International Journal of Electrochemical Science最新文献

{"title":"Numerical simulation for a suitable electron transport layer of a lead-free CuInSe2 based perovskite solar cell and PV module","authors":"Adnan Javed , Muhammad Farooq Nasir , Sikander Azam , Mohammed A. Amin","doi":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2024.100893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2024.100893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high expense of solar cell manufacture and experimentation has led researchers to use numerical simulation. The advantages of simulation-based optimization include the simplicity of use, low cost, and the ability to forecast the ideal parameters that go into producing a cell with the optimum performance. The efficiency of perovskite materials used in solar systems has increased significantly, and they are virtually ready for commercialization. Academics and the scientific community are now interested in lead-free perovskite materials because of the toxic problem and hazardous nature of lead (Pb)-based perovskite materials. In this research, Pb is replaced by copper indium diselinide (CuInSe<sub>2</sub>). This study simulated, examined, and analyzed the performance of photovoltaic (PV) CuInSe<sub>2</sub>-based TFSCs with three different electron transport layers: indium sulfide (In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>), titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>), and stannic oxide (SnO<sub>2</sub>). SCAPS-1D software was used to model (FTO/TiO<sub>2</sub>/CuInSe<sub>2</sub>/Spiro-OMeTAD/Ni), (FTO/SnO<sub>2</sub>/CuInSe<sub>2</sub>/Spiro-OMeTAD/Ni), and (FTO/In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>/CuInSe<sub>2</sub>/Spiro-OMeTAD/Ni) configurations to determine which one has the highest conversion efficiency. All three electron transport layer (ETL) thicknesses, with absorber and hole-transport (HTL) layer thicknesses, were optimized. Results indicate that, the absorber layer for SnO<sub>2</sub> and In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> layers must be 3.00 µm thick, and for the TiO<sub>2</sub> layer it must be 4.00 µm thick. Efficiency of 26.17 % is revealed with SnO<sub>2</sub>, whereas J<sub>sc</sub>, V<sub>oc</sub>, and FF, are observed as 43.15 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, 0.723 V, and 83.80 %, respectively. While with In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>, efficiency is revealed as 26.15 %, with J<sub>sc</sub>, V<sub>oc</sub>, and FF are observed as 43.17 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, 0.723 V, and 83.68 % respectively. Efficiency of 26.65 % is revealed by TiO<sub>2</sub> with current density (J<sub>sc</sub>), open circuit voltage (V<sub>oc</sub>), and fill factor (FF), which are shown as 43.53 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, 0.728 V, and 83.68 %, respectively which was carefully calculated. The device shows highest performance with TiO<sub>2</sub> ETL. The maximum extent for J<sub>sc</sub>, V<sub>oc</sub>, FF%, and PCE% during optimal investigation is shown by the generation of supplemental electron-hole pairs under standard conditions by altering the thicknesses of the absorber, hole, and electron transport layers. Parasitic resistances effect on the cell performance indicate that solar cells work effectively with low R<sub>s</sub> and high R<sub>sh</sub> values. The temperature effect on solar cells shows that as temperature rises, cell performance declines due to increased reverse saturation current and reduced bandgap. Quantum efficiency analysis of three ETL layers found that TiO<sub>2</sub> and SnO<sub>2</sub","PeriodicalId":13872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrochemical Science","volume":"20 1","pages":"Article 100893"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Electrochemical performance of Mg-Al-Zn and Mg-Al-Zn-Ce alloys as anodes for Mg-air battery” [Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 13 (2018) 11180–11192]","authors":"Hualong Zhu , Hui Liu , Hongjie Fang , Yilong Dai , Li Li , Xiangchun Xu , Yang Yan , Kun Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2024.100888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2024.100888","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrochemical Science","volume":"20 1","pages":"Article 100888"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143133050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing PEMFC performance through dome-like variable cross-section channels: A study on mass transfer and power density optimization","authors":"Keke Liu ,&nbsp;Yongfeng Liu ,&nbsp;Qiwo Han ,&nbsp;Pucheng Pei ,&nbsp;Lu Zhang ,&nbsp;Hua Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2024.100920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2024.100920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The structural optimization of channel embedded in bipolar plate is of great significance for improving the mass transfer and power density of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). In this paper, inspired by the dome-like architecture, a novel variable cross-section channel (CN-17) combining protrusions and conventional parallel channel (CPC) is proposed to enhance the performance of PEMFC. By changing the number of branch channels, a series of novel channels (DVCCs) are also designed, and the detailed performance study is conducted by a three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics model verified by the experiment data. Python code is used for calculating the rib area ratio and conducting statistical analysis of current density. It is found that CN-17 demonstrates an 8.31 % increase in maximum current density and a 7.36 % increase in maximum power density compared to CPC. It is also found that DVCCs accelerate the flow of reactive gas, promote the oxygen to enter the catalyst layer (CL), and uniform distribution of oxygen and current density at the GDL/CL interface. Furthermore, as the number of branch channels increases, the performance of PEMFC improves. The DVCC with 19 branch channels (CN-19) exhibits the best performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrochemical Science","volume":"20 1","pages":"Article 100920"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sweet Orange Peel Extract as green sustainable corrosion inhibitor for Al in 1 M HCl","authors":"Mohamed E. Eissa ,&nbsp;Safaa H. Etaiw ,&nbsp;Eslam S. El-Hussieny ,&nbsp;Ahmed A. El‑Hossiany ,&nbsp;Abd El-Aziz S. Fouda","doi":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2024.100882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2024.100882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a one-molar hydrochloric acid solution, the potential of <em>Sweet Orange Peel Extract</em> (SOPE) as an inexpensive, efficient corrosion inhibitor for Al is explored. “Mass loss (ML), electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM)”, potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), “electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)”, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques were used to study this. The findings show that when extract concentrations were raised the inhibitory efficiency (IE) of SOPE increased. On the other hand, the IE of SOPE decreased when raised the temperature of the system. A maximum inhibition efficiency of approximately 92.53 % was achieved for Al in 300 ppm HCl solution. The adsorption of SOPE onto the Al surface followed Langmuir adsorption kinetics, suggesting a mixed physical adsorption mechanism. The negative value of the free energy of adsorption, less than −20 kJ mol⁻¹, indicated the physical nature of the adsorption process. This study presents a powerful and environmentally friendly method to reduce electrochemical corrosion by utilizing a new, efficient inhibitor. Surface morphology was disclosed by various techniques both with and without SOPE. The outcomes obtained using all techniques are in good agreement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrochemical Science","volume":"20 1","pages":"Article 100882"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An investigation of benzothiazole ionic compound as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in acidic media using electrochemical research, surface techniques, DFT, and MD simulation studies","authors":"A. Barrahi ,&nbsp;M.E.M. Mekhzoum ,&nbsp;Abhinay Thakur ,&nbsp;A.E. Kacem Qaiss ,&nbsp;G. Kaichouh ,&nbsp;M. El Faydy ,&nbsp;F. Benhiba ,&nbsp;B. Dikici ,&nbsp;R. Bouhfid ,&nbsp;Hatem A. Abuelizz ,&nbsp;I. Warad ,&nbsp;A. Zarrouk","doi":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2024.100917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2024.100917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A benzothiazole-based compound, namely (<em>E</em>)-3-ethyl-2-(2-fluorostyryl)benzo[<em>d</em>]thiazol-3-ium iodide, was investigated as a corrosion inhibitor of carbon steel in an acidic solution. Electrochemical studies, atomic force microscopy (AFM), UV–visible spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX) were used to investigate the surface shape and composition of the BTFI film. In addition, molecular dynamics simulation (MD) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to predict the adsorption structures of the molecules on the steel surfaces. The results show that the inhibition performance (η%) increases with increasing concentration of BTFI, reaching a maximum value of 97.9 % at a concentration of 10⁻³ M. Furthermore, the results of the potentiodynamic polarization test showed that BTFI had an effect on both cathodic and anodic processes. According to the Langmuir model, the inhibitors formed protective layers by adsorption on the metal surface. In addition, surface studies showed that the BTFI-protected HCl medium could reduce roughness and prevent surface damage. The electrical and adsorption properties of the benzothiazole derivative were described by DFT calculations and MD simulations. The experimental results were validated by the recordings of both methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrochemical Science","volume":"20 1","pages":"Article 100917"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical behaviour of amodiaquine detection using boron doped diamond electrodes","authors":"Muhammad Raihan Ramadhan ,&nbsp;Keysi Devain Destiny ,&nbsp;Meutya Dwi Leoriza ,&nbsp;Nessa Sabriena ,&nbsp;Fredy Kurniawan ,&nbsp;Andi Idhil Ismail ,&nbsp;Murni Handayani ,&nbsp;Genki Ogata ,&nbsp;Yasuaki Einaga ,&nbsp;Yunita Triana","doi":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2024.100913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2024.100913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we propose a simple and low-cost procedure by using boron-doped diamond (BDD) as a working electrode to detect amodiaquine (AQ) in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) and potassium perchlorate (KClO₄) electrolytes. We used cyclic voltammetry (CV) and different pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques. By using DPV, oxidation of AQ in PBS and KClO4 was observed at + 0.28 V and + 0.4 V (<em>vs.</em> Ag/AgCl), respectively. To investigate the redox reaction mechanism, the pH and scan rate were varied. A linear calibration curve was observed in the concentration range of 0.0645 – 0.3 µM with a detection limit of 1.47 × 10⁻³ µM (S/N = 3) for PBS and 4.81 × 10⁻³ µM (S/N = 3) for KClO₄. This result confirms that BDD electrodes could potentially be used to detect AQ.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrochemical Science","volume":"20 1","pages":"Article 100913"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic Fe3O4/GO nanocomposite-modified graphite-epoxy composite electrode for high-performance glucose sensing","authors":"Wi Song Pak,&nbsp;Kye Hak Ko,&nbsp;Jin Hyok Ri,&nbsp;Jin Hyok Ro","doi":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2024.100918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2024.100918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An electrochemical sensing platform for glucose sensing was prepared by magnetic loading of Fe₃O₄/GO nanocomposites on graphite-epoxy composite electrode(GECE). The Fe₃O₄/GO nanocomposites were prepared by first preparing GO and then modifying it by co-precipitation of Fe^2 + and Fe³⁺. Since the Fe₃O₄/GO nanocomposites have a magnetic property, they were effectively separated using a magnet and loaded on a graphite-epoxy composite electrode(GECE). The Fe₃O₄/GO/GECE modified electrode was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis(XRD) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The fabricated biosensor exhibited an excellent electrocatalytic activity. The linear range for glucose is from 0.5 to 6.5 mM with the detection limit of 268.5 <em>µ</em>M (S/N = 3) and the sensitivity of 63.5 mA/mM. The effects of interfering substances such as ascorbic acid (AA), uric acid (UA) and dopamine (DA) were also investigated in details. The results confirmed that these interfering substances did not significantly affect the determination of glucose.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrochemical Science","volume":"20 1","pages":"Article 100918"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143133027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of temperature on the electrochemical corrosion behavior of X52 pipeline steel in NS4 simulated solution","authors":"Lei Liu ,&nbsp;Xinyu Shan ,&nbsp;Fengdong Bi ,&nbsp;Chao Sun ,&nbsp;Minhui Wang ,&nbsp;Xubo Tan ,&nbsp;Guoqi Ren ,&nbsp;Yuna Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2024.100883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2024.100883","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the electrochemical corrosion performance of both the base material and welded joint of X52 pipeline steel was analyzed at various temperatures (room temperature-RT, 30 °C, 50 °C, and 80 °C) using microscopic characterization techniques and electrochemical methods in a simulated soil solution (NS4). Additionally, the influence of temperatures on the electrochemical corrosion behavior of the X52 pipeline steel base material and welded joint was examined. The findings indicate that the open circuit potential (<em>E</em>_ocp) of the base material and welded joint shifts in the negative direction with increasing temperature. The corrosion current density increased from 30.7 to 110.2 μA∕cm² and from 19.5 to 100.2 μA∕cm², respectively, while the polarization resistance dropped from 637.3 to 272.6 Ω•cm² and from 961.3 to 360.7 Ω•cm². Notably, anodic dissolution controls the corrosion process of the base material and welded joint of X52 pipeline steel at room temperature. Furthermore, the charge transfer resistance (<em>R</em>_t) of the base material and welded joint gradually decreases with increasing temperature, and the corrosion process transforms into cathodic diffusion control. Additionally, the welded joint of X52 pipeline steel exhibits superior corrosion resistance to that of the base material at the same temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrochemical Science","volume":"20 1","pages":"Article 100883"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A balancing system for liquid metal batteries using the Floyd-Warshall algorithm","authors":"Lei Fan ,&nbsp;E. Zhang ,&nbsp;Tianqiang Yang ,&nbsp;Haomiao Li ,&nbsp;Bo Li ,&nbsp;Kangli Wang ,&nbsp;Kai Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2024.100915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2024.100915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liquid metal battery(LMB) based on liquid metal electrodes and inorganic molten salt electrolyte has the advantages of low-cost, long-lifespan and high-safety, and has great application prospect in the field of large-scale power storage. The state of charge (SOC) balancing plays a vital role in ensuring efficient operation of the battery system. However, developing a balancing scheme for LMBs remains a significant challenge due to the relatively low and flat open-circuit-voltage versus SOC curve of LMBs. In this paper, a two-level bidirectional balancing architecture is implemented for series-connected LMBs to provide flexible energy transfer pathways. And the switches on the circuit are controlled by synchronous rectification to reduce the voltage drop across the circuit caused by the switches, which is particularly important for LMBs. In order to overcome the “energy transfer back and forth” problem, the Floyd-Warshall algorithm is proposed to optimize balancing pathways for series-connected LMBs. In the 16-series LMBs simulation, the result indicates that the energy transferring pathway can be effectively optimized, the equalization time of the proposed balancing methodology is 195 s and 200 s in the static and dynamic state, respectively. Compared to the most value equalization algorithm, this proposed scheme can equalize the SOC values of LMB strings efficiently with a faster speed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrochemical Science","volume":"20 1","pages":"Article 100915"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrosion inhibition effect of Schiff base and its metal complexes with [Mn (II) and Cu (II)] on carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution: Experimental and surface studies","authors":"Hanan F. Emrayed ,&nbsp;Enas A. Amraga ,&nbsp;Dalal M. Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Abd El-Aziz S. Fouda","doi":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2024.100912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijoes.2024.100912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research explored the synthesis of a Schiff base and its metal complexes Mn (II) and Cu (II). The corrosion inhibition efficiency (% IE) of these compounds on carbon steel (CS) in 1 M HCl was studied at temperatures ranging from 25 to 55 °C by weight loss (WL) method. The inhibition effect was also studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP). Electrochemical testing results show that these compounds are particularly powerful inhibitors, which L-Cu provides a considerable inhibition (% IE) of 90.9 % at 9 × 10⁻⁶ M at 298 K. The results also demonstrate that the % IE of the three inhibitors increased with increasing inhibitor concentration, revealing that these compounds adsorb significantly to the steel surface. On the other hand, % IE decreased with raising temperature. The polarization curves indicated that Schiff base and its metal complexes acts as a mixed-type inhibitors. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm model accurately describes the adsorption of the investigated compounds. The high binding constant of Schiff base and its metal complexes showed a stronger interaction between the metal surface and the complex. The obtained data revealed that these compounds had remarkable inhibiting effects on the corrosion of steel in 1 M HCl. The thermodynamic activation and adsorption parameters were calculated. The data explained that the inhibition takes place through the physical adsorption. The surface morphology was characterized using a multi-technique. These analyses indicated that these compounds adsorbed onto the surface of CS by forming a barrier between the inhibitors and the vacant d-orbital of iron. The results obtained from both experimental and surface analysis methods were found to be in good agreement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13872,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrochemical Science","volume":"20 1","pages":"Article 100912"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}