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Clinical case of acute hepatitis in a patient with ascariasis 蛔虫病患者急性肝炎的临床病例
Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine) Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.33920/med-10-2401-07
I. I. Kovalev
{"title":"Clinical case of acute hepatitis in a patient with ascariasis","authors":"I. I. Kovalev","doi":"10.33920/med-10-2401-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2401-07","url":null,"abstract":"Helminthiases are fairly widespread human parasitic diseases caused by various lower worms - helminths. In the Russian Federation, more than 4.5 million cases of helminthiasis were registered in 2016. According to the WHO Expert Committee, ascariasis affects about 900 million people in the world every year, most of whom are children of preschool and school age. In the Russian Federation, 24,115 cases of ascariasis were registered in 2015. The true prevalence of helminthiasis is much higher. In recent decades, there has been an increase in and manifestation of new helminth infestations as a result of changes in economic and socio-economic conditions, increased migration, and the introduction of helminths, common in countries with tropical and subtropical climates, to Russia. The possibility of a patient having one or another type of helminthiasis is practically not taken into account in clinical practice, which leads to incorrect diagnosis, the development of complications of the disease, and its transition to a chronic form. As a rule, helminthiases are relatively asymptomatic, but in some cases their local manifestations come to the fore clinically and the disease occurs under the guise of infectious and non-infectious diseases.","PeriodicalId":138653,"journal":{"name":"Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine)","volume":"56 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140507053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Amyloidosis and the heart 淀粉样变性与心脏
Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine) Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.33920/med-10-2401-01
Martha Grogan
{"title":"Amyloidosis and the heart","authors":"Martha Grogan","doi":"10.33920/med-10-2401-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2401-01","url":null,"abstract":"Amyloidosis is a group of infiltrative diseases based on abnormal fibrillogenesis, i.e. the ability of some proteins - amyloid precursors, under certain conditions, to form insoluble thread-like structures - fibrils. Modern classifications of amyloidosis are based on the principle of specificity of the main fibrillogen protein - the amyloid precursor. Systemic forms of amyloidosis mainly include diseases involving blood plasma proteins. Certain types of amyloidosis tend to affect certain target organs. The prognosis of the disease largely depends on which organ is most severely affected. In systemic senile amyloidosis, the cardiovascular system is predominantly affected. Serum amyloid A (AA type) is an acute-phase protein synthesized in the liver. The cardiovascular system is affected relatively rarely in systemic AA amyloidosis, in approximately 0.1-10% of cases.","PeriodicalId":138653,"journal":{"name":"Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine)","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140507950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Current narratives of regional historical demography 当前对地区历史人口统计的叙述
Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine) Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.33920/med-10-2401-08
L. Kaspruk
{"title":"Current narratives of regional historical demography","authors":"L. Kaspruk","doi":"10.33920/med-10-2401-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2401-08","url":null,"abstract":"Among the main tasks at the turn of the 20th-21st centuries, the most significant ones were to increase the life expectancy and quality of life of the population, improve their health, reduce mortality, and restore the population by increasing the birth rate, which is firmly intertwined with the factors of the socio-economic vector of social development. The demographic situation in the Orenburg Region, which developed in the nineties of the 20th century, was characterized by negative processes caused by a simultaneous reduction in the birth rate and an increase in mortality, characteristic of Russia as a whole. Considering that retrospectiveness in demography is relevant, the transformation of previous interim materials in order to implement the dynamics of processes in the examination, the “experience of historical demography”, including regional experience, should be clearly studied.","PeriodicalId":138653,"journal":{"name":"Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine)","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140507746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hypokalemia 低钾血症
Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.33920/med-10-2312-04
P. S. Bellman
{"title":"Hypokalemia","authors":"P. S. Bellman","doi":"10.33920/med-10-2312-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2312-04","url":null,"abstract":"Low concentration of potassium in the blood serum, apparently, is the most common electrolyte imbalance in clinical practice. If hypokalemia is understood as a condition in which the potassium content in the blood is below 3.6 mmol/l, then the violation is detected in more than 20% of hospitalized patients. In most of these patients, the concentration of potassium in the blood serum is in the range of 3.0–3.5 mmol/l, but approximately 25% of them have this value below 3.0 mmol/l. There are no comparable data for outpatient patients, although a low concentration of potassium in the blood serum is determined in 10-40% of patients taking thiazide diuretics. People who are otherwise healthy usually tolerate hypokalemia well, but with a pronounced degree it can be life-threatening. Even mild or moderate hypokalemia increases the risk of morbidity and mortality in patients with cardiovascular diseases. In this regard, when hyperkalemia is detected, its cause should be determined and treatment should be carried out to eliminate it.","PeriodicalId":138653,"journal":{"name":"Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine)","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139208118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Issue of alcoholism of the population in the work of a general practitioner 全科医生工作中的人口酗酒问题
Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.33920/med-10-2312-01
S. Kuzmin, L. Grigorieva
{"title":"Issue of alcoholism of the population in the work of a general practitioner","authors":"S. Kuzmin, L. Grigorieva","doi":"10.33920/med-10-2312-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2312-01","url":null,"abstract":"Alcoholism is the major medical and social problem all over the world, including in Russia. Alcohol abuse leads to severe poisoning of the human body and provokes the development of irreversible consequences in it. Alcohol negatively affects people's health, causing illness and premature mortality of working-age citizens, leading to large losses in production, as well as huge costs for medical care. According to statistics, in the Russian Federation there are more than 5 million alcohol-dependent people, which is 3.4 % of the population, while barely half are registered. In general, it is very difficult to quantify the scale of the problem of alcohol consumption, as the majority of the rural population consumes homemade products. If we also take into account the illegal alcohol trade, the actual volume of alcohol will significantly increase. When analyzing data on the amount of alcohol consumed by the population of our country, it can be concluded that in the period from 2010 to 2012, there was a slight increase in the consumption of alcoholic beverages, then from 2012 to 2018 there was a gradual decrease in the alcohol consumption, and in 2019 there was a sharp jump in the amount of alcohol consumption by the population by 46.7 %, and this indicator has maintained its value for almost all recent 4 years, i.e. from 2019 to 2022. In general, there were no significant changes in the indicators from 2010 to 2022. Analysis of the causes and clinical manifestations of alcoholism allow creating measures to prevent this disease and influence the medical and social aspects of the population’s health and quality of life. The results of the study can be used by general practitioners in their professional activities.","PeriodicalId":138653,"journal":{"name":"Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine)","volume":"159 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139204079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hyperkinetic disorder in children: principles of diagnosis and therapy 儿童过度运动障碍：诊断和治疗原则
Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.33920/med-10-2312-02
I. A. Maksimochkina
{"title":"Hyperkinetic disorder in children: principles of diagnosis and therapy","authors":"I. A. Maksimochkina","doi":"10.33920/med-10-2312-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2312-02","url":null,"abstract":"This pathology includes disorders of neuropsychological development, the leading clinical sign of which is constant persistent patterns (models) of behavior with impaired attention and/or increased motor activity and impulsivity, leading to maladjustment in several areas of the child’s social functioning. Attention disorders manifest themselves in the form of the following behavioral patterns: distractibility with disorganization of behavior and problems with stable focus on a task, which are not associated with a decrease in intelligence and lack of understanding of the proposed tasks. Hyperactivity is understood as excessive motor activity, fussiness, restlessness, or verbosity that is not adequate to accepted norms. Impulsive behavior involves quick, hasty, thoughtless, hurried actions that carry a high risk of serious harm and injury. Due to the great heterogeneity in the severity of clinical manifestations, this pathology tends to be diagnosed late, often with the start of schooling.","PeriodicalId":138653,"journal":{"name":"Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine)","volume":"135 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139205923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Peptic ulcer 消化性溃疡
Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.33920/med-10-2312-07
M. V. Pilipenko
{"title":"Peptic ulcer","authors":"M. V. Pilipenko","doi":"10.33920/med-10-2312-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2312-07","url":null,"abstract":"Peptic ulcer is a chronic relapsing disease that occurs with alternating periods of exacerbation and remission, the leading manifestation of which is the formation of a defect (ulcer) in the wall of the stomach and duodenum. It has been shown that 11-14% of men and 8-11% of women may develop peptic ulcer disease during their lifetime. Peptic ulcer localized in the duodenum occurs 4 times more frequently than peptic ulcer in the stomach. Among patients with duodenal ulcers, men predominate over women, while among patients with gastric ulcers, the ratio of men and women is approximately the same","PeriodicalId":138653,"journal":{"name":"Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine)","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139199350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Use of antibiotics for prophylaxis in clinical practice 在临床实践中使用抗生素进行预防
Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.33920/med-10-2312-03
Y. I. Korobkо
{"title":"Use of antibiotics for prophylaxis in clinical practice","authors":"Y. I. Korobkо","doi":"10.33920/med-10-2312-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2312-03","url":null,"abstract":"Drug and non-drug prevention of internal organs diseases is an integral part of clinical medicine. However, the question of whether antibiotics can be used for prophylaxis, and if so, when and for how long, remains a subject of lively debate.","PeriodicalId":138653,"journal":{"name":"Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine)","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139201232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A case of visceral leishmaniasis 一个内脏利什曼病病例
Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.33920/med-10-2312-06
M. S. Safeulin
{"title":"A case of visceral leishmaniasis","authors":"M. S. Safeulin","doi":"10.33920/med-10-2312-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2312-06","url":null,"abstract":"Leishmaniasis is caused by a protozoa parasite, one of more than 20 Leishmania species, transmitted to humans by the bite of infected female phlebotomine sandflies. More than 90 species of mosquitoes have been identified as carriers of the Leishmania parasite. There are 3 main types of the disease: visceral (often called kala-azar, the most severe form of the disease), cutaneous (the most common), and mucocutaneous. Leishmaniasis is caused by the protozoa parasite Leishmania, which is transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes. The disease affects the world's poorest people and is associated with malnutrition, displacement, poor housing conditions, weak immune systems, and lack of resources. Leishmaniasis is related to environmental changes such as deforestation, construction of dams and irrigation systems, and urbanization. An estimated 700,000 to 1 million new infections and 20,000 to 30,000 deaths occur each year. Only a small proportion of people infected with Leishmania parasites will eventually develop the disease.","PeriodicalId":138653,"journal":{"name":"Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139199015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
January 26 — International Let’s Talk Day 1 月 26 日--国际谈话日
Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.33920/med-10-2312-08
O. Rybachok
{"title":"January 26 — International Let’s Talk Day","authors":"O. Rybachok","doi":"10.33920/med-10-2312-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2312-08","url":null,"abstract":"January marks the beginning of a new year and the middle of winter, therefore the holidays in this month are celebrated accordingly: for example, in Canada and the USA on January 1 people celebrate Polar Bear Plunge Day with the organization of traditional swims in icy water, but on January 5 it is proposed to celebrate Fasting Day, obviously with the purpose of saving the body tired from festive feasts. On January 14, in some countries it is customary to celebrate an unusual day — Fight Procrastination Day, which in psychology means «constantly putting things off until later». Some experts have already dubbed this fairly common feature a «disease of the 21st century». January 16 is World Snow Day, and January 21 is International Hugging Day. In addition, on the last Wednesday of January, caring people proposed establishing Let’s Talk Day, dedicated to the issue of the difficult relationship between healthy people and patients with mental disabilities; Canada initiated the celebration of this day. Experts suggest that ordinary people protect themselves from mental illness by leading an active lifestyle, but does this always help? Let's try to figure this out in our ar ticle.","PeriodicalId":138653,"journal":{"name":"Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine)","volume":"172 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139203039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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