Tao Zhou, Longyuan Zhao, Kai Gu, Huanhuan Wang, Yulong Liao, Yuanxun Li
{"title":"Low-Temperature Sintering Behavior and Microwave Dielectric Properties of Li2Co(WO4)2 Ceramics Toward Ultra-Low-Temperature Co-Fired Ceramic Applications","authors":"Tao Zhou, Longyuan Zhao, Kai Gu, Huanhuan Wang, Yulong Liao, Yuanxun Li","doi":"10.1111/ijac.70287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijac.70287","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ultra-low-temperature co-fired ceramic (ULTCC) technology is attractive for miniaturized radio frequency front-end modules. Li<sub>2</sub>Co(WO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> ceramics are promising candidates owing to their relatively low sintering temperature and favorable dielectric properties. In this study, high-purity Li<sub>2</sub>Co(WO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> ceramics were synthesized via a conventional solid-state reaction route using Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>, CoO, and WO<sub>3</sub> as raw materials. The thermal behavior of the precursor powders was evaluated by thermogravimetry–differential scanning calorimetry and derivative thermogravimetry, while phase formation, microstructure, densification, and microwave dielectric properties were investigated for ceramics sintered at 625°C–700°C. Thermal analysis indicated that calcination at 600°C largely suppressed the major mass-loss processes, while X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of phase-pure Li<sub>2</sub>Co(WO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> ceramics after sintering. The sample sintered at 675°C achieved the highest bulk density of 6.467 g·cm<sup>−</sup><sup>3</sup>, corresponding to a relative density of approximately 93.55% and an estimated total porosity of approximately 6.45%. Correspondingly, the best overall microwave dielectric properties were obtained at 675°C: ε<sub>r</sub> = 12.488, <i>Q</i> × <i>f</i> = 10,979.1 GHz, and τ<sub>f</sub> = −71.95 ppm/°C. Comparison with literature-reported values suggests that <i>Q</i> × <i>f</i> is particularly sensitive to processing conditions and microstructural defects. These findings provide guidance for controlling densification and dielectric loss in tungstate-based ULTCC ceramics.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13903,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","volume":"23 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149145917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of SiO2 on SiO2/HA/TCP Porous Composite Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering by 3D Printing","authors":"Zihan Zhang, Zhe Yang, Tao Lin, Huiping Shao","doi":"10.1111/ijac.70286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijac.70286","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, SiO<sub>2</sub>/hydroxyapatite (HA)/tricalcium phosphate (TCP) porous composite scaffolds were successfully prepared by three-dimensional printing (3DP). The rheological properties of the printing slurries and the characteristics of the composite scaffolds were investigated. The results showed that the viscosities of the printing slurries with different SiO<sub>2</sub> contents were respectively 16.3, 16.7, 44.3, and 78.5 Pa·s at shear rates of 38.3, 46.4, 35.9, and 33.0 s<sup>−1</sup>, which was suitable for printing. The porosities of printed porous composite scaffolds with different SiO<sub>2</sub> contents were about 58% and their compressive strengths were respectively 16.4, 20.8, 41.4, and 25.4 MPa after sintering at 1200°C, which indicates that the appropriate addition of SiO<sub>2</sub> can enhance the strength of the composite scaffolds. In vitro immersion experiments showed that the porous composite scaffolds with different SiO<sub>2</sub> contents exhibited respectively the weight loss rate of 8.7%, 9.0%, 9.6%, and 7.6% and pH values of the solutions remained within the range of 7.2–7.45 after 56 days in simulated body fluid (SBF), which is suitable for bone repairing.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13903,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","volume":"23 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Slag Resistance of MgO–C Refractories for Ladle Slag Line: Role of Carbon-Enhanced Composite Aggregates","authors":"Qilong Chen, Tianqing Li, Cheng Liu, Jie Gao, Baikuan Liu, Qixiu Zuo, Qian Zhang, Hailing Yuan, Xu Zhao","doi":"10.1111/ijac.70285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijac.70285","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Superior slag resistance is strictly required for MgO–C ladle slag lines. The present work reports a significant enhancement in slag resistance of MgO–C refractories achieved by utilizing carbon-enhanced sintered magnesia (CSM) aggregates. The results revealed that the incorporation of CSM aggregates reduced the slag corrosion index of MgO–C specimens from 11.0% to 9.1%, representing a 17.3% decrease relative to the conventional specimen. Meanwhile, as the CSM aggregates content increased from 0 to 60wt%, the slag penetration depth was decreased from 2549 to 889 µm (>65% reduction). On one hand, the abundant carbon-enhanced phases in CSM aggregates fill the pores and defects in the structure, reducing the accessibility of slag penetration channels. On the other hand, the continuous homogeneous carbon barriers originating from CSM aggregates interrupt the continuity of the glass phase and inhibit further slag infiltration and corrosion.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13903,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","volume":"23 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149146799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Brazing of Si3N4 Ceramics to Cu Via Nanosecond Laser-Processed Surface Microgrooves","authors":"Chao Huang, Yin-Qun Hua, Teng-Zhou Xu, Tao Chen","doi":"10.1111/ijac.70277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijac.70277","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigated the effects of nanosecond laser scanning spacing on the interfacial microstructure and shear strength of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/Cu joints brazed with Ag–Cu–4.5Ti filler under low-vacuum conditions. Laser scanning spacing regulated the microgroove morphology, and the laser-processed microgrooves improved filler infiltration while surface recast silicon was found to weaken preferential Ti–O oxidation; these two coupled effects jointly reduced the formation of brittle TiO<i><sub>x</sub></i>. Meanwhile, a continuous and dense Ti<sub>5</sub>Si<sub>3</sub>/TiN interfacial reaction layer was obtained at the optimized scanning spacing of 60 µm. The corresponding joint achieved a maximum shear strength of 67.9 MPa, approximately 2.7 times that of the original joint. This study revealed the microstructural regulation mechanism of nanosecond laser-pretreated Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> during low-vacuum brazing and provided a potential reference for ceramic–metal joining.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13903,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","volume":"23 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149048252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Linking Oxide Scale Evolution to Thermal Shock Failure in Zirconium Carbide","authors":"Eden Pfanner, Yun-Ching Lin, Yinglu Tang","doi":"10.1111/ijac.70284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijac.70284","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Zirconium carbide (ZrC) is an ultra-high-temperature ceramic valued for its excellent thermomechanical properties, yet its vulnerability to oxidation and its thermal shock behavior upon oxidation remain insufficiently understood. This study examines how prior oxidation history, defined by cyclic exposure temperature and duration, affects the thermal shock response of monolithic ZrC. Near-stoichiometric specimens were oxidized in atmospheric air across a temperature range of 600°C–800°C, then water-quenched from those temperatures. Increasing oxidation severity produced thicker oxide scales, higher monoclinic ZrO<sub>2</sub> content, and greater crack density. A transition to failure-prone behavior occurred between 700°C and 800°C, when monoclinic ZrO<sub>2</sub> and crack density both exceeded approximately 10%, leading to critical degradation. Given the oxidation parameters explored, the temperature threshold for thermal shock occurrence was identified as 700°C–800°C. The combined oxidation–quench approach establishes oxidation-dependent thresholds for thermal shock resistance and provides a framework for evaluating the stability of oxidized structures in harsh thermal environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":13903,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","volume":"23 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijac.70284","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149048083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Doped and Multilayer Variants of Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings for Biomedical Devices: A Review","authors":"Boyang Shen, Dmytro Shytikov, Oleksiy V. Penkov","doi":"10.1111/ijac.70282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijac.70282","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings are promising for biomedical applications due to excellent tribology, chemical inertness, and biocompatibility, but suffer from high residual stress and poor adhesion. This review focuses on two advanced strategies—elemental doping and multilayer architectures—to overcome these limitations. Metal doping (Ag, Cu) and nonmetal doping (Si, F) adjust the sp<sup>3</sup>/sp<sup>2</sup> ratio, reducing internal stress while improving toughness and adhesion. Silicon enhances hydrophilicity and tribochemical stability; fluorine increases hydrophobicity, reducing protein adsorption and platelet activation; silver or copper imparts antimicrobial properties. Multilayer designs like nanolaminates relieve interfacial stress and boost load-bearing capacity, significantly improving wear resistance and adhesion on polymers. Despite the remarkable progress, the path to clinical maturity requires overcoming persistent challenges. Achieving precise control over dopant distribution and release kinetics is paramount to ensuring long-term therapeutic efficacy without toxicity. Furthermore, ensuring robust interfacial adhesion in complex multilayer architectures under physiological duress remains a critical engineering challenge. A deeper biological understanding is also needed to decipher how coating microstructure and wear debris characteristics orchestrate the immune response and long-term tissue integration. Overall, doped and multilayer DLC coatings hold great potential to enhance the durability of next-generation biomedical devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":13903,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","volume":"23 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijac.70282","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149048028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daichi Sakakibara, Anna Gubarevich, Masaki Kotani, Katsumi Yoshida
{"title":"Formation of Boron Nitride Coating on SiC Fibers by Electrophoretic Deposition Method Using Pulsed Direct Current Field","authors":"Daichi Sakakibara, Anna Gubarevich, Masaki Kotani, Katsumi Yoshida","doi":"10.1111/ijac.70279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijac.70279","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To develop a low cost, low environmental, and short-time boron nitride (BN) coating process on SiC fibers for SiC<sub>f</sub>/SiC composites, the authors focused on the pulsed direct current (DC) electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method. First, the effects of DC ON/OFF ratio and migration time on the microstructure of BN deposition on the carbon plate substrates were evaluated, and it was demonstrated that uniform BN deposition was formed under the conditions of DC ON/OFF ratio of 1 ms/10 ms and a migration time of 1 min. BN coating with the thickness of 170, 260, and 360 nm was formed on SiC fibers by both continuous and pulsed DC EPD at applied voltage of 5, 10, and 20 V and migration time of 1 min, respectively. The present study demonstrated that comparable BN coating to the continuous DC EPD was successfully formed under the application of higher voltage in a short time by pulsed DC EPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":13903,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","volume":"23 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijac.70279","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study on the Curing Methods of Thermosetting Polysilazanes","authors":"Guohui Zhu, Tingbang Liu, Mingcun Wang","doi":"10.1111/ijac.70276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijac.70276","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thermosetting PSZ-ICMA (polysilazane functionalized by 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate) was investigated regarding to the different curing methods, that is, hydrogen-transfer addition of HDI (hexamethylene diisocyanate), radical polymerization by TBPB (<i>tert-</i>butyl peroxybenzoate); photopolymerization by ethyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phenylphosphinate; and catalytical polymerization by NiNA (nickel naphthenate). When PSZs are cured by HDI, with the increase of HDI content, the gelation time gradually decreases; the exothermic peaks of DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) exit at 104°C and 192°C; and the weight loss during curing decreases to 27.3%. When PSZ-ICMAs are cured by TBPB, with the increase of ICMA content, the gelation time gradually shortens; the exothermic peak shifts slightly higher; and the weight loss during curing decreases. When PSZ-ICMAs are cured by photopolymerization, with the increase of ICMA content, the exothermic peaks of subsequent thermal cure maintain steadily. When PSZ-ICMAs are cured by NiNA, with the increase of ICMA content, the gelation time shortens remarkably; the exothermic peaks shift to lower positions, whereas the weight loss during curing decreases; with the increase of NiNA content, the gelation time shortens quickly; the exothermic peaks shift to lower temperatures, and the weight loss during curing decreases to 19.9%. All cured polysilazanes are verified to have high ceramic conversion yield.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13903,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","volume":"23 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chang Zou, Weiliang Zhou, Zhiqiang Li, Pu Zheng, Xingzhong Guo
{"title":"Hot Pressing Sintering and Properties of Silicon Carbide/Graphite Composite Ceramics Containing 30 wt% Graphite","authors":"Chang Zou, Weiliang Zhou, Zhiqiang Li, Pu Zheng, Xingzhong Guo","doi":"10.1111/ijac.70275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijac.70275","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Silicon carbide/graphite composite ceramics containing 30 wt% (SiC/C30) and 35 wt% (SiC/C35) graphite were fabricated by hot pressing sintering, and the sintering behavior, microstructure, mechanical properties, and functional properties of the composite ceramics were investigated in detail. The combination of spray-drying granulation and hot pressing sintering synergistically overcomes the densification barrier caused by high graphite content. The external driving force supplied by hot pressing sintering not only promotes densification, but also facilitates the formation of a continuous conductive network even when the carbon content is high. The appropriate sintering conditions with a temperature of 2125°C and a pressure of 40 MPa allow the preparation of SiC/C30 composite ceramics with superior mechanical properties and excellent functional performance with a bulk density of 2.763 g/cm<sup>3</sup>, a bending strength of 318 ± 3.8 MPa, a Vickers hardness of 5.73 ± 0.09 GPa, a fracture toughness (K<sub>IC</sub>) of 2.36 ± 0.023 MPa·m<sup>1/2</sup>, a room-temperature thermal conductivity of 69.92 ± 0.39 W/(m·K), an electrical conductivity of 8.932 ± 0.102 S/m, and coefficient of friction (COF) of 0.172 ± 0.00010.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13903,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","volume":"23 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Debabrata Majumder, Pinaki Pal, Ratnendra Mishra, P. Karuna Purnapu Rupa
{"title":"Thermoresponsive Pluronic F-127 Based Alumina–Graphite Inks for Direct Ink Writing","authors":"Debabrata Majumder, Pinaki Pal, Ratnendra Mishra, P. Karuna Purnapu Rupa","doi":"10.1111/ijac.70283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijac.70283","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alumina inks were prepared with graphite as additive and dispersed in Pluronic-F127 hydrogel. The effect of 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 wt% graphite as an additive on the rheological characteristics of alumina inks was studied for direct ink writing (DIW) applications. Significant effect of graphite addition on the viscosity of alumina inks was observed. The viscosity of the all the inks with graphite as additive was observed to be less than that of alumina ink. The gelation temperature for alumina ink was observed to be at 8°C, whereas for alumina inks with graphite addition the temperature increased from 8°C to 15°C. The yield stress of the inks with graphite addition was observed to be less than that of alumina ink showing that the graphite addition decreases the yield stress of the inks. The hexagonal shells were printed by DIW process. Sintering of the printed components at 1350°C and 1600°C systematically reduced the percentage density from 83% to 69.3% and 92.8% to 85.9% with increasing graphite content, respectively. Graphite addition to alumina inks significantly influences the rheological properties and printability of the inks, along with the density and microstructure of the sintered samples.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13903,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology","volume":"23 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148994016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}