. Local hemodynamics and WSS near the catheter tip were found to be sensitive to the catheter's longitudinal position.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that CFD can effectively capture catheter-induced hemodynamic disturbances during TAVI delivery, providing a foundation for patient-specific risk assessment and procedural optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":13932,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Artificial Organs","volume":" ","pages":"3913988261486186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smart organoid-on-chip systems: From microfluidics to sensors, control, and AI.","authors":"Hina Wajid, Sumreen Begum","doi":"10.1177/03913988261479040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03913988261479040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Organoid systems have opened the door to modeling human tissues with a level of biological realism that conventional 2D cultures could never achieve. Yet, as many laboratories have experienced firsthand, organoids are extremely sensitive to their microenvironment and difficult to standardize across experiments. The growing shift toward smart, sensor-integrated organoid-on-a-chip platforms reflects an attempt to address these persistent challenges. These hybrid systems combine organoid biology with microfluidics, real-time sensors, microcontroller-based actuation, and increasingly, AI-driven interpretation. Together, these layers create a setting where physicochemical cues, nutrient flow, oxygen levels, and even mechanical forces can be monitored and adjusted continuously. This evolution marks a departure from the largely descriptive nature of organoid culture toward a more quantitative and automated framework. Such systems not only improve reproducibility and long-term stability but also allow organoids to reach levels of maturation and physiological behavior that are difficult to obtain in static conditions. As the technology matures, smart organoid-on-a-chip platforms are likely to play a central role in disease modeling, drug evaluation, and personalized medicine, particularly in contexts where dynamic environmental control and continuous data resolution are essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":13932,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Artificial Organs","volume":" ","pages":"3913988261479040"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148989704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcomes of bivalirudin and heparin in pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mei Liu, Jiangyan Yu, Xiangyu He, Mei Feng","doi":"10.1177/03913988261481295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03913988261481295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Managing anticoagulation during pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) remains a persistent clinical challenge due to the narrow margin between life-threatening hemorrhage and thrombotic occlusion. While bivalirudin has gained traction as a promising alternative to unfractionated heparin (UFH) owing to its predictable pharmacokinetics, robust evidence supporting its pediatric efficacy remains limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis compared clinical outcomes between bivalirudin and UFH in pediatric ECMO populations by searching PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane CENTRAL and CNKI up to April 4, 2026. Twelve studies (including 770 patients) were analyzed using random-effects models. Compared with UFH, bivalirudin may be associated with significantly lower odds of major bleeding (OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.12-0.32), systemic thrombosis (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.23-0.75), neurologic events (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.29-0.78), and in-hospital mortality (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.41-0.79), alongside faster achievement of therapeutic targets. Although ECMO duration was longer with bivalirudin (SMD 0.43, 95% CI 0.11-0.75), no significant differences were observed in circuit thrombosis, on-ECMO mortality, or time within the therapeutic range. Consequently, bivalirudin may provide a safer, more effective anticoagulation strategy than UFH in pediatric ECMO, though prospective multicenter studies and randomized trials are warranted to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":13932,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Artificial Organs","volume":" ","pages":"3913988261481295"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148976824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial liver support therapy alters TNFα and CD4+ T cell counts in liver failure: A pilot self-controlled study.","authors":"Lei Peng, Shuangshuang Ma, Yueying Liu, Shuya Liu, Lei Tang","doi":"10.1177/03913988261479971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03913988261479971","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Artificial liver support therapy (ALS) is increasingly used in liver failure, but its immunomodulatory effects remain incompletely understood. This pilot study aimed to investigate changes in plasma cytokines and T lymphocyte subsets following ALS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-seven patients with liver failure who received ALS were enrolled. Plasma levels of TNFα, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-2, and IFN-γ, as well as T lymphocyte subsets (CD4+ T cell absolute count, CD4+/CD8+ ratio), were measured before and after treatment. Paired <i>t</i>‑tests were used for comparisons. Patients were dichotomized by median pre-treatment TNFα level to compare clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After ALS, TNFα levels decreased significantly (2.537 ± 1.519 vs 1.522 ± 0.749 pg/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.004). IL-4 also showed a significant reduction (1.463 ± 1.165 vs 0.893 ± 0.648 pg/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.031). CD4+ T cell absolute count increased significantly (430.85 ± 220.15 vs 636.63 ± 429.27 cells/μL, <i>p</i> = 0.034). Total T cell count showed an increasing trend (788.70 vs 1093.63 cells/μL, <i>p</i> = 0.064). Patients with low pre-treatment TNFα levels (below median) had a significantly higher improvement rate compared to those with high TNFα levels (100% vs 71.4%, <i>p</i> = 0.036).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ALS therapy is associated with a significant reduction in TNFα and a significant increase in CD4+ T cell absolute count, suggesting potential anti‑inflammatory and immune‑restorative effects. Lower baseline TNFα levels may predict favorable short‑term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13932,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Artificial Organs","volume":" ","pages":"3913988261479971"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148944343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiomyoplasty: A renaissance of an abandoned technique.","authors":"Theresia Feline Husen, Ali Saad Merzah, Susanna Nowakowski, Sara Knigge, Günes Dogan, Swetlana Postol, Arjang Ruhparwar, Jan D Schmitto","doi":"10.1177/03913988261474709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03913988261474709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dynamic cardiomyoplasty (DCM), introduced in the 1980s, was a pioneering attempt to treat end-stage heart failure using autologous skeletal muscle to provide biological cardiac support. Although it initially improved functional status, DCM was abandoned due to a \"mechanical paradox,\" the technique failed to deliver consistent hemodynamic benefits and suffered from chronic muscle degeneration, including fatty infiltration and atrophy. This narrative review explores the history, mechanisms, and evolution of this concept, synthesizing relevant publications, early experimental foundations, objective clinical outcomes, and the transition from biological grafts to modern innovation, namely soft robotic cardiac sleeves. Unlike the original biological approach, these emerging technologies utilize programmable synthetic actuators that overcome biological fatigue and fatty degeneration. Crucially, they preserve DCM's \"non-blood-contacting\" advantage, which eliminates the need for lifelong anticoagulation, a major complication of current mechanical circulatory support devices. This evolution marks a shift toward a new paradigm in bio-robotic engineering, where precise, synchronized external support can be achieved through advanced materials. The transition from biological muscle flaps to synthetic soft robotics revitalizes the core principles of cardiomyoplasty. By integrating modern engineering with these established surgical concepts, soft robotic sleeves offer a potentially sustainable, biocompatible, and accessible alternative for the global management of advanced heart failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":13932,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Artificial Organs","volume":" ","pages":"3913988261474709"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148911927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poly(vinyl alcohol)-hyaluronic acid injectable hydrogel as a nucleus pulposus substitute candidate.","authors":"Prihartini Widiyanti, Anindya Ramadhani Agam, Dyah Hikmawati, Arif Priyangga","doi":"10.1177/03913988261473120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03913988261473120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, low back pain is the top 10 highest prevalence diseases in the world. As many as 30%-80% of cases are induced by herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP). HNP is a protrusion of the nucleus pulposus (NP) caused by the rupture of the annulus fibrosus. Injectable hydrogel as an NP substitute is an alternative HNP treatment through hydrating and restoring disc thickness with minimally invasive surgery. A poly(vinyl alcohol)-hyaluronic acid hydrogel was developed as an injectable material for the treatment of HNP. Poly(vinyl alcohol) or PVA has good mechanical properties. While hyaluronic acid (HA) is the main component of glycosaminoglycans found in NP. Tween-80 was used as a surfactant to improve the homogeneity and dispersion of the polymer mixture synthetized using the freeze-thawing method with variations of PVA-HA ratio about 7-0, 7-0.3, 7-0.6, and 7-0.9, in % (w/v). According to the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum result, our samples showed the -CO-O group of PVA-HA and Tween-80. Thus, the viscosity of the sample increases with increasing HA content. The addition of HA concentration increase sample swelling ratio, degradation rate and cell viability. The overall sample has excellent compressive strength and injectability close to 100%. The entire sample also can occupy the details of the agarose mold with good intact. We also found that the samples can be set in a shorter time along with the addition of HA content.</p>","PeriodicalId":13932,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Artificial Organs","volume":" ","pages":"3913988261473120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148911921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poly(vinyl alcohol)-poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) hydrogel for herniated nucleus pulposus: Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro study.","authors":"Prihartini Widiyanti, Atheta R Buena, Aminatun Aminatun, Che Azurahanim Che Abdullah, Arif Priyangga, Yurituna Firda","doi":"10.1177/03913988261470334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03913988261470334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydrogel as a highly hydrophilic polymer is suitable for nucleus pulposus substitute. Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)-Poly(Vinyl Pyrrolidone) hydrogels are prepared through a cross-linking mechanism using sodium trimetaphospate (STMP). The synthesis method was carried out by mixing variations of the molar ratio between PVA to PVP consist 1:0, 1:0.5, 1:1, and 1:1.5. FTIR spectra for hydrogels revealed the formation of a new bond at 1292 cm^-1 (O-P = O stretching). Bonding occurred between the functional group of cross-linking and STMP. The setting time value increased in agreement with the addition of the PVP molar ratio. Compressive strength test results obtained in samples 1:1 and 1:1.5 molar ratio is 5.65 and 4.47 kPa, respectively. Cytotoxicity test showed that sample 1:1.5 produced the highest cell viability with 69.68%. In the in vitro model test, the higher amount of PVP in the hydrogel, the better capability to follow the agarose mold details. Swelling test using phosphate buffer saline (PBS) approaching the ideal value for HNP replacement in the sample with a variation of 1:1 and 1:1.5 respectively 78.44% and 81.86%. The degradation test at a variation of 1:1.5 molar ratio showed a degradation mass of 20.27% for 21 days. PVA-PVP hydrogels have the potential to be applied to HNP replacement based on their compressive strength, biocompatibility status, mold filling ability test, swelling data, and degradation rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":13932,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Artificial Organs","volume":" ","pages":"3913988261470334"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148911948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Berlin Heart EXCOR in pediatric heart failure: Bridging long-lasting and complex conditions to transplant.","authors":"Raffaele Abete, Ottavio Zucchetti, Attilio Iacovoni, Claudia Vittori, Roberta Sebastiani, Francesca Julia Papesso, Francesco Seddio, Amedeo Terzi","doi":"10.1177/03913988261479957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03913988261479957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Advanced heart failure (advHF) in pediatric patients often requires prolonged mechanical circulatory support (MCS) as a bridge-to-transplant or bridge-to-recovery. Due to donor scarcity and anatomical complexity, pediatric patients frequently face long MCS durations and high complication risks. The Berlin Heart EXCOR is an approved ventricular assist device (VAD) with versatile configurations adaptable to specific patient needs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed demographic, clinical, echocardiographic, and hemodynamic data from the Heart Transplant Unit at ASST-Papa Giovanni XXIII (Bergamo, Italy). The research focused on advHF management using prolonged MCS as a bridge-to-transplant, detailing Berlin Heart EXCOR configurations, settings, support duration, and complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three pediatric patients with distinct etiologies received prolonged MCS via Berlin Heart EXCOR. The first, with genetic dilated cardiomyopathy, required a left ventricular EXCOR. The second, with early-onset cardiomyopathy and biventricular failure, received biventricular support. The third, with complex congenital heart disease (CHD), was supported by a single EXCOR. Despite varying ages and cardiac anatomies, all three patients were successfully bridged to heart transplantation without irreversible extracardiac organ damage.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case series demonstrates the effectiveness of long-lasting MCS in providing sustained hemodynamic stability for pediatric patients. The Berlin Heart EXCOR proved to be a reliable long-term support option in both univentricular and biventricular settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":13932,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Artificial Organs","volume":" ","pages":"3913988261479957"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148880309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravascular hemolysis and clinical outcomes in continuous-flow LVAD patients: A single-center retrospective analysis.","authors":"Ali Onder Kilic, Cagatay Engin, Tahir Yagdi, Mustafa Ozbaran","doi":"10.1177/03913988261479983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03913988261479983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the incidence of intravascular hemolysis in patients implanted with continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices (LVADs), to describe longitudinal changes in hemolysis-related laboratory markers (LDH, total/direct bilirubin, INR), and to assess their diagnostic value for pump thrombosis and cerebrovascular events.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 100 end-stage heart failure patients (2014-2015). To ensure consistent longitudinal analysis, 59 long-term survivors (42 HeartWare HVAD, 17 HeartMate II) were included. For each patient, a dynamic LDH increase ratio (peak/preoperative baseline) was calculated. The diagnostic performance of the criterion \"LDH >250 U/L and ⩾4-fold increase from baseline\" was evaluated. Cox regression, ROC analysis, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During 1-year follow-up, 17 patients experienced thrombotic or cerebrovascular events (8 confirmed pump thrombosis). While absolute LDH values at fixed time points were not discriminative, the dynamic LDH increase ratio was significantly higher in the thrombosis group (<i>p</i> = 0.0102), with an AUC of 0.840. Preoperative LDH was a significant risk factor in Cox regression (HR: 1.005, <i>p</i> = 0.009), reflecting baseline disease severity. The ⩾4-fold LDH increase criterion demonstrated a Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of 97.6%, indicating excellent rule-out performance. No significant difference was found between device types (<i>p</i> > 0.05), supporting a device-independent biomarker dynamic.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Baseline LDH alone is not a reliable predictor of pump thrombosis. In contrast, a ⩾4-fold dynamic rise in LDH relative to the patient's own baseline provides excellent negative predictive value. This dynamic surge serves as a practical, device-independent decision-support tool to rule out pump thrombosis with high confidence in all cf-LVAD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":13932,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Artificial Organs","volume":" ","pages":"3913988261479983"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148873758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}