International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS最新文献

{"title":"Association of Serum Gamma Glutamyl Transferase with the Parameters of Metabolic Syndrome","authors":"S. Khatiwada, Bimal Chaulaigai, S. Kunwar","doi":"10.59566/ijbs.2021.17001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2021.17001","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between serum GGT (gamma glutamyl transferase) level and the components of metabolic syndrome in Nepalese metabolic syndrome patients. Methods: Anthropometric data and blood pressure was recorded for 100 metabolic syndrome patients. The height, weight, and waist circumference were recorded, and fasting blood samples were analysed for blood glucose, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and GGT level. Results: Waist circumference, systolic BP, diastolic BP, blood glucose, triglyceride, and HDL cholesterol were 102.17 ± 8.12 Cm, 130.16 ± 14.70 mmHg, 84.45 ± 11.48 mmHg, 128.2 ± 50.4 mg/dL, 205.6 ± 101.4 mg/dL and 53.9 ± 15.9 mg/dL respectively. The median (with IQR) serum GGT level was 41.5 IU/L (21.2, 71.7). GGT level showed significant positive correlation with diastolic BP (r=0.311, p=0.002) and negative with HDL cholesterol (r=-0.359, p<0.001). Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome patients have serum GGT level in the upper normal range, it correlates with some components of metabolic syndrome.","PeriodicalId":13852,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84629933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Combination Therapy in Relapsed Ewing’s Sarcoma","authors":"John Thomas Palathingal, Ghanbar Mahmoodi Chalbatani, A. K. Rajan, Christina Daniel, Dan Monsy","doi":"10.59566/ijbs.2019.15112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2019.15112","url":null,"abstract":"Ewing's Sarcoma has increased chances of relapsing and metastases with deposits of lesions in other bones and organs. Its peak occurrence is between the age group of 10 to 20 years affecting the elderly too. We present a case on Relapsing of Ewing's Sarcoma in the right finger and metastases to the left knee joint. The PET CT initially revealed a small metabolically active lesion in the lateral aspect of the base of the right ring finger. With recurrence of chief complaint, PET CT image, MRI scan, and other confirmative procedures he was confirmed with RES. He was followed by a chemotherapy protocol of VAC/IE in 17 cycles, radiation therapy and additional therapy. Our patient showed improvement in his side effects with immunotherapy for his hair loss. He did not undergo any surgical procedures. Appropriate patient counselling and discharge medications with time to time reviewing were carried out in the patient. This case elaborates the benefits of combination therapy in an RES when compared to chemotherapy alone.","PeriodicalId":13852,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80517826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communication Disorders among Children in a Developing Country, Nigeria","authors":"W. Adegbiji, G. Olajide, Olawale Olubi O, Ahmed Ali, A. Adeniyi","doi":"10.59566/ijbs.2019.15098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2019.15098","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Communication disorders in children are an invisible disability posing challenges to otorhinolaryngologist in developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, sociodemographic features, aetiology, types of communication disorders among under 18 years children attending our facility. Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in ear, nose and throat department in a Nigerian university teaching hospital, from June 2014 to May 2019. Data were obtained by using pretested interviewers assisted questionnaires from consented patients and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: Prevalence of communication disorder was 16.1%. Male was 68.2% with male to female ratio of 2.1:1. Communication disorder is commoner in first child 58.1% and detected by mother in 70.5% cases. Major cause was due to infection in 68.2%. Large percentage of communication disorder were language disorder in 60.8% and speech disorders which constitute 39.2% with associated varying degrees of hearing impairment in 78.8% of them. Sensorineural hearing impairment was noted in 69.6% cases. Language disorders were delayed speech & language, mutism and specific language impairment in 22.6%, 16.6% and 14.7% respectively. Major speech disorder was articulation problem in 15.7%. Main sources of referral were 52.5% from paediatrician while 30.9% was from general practitioners. Conclusions: There was high prevalence of communication disorder which was associated with high prevalence of hearing impairment. The major causes were infection with inadequate obstetrics management.","PeriodicalId":13852,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90883470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Gestational Age by Tibial Length using Ultrasound in A Nigerian Tertiary Hospital","authors":"C. C. Achebe, O. Adesiyun, I. Aremu, O. T. Orewole, S. Aremu, A. Bakare, K. Adewoye, A. Okunlola","doi":"10.59566/ijbs.2019.15104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2019.15104","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Determining fetal gestational age accurately is important to good obstetric care and outcome. Methods like measurement of symphysio-fundal height have been used but not accurate. With the advent of ultrasound, various fetal biometric parameters e.g. BPD, FKL, and fetal limbs are now being used. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to ultrasonographically evaluate the usefulness of fetal tibial lengths as an alternate to femur lengths in predicting gestational age from the second to third trimesters. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 500 pregnant Nigerian women between the GA of 13 to 41 week had ultrasound scan evaluation done at the fetal assessment unit of a Teaching Hospital. Fetal biometric parameters BPD, FL, and TL were measured and recorded against the calculated gestational age from the last menstrual periods. RESULTS: There was a strong relationship between TL and EGA with a significant positive linear correlation (r= 0.915 P<0.05). For FL, r= 0.900 and for BPD r=0.906, all related to GA. The study has also shown a good correlation between TL and the other measured variables. For TL and FL, r=0.889 while TL and BPD r=0.867, making TL a substitute limb for limb measurement and as a pointer to a skeletal anomaly or delayed bone growth or dwarfs. The mean TL ranged from 13.47 mm at 13 week to 74.64 mm at 41 weeks of gestation. CONCLUSION: This study has been able to justify the tibia as an important substitute for femur in the prediction of GA especially where the femur is susceptible to errors.","PeriodicalId":13852,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75758009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Auricular Anthropometry in South Western Nigeria Populace: Age and Sex Disparity, a Tool for Identification and Auricular Reconstruction among Nigerian Blacks","authors":"S. Aremu","doi":"10.59566/ijbs.2019.15091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2019.15091","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: There are population variations among people from different regions around the world in terms of auricle dimensions. This means it is not suitable to use foreign standards of auricle dimensions as a guideline for Nigerians undergoing plastic pinna reconstruction. Knowledge about the normal human ear dimensions and morphological features of various populations can be helpful from the anthropological and forensic point of view to provide data procedures for the inclusion and exclusion of persons for identification on the basis of ear variations collected from criminals. METHODOLOGY: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among the populace of South-West, Nigeria between. Two hundred subjects (100 males and 100 females) between 10 and 50 years of age were selected for the study. They are divided into four age range groups in years. Group A (10-20), B (21-30), C (31-40) and D (41-50). The anthropometric parameters of the external ear were measured by the indirect method and variation according to age and sex were studied. These are the Total length of the ear (TLE), the Total width of the ear (TWE), Total lobular length (TLL) and Total lobular width (TLW). RESULTS: Our study showed the distribution of age and sex into four groups(A-B) with most of the males falling in B (N=32) while the females in group A (N=36). The age range for the subjects enrolled in the study was between 10 to 50 years. Group B has the highest number of subjects (N=64), while Group D had the least number of subjects (N=32) as well as the least number of male subjects (N=12). CONCLUSION: This study has shown a significant difference between auricular anthropometry in relation to age and sex of the subjects studied with men having relatively higher mean values than women.","PeriodicalId":13852,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83998535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicoepidemiological Presentation of Sinonasal Mass in A Nigerian Tertiary Health Care Centre","authors":"W. Adegbiji, S. Aremu, Ganiyu O. Akanbi, J. Omotayo","doi":"10.59566/ijbs.2019.15084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2019.15084","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sinonasal masses are common worldwide with clinical entity ranges from simple sinonasal polyps to malignancy. This study aimed at determining the prevalence, Sociodemographic features, clinical characteristics, clinical presentation, and management outcome of sinonasal masses. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients with sinonasal masses in ear, nose and throat department of our center over a period of ten years (from November 2008 to October 2018). Data were retrieved from the clinic register and hospital medical record. Information on sociodemographic features, the clinical presentation of presentation, examination findings, CT Scan findings, diagnosis and treatment outcomes were retrieved. Data obtained were collated and analysed by using SPSS version 18.0. Results: The total number of patients seen over the studied period was 4,678 Male accounted for 62.9% with male to female ratio of 1.7:1. Sinonasal masses were bilateral in 44.3%, left-sided in 32.0% and right-sided in 23.7. Multiple grapelike sinonasal masses accounted for 50.5% while single sinonasal masses accounted for 49.5%. Commonest anatomical origin was ethmoid sinuses in 50.5%. Main clinical features were nasal blockage 83.5% and nasal discharge 63.9%. Masses extension was into 52.6% Intranasal/sinuses and 34.0% orbital extension. Main histological diagnosis were ethmoidal (simple) nasal polyps in 49.5%, squamous cell carcinoma in 17.5%, antrochoanal polyp in 9 3% and inverted papilloma in 9.3%. Histological examination showed simple inflammatory nasal polyps in 58.8%, benign tumour in 13.4% and malignant tumour in 23.7%. Patients were managed by 76.3% surgery, 16.5% surgery and radiotherapy and 7.2% chemoradiotherapy. Recurrent masses and death from malignancy were 8.2% and 2.1% respectively. Conclusions: Sinonasal masses are perceived and presented as a simple disorder with nasal obstructions and discharge. It consists of polyps and malignant tumour. Nasal Polyps are commoner than the neoplastic tumour. The commonest origin of the sinonasal masses was ethmoid sinuses which may be because polyps are the most common causes of sinonasal masses as shown in our study. Further evaluation revealed that majority of the unilateral sinonasal masses were neoplastic. They are poorly managed and presented in advanced stage to the otorhinolaryngologist, head and neck surgeon. Late presented patients had palliative treatment with resultant high recurrence and fatality. Thus Health education, serial and early screening are highly recommended.","PeriodicalId":13852,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83186715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generate Better Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Model Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Crispr/Cas9","authors":"Zhe Han","doi":"10.59566/ijbs.2019.15079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2019.15079","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) has been a heart disease causing the most sudden cardiac death among young people in US, and this problem still remains unsolved. In this paper, we will reintroduce HCM and discuss the methods that could be used to treat it. Many other studies, involving animal models; Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs); CRISPR/Cas9, would also be mentioned to understand the disease better. Many techniques are useful in curing HCM. One of the helpful mechanisms would be iPSCs, which helps reprogramming a patient's somatic cells, differentiating them into cells needed for the study. Due to different background issues, CRISPR/Cas 9 would then be added to generate isogenic iPSCs. Combining both mechanisms would help in comparing patient's HCM iPSCs and control iPSCs, which provides us more information about pathogenic background of HCM and further assists in the process of curing HCM.","PeriodicalId":13852,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75610771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Finite Element Study on Comparision of Stress Distribution around the Vertical and Angled Abutments in Implants","authors":"M. Anand, Gulab Chad Baid, H. S. Mohammed, Prasad A. Hari, Vinaya Kundapur, M. Swetha","doi":"10.59566/ijbs.2019.15068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2019.15068","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Appearance or aesthetics play an important role in the lives of most people specially professionals and any restorations with less than optimal aesthetics will probably not acceptable. Dental implants have earned an excellent reputation for Biocompatibility, Predictability and function throughout the past decades. Use of angulated abutments may be the method of choice when anatomic limitations preclude the axial placement of an implant. A variety of pre angled abutments are available at specific divergence angles, additionally, custom angled abutments may be cast to profile necessary for an acceptable prosthetic outcome. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the stress distribution around the vertical (0 degree) and angled (15, 20 degree) abutments in implants. This study was carried out under a vertical force of 100 N and horizontal force of 50 N respectively for all the situations. Materials & Methods: A 3D finite element model was made of anterior maxillary right canine region using the details from the CT scan using the computer software (ANSYS 11). A stimulated 13 × 4.2 mm implant was placed in the centre of the b one and its superstructure was created. Two different loading conditions for 3 different abutment angulations (0, 15, & 20 degree) relative to long axis of implant were applied. The stress generated in the cortical and cancellous bone around the implant was recorded and evaluated with the help of ANSYS. Resuts: It was shown that on vertical loading and horizontal loading of 100 N and 50 N respectively on zero degree angulated abutment, the Von Mises stresses were seen to be uniformly distributed all along the implants in the cortical and cancellous bone. It was also shown that vertical and horizontal loading of 100N and 50 N respectively produced maximum stresses n both cortical and cancellous bone around the neck of Implant for both the 15 degree and 20 degree angulated abutments. Conclusion: the zero degree produced the least amount of stress so as far as possible the Implants should be placed along the axial loading directions of the proposed prosthesis.","PeriodicalId":13852,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88790662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fever, Night Sweats and Weight Loss in an Asian Man: Not Always TB","authors":"Roseleen Sheelan, Kayleigh Lawrence, D. Mosby, A. Abdelhafiz","doi":"10.59566/ijbs.2019.15076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2019.15076","url":null,"abstract":"A 36-year-old British born Asian man was admitted to hospital with a dry cough, fever of one-week duration and a two-day history of diarrhoea. He was eventually diagnosed with pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia secondary to human immunodeficiency virus infection. This case was challenging diagnostically due to the lack of a complete history initially and full history not being available until later in the admission. A normal chest x-ray also complicated matters. Around 90% of patients with pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia have chest x-ray changes. Following diagnosis using high resolution computed tomography scan and bronchoalveolar lavage and subsequent treatment with co-trimoxazole and antiretroviral therapy, the patient recovered uneventfully.","PeriodicalId":13852,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86178449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability of Blood Glucose in Fluorinated Plasma and Plane Tube Serum","authors":"A. Imtiaz, Md. Haroon Or Rashid, Avijit Loah, S. Shafiullah, A. Siddique, M. Rahman, Md. Motiur Rahman","doi":"10.59566/ijbs.2019.15063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2019.15063","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In 1941 Sodium fluorite containing tubes was developed. Since then these tables were used in the clinical laboratory for measurement of glucose. Sodium fluoride is a useful agent that inhibits glycolysis. The glucose level in the unpreserved blood sample can decrease by 5-7% per hour due to glycolysis. Methods: The objective to evaluate the stability of blood glucose in fluorinated plasma and plane tube serum. The Blood samples obtained from 30 participants and which pour into two different (fluorinated and plane) tube. Plasma and serum separated and storage within 25-30 Minute of the collection on average. Separated samples were aliquoted into eppendorfs and stored in the different cool box at 4-8°C. Glucose concentrations were analyzed by glucose oxidase method using the SELECTRA Pro-M Auto-analyzer at 0hours (within 30 min), 24hours and 48 hours. Paired sample t-test performed significantly at a P-value of less than 0.05. Results: Results show that the rate at which glucose concentration changed with time varies in fluorinated plasma and plane tube serum, the average mean difference of glucose 1.2 mg/dl, 9.2 mg/dl, and 3.32 mg/dl, 3.11 mg/dl in plasma and serum from 0 h-24 h and 0 h-48 h respectively. A statistically significant correlation (p<0.05) found with times of measurement. Glucose levels slightly reduce in plasma than serum within 24 h but comparatively more glycolysis occurs in plasma than serum after 24 hour. Conclusion: This study tries to find out a suitable agent for assessing blood glucose levels when the analysis delayed. Sodium fluoride is an effective agent for delay glucose analysis.","PeriodicalId":13852,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical Science : IJBS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84309974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}