International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy最新文献

{"title":"Drug-related problems experienced by rheumatoid arthritis patients during the first three months of methotrexate use: a longitudinal observational study.","authors":"M A M Oude Lansink, S A S Pongers, C L Bekker, D Eikelboom, D F Ten Cate, B J F van den Bemt, V J B Huiskes","doi":"10.1007/s11096-025-01904-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-025-01904-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Methotrexate (MTX) is the cornerstone of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment. However, patients using MTX often experience drug-related problems (DRPs), negatively affecting adherence and persistence.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To identify the number and type of DRPs experienced by RA patients during the first 3 months of MTX treatment.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A longitudinal observational study was conducted in the Sint Maartenskliniek, The Netherlands, between March and August 2023. Adult RA patients were interviewed at 2, 6 and 12 weeks after MTX initiation using the United Kingdom's New Medicines Service interview guide. DRPs were categorized using a classification system for patient-reported DRPs, and analyzed descriptively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All fifty participants (median age 62 years (IQR 51-68), 66% female) reported a DRP, with a median of 6 (IQR 3-8) DRPs per patient and a total of 301 DRPs. The top 5 most frequently reported DRPs were concerns about (long-term) side-effects, nausea, fatigue, remembering intake and information needs regarding dose instructions. Of the DRPs reported at weeks 2 and 6, 33% were unresolved at week 12.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with RA experience numerous DRPs in the first 3 months of MTX use. Resolving DRPs soon after occurrence may reduce the burden of drug treatment and improve adherence and/or persistence.</p>","PeriodicalId":13828,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on: \"whether temporal discounting is domain‑specific between health outcomes and money-a systematic review and meta‑analysis\".","authors":"Shubham Kumar, Nosaibah Razaqi, Rachana Mehta, Ranjana Sah","doi":"10.1007/s11096-025-01877-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11096-025-01877-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13828,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"584-585"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacists' perspectives on potential pharmacist prescribing: a nationwide survey in the Netherlands.","authors":"Bilge Kaymakci, Daphne Philbert, Ankie C M Hazen, Mette Heringa, Henk-Frans Kwint, Dorien L M Zwart, Liset van Dijk, Sofia Kälvemark Sporrong, Thomas G H Kempen","doi":"10.1007/s11096-024-01842-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11096-024-01842-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pharmacist prescribing legislation aims to enhance healthcare quality and accessibility. However, in many countries, like the Netherlands, it has not yet been legally established.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate pharmacists' perspectives on potential pharmacist prescribing in the Netherlands.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>An online survey using a questionnaire that was distributed via e-mail and electronic newsletters to most practicing pharmacists in the Netherlands during October and November 2023. The questionnaire was based on previous literature, further developed during an international conference with pharmacists and piloted with Dutch pharmacists. Agreement with statements about potential prescribing models, settings, preconditions, and perceived benefits and risks was measured using a 4-point Likert scale. Data were analysed descriptively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 625 participants from community pharmacy (n = 432; 69.1%), hospital pharmacy (n = 149; 23.8%), or other/combined settings (n = 44; 7.0%) completed the questionnaire. Most pharmacists (somewhat) agreed with the introduction of an independent prescribing model with limitations (n = 538; 86.1%) or a model dependent on collaborative agreements with physicians (n = 471; 75.4%). A minority (n = 245; 39.2%) supported independent prescribing with diagnostic authority. The precondition that participants most frequently (somewhat) agreed with was access to health records (n = 607; 97.1%). The most (somewhat) agreed-upon benefits were enhanced professional position of pharmacists (n = 574; 91.8%) and reduced workload for other prescribers (n = 573; 91.7%). Increased workload for pharmacists (n = 495; 79.2%) was the most (somewhat) agreed-upon identified risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pharmacists in the Netherlands are generally supportive of an independent but limited or collaborative pharmacist prescribing model. These findings support further investigations into the potential introduction of pharmacist prescribing legislation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13828,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"392-402"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142768678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-effectiveness analysis of first line pembrolizumab monotherapy for high programmed cell death ligand 1 expressed, advanced non-small cell lung cancer in Japan.","authors":"Kazuki Tomura, Hiroyuki Sakamaki, Shuichi Nawata, Hiroo Ishida, Katsumi Tanaka, Mari Kogo","doi":"10.1007/s11096-024-01826-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11096-024-01826-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pembrolizumab monotherapy significantly extends progression-free and overall survival compared to platinum-based chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but also has a significant impact on medical costs.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To clarify the health economic evidence for selecting the first-line treatment for patients with stage IV advanced NSCLC with a programmed cell death ligand 1 tumor proportion score of 50% or greater in Japan, we assessed the cost-effectiveness of pembrolizumab monotherapy compared with that of platinum-based chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Using a Markov model, the study simulated three health states for patients, based on clinical data and utility values from KEYNOTE-024. Transition probabilities were estimated exponentially. Direct medical costs were calculated according to the 2022 National Health Insurance Medical Fee Points and Drug Price Standards. The outcomes measured included life years, quality-adjusted life years, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, with sensitivity analysis performed to evaluate the effect of uncertainties.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pembrolizumab led to an additional 1.58 life years and 1.23 quality-adjusted life years at an additional cost of 7,009,888 Japanese yen (48,448 U.S. dollars [USD]), resulting in incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of 4,436,638 Japanese yen (30,663 USD) per life year and 5,699,096 Japanese yen (39,388 USD) per quality-adjusted life year. Pembrolizumab was deemed cost-effective under a threshold of 7.5 million Japanese yen (51,835 USD) per quality-adjusted life year.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pembrolizumab monotherapy is a cost-effective option for the first-line treatment of advanced NSCLC with high programmed cell death ligand 1 expression in Japan, providing valuable health economic evidence for treatment selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":13828,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"304-313"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11919958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of hospital pharmacist interventions and their clinical, economic and organizational impacts: a five-year observational study on the French National Observatory.","authors":"Justine Clarenne, Céline Mongaret, Céline Vermorel, Jean Luc Bosson, Sophie C Gangloff, Sophie Lambert-Lacroix, Pierrick Bedouch","doi":"10.1007/s11096-024-01843-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11096-024-01843-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Since 2006, French hospital pharmacists have been able to document their interventions in the National Observatory Act-IP© and, since 2016, to assess the potential clinical, economic and organizational impacts of pharmacist interventions (PIs) via the CLEO© tool.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To describe pharmacist interventions in French hospitals from 2017 to 2021 and to evaluate their potential impacts using the CLEO© tool.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study was conducted to examine PIs documented in the Act-IP© Observatory. For each intervention, the pharmacist used the CLEO© tool to evaluate the clinical impact, using a six-point scale ranging from negative to avoiding a fatality; the economic impact, i.e., whether there was a decrease or an increase in direct costs; and whether there was a positive or negative organizational impact from the health care providers' perspective.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>121,792 PIs were assessed using the CLEO© tool for at least one outcome. Interventions with a potentially significant clinical impact accounted for 84.3% interventions and were classified as follows: minor, 28.3%; moderate, 40.3%; major, 15.0%; and avoiding a fatality, 0.7%, impacts. These interventions mainly involved antineoplastics, antithrombotic agents and some antibacterial agents. Most of the pharmacist interventions led to decreases in direct costs (50.4%) and positive organizational impacts (61.0%), especially for proton pomp inhibitors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Many PIs have positive clinical, economic and organizational impacts, which highlights the added value of pharmacists in patient safety and positive impacts on health care teams. The pertinence of PIs can now be assessed by the CLEO© tool with a broader focus than prescribers' acceptance.</p>","PeriodicalId":13828,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"403-411"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency, type and severity of drug-related problems and pharmacist interventions in Paxlovid® prescribing: a descriptive analysis.","authors":"Alina Stoiber, Gwen Gray, Gudrun Sailer, Wolfgang Huf, Antonella Tonna","doi":"10.1007/s11096-024-01852-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11096-024-01852-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Paxlovid® (nirmatrelvir and ritonavir) is the only licensed oral antiviral for COVID-19. Ritonavir is a potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450 enzymes causing numerous drug-drug interactions (DDIs).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To describe the frequency, type, and severity of detected drug related problems (DRPs) associated with Paxlovid®.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study involved a retrospective quantitative analysis including all patients prescribed Paxlovid® at a public hospital in Vienna, Austria. Data were collected from the patients' records by a clinical pharmacist. A customised, piloted data collection form was used. A sample of data was checked for consistency by an independent clinical pharmacist. Any DDI and severity classification was recorded using an established interaction checker tool. Dosage adjustments due to renal impairment were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred twenty-two of 140 patients (87.1%) required interventions to prevent DRPs. Pharmacists' intervention at dispensing was needed in 63.6% (n = 89) of cases. In 3 (2.1%) patients, Paxlovid® was prescribed despite being contraindicated due to severe renal impairment. The most common were DDIs (n = 80; 57.1%). Renal impairment and DDIs were noted in 24.3% (n = 34) of cases. A total of 313 DDIs were recorded in 114 (81.4%) patients, with severe interactions in 24 (17%) patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pharmacists' involvement in prescribing highly interacting drugs such as Paxlovid® is essential to enhance patient safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":13828,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"471-476"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perioperative esketamine combined with butorphanol versus butorphanol alone for pain management following video-assisted lobectomy: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Hongjian Wang, Zicheng Wang, Junbao Zhang, Xin Wang, Bingqian Fan, Wensheng He, Xianwen Hu","doi":"10.1007/s11096-024-01850-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11096-024-01850-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The analgesic efficacy of esketamine combined with butorphanol in thoracoscopic surgery remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study explored the effects of perioperative esketamine combined with butorphanol versus butorphanol alone on acute and chronic postoperative pain in patients who underwent video-assisted lobectomy.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 181 patients were enrolled, with 90 in the esketamine-butorphanol group (Group BK) receiving intraoperative esketamine infusion and postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) (esketamine 1.5 mg/kg, butorphanol 0.15 mg/kg, azasetron 20 mg). The remaining 91 patients in the butorphanol group (Group B) received normal saline and PCIA with butorphanol (0.15 mg/kg) and azasetron (20 mg). Primary endpoints included Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores in the first week and chronic pain incidence at three months. Secondary endpoints included intraoperative vital signs, morphine consumption, postoperative adverse events, and 15-item Quality of Recovery-15 (QoR-15) scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group BK demonstrated significantly lower VAS scores within 48 h at rest and within 24 h during coughing postoperatively (P < 0.001). However, no significant differences were observed in VAS scores [(Group B, 5 (0-12)) vs. (Group BK, 5 (0-9)), P = 0.517] or chronic pain incidence [(Group B, 34.1%) vs. (Group BK, 23.3%), P = 0.111] between the two groups at the three-month follow-up. Patients in Group BK exhibited improved postoperative stability of vital signs and higher QoR-15 scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Perioperative administration of esketamine significantly mitigates acute postoperative pain and enhances recovery quality in patients undergoing video-assisted lung resection.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This trial protocol is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06398834, date: 2024-05-01).</p>","PeriodicalId":13828,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"452-461"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142921676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medication reconciliation and seamless care led by clinical pharmacists in Slovenia: a national reimbursed program ensuring safe and effective transition of care.","authors":"Matej Stuhec","doi":"10.1007/s11096-024-01840-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11096-024-01840-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medication errors frequently happen during patients' transitions between different healthcare settings. Medication reconciliation, provided by various healthcare specialists, could help reduce these errors. However, clinical pharmacists do not lead this service nationally in most countries.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This paper describes the development, implementation, and national evaluation of medication reconciliation in Slovenia as part of seamless care.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>All hospitals and community pharmacies in Slovenia.</p><p><strong>Development: </strong>The initial step involved the successful development of legislation in Slovenia. This process, termed 'seamless care,' was defined as a pharmaceutical service and five different steps of this process were developed: medication reconciliation upon admission (including the best possible medication history), during discharge, personal medication cards, and medication dispensing. A standard operational procedure was established in 2023 to guide these practices.</p><p><strong>Implementation: </strong>A critical milestone in the implementation process was establishing a successful reimbursement scheme in 2023. Hospitals and community pharmacies implemented this service following successful reimbursement. Pharmacy managers and heads of hospital pharmacy departments were responsible for overseeing its implementation in hospitals and community pharmacies. The Health Insurance Institute of Slovenia is measuring the implementation.</p><p><strong>Evaluation: </strong>Trials were conducted in various Slovenian hospitals to evaluate this service's effectiveness, appropriateness, and adoption before its full implementation (reduced medication-related problems were observed). The Health Insurance Institute of Slovenia is currently evaluating the sustainability of the service and providing feedback to the providers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Slovenia is the first country in this part of Europe to fully reimburse and implement medication reconciliation as a pharmaceutical service. This practice holds promise for exporting to other countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":13828,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"239-246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacist-led new medicine service: a real-world cohort study in the Netherlands on drug-related problems, satisfaction, and self-efficacy in cardiovascular patients transitioning to primary care.","authors":"Hendrik T Ensing, Nelly Kurt, Ruby A Janssen, Ellen S Koster, Eibert R Heerdink","doi":"10.1007/s11096-024-01829-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11096-024-01829-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients transitioning from hospital to home while starting long-term cardiovascular medicines are likely to experience drug-related problems (DRPs). The New Medicine Service (NMS) may support readmission to primary care.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate NMS in a real world setting, for patients transitioning from hospital to primary care with newly prescribed cardiovascular medicines on identifying DRPs, patient satisfaction with medication information and patient self-efficacy. Secondary objectives were identifying risk factors for DRPs and assessing first-fill discontinuation.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cohort study in an outpatient pharmacy and 14 community pharmacies in Almere, the Netherlands, involved patients ≥ 18 years receiving new cardiovascular prescriptions. Usual pharmacy care was complemented with a telephone counselling two weeks post-dispensing to identify and address DRPs. Patient satisfaction and self-efficacy were assessed during a follow-up call. First-fill discontinuation was measured using dispensing data, and logistic regression identified risk factors for DRPs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1647 eligible patients, 743 received NMS; 72.5% experienced ≥ 1 DRP. NMS improved patients' satisfaction with information and self-efficacy (p < 0.001). Outpatient visits (adj. OR 0.64), cardiovascular medicine use (adj. OR 0.65), and use of chronic medicines (adj. OR 1.71) influenced DRPs. First-fill discontinuation remained unchanged post-NMS, but patients with DRPs discontinued more often (14.8% vs. 8.6%, p = 0.030).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Implementing the NMS in a real-world transitional care setting allowed pharmacists to identify DRPs and provide counselling tailored to patient needs. Patients reported higher satisfaction with information and increased self-efficacy. Priority should be given to at-risk patients for DRPs, and deploy other pharmacy staff to perform the NMS.</p>","PeriodicalId":13828,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"325-334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142800572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification, classification, and documentation of drug related problems in community pharmacy practice in Europe: a scoping review.","authors":"Danielle Hochhold, Lotte Stig Nørgaard, Derek Stewart, Anita Elaine Weidmann","doi":"10.1007/s11096-024-01834-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11096-024-01834-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Drug-related problems (DRPs) are significant issues in healthcare contributing to adverse health outcomes and increased healthcare costs. While community pharmacists play a pivotal role in identifying, classifying, and documenting DRPs, there is a need to map approaches undertaken.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this scoping review was to examine the approaches to identifying, classifying, and documenting DRPs in community pharmacies in Europe, and their associated barriers and facilitators.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The scoping review was conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines and reported according to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The search was conducted across 11 databases from inception until March 2023. Studies of all designs reporting DRPs in European community pharmacies were included. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened independently by two researchers, followed by data extraction and synthesis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search yielded 67 relevant studies. Forty-eight studies described approaches to DRP identification as predominantly relying on professional knowledge and computer software. The classification methods, described in 41 studies, varied with reports of predefined systems and computer-generated classifications. Documentation approaches were described in 53 studies and were primarily computer-based. Facilitators included electronic support systems, pharmacist experience, while barriers encompassed the complexity of classification as well as variations in training, IT solutions, operational structures, and implementation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a lack of a standardized approach to identifying, classifying, and documenting DRPs in European community pharmacies. A framework for pharmacist education and a time-saving approach to documenting DRPs consistently could serve to overcome the barriers to their identification and documentation. Furthermore, the implementation of a standardised approach to classifying DRPs could facilitate comparison of the management of DRPs across Europe.</p>","PeriodicalId":13828,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":" ","pages":"247-269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142948478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}