International Journal of Applied Glass Science最新文献

{"title":"A survey of commercial soda–lime–silica glass compositions: Trends and opportunities II—Principal component analysis (PCA) of glass compositions","authors":"Wei Deng,&nbsp;Elliot Wakelin,&nbsp;Erhan Kilinc,&nbsp;Paul A. Bingham","doi":"10.1111/ijag.16689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijag.16689","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the first part of the study, we sampled and investigated the composition of commercial glasses in the UK market from 2022 to 2023, as well as property data provided by various models. In this part, we utilize principal component analysis (PCA) to conduct a comparative analysis, integrating these data with the composition of commercial glass documented in previous literature. The widely held belief that the composition of commercial soda–lime–silica glasses has remained essentially unchanged over the past 30+ years is challenged by this research. The differences in composition of current commercial glass compositions compared to glasses from 30 to 40 years ago have been quantified. This not only sheds light on the direction of travel and reasons for adjustments to UK glass compositions over recent decades, but it also provides insights and predictions into the future trends.</p>","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijag.16689","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of alternative natural silicates on the kinetics of batch-to-melt conversion for E-Glass fiber","authors":"Hong Li,&nbsp;Gülin Demirok,&nbsp;Perla Ibarra-Munoz,&nbsp;Yingcheng Zhang,&nbsp;Ilkay Sökmen,&nbsp;Banu Arslan,&nbsp;Ann Jose,&nbsp;Ashutosh Goel","doi":"10.1111/ijag.16690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijag.16690","url":null,"abstract":"<p>For the fiberglass industry making E-Glass fiber products predominantly, reduction in glass batch melting energy can be achieved by using alternative raw materials that improve the kinetics of the batch-to-melt (B<i>t</i>M) conversion process. The present study evaluates the effects of the following five types of natural silicate minerals: kaolin (comprising low [&lt;5 wt%] and high [&gt;50 wt%] “free” quartz), pyrophyllite, anorthosite, and wollastonite, on the B<i>t</i>M conversion process using a reference commercial E-Glass composition. The study used isothermal heat treatment of individual silicate minerals and batch samples containing them, infrared spectroscopy, powder x-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to characterize the stages of the BtM conversion process in detail. Based on the results of this study, a simplified reaction scheme or mechanism is proposed to account for the effect of batch chemistry on the B<i>t</i>M kinetics, namely, “free SiO₂” + “free CaO” → CaSiO₃ controls the kinetics of the batch melting. Relative to the E-Glass control batch made using kaolin, sand, and limestone, the DSC tests showed the benefits of using pyrophyllite (replacing kaolin and sand), anorthosite (replacing kaolin and some limestone), and wollastonite (replacing limestone) in lowering the B<i>t</i>M conversion energy (from room temperature [RT] to 1200°C) between 20% and 50%.</p>","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of boron oxide on the structure and properties of Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 transparent glass-ceramics","authors":"Chenxi Jiang,&nbsp;Yanhang Wang,&nbsp;Hanzhen Zhu,&nbsp;Qilong Liao,&nbsp;Fu Wang","doi":"10.1111/ijag.16687","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijag.16687","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Transparent lithium aluminum silicon glass-ceramics are prepared via heat treatment and the effect of boron oxide (B₂O₃) content on the structure and properties of Li₂O-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ glass-ceramics is investigated. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results reveal that the parent glass containing B₂O₃ exhibits a higher concentration of bridging oxygen (BO). With an increase in B₂O₃ content, the relative amount of BO changes from 76.64% to 79.86% and then to 79.52%. Simultaneously, the second crystallization peak temperature T_P2 of the samples increases from 715°C to 720°C and then to 724°C by differential scanning calorimeter analysis. The X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope results indicate that the addition of B₂O₃ facilitates grain growth, while an increase in B₂O₃ substitution for Al₂O₃ hinders the precipitation of LiAlSi₄O₁₀ but promotes quartz formation. The glass containing 2 wt% B₂O₃ with the heat treatment of 560°C/ 4 h+ 680°C/2 h shows a Vickers Hardness value of approximately 7.75 GPa, and a transmittance at 550 nm reaching ∼85%.</p>","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of bottom deformation on median crack repropagation after wheel scribing in glass","authors":"Kumiko Murakami,&nbsp;Souta Matsusaka,&nbsp;Sho Itoh,&nbsp;Hirofumi Hidai,&nbsp;Mitsuru Kitaichi","doi":"10.1111/ijag.16686","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijag.16686","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wheel scribing on glass generates a vertical crack with a periodic stripe pattern beneath the wheel (hereafter referred to as the first crack). After the passage of the scribing wheel, sometimes seconds later, the first crack is repropagated with a smooth surface (the second crack). The second crack propagates to 90% or more of the glass thickness under suitable scribing conditions, facilitating the breaking process. The mechanism of secondary crack propagation has not been sufficiently explained in previous studies. Therefore, this study used analytical and experimental methods to examine stress distribution and crack propagation behavior during wheel scribing. Finite element analysis suggests that the increase in the stress intensity factor contributing to the propagation of the second crack was due to not only the crack opening force but also the bottom deformation of the glass specimen. An analytical model accounting for the bottom deformation can simulate the characteristic behavior, such as rapid deepening when the scribing load exceeds a specific threshold value, of the second crack. This study indicates that the elastoplastic deformation caused by wheel contact induces the deformation of the entire specimen, and the state of the bottom constraints is important for controlling the second crack.</p>","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijag.16686","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technoeconomic feasibility of photovoltaic recycling","authors":"Beatrice Crespo,&nbsp;Cailean Cavanaugh,&nbsp;Arron Potter,&nbsp;Stuart Yaniger,&nbsp;Gabrielle Gaustad,&nbsp;Collin Wilkinson","doi":"10.1111/ijag.16679","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijag.16679","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Photovoltaic (PV) modules are a key technology to aid the imminent transition from carbon-based energy. End-of-life crystalline silicon PV modules produce a waste stream that is predominantly landfilled due to the recycling challenges associated with PV reuse economics. Current practices recycle the aluminum frame and repurpose the junction box but landfill the rest of the module. The primary challenge in recycling the remaining module is finding a technoeconomically viable method for separating the silicon and glass from the ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) layers. This issue will rapidly expand with time as it is estimated that flat glass production for solar panels is currently unable to meet the demand for PV. Current literature suggests that chemical, thermal, and mechanical delamination offer economically feasible solutions under ideal circumstances. In this work we evaluate these methods using end-of-life panels and assess the economic viability. The technoeconomic study presented here suggests the most economically viable option for disposing of end-of-life solar panels, given current technology, is landfilling. Thermal delamination may offer an alternative route in the future. Financial incentives, which can be quantified with this work, may be required to kickstart PV recycling to help bridge externalities around environmental impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"15 4","pages":"381-390"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141881161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finite element software for forming processes of glass containers","authors":"Bruno Martins","doi":"10.1111/ijag.16683","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijag.16683","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A two-dimensional (2D) axisymmetric numerical model, based on the finite element method, for glass containers forming processes is presented. Glass forming processes involve coupled thermomechanical phenomena in which heat transfer and viscous flow are dependent, as glass viscosity is highly dependent on temperature. During the overall process glass changes from a molten state to a solid state. Therefore, adequate cooling conditions must be set appropriately. From the numerical point of view, the modeling must be robust so as to adjust to the different sequenced stages. Remeshing techniques requiring adequate data transfer, as well as, different thermal and mechanical contact conditions between glass and molds must be taken into account. Also, effective treatment of the incompressible conditions associated with glass flow must be dealt with. The aim is to set the better process parameters so that the final containers have the required geometrical shape and thickness distribution. A numerical model was conducted addressing all these issues and a thickness distribution comparison with real industrial products was performed.</p>","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141872601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of multicomponent glasses for application as a glazing layer on dental zirconia","authors":"Albena Yoleva,&nbsp;Tina Tasheva,&nbsp;Stoyan Djambazov,&nbsp;Adriana Batsova","doi":"10.1111/ijag.16684","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijag.16684","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents the development of multicomponent glasses for glaze layers for dental yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia (Y-TZP). The samples were melted in the temperature range of 1 250–1 400°C and were cast in water to obtain a frit. The frits were grounded to a powder with a particle size of less than 40 µm. To study the crystallization tendency of melted glasses, they were thermally treated at 800°C and X-ray diffraction analyses were performed for both types of samples. The structure of the glasses was investigated by the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The thermal expansion coefficient, CTE, the glass-transition temperature, <i>T</i>_g, and the softening temperature, <i>T</i>_s, were defined. To test the glaze layer on zirconia ceramic, glass powders with different compositions were mixed with modeling fluid and applied on zirconia specimens and then fired at 800°C in a vacuum dental furnace. Scanning electron microscopy, SEM, was used to observe a cross-section of the glass–ceramic contact on a glazed zirconia ceramic specimen. Glass with the highest content of alkaline oxides is characterized by the closest CTE to zirconium ceramics (10.10⁻⁶ K⁻¹), the greatest transparency and good fluidity, and shows good adhesion to the zirconia. The glaze layer is homogeneous without cracks, pores, and crystals.</p>","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141781025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation method of dynamic indentation behavior of glass based on electromagnetic induction phenomena","authors":"Satoshi Yoshida,&nbsp;Kazuki Kanehara,&nbsp;Mikio Nagano,&nbsp;Shigeki Sawamura,&nbsp;Yusuke Kobayashi,&nbsp;Shusaku Akiba,&nbsp;Akio Koike,&nbsp;Tadaharu Adachi","doi":"10.1111/ijag.16682","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijag.16682","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Contact damage of glass is one of the most crucial issues for glass products. To develop strong and tough glass products and to compare damage resistance among glass compositions, a simple method for evaluating the mechanical response of glass during contact is required not only for glass mechanists but also for glass customers and suppliers. Although it is well known that the quasi-static Vickers indentation test is one of the simplest and most useful methods to evaluate hardness and brittleness in glass, the indentation response of glass under the indenter at higher impact velocities remains to be quantitively understood because of the difficulty of measurement and limited experimental works. In this study, therefore, the dynamic indentation behavior of soda-lime glass is evaluated by using a lab-made free-drop indentation set-up with the coils for detecting electromotive forces (EMFs). The cono-spherical indenter made of tungsten carbide attached with a neodymium magnet was employed to generate the EMFs when the indenter passed through the coils located near the glass sample. The impact load versus indentation depth curve during the impact within a few tens of microseconds was successfully obtained both for an elastic contact and for an inelastic contact. Under an elastic condition, where no residual indent nor any cracks were left on the glass surface after the test, it is confirmed that there is almost no hysteresis in the impact load versus indentation depth curve and that the curve can be reproduced by the Hertzian analytical solution. Under an inelastic condition, on the other hand, it is found that the hysteresis in the impact load versus indentation depth curve stems from inelastic phenomena, such as plastic deformation (shear flow and/or permanent densification) and cracking. These results suggest that the dynamic indentation technique based on electromagnetic induction phenomena is a useful and effective tool for evaluating the mechanical responses of glasses during the impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"15 4","pages":"421-429"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141786076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broadband luminescence of Ni2+-doped Zn(GaxAl1−x)2O4-based glass–ceramics","authors":"Francesco Bour,&nbsp;Jean-René Duclère,&nbsp;Pierre Carles,&nbsp;Sébastien Chenu,&nbsp;Mathieu Allix,&nbsp;Jean-Louis Auguste,&nbsp;Georges Humbert,&nbsp;Gaëlle Delaizir","doi":"10.1111/ijag.16681","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijag.16681","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ni²⁺-doped glass–ceramics containing Zn(Ga<i>_x</i>Al<i>_x</i>₋₁)₂O₄ crystals were successfully synthetized using both parent glass crystallization (Technique 1) and a direct doping method also called “frozen sorbet” (Technique 2) to get a ZnGa₂O₄ crystal/glass composite. The frozen sorbet technique allows the survival of ∼10 nm crystalline particles. Both materials are further crystallized near their respective temperature of crystallization to get glass–ceramics with the stabilization of Zn(Ga<i>_x</i>Al<i>_x</i>₋₁)₂O₄ crystals. Although these two materials exhibit the same glass transition temperature, a shift in the crystallization temperature is observed. The glass–ceramics are transparent in the near infrared range, and the Ni²⁺ doping provides a broadband emission centered around 1300 nm with a full width at half-maximum (FWHM) equal to 228 nm. The structure, microstructure, and thermal and optical properties of these materials are discussed in the present study.</p>","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"15 4","pages":"440-450"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141644603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Fe2O3 on the structure and properties of Mo-containing borosilicate glasses for nuclear waste immobilization","authors":"Youli Xu,&nbsp;Qilong Liao,&nbsp;Fu Wang,&nbsp;Yuxin Gu,&nbsp;Boyang Pu,&nbsp;Hanzhen Zhu","doi":"10.1111/ijag.16680","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijag.16680","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As a fission product in high-level radioactive nuclear waste, Mo has low solubility in borosilicate glass. Fe₂O₃ is not only a prevalent transition metal element but also a major corrosion product in high-level radioactive nuclear waste. Against this backdrop, the effect of Fe₂O₃ content on the structure and chemical durability of typical molybdenum-containing sodium borosilicate glasses for nuclear waste immobilization are studied. The results show that the samples containing more than 3.85 mol% Fe₂O₃, a completely homogenous amorphous glass sample is obtained. Moreover, the mechanism of the effect of Fe₂O₃ on the solubility of Mo is discussed in detail. In this work, a portion of Fe³⁺ is reduced to Fe²⁺ and enters into the glasses as a charge compensation ion as Fe²⁺O₆. Concurrently, Fe³⁺ ions contribute to the formation of the glass networks as Fe³⁺O₄. Iron incorporation can improve the chemical durability of the sample.</p>","PeriodicalId":13850,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied Glass Science","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141650467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}