Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine)最新文献

{"title":"Algorithms and general principles of initiation and intensification of hypoglycemic therapy","authors":"M. L. Maksimov, I.M. Filimonova, A. A. Shikaleva, Yu.A. Knni, R. A. Bontsevich","doi":"10.33920/med-10-2402-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2402-03","url":null,"abstract":"The authors reviewed the main approaches to the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 1 (including insulin therapy, glycemia self-monitoring, and education in the principles of disease management) and type 2 (nutrition, physical activity, glucose-lowering drugs, glycemia self-monitoring, education in the principles of disease management, and surgical treatment for morbid obesity), as well as gestational diabetes mellitus. The general principles of initiation and intensification of hypoglycemic therapy are considered.","PeriodicalId":138653,"journal":{"name":"Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine)","volume":"21 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140239451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults in the Novosibirsk Region","authors":"K. A. Cheremisina, O. S. Trunina, A. V. Baraboshkina, E. F. Agletdinov","doi":"10.33920/med-10-2402-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2402-02","url":null,"abstract":"The authors conducted a study of the prevalence of overweight and obesity among the adult population of the Novosibirsk Region of different age groups and among men and women, as well as assessed the lipid profile of each group in order to study the degree of the problem associated with excess weight in different age groups of the population. The need to systematize existing approaches to the prevention of obesity to level out the impact of conditions associated with it on health is emphasized.","PeriodicalId":138653,"journal":{"name":"Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine)","volume":"19 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140239191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of campylobacteriosis in the Arkhangelsk Region","authors":"M. A. Pozdeeva, V. M. Agafonov, I. A. Burmagina, A. V. Komelkova, A. D. Armeev","doi":"10.33920/med-10-2402-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2402-01","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the incidence of campylobacteriosis in Russia has decreased significantly, but the Arkhangelsk Region is an area where the incidence of campylobacteriosis among all acute intestinal infections is increasing. According to the WHO, campylobacters make up 15 % of the etiological structure of diarrheal diseases in humans, which determines the epidemiological significance of this infection and reflects the urgency of the problem.","PeriodicalId":138653,"journal":{"name":"Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine)","volume":"21 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140239029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NSAID-induced gastropathy in a comorbid patient in a multidisciplinary hospital","authors":"D. D. Starikova, Yu. V. Sedyakina, M. Shamuilova, G. D. Sarvanets, A. M. Artamkina","doi":"10.33920/med-10-2402-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2402-05","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this case report is to demonstrate the importance of outpatient management of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in patients, especially those at risk (elderly patients, alcohol abusers, patients with a history of peptic ulcer disease, patients taking glucocorticoids or anticoagulants) to avoid life-threatening complications. The following clinical case shows the association between gastric and duodenal mucosal barrier disruption and the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Methods: a complete blood count, blood biochemistry test, ultrasound, and abdominal radiography. Results. The clinical case describes a patient with coronary heart disease, ischemic cardiomyopathy, hypertension, permanent atrial fibrillation, impaired glucose tolerance, obesity, and a long history of smoking who had been taking 1–2 tablets of Nimesulide per day for a long time without doctor’s prescription; the intake of NSAIDs was not controlled on an outpatient basis. The reason for hospitalization was sharp pain in the epigastrium; the plain abdominal radiography in the emergency room revealed free gas below both domes of the diaphragm, and ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity showed a level of inhomogeneous free fluid detected in all sloping areas and pneumatosis intestinalis. In this regard, the patient was urgently hospitalized to the department of surgery, where surgical intervention was performed, including upper-middle laparotomy, abdominoscopy, suture repair of the perforated gastric ulcer, and sanitation and drainage of the abdominal cavity. Conclusion. This clinical case draws attention to the problem of NSAID gastropathy in clinical practice. The task of a clinician is to prevent the development of NSAID-induced gastropathy, identify patients with risk factors for NSAID gastropathy at the earliest possible time, and carry out preventive and therapeutic measures. Patient management at the outpatient stage according to the clinical recommendations could have prevented the development of gastrointestinal bleeding associated with NSAID gastropathy.","PeriodicalId":138653,"journal":{"name":"Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine)","volume":"69 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140239832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basic principles of infusion therapy","authors":"M. L. Maksimov, A. Z. Nigmedzyanova, A. A. Zvegintseva, K. S. Georgieva","doi":"10.33920/med-10-2402-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2402-04","url":null,"abstract":"Infusion therapy (IT) is an essential tool for influencing homeostasis and an integral part of the complex treatment of urgent conditions and chronic diseases accompanied by fluid and electrolyte balance disorders. To this day the features of infusion therapy remain one of the most controversial and poorly studied topics, despite the centuries-old use of this method of treatment. Rational use of IT requires a clear understanding of the pathophysiological changes occurring in the patient’s body during acute and chronic pathology. Its main tasks are the elimination of volemic disorders, replenishment of circulating blood volume, restoration of microcirculation, as well as detoxification and elimination of hemocoagulation disorders. IT acquires particular importance as parenteral nutrition, with limited or excluded possibility of the enteral route of absorption of water, nutrients, and drugs. In the work, the authors focused on clinical and laboratory diagnostics and possible options for correcting acid-base, energy, fluid, and electrolyte disorders. The sequence of actions when prescribing IT is presented in detail; the criteria for calculating the volume of therapy and the initial selection of colloids or crystalloids for a specific clinical situation are considered.","PeriodicalId":138653,"journal":{"name":"Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine)","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140239074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Algorithm for conducting practical training in providing first aid to victims in emergency situations","authors":"S. Kuzmin, L. Grigorieva","doi":"10.33920/med-10-2401-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2401-03","url":null,"abstract":"At the training center site in the Orenburg Region, the classes with citizens who arrived for recruiting a military unit for territorial defense were held. The classes were organized to acquire knowledge on providing first aid to victims in various emergency situations. During the classes, practical skills in providing first aid in the red, yellow, and green danger zones were developed. The citizens were shown various techniques for evacuating victims to a safe zone. During the practical classes, individual first aid kits – IFAK-3S, martial cloaks, carrying slings, and materials on hand were used. All participants in the training were instructed the rules of applying a tourniquet for external bleeding, methods of immobilizing injured limbs, carrying out anti-shock measures, applying bandages to wounds, and the procedure for evacuating victims to a safe zone on site. The knowledge gained will be the key to the life safety of affected citizens in the emergency zone.","PeriodicalId":138653,"journal":{"name":"Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine)","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140506917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"February 9 — Dentist Day in Russia","authors":"O. Rybachok","doi":"10.33920/med-10-2401-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2401-09","url":null,"abstract":"“A man is what he eats,” these words belong to the great Pythagoras. By these words he meant the connection between the origin of the eaten food and the spiritual development of an individual. In fact, a lot depends on the nature of nutrition, the quality of food supplied to the body and, of course, on the degree to which the body digests it. The digestion process does not begin in the stomach, but directly in the oral cavity as a result of mechanical processing of foods by the teeth and under the influence of the secretion of the salivary glands. That is why healthy teeth are the key to the normal functioning of the entire body. People should begin to take care of the condition of their teeth from early childhood, and not everyone’s favorite and often carelessly avoided dentists are called upon to help keep teeth in a healthy state.","PeriodicalId":138653,"journal":{"name":"Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine)","volume":"2 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140508535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal changes in melatonin in peptic ulcer disease","authors":"E. Esedov, L. N. Musaeva, A. S. Abasova","doi":"10.33920/med-10-2401-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2401-05","url":null,"abstract":"Melatonin is the main neuroendocrine hormone of the pineal gland. A distinctive feature of melatonin indole is its ability to regulate physiological processes related to the circadian rhythm. Numerous scientific data demonstrate the importance of melatonin in the development of organic and functional pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), due to the close relationship between the hormone and intestinal structures. The paper presents the results of our study and shows dynamic variations in seasonal gradations of melatonin levels in patients with gastric and duodenal ulcers. The studies have shown that in patients with gastric and duodenal ulcers, the level of the hormone melatonin varied depending on the season. During the period of long daylight hours (spring and summer), the content of indole in the blood was ≥1 pg/ml, while during the period of minimal daylight (autumn and winter), the content of melatonin was ≤1 pg/ml. Therefore, if the melatonin level is less than 1 pg/ ml in spring and summer, and more than 1 pg/ml in autumn and winter, it can be concluded that an individual does not have peptic ulcer disease. Thus, the melatonin shift in the blood at different time limits relative to light illumination can be used as a laboratory biomarker of desynchronosis associated with the risk of developing acid-related diseases, in particular seasonal exacerbation of gastric and duodenal ulcers. Accordingly, revealing the causes and mechanism of development of seasonal exacerbation of peptic ulcer disease can help in early prediction and prevention of this nosology.","PeriodicalId":138653,"journal":{"name":"Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine)","volume":"36 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140507113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of mechanisms for introducing telemedicine technologies into medical practice for the prevention and control of cancer in the Republic of Dagestan","authors":"K. N. Abdurazakova, M. G. Magomedov, A. M. Abakarova, I. I. Idrisova","doi":"10.33920/med-10-2401-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2401-04","url":null,"abstract":"Oncological pathologies currently rank second in incidence after cardiovascular diseases. It is known that the overall mortality rate in industrialized countries is decreasing due to an increase in the quality of life of the population and an improvement in the quality of cancer care provided in general. However, despite a detailed immersion in the issues of the pathogenesis of oncology, this problem remains relevant. Interestingly, less than a hundred years ago this issue was not so common. Experts from IARC (the International Agency for Research on Cancer) have concluded that the development of various types and forms of cancer is in direct correlation with certain teratogenic factors and the quality of lifestyle, which indicate the degree of economic development. Thus, according to the new GLOBOCAN statistics on morbidity and mortality, the overall cancer incidence is 2–3 times higher in countries with transition economies compared to countries with market economies. The global burden of cancer is expected to be 28.4 million cases in 2040, a 47 % increase from 2020 due to demographic changes, although this may be further exacerbated by growing risk factors associated with globalization. In this context, efforts to create a sustainable infrastructure for the dissemination of information about cancer prevention and cancer care in selected administrative units of all countries are critical to the global fight against cancer as a whole. One of the tools for current solution of this problem is telemedicine.","PeriodicalId":138653,"journal":{"name":"Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine)","volume":"43 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140506722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern mucolytics in the treatment of ARVI and influenza","authors":"V. V. Skvortsov, I. V. Rodionova, D. O. Shevtsov, S. M. Avvakumova, K. Durnoglazova","doi":"10.33920/med-10-2401-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2401-06","url":null,"abstract":"Respiratory diseases are one of the most common illnesses among children and adults. According to the World Health Organization, influenza and acute respiratory viral infections affect from 27.3 to 41.2 million people in the Russian Federation, and worldwide this number reaches billions of cases, of which 3-5 million are severe. In Russia, the childhood morbidity rate is 20-30%. The need for proper treatment of respiratory diseases is due to the high likelihood of complications that can have serious consequences. This article describes the basic principles for general practitioners and pulmonologists dealing with this disease. Organisms and tissues related to the respiratory system provide oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide from the body. This system includes the upper and lower tracts of the respiratory system, as well as paired organs - the lungs. The upper tract includes the nasal cavity and nasopharynx, while the lower tract consists of the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. The scientific discipline that studies diseases of the respiratory system is called pulmonology. Pulmonologists specialize in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of pathologies of the lungs and bronchi. Diseases of this system are often severe, require long-term treatment, and can lead to negative consequences. To avoid a reduction in quality of life and life expectancy, it is essential to start timely treatment.","PeriodicalId":138653,"journal":{"name":"Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine)","volume":"7 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140507143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}