{"title":"The study on crack evolution mechanism of TiAlN-coated tool in milling TC4 titanium alloy","authors":"Guangqiang Li, Jingjie Zhang, Guangchun Xiao, Chonghai Xu, Hui Chen, Zhaoqiang Chen, Zhihao Geng","doi":"10.1111/ijac.15194","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijac.15194","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aims to investigate the effects of thermo-mechanical coupled stresses on crack initiation and propagation in coated cutting tools during milling processes. TiAlN-coated tools machined TC4 workpieces, and a comprehensive analysis of cutting forces, cutting temperatures, and tool stresses was carried out through finite element simulation. By decoupling thermal and mechanical stresses, the study aimed to identify the different forms and effects of both types of stresses on the coated tools. Experimental results revealed that an increase in cutting speed resulted in higher tool surface temperatures, leading to elevated thermal stresses that facilitated the propagation of “comb-like” thermal cracks. Additionally, mechanical stresses induced by impacts during milling operations were found to initiate and propagate mechanical cracks in tools. The research observed that mechanical cracks, running parallel to the cutting edge, and thermal cracks, propagating perpendicular to the cutting edge, eventually result in coating spalling. The primary modes of tool failure identified were the propagation of micro-cracks and coating spalling, with the direction of crack propagation closely linked to the stress state distribution within the tool. The research highlights the intricate interplay between thermal and mechanical stresses in the evolution of cracks in coated cutting tools during milling processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13903,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","volume":"22 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144815076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
You Zhou, Yuki Nakashima, Kiyoshi Hirao, Manabu Fukushima
{"title":"Effects of packing powder on densification and properties of pressureless sintered silicon nitride ceramics","authors":"You Zhou, Yuki Nakashima, Kiyoshi Hirao, Manabu Fukushima","doi":"10.1111/ijac.70001","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijac.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pressureless sintering of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> doped with 2 mol% Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and 5 mol% MgO was carried out at temperatures ranging from 1700°C to 1770°C in three kinds of packing powders consisting of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> and BN coupled with or without addition of Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, MgO, and SiO<sub>2</sub>. Effects of packing powders on weight change, densification, and grain growth during sintering and properties (thermal conductivity, fracture toughness, and bending strength) of the sintered samples were studied. It was found that adding Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and MgO into the packing powder resulted in improvement of densification, grain growth, thermal conductivity, fracture toughness, and bending strength of the sintered samples. However, further addition of SiO<sub>2</sub> into the packing powder could lead to suppressed grain growth and decrease in thermal conductivity, fracture toughness, and bending strength. The sample sintered at 1770°C in the packing powder containing Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and MgO was fully densified, and it possessed well-balanced properties: thermal conductivity of 76 W m<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−1</sup>, fracture toughness of 7.82 MPa m<sup>1/2</sup>, and bending strength of 932 MPa.</p>","PeriodicalId":13903,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","volume":"22 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ceramics.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijac.70001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Jafar Molaei, Masoud Ataei, Abolghasem Ataie
{"title":"Structural memory effects in M-type hexaferrite magnets","authors":"Mohammad Jafar Molaei, Masoud Ataei, Abolghasem Ataie","doi":"10.1111/ijac.15189","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijac.15189","url":null,"abstract":"<p>M-type hexaferrites are a category of magnetic materials distinguished by their unique crystal structure and enhanced magnetic properties, which render them particularly suitable for applications in magnetic recording, microwave devices, and permanent magnets. M-type hexaferrites exhibit remarkable tunability in their magnetic properties through exposure to controlled gaseous atmospheres, including hydrogen, nitrogen, methane, and carbon-based gases, under heat treatment. These processes induce decomposition and partial reduction, enhancing saturation magnetization while reducing coercivity. Recalcination restores the hexaferrite structure, refining grain size and achieving superior magnetic properties. Interestingly, the recovery of the hexagonal structure occurs consistently across different hexaferrites (barium or strontium hexaferrite), reductant atmospheres (hydrogen, nitrogen, methane, or carbon), and techniques (heat treatment or mechanical milling). This reduction recombination process highlights a robust memory effect inherent in hexaferrites, offering opportunities for developing advanced materials with optimized magnetic properties. This review examines the mechanisms and methodologies of gas heat treatments and mechanical alloying, emphasizing their advantages over traditional approaches such as ion doping and wet chemical synthesis. It also identifies challenges and opportunities for leveraging these methods to engineer versatile magnetic materials for diverse applications in data storage, recording technologies, and beyond.</p>","PeriodicalId":13903,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","volume":"22 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roman Khabirov, Ruslan Kuzmin, Anna Mass, Mikhail Agafonov, Alexander Miller, Nina Cherkasova, Natalia Aleksandrova, Yulia Malyutina
{"title":"Mn–Zn ferrites with high Fe2O3 content obtained by the nitrate–citrate sol–gel auto-combustion method","authors":"Roman Khabirov, Ruslan Kuzmin, Anna Mass, Mikhail Agafonov, Alexander Miller, Nina Cherkasova, Natalia Aleksandrova, Yulia Malyutina","doi":"10.1111/ijac.15193","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijac.15193","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, powders and sintered cores of Mn–Zn ferrites with Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> contents ranging from 61.8 to 76.9 mol.% were investigated. The high iron oxide powders obtained by the nitrate–citrate sol–gel auto-combustion method contained 96 wt.% ferrite phase without additional heat treatment. After air quenching at 1300°C, the ferrite cores obtained from these powders have a two-phase structure. Single-phase ferrites with Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> contents ranging from 61.8 to 76.9 mol.% were obtained by sintering in an atmosphere with a residual air pressure of 20 Pa at 1280°C. As the Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content increases from 61.8 to 76.9 mol.%, initial magnetic permeability decreases from 1100 to 150, coercivity (<i>H</i><sub>c</sub>) increases from 70 to 240 A/m, but high temperature stability of maximum flux density (<i>B</i><sub>m</sub>) is achieved—in the range of 25°C–100°C, the decrease of <i>B</i><sub>m</sub> is not more than 3%. Sintering at 1300°C resulted in a decrease of initial magnetic permeability and <i>B</i><sub>m</sub> values due to active evaporation of zinc.</p>","PeriodicalId":13903,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","volume":"22 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of pressure on HTHP sintering behavior of WC-6Co hard alloy","authors":"Chunhua Chen, Yi Tian, Qian Li, Ruiang Guo, Wenjia Liang, Duanwei He, Xiuyan Wei, Zuguang Hu, Jianyun Yang, Guodong (David) Zhan","doi":"10.1111/ijac.15192","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijac.15192","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The high-temperature and high-pressure (HTHP) method, recognized for its effectiveness in diamond synthesis, has found extensive application in the preparation of composite materials due to its advantages, including ultrahigh hydrostatic pressure and reduced synthesis time. This study investigates the sintering behavior of WC-6Co hard alloys with grain sizes ranging from 0.2 to 0.5 µm, subjected to HTHP sintering at pressures between 1.0 and 5.0 GPa. Results indicate that increasing sintering pressure correlates with enhanced Vickers hardness. Notably, the sample sintered at 5.0 GPa exhibited a 34.5% increase in Vickers hardness (from 17.3 ± 0.4 GPa to 23.0 ± 0.5 GPa) compared to the commercial hard alloy of identical composition, outperforming WC-6Co hard alloys produced via spark plasma sintering (SPS) and low-pressure sintering methods. Additionally, at constant temperature, rising sintering pressure led to a gradual decrease in WC grain size and a blurring of grain boundaries. The sintering temperature required for HTHP was significantly lower than that of traditional methods, with the temperature at 5.0 GPa being approximately 300°C lower than conventional sintering temperatures. This study enhances the understanding of WC-Co hard alloys’ sintering behavior under HTHP conditions and offers new insights for developing high-performance WC-Co hard alloys.</p>","PeriodicalId":13903,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","volume":"22 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hui-Ze Li, Yan Zhang, Bo-Yu Ni, Zhang-Yu Wu, Hao-Yu Cao, Fa-Cai Yan, Rui-Wen Tang, Ye Liu
{"title":"Research on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high-entropy composite ceramics","authors":"Hui-Ze Li, Yan Zhang, Bo-Yu Ni, Zhang-Yu Wu, Hao-Yu Cao, Fa-Cai Yan, Rui-Wen Tang, Ye Liu","doi":"10.1111/ijac.15191","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijac.15191","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties of HEB-SiC composite ceramics, various SiC contents (10 vol%, 20 vol%, 30 vol%) were incorporated as the second phase. (Mo<sub>0.2</sub>Nb<sub>0.2</sub>Zr<sub>0.2</sub>Hf<sub>0.2</sub>Ti<sub>0.2</sub>)B<sub>2</sub>-(10 vol%, 20 vol%, 30 vol%)SiC composite ceramics were synthesized using borothermal/carbothermal reduction followed by SPS. As the sintering temperature increased, the hardness of the composite ceramics remained relatively stable, while the fracture toughness showed a notable improvement. Additionally, with an increase in SiC content, the hardness of the composite ceramics decreased, whereas the fracture toughness increased. The highest hardness values were observed for the 10 vol% SiC samples, measuring 31.4 ± 1.4 GPa at 1800°C and 31.4 ± 1.3 GPa at 1900°C. The 30 vol% SiC sample sintered at 1900°C exhibited the highest fracture toughness, reaching 5.24 ± 0.44 MPa·m<sup>1/2</sup>. These findings demonstrate that increasing the SiC content enhances the mechanical properties of high-entropy boride ceramics.</p>","PeriodicalId":13903,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","volume":"22 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation and thermophysical properties of (GdYb)2Zr2O7-LiAlSiO4 composite ceramics","authors":"Bangyang Zhou, Jiaqi Ren, Xijia Ke, Yongjing Cui, Changliang Wang, Mengqiu Guo, Jian Jiao","doi":"10.1111/ijac.15188","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijac.15188","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rare-earth zirconates are highly competitive ceramic materials for thermal/environmental barrier coatings (T/EBCs) due to their high melting point, high corrosion resistance, excellent high-temperature phase stability, and very low thermal conductivity. However, they are susceptible to thermal mismatch with the substrate, leading to localized thermal stress concentration and generation of cracks in the coating, which eventually affect their service life and practical applications. In this study, (GdYb)<sub>2</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>-LiAlSiO<sub>4</sub> (GYbZ-LAS) composite ceramics were successfully prepared by high-temperature solid-phase method to reduce the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the GYbZ matrix. The incorporation of the LAS phase reduced the composite ceramic density while enhancing particle size distribution uniformity. Compared to pristine GYbZ, the fracture toughness of the composite ceramic doubled from 1.29 to 2.56 MPa·m<sup>1/2</sup>, accompanied by a marked improvement in mechanical properties. Furthermore, the LAS phase effectively mitigated microcrack formation in GYbZ at elevated temperatures, reducing the overall CTE from 11.05 × 10<sup>−6</sup> to −4.07 × 10<sup>−6</sup> K<sup>−1</sup>, thereby significantly enhancing the composite's thermal stability. The research on GYbZ-LAS provides important theoretical foundation and reference directions for the development of T/EBCs for engines operating in high-temperature environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":13903,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","volume":"22 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144815218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation of Si3N4 ceramics with enhanced thermal conductivity and mechanical properties using nitride sintering additives","authors":"Binbin Fan, Wei Sun, Zunlan Hu, Dengke Zhao, Bohan Wang, Shuo Zhao, Shijia Zhang, Fei Li, Zhipeng Xie, Kexin Chen, Guanghua Liu","doi":"10.1111/ijac.15182","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijac.15182","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> ceramics with enhanced thermal conductivity and mechanical properties were prepared by using nitride sintering additives of YN and MgSiN<sub>2</sub>. In addition to the conventional oxide sintering additives such as Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and MgO, the use of nitride sintering additives offered more possibilities for the optimization of the microstructure and properties of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> ceramics. The Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> sample with binary nitride additives of YN‒MgSiN<sub>2</sub> showed a coarse-grained microstructure and the maximum thermal conductivity of 112 W m<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−1</sup> after heat treatment. However, the binary nitride additives were insufficient to supply sufficient liquid phase during the sintering of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> ceramics, which caused porosity and impaired the mechanical properties. A good balance between thermal conductivity and mechanical properties was achieved by using nitride-oxide hybrid sintering additives of YN‒MgO, where the Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> sample showed both high thermal conductivity of 109 W m⁻<sup>1</sup> K⁻<sup>1</sup> and good mechanical properties with flexural strength of 707 ± 7 MPa, fracture toughness of 9.5 ± 0.2 MPa m<sup>1/2</sup>, and Vickers hardness of 14.9 ± 1 GPa.</p>","PeriodicalId":13903,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","volume":"22 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144815247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Song Xin-rui, Xiang Yang, Luo Meng, Peng Zhi-hang, Wen Jin, Liu Ping, Li Hai-long, Yao Yong-tao
{"title":"Lower thermal conductivity and outstanding compressive strength of oxide fiber porous ceramics","authors":"Song Xin-rui, Xiang Yang, Luo Meng, Peng Zhi-hang, Wen Jin, Liu Ping, Li Hai-long, Yao Yong-tao","doi":"10.1111/ijac.15181","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijac.15181","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The development of reusable large-area thermal insulation materials for re-entry vehicles faces challenges such as uneven density distribution and low mechanical strength in domestic research. To address these issues, this study innovatively optimizes binder selection (aluminum sol vs. silica sol) and process control (compression rates of 10–30%) to enhance the performance of oxide fiber porous ceramics. By systematically investigating the microstructure-mechanical property relationship, the ceramics exhibited ultralow density (0.39 g/cm<sup>3</sup>), reduced thermal conductivity (.0985 W/(m·K)), and significantly improved compressive strength (1.03 MPa). Oxide fiber porous ceramics were prepared by gel casting using silica sol and aluminum sol as adhesives and quartz fiber as fiber skeleton. During the preparation, the fiber arrangement and adhesive content in the wet embryo were controlled by extrusion, and their properties and morphology were characterized. The density of the ceramics increased with the compression amount. The thermal conductivity of the material showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Using aluminum sol as a binder could effectively improve the compressive strength of the ceramics. The ceramics achieve ultralow density and minimized thermal conductivity, demonstrating a breakthrough in balancing mechanical and thermal performance for aerospace applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":13903,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","volume":"22 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced mechanical properties and mechanisms of ceramic layer toughened by a surface-modified SiC whisker","authors":"Zhijia Zhang, Yongzhi Jing, Guo Jin, Xiufang Cui, Zhuo Chen, Qicheng Li, Shinan Hu, Dechang Ma, Hanchun Wang, Yongchao Fang, Haidou Wang","doi":"10.1111/ijac.15187","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijac.15187","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To enhance the service longevity and operational stability of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), surface-modified silicon carbide whiskers (SiC<sub>w</sub>) have been strategically integrated into yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) matrices. This study systematically evaluates the influence of SiC<sub>w</sub> surface modification on the mechanical integrity of composite coatings. Quantitative analysis reveals that the surface-functionalized SiC<sub>w</sub> effectively reduces coating porosity while concurrently enhancing mechanical performance. Notably, the YSZ-W<sub>L</sub> composite coating exhibited superior fracture toughness, demonstrating a 25–35% improvement relative to the baseline YSZ system. Post-sintering evaluation further substantiated that the YSZ-W<sub>L</sub> ceramic layer retains exceptional tensile resistance and flexural load-bearing capacity. Accelerated erosion testing revealed an 18.5% reduction in mass loss rate for YSZ-W<sub>L</sub> (1.072 mg/g) compared to conventional YSZ (1.316 mg/g). The toughening mechanisms governing the modified SiC<sub>w</sub>-reinforced system are attributed to three synergistic effects: (I) Optimized interfacial bonding, (II) Crack deflection, and (III) Enhanced whisker pull-out resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":13903,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","volume":"22 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144814594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}