International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy最新文献

{"title":"Influence of patient age and sex on drug-induced liver injury caused by antiseizure medications: a disproportionality analysis of VigiBase.","authors":"Sanja Petrović, Milena Kovačević, Sandra Vezmar Kovačević, Branislava Miljković","doi":"10.1007/s11096-025-01935-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11096-025-01935-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While it has been recognised that children may be at a greater risk of developing valproic acid-induced hepatotoxicity, it is less known if age and sex represent risk factors for drug-induced liver injury (DILI) caused by other antiseizure medications (ASMs).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the influence of patient age and sex on DILI caused by ASMs.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>To estimate hepatotoxic potential of 24 ASMs, deduplicated safety reports from VigiBase were accessed and disproportionality analysis was conducted by calculating Empirical Bayesian Geometric Mean and its 90% confidence interval (EB05, EB95). For ASMs with identified signals of disproportionate reporting (EB05 > 2, N > 0) for at least one hepatotoxicity-related event, we compared reporting frequency of overall hepatotoxicity among different age groups and between males and females by combining all events of interest into one custom term \"overall DILI\". The same analysis was conducted using the custom term \"liver failure\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Signals of disproportionate reporting were identified for 14 (58.33%) ASMs. Valproic acid and carbamazepine had the highest number of identified signals (25 and 17, respectively). Among the 14 ASMs with identified signals, seven (50%) had disproportionally higher reporting of overall DILI in children, one (7.14%) in older people, and nine (64.29%) in females. Further, six (42.86%) ASMs had disproportionally higher reporting of liver failure in children and three (21.43%) in females.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggests the importance of considering patient age and sex when assessing the risk of DILI from specific ASMs. However, the results are mainly hypothesis-generating and the identified signals require further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13828,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1384-1394"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144215748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of a screening tool to understand the medication habits of patients with swallowing difficulty: a prospective observational study.","authors":"A Harnett, L J Sahm, E Burke, D Lyons, S Byrne","doi":"10.1007/s11096-025-01901-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11096-025-01901-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Difficulty swallowing solid oral dose forms can result in non-adherence and thus can negatively impact patient outcomes. It can be challenging for healthcare professionals to readily identify patients who present with this difficulty within the hospital setting.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To apply the \"Swallowing Difficulties with Medication Intake and Coping Strategies\" (SWAMECO) questionnaire at admission to hospital to elucidate the medication habits of patients when taking medication at home.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This prospective observational study took place in acute urban teaching hospital in Ireland in July 2023. Eligible adults completed the SWAMECO, describing their difficulty and the coping strategies used. Data on age, sex, medicines and disease states, as per International Classification of Diseases and Related Health problems (ICD-10) were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Self-reported prevalence of swallowing difficulties was 10% (41/409) of whom, 14 patients (median age; 67 years (range 40-86 years), 78.6%; female) completed the SWAMECO. The majority reported having a sensation of medication getting stuck in the pharynx. Swallowing difficulty caused anxiety for some patients and contributed to non-adherence. The most common coping strategy was splitting tablets. Paracetamol was the most frequent solid oral dose form associated with swallowing difficulty and hypertension was the most diagnosed condition. Alternative formulations were available for over half (56%) of the solid oral dose forms prescribed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SWAMECO can provide valuable information by identification of patients with swallowing difficulty. This may facilitate clinical pharmacist intervention to ensure safe administration of oral medicines and to enhance patient adherence by providing tailored solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13828,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1224-1231"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the controversy surrounding statin therapy and Achilles tendinopathy using Mendelian randomization analysis.","authors":"Jie Zhou, Haitao Wang, Chao Chen, Kun Wang, Yixin Xu","doi":"10.1007/s11096-025-01893-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11096-025-01893-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between statin therapy and tendon injuries, particularly Achilles tendinopathy, which is the body's largest and strongest tendon, remains controversial.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study employed Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causal link between statin therapy and Achilles tendinopathy (ATP).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Summary statistics were obtained from genome-wide association studies on statin medication and four specific statin drugs from public databases, as well as data related to two ATP phenotypes, namely Achilles tendinitis and Achilles tendon injury. Furthermore, a two-sample bidirectional MR analysis was conducted to investigate the association between statin therapy and ATP. The primary method used was the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, supplemented by four other validation methods. Heterogeneity analysis, pleiotropy assessment, and leave-one-out sensitivity analysis were further conducted to validate the robustness of the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on our comprehensive investigation, all MR analyses in this study found no significant causal relationship between statin therapy and ATP (IVW, p > 0.05). Notably, the MR findings regarding pravastatin, rosuvastatin, and ATP were limited by a small pool of instrumental variables, necessitating further research. Moreover, no association was observed between the two in the reverse MR analysis (IVW, p > 0.05). All results passed heterogeneity tests, pleiotropy tests, and sensitivity analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results do not establish a causal connection between statin therapy and ATP, indicating that individuals with ATP should consider alternative pathogenic contributors. Moreover, these findings highlight the safety profile of statin medications.</p>","PeriodicalId":13828,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1186-1194"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The risk and cost of drug-drug interactions in an older population acutely admitted to hospital in Ireland.","authors":"John E Hughes, Kathleen E Bennett, Caitriona Cahir","doi":"10.1007/s11096-025-01907-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11096-025-01907-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are associated with greater healthcare costs; drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are a common cause of ADRs.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To estimate the risk and cost of ADR-related hospital admission associated with DDI-exposure versus no DDI-exposure in an older community-dwelling population.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This is a secondary analysis of a cohort study among 798 older individuals admitted acutely to hospital in Ireland (2016-2017). Full medication-history (pre-admission) was used to measure severe DDIs. Hospital costs were derived from unit costs. Logistic regression and propensity score weighting was used to examine the association between DDI-exposure and ADR-related hospital admission. Quantile regression was used to examine median costs associated with DDI-exposure. Adjusted odds-ratios (aORs), adjusted median costs, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) are reported.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>N = 782 (98%) individuals using ≥ 2 drugs were included. Mean age: 80.9(SD ± 7.5) years; 52.2% female; 45.1% with an ADR-related admission. Pre-admission, n = 316 (40.4%) patients had any severe DDI, n = 466 unexposed; n = 113 (14.5%) had a DDI which increases bleeding risk, n = 669 unexposed. The risk of ADR-related hospital admission associated with any severe DDI was aOR = 1.02 [95% CI: 0.82, 1.28]), and aOR = 1.83 [95% CI: 1.35, 2.44]) for DDIs which increase bleeding risk. The median cost of ADR-related hospital admission associated with any severe DDI versus none, was €880 [- 1205, 3055]; and €3,520 [- 934, 7974] for a DDI which increases bleeding risk versus none.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DDIs which increase bleeding risk were associated with greatest ADR-related hospital admission risk and highest costs for the healthcare system. Further research examining these DDIs is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":13828,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1239-1247"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-marketing safety of pralsetinib: a real-world disproportionality analysis based on the FDA adverse event reporting system database.","authors":"Zheng Shi, Keda Shao, Ke Wang, Manyi Xu, Xiayao Yu, Chunwei Xu, Qin Li, Zhengbo Song","doi":"10.1007/s11096-025-01917-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11096-025-01917-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pralsetinib is a novel rearranged during transfection (RET) inhibitor that is approved for treating non-small cell lung cancer and thyroid cancer. Although clinical trials have established its efficacy, real-world data on its safety profile remain limited.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to analyze pralsetinib-related adverse events (AEs) reported in the Food and Drug Administration adverse event reporting system (FAERS) database to identify potential safety signals.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted a retrospective pharmacovigilance analysis using FAERS database from Q3 2020 to Q2 2024. After deduplication, disproportionality analysis was performed using four algorithms: reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio, Bayesian confidence propagation neural network, and empirical Bayes geometric mean.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1064 pralsetinib-related reports were identified, encompassing 3608 AEs. The most common AEs were hypertension (n = 80), asthenia (n = 79), anemia (n = 65), white blood cell count decreased (n = 63), and constipation (n = 58). We also detected new and unexpected AE signals, including blood calcitonin increased (ROR: 853.54), myocardial necrosis marker increased (ROR: 201.79), cystitis bacterial (ROR: 134.84), fungal foot infection (ROR: 51.83), pulmonary tuberculosis (ROR: 39.5), and myocardial injury (ROR: 30.36). Additionally, hypertension was more prevalent among female patients (Female/Male = 53/19, ROR: 1.8 [1.06-3.05]) and olderpatients (≥ 65/ < 65 = 34/18, ROR: 1.8 [1.01-3.2]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study identified some known and new significant AE signals associated with pralsetinib, emphasizing the importance of continued pharmacovigilance. While the findings provide valuable insights for clinical practice, further validation through large-scale prospective studies is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":13828,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1305-1314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A post-discharge pharmacist clinic to reduce hospital readmissions: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Jaclyn Costello, Michael Barras, Centaine L Snoswell, Holly Foot","doi":"10.1007/s11096-025-01923-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11096-025-01923-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients transitioning from secondary to primary healthcare are at increased risk of medication errors, adverse drug events and readmission to hospital. Incorporating a post-discharge follow-up by a hospital pharmacist has been proposed as a potential strategy to reduce readmissions.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the impact of a hospital-based pharmacist-led post-discharge medication review clinic on 30-day hospital readmissions in adult patients.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A single-site, retrospective cohort study compared the medical records of patients who attended the Pharmacist Review and EValuation of Existing and New Therapies (PREVENT) clinic between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2019 to a group of case-matched control patients who did not attend the clinic. Patient inclusion criteria comprised those 18 years and older and attended the PREVENT clinic within 30 days of discharge. The matched group was based on gender, age and hospital metrics. The primary outcome measure is unplanned, all-cause 30-day hospital readmission.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 170 patients per group, with similar baseline characteristics. There were significantly less unplanned all-cause 30-day hospital readmissions in the PREVENT clinic group (n = 12 (7.1%)) compared to the control group (n = 40 (23.5%), χ² = 17.799, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that a hospital-based pharmacist-led post-discharge medication review clinic reduced 30-day hospital readmissions in adult patients compared to a group of case-matched controls. This study provides evidence to support extending pharmaceutical care beyond the inpatient hospital setting into the early post-discharge period, particularly in hospitals providing comprehensive clinical pharmacy services.</p>","PeriodicalId":13828,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1315-1323"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12431875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of children's criteria for identifying potentially inappropriate prescribing on prescription review by pharmacists: a before-after study.","authors":"Siyi He, Siyu Li, Haotian Fei, Sha Diao, Linan Zeng, Guo Cheng, Liang Huang, Ling-Li Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11096-025-01928-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11096-025-01928-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We previously developed the children's potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) criteria to help detect and prevent inappropriate drug prescriptions in children.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the impact of implementing the children's PIP criteria on pharmacists' pediatric prescription review processes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The prospectively before-after study was conducted in tertiary hospitals across China. In the control phase, pharmacists reviewed prescriptions based on their clinical experience without the involvement of children's PIP criteria. In the intervention phase, they implemented the children's PIP criteria to assist their review. Primary outcomes included the number of identified PIP before and after implementing the criteria and pharmacists' acceptance of the criteria. Secondary outcomes included inter-pharmacist consistency and the median time spent reviewing each case.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one pharmacists reviewed 362 drug prescriptions of 24 patients in two phases. The number of identified PIP increased from 26 (7.2%) in the control phase to 90 (24.9%) in the intervention phase (P < 0.001). The Fleiss Kappa value of inter-pharmacist consistency was enhanced from 0.182 to 0.262 after implementing the PIP criteria. Of 362 prescriptions, 280 had consistent review results across both phases, while 82 showed a change. The children's PIP criteria helped reduce review time by 1-8 min per case, saving a total of 55 min (P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The children's PIP criteria effectively assist pharmacists in identifying PIP during pediatric prescription review, improving inter-pharmacist consistency and reducing review time. These findings support broader adoption of the children's PIP criteria in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":13828,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1333-1341"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating a pharmacist-led cardio-renal-metabolic service to reduce healthcare inequities in a socioeconomically deprived population: a prospective intervention study.","authors":"Tania Ramos, Amit Verma, Iain Speirits, Ling Zhang, Janice McInally, Catherine McShane, Brian Kennon, Paul Forsyth, Richard Lowrie, Chris F Johnson","doi":"10.1007/s11096-025-01938-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11096-025-01938-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a leading cause of premature mortality, often coexisting with cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus; disproportionately affecting socioeconomically deprived groups. CKD is projected to increase due to ageing, obesity and diabetes. General practice clinical pharmacists (GPCPs) have been shown to be effective in challenging chronic disease prescribing. GPCP services for CKD remains underexplored.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to scope the potential of a GPCP-led intervention to optimise cardio-renal and metabolic risk factors in CKD stages 3-4.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Adults with CKD stages 3-4 from two urban, socioeconomically deprived general practices in NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde in UK, were identified via practice records and GP referrals. Eligible patients were invited to attend a GPCP-led clinic (Nov 2021-Jan 2024), that included CKD monitoring (primary measure), patient education, life-style advice and medicines optimisation. Anonymised pre- and post-intervention data were analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 253 participants (median age 77, range 26-99) met inclusion criteria; 62% lived in the most deprived areas of Scotland; 62% were female. Of the 163 (64%) attending. eGFR increased by a mean of 2.9 (95% CI 1.41-4.40, P < 0.001) ml/min/1.73 m² over 12 months, with improvements in CKD staging, blood pressures, lipid profiles, and HbA1c. Medicines optimisation included lipid lowering (62%), antihypertensives (47%), sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (42%), adverse drug effect management (16%), including nephrotoxic cessation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An integrated pharmacist-led, general practice-based cardio-renal and metabolic clinic, improved key CKD-related outcomes in deprived population. Further studies are needed to confirm long-term impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":13828,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1395-1405"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144215746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection and management of pill swallowing difficulties: a community pharmacy-based observational study.","authors":"Goedele Craye, Els Mehuys, Sien Schelfhout, Jolien Vandermoere, Jara Rousseau, Mirko Petrovic, Koen Boussery, Valérie Vanhoorne","doi":"10.1007/s11096-025-01930-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11096-025-01930-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Swallowing difficulties with oral solid dosage forms (OSDF) are common and can lead to clinical risks, requiring early detection and management.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the prevalence of swallowing difficulties with OSDF among adult pharmacy visitors, identify patient characteristics, and evaluate the success of swallowing management strategies.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In an observational study across 10 Belgian community pharmacies from March to April 2022, adults using OSDF and reporting swallowing difficulties with at least one of these OSDF were enrolled. Patients who accepted to participate completed a questionnaire detailing patient characteristics and identifying medication causing reported swallowing difficulties along with their coping strategies. Community pharmacists recommended management strategies based on the Specialist Pharmacy Service (SPS) guidance and followed up by telephone call after one week to evaluate success.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 3341 eligible pharmacy visitors, 197 (5.9%) reported swallowing difficulties with at least one OSDF. A total of 111 patients (mean age 57.9 ± 17.6, 79.3% female) were included, with 10.8% diagnosed with dysphagia. Few applied the recommended head forward posture (8.1%) and 54% used a sufficient amount of water. A total of 28.9% patients self-reported occasional medication skipping due to swallowing difficulties. The most common coping strategies included increased water intake (57.6%), mixing medication with food (32.1%) and modifying OSDF (28.2%). Pharmacists most often recommended proper pill swallowing technique (53.1%, 85/160) and combining correct pill swallowing technique with semi-solid food or swallowing gel (24.4%, 39/160). Follow-up revealed that 84.4% (135/160) of recommended management strategies were perceived as successful by the patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that swallowing difficulties with OSDF are common, with a reported prevalence of 5.9%. Additionally, most patients benefited from management strategies recommended by the guidance. These findings highlight the importance of community pharmacists as gatekeepers for detecting and managing these challenges in primary care.</p>","PeriodicalId":13828,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1342-1353"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality indicators for pharmacist follow-up of diabetes mellitus: A RAND-modified Delphi method.","authors":"L Christiaens, L Meel, M Buyl, I De Wulf, S Van den Bulck, B Vaes, W Raat, M Van de Putte","doi":"10.1007/s11096-025-01942-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11096-025-01942-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diabetes mellitus is a complex condition with high morbidity which requires a multidisciplinary approach including pharmacist follow-up. Within primary care medicine, quality indicators combined with audit and feedback are described as quality improvement actions which facilitate change. However, since existing guidelines regarding pharmaceutical care for people living with diabetes mellitus are not validated in Belgium, their recommendations cannot be translated into quality indicators without content validation.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aimed to define a set of validated and pharmaceutical record extractable quality indicators, to evaluate the quality of care provided by Belgian pharmacists to people living with diabetes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used a RAND-modified Delphi method. Recommendations from (inter)national guidelines were selected according to the SMART principle. A multidisciplinary Belgian panel (N = 12), consisting of pharmacists, general practitioners, an endocrinologist, a representative of the pharmacists' association, a population manager, a data provider representative, and two diabetes patients, assessed the appropriateness of recommendations for their use as quality indicators. Recommendations received a first preliminary classification after analysis of the median Likert scale scores, prioritization rates, and agreement. Hereafter the recommendations were discussed by the panel in an online consensus meeting. A final validation round resulted in high-potential recommendations which were converted into QIs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 82 recommendations were presented to the panel, which resulted in a set of 24 high-potential recommendations that were merged and modified into 14 recommendations based on the panel members' advice. Three of these, related to influenza and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine delivery, and dispensing of blood glucose influencing and sugar-containing medication, could be converted into extractable quality indicators.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study defines a set of 14 quality indicators - covering screening, pharmacological treatment and patient education and lifestyle management - to evaluate the quality of care provided by Belgian pharmacists to people living with diabetes. Based on this quality assessment, the necessary improvement actions can be identified, implemented, and evaluated to strive for the most optimal care provision, aligning with evidence-based recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":13828,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"1406-1415"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144475114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}