7th International Students Science Congress Proceedings Book最新文献

{"title":"Kanatlı Hayvan Beslemede Bal Arısı Ürünlerinin Yem Katkı Maddesi Olarak Kullanımı","authors":"Erkan Güner, Zümrüt Açıkgöz","doi":"10.52460/issc.2023.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52460/issc.2023.006","url":null,"abstract":"Kanatlı hayvan beslemede büyümeyi teşvik etmek amacıyla uzun yıllar bilinçsizce kullanılan antibiyotiklerin ürünlerde kalıntı problemine ve patojen bakterilerde direnç gelişimine neden olmalarından dolayı Avrupa Birliği Ülkeleri’nde ve Türkiye’de yem katkı maddesi olarak kullanımları yasaklanmıştır. Bu gelişmelere müteakip antibiyotiklerin yerine kullanılabilecek doğal ürün arayışı hız kazanmıştır. Günümüzde doğal, gıda güvenliğini sağlayabilen, mevcut mevzuatlarla uyumlu ve sürdürülebilir hayvansal üretime uygun katkı maddeleri olarak enzimler, probiyotikler, prebiyotikler, simbiyotikler, organik asitler ve bitkisel ekstraktlar/uçucu yağlar önerilmektedir. Son yıllarda antibiyotik alternatifi ürünler kapsamında çeşitli bal arısı ürünleri üzerinde de önemle durulmaktadır. Bu bağlamda değerlendirilen bal arısı ürünleri ise bal, arı sütü, propolis, arı poleni, arı zehiri ve arının farklı gelişim safhalarındaki formlarıdır (larvalardır). Çeşitli karbonhidratlar, organik asitler, proteinler, amino asitler, yağ asitleri, mineraller, vitaminler, aroma maddeleri, enzimler, polifenoller, flavonoidler, fenolik asitler gibi bileşenleri içeren bu ürünlerin kanatlı hayvanlarının fizyolojisini dolayısıyla performansını etkileyebileceği belirtilmektedir. Ancak, günümüze değin yem katkı maddesi olarak bal arısı ürünlerinin kullanım potansiyellerinin incelendiği çalışmalarda çelişkili sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Bu bildiride, bal arısı ürünleri hakkında bilgi verilerek kanatlı hayvanların beslenmesinde yem katkı maddesi olarak kullanımlarına ilişkin çalışmalar irdelenecektir.","PeriodicalId":138273,"journal":{"name":"7th International Students Science Congress Proceedings Book","volume":"181 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122591385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Plant-Based Enzymes Used in Coagulation of Milk for Cheese Production","authors":"Sena Tirtom, A. Akpınar","doi":"10.52460/issc.2023.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52460/issc.2023.020","url":null,"abstract":"Dairy products have a quite important for the food industry. Cheese, which has more than a thousand varieties, takes it in the first place among dairy products. Coagulation of milk is the most important step in cheese production. A considerable part of the cheese produced in the world is obtained as a result of coagulation of milk with enzymes. The rennets used to provide milk coagulation in cheese production can be obtained from different animal, plant-based and microbial sources. Coagulant enzymes obtained from different sources are called rennet obtained from animal sources. The increase in the amount of cheese production also increases the need for rennet. Due to reasons such as increasing cheese production and consumption around the world, difficult calf rennet supply (expensive and scarce), religious reasons, prohibition of rennet obtained from recombinant calf rennet in some countries, vegetarian preferences of consumers, some diseases that can be transmitted from animals, attitudes towards genetically modified foods have led to the need for alternative coagulants in cheese production. This situation has led to studies on the production of alternative coagulant enzymes of microbial, plant-based and recombinant origin that can be used instead of calf rennet. Enzymes obtained from different parts of plants (such as roots, stems, leaves, flowers, seeds and fruits) by different extraction methods can be used to coagulate milk. Although coagulant enzymes of plant-based origin are used in the production of traditional cheese varieties in many different countries, they are not used in general areas due to their high proteolytic activities, degradation in coagulum qualities, decrease in yield, and negative effects on sensory properties such as bitter taste formation. In this review, the most commonly used plant-based enzymes used in coagulation of cheese milk and their effects on the final product properties are mentioned.","PeriodicalId":138273,"journal":{"name":"7th International Students Science Congress Proceedings Book","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116477760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotics Abuse: A Common Phenomenon in Nigeria and Pakistan","authors":"W. Abibu, A. O. Kolawole, G. Bamigbade, A. Sakariyau, Oluwaseun Isaac Oyelami, A. Javed","doi":"10.52460/issc.2023.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52460/issc.2023.011","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotics abuse remains a global health concern adversely affecting developing and developed nations of the world. Antibiotics are meant to achieve a static or cidal effect on targeted bacteria. However, antibiotics abuse prevents the intended results for its use. Uncontrolled dosage and negligence of prescription from qualified medical practitioners remain the major source of antibiotics abuse. The ffects may be life threatening and may eventually lead to death. This study takes a look at resident’s awareness of antibiotics abuse and its effects. Nigeria and Pakistan (most populated nations in West Africa and South Asia respectively) were the research areas used in the survey. The research involved 1000 respondents. 52.6% of the respondents were females while 46.8% were male out of which the highest age group (48.6%) of respondents falls within 21 to 30. Almost all respondents are aware of the role of antibiotics in disease treatment and 82.2% respondents have taken antibiotics in the last 12 months against infections ranging from Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs), Coughs and many more. From the survey, more than 70% of the participants attested to using antibiotics without prescription from a qualified physician. Furthermore, 20% of respondents have been hospitalized for antibiotics abuse. The study showed that antibiotics abuse is still a menace ravaging our society. We therefore recommend that health regulatory authorities in these countries to emulate the measures put in place by developed nations to eradicate this menace in our society.","PeriodicalId":138273,"journal":{"name":"7th International Students Science Congress Proceedings Book","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122192899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Investigations on the Thermal Performance of an Office-Type Heat Recovery Ventilation System","authors":"Ş. Güngör, Veli Sabancı","doi":"10.52460/issc.2023.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52460/issc.2023.037","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the global energy crises and climate change, the importance of energy recovery grows day by day. At this point, heat recovery ventilation (HRV) systems contribute energy saving by the help of heat exchange in between the cold and hot air streams. Furthermore, the Covid-19 pandemic shows us that ventilation is an inevitable part of heating, ventilation, air-conditioning and refrigeration (HVAC-R) systems to satisfy indoor air quality within the subregions of human-living constructions. In this experimental work, we use an industrial HRV system to examine the thermal performance under various air flow rates. The HRV unit mainly contains cold and hot stream fans, crossflow heat exchanger, air filter, and flow rate controller. The thermal scenarios are considered under winter climate conditions; therefore, temperature levels of the fresh and exhaust air streams are determined about 280K and 300K, respectively. In addition, thermal investigations are conducted with different mass flow rates. The temperatures are measured via thermocouples and collected by a precise multi-channel data logger. The results indicate that the investigated HRV system contribute both indoor air quality (complies with ASHRAE 62.1 standard) and reduction of air conditioning energy consumption.","PeriodicalId":138273,"journal":{"name":"7th International Students Science Congress Proceedings Book","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132239682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photocatalytic Performance of 3D Printed Polymer Composites: Effect of Matrix Material","authors":"Berk Özler, Saadet Güler, Ahmet Yavaş, S. Yıldırım","doi":"10.52460/issc.2023.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52460/issc.2023.046","url":null,"abstract":"Additive manufacturing has started to be used in many sectors today (e.g. aerospace, dentistry, biomaterials, drug industry) and is still a developing material production method. Three-dimensional (3D) printers are the main devices used in this method, which enables production without the need for molds. These 3D printers are divided into mechanical, electrical and photochemical types. Photosensitive resins are used for production in photochemical three-dimensional printers. These resins contain monomer, oligomer, photoinitiator and optionally filler material. The change of monomer, oligomer, and filler materials in the structure also affects various characteristics of the obtained polymer including mechanical, electrical, magnetic, and photochemical roperties. To the extent of our literature review, it has been determined that there are not enough studies on the effect of the change in the matrix material of the polymer matrix composite materials produced with 3D printers on the photocatalytic performance. With this motivation, in this study, the photocatalytic performance of composite samples obtained by the incorporation of nano-sized TiO2 particles(1.5 wt.%) into two different acrylate-based resin mixtures was compared. Bisphenol-A glycidyl dimethacrylate (bis-GMA) and urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) based monomers were used as matrix material, and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) was used as the diluent. TiO2 nanoparticles and photoinitiator were added into the prepared mixtures and mixed in a magnetic stirrer until a homogeneous mixture was obtained. Then, polymer samples were obtained by printing the resins with a 3D printer in 20x35x3 mm dimensions. The photocatalytic activity of the obtained polymers under visible light irradiation was tested. Experimental results revealed that even a small amount of TiO2 is effective in imparting photocatalytic activity to the structure, and besides, the effect of bis-GMA-based matrix material on photocatalytic performance is more pronounced than that of UDMA-based matrix material.","PeriodicalId":138273,"journal":{"name":"7th International Students Science Congress Proceedings Book","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132944723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Analysis of Urban Heat Island Determination Methods","authors":"Gökçe Gönüllü Sütçüoğlu, Ayşe Kalaycı Önaç","doi":"10.52460/issc.2023.050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52460/issc.2023.050","url":null,"abstract":"Population density in urban centers causes an increase in the amount of construction and energy consumption. In addition to being the areas where human activities that cause climate change are most intense, cities are also the areas where the negative effects of climate change are observed most intensely. One of the most obvious effects of climate change observed in urban areas is the formation of urban heat island, which occurs due to reasons such as the increase in the number of structural areas and impermeable surfaces, the amount of energy consumption, the number of vehicles and people, the decrease in open green areas, and the lack of planning to increase the ecosystem service quality in the planning of these areas. While the formation of urban heat island negatively affects the thermal comfort of the citizens in the summer months, it also increases the amount of energy used for cooling indoors, and this situation causes a vicious circle when the directly proportional relationship between energy consumption and heat island formation is considered. Urban heat islands have been the subject of many different occupational disciplines, and various methods have been tried for the determination of heat island formation. In this study, different methods used in urban heat island determination studies were examined, the accuracy of the applied methods in the context of the study area scale, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method were discussed comparatively, considering today's technological possibilities.","PeriodicalId":138273,"journal":{"name":"7th International Students Science Congress Proceedings Book","volume":"192 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124261776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological Analysis of Ksar Tadjrouna in Laghouat, Algeria","authors":"Fatiha Imane Mahcar","doi":"10.52460/issc.2023.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52460/issc.2023.002","url":null,"abstract":"Algeria is endowed with a very important heritage, reflecting the passage of different civilizations and cultures, their conservation and enhancement constitutes one of the main challenges practice of architectural preservation. Currently, Algeria like all the countries of the world is faced with a phenomenon of demographic growth accompanied by economic development, which has caused excessive urban sprawl characterized by standardized architecture, causing neglect and abandonment of the old districts of cities. This has created the problem of abandonment, marginalization and degradation of this heritage. The Ksar of Tadjrouna in Laghouat, Algeria is one of the 5 Ksours of Laghouat (located on an archaeological site) which is characterized by its richness of urban fabric. Also, it is characterized by its seniority which allows us to take it as a conceptual landmark of traditional architecture. The objective of our study is for the protection of the urban heritage in Algeria from degradation and the need for its safeguard by the morphological analysis of Ksar Tadjrouna in Laghouat which is an example which requires operations of conservation and preservation.","PeriodicalId":138273,"journal":{"name":"7th International Students Science Congress Proceedings Book","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129507353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Oxidation Time During Graphene Oxide Production","authors":"Kürşat Kanbur, I. Birlik, F. Sargın, F. Ak Azem, A. Türk","doi":"10.52460/issc.2023.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52460/issc.2023.045","url":null,"abstract":"Graphene oxide (GO) consists of one or several stacked graphene structures equipped with various functional groups. It has applications in many areas such as biomaterials, energy storage. sensors and photocatalytic degradation thanks to its high surface area, adjustable band gap and dispersibility in various solvents. Although there are various production techniques for GO synthesis, Improved Hummer’s Method stands out with its high efficiency and controllable production parameters. In this method, graphite is oxidized after intercalation with various acids and GO is obtained by exfoliation in the next stages. The effects of production parameters such as oxidation time, oxidant type, oxidant amount, drying processes are generally investigated in Hummer's method. In this study, the effect of oxidation time on GO structure was investigated. In this context, GO was synthesized with various oxidation times by using Modified Hummer's Method. Then, the structural and optical properties of GO were investigated by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-Visible Light spectrophotometer (UV-Vis). The results showed that there is an optimum oxidation time for the oxidation degree of GO structure.","PeriodicalId":138273,"journal":{"name":"7th International Students Science Congress Proceedings Book","volume":"122 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134092878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quasi-Static Punch Shear Responses of Glass/Epoxy Composites Reinforced with Pinecone upon Immersion in Acidic and Basic Solutions","authors":"H. Kandaş, O. Özdemir","doi":"10.52460/issc.2023.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52460/issc.2023.038","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, vehicles that are equivalent to fossil fuel vehicles and operate with more environmentally friendly approaches are becoming popular in the automotive industry. Electric vehicles (EV), which is one of these approaches, have very common usage areas in this field. Driving stability and safety are also of great importance in these widely used vehicles. In this sense, torque vectoring (TV) appears as the most modern approach. TV control systems provide the distribution of torque to the wheels by the effect of the yaw moment. The application of torque vectoring in vehicles reduces power losses in the motor driver and the vehicle’s power consumption. Using efficient torque vectoring algorithms for electric vehicles, this research describes existing and emerging vehicle technology related to yaw moment management and traction control. The article provides the llocation of wheel torques for a two-wheel drive all electric vehicle with individually controlled engines. Lateral dynamics and moment dynamics were used in the construction of this torque allocation. In addition, the lateral velocity and yaw rate of the vehicle related to the specified inputs were calculated from the nonlinear front wheel drive vehicle model which design by MATLAB. The reference yaw rate and the yaw rate, which is the output of the system, were compared and the error was given to the PID controller as an input. Torque producer of the system is a hub motor, which is popular in electric vehicles and simple to control. While increasing the control on this vehicle, the designed torque vectoring system also increased the stability and driving performance during turning.","PeriodicalId":138273,"journal":{"name":"7th International Students Science Congress Proceedings Book","volume":"109 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132227677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laboratory Comparison of SBS and PROpolymer MA123 Modified Asphalt Mixture","authors":"Sarmad Shoman, Andrei P.Lupanov, A. Almusawi","doi":"10.52460/issc.2023.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52460/issc.2023.016","url":null,"abstract":"In order to enhance the properties of asphalt mix, especially rutting resistance in Iraq due to high temperature, different modifier types have been adopted. Recent studies have shown that in Iraq, the polymer in the form of SBS is highly effective and gives good results in resistance to rutting and other defects. However, its use increases the cost of asphalt concrete and its difficulty storing, leading to the investigation of alternative polymers that should be more reasonable than the SBS polymer. This study examined a polymer named PROpolymer MA123 to measure its applicability to modified asphalt mix. For this purpose, the Asphalt mix was modified with 0.5% of PROpolymer MA123 from asphalt weight. The results showed that applying the new alternative polymers resulted in equal or better performance than the SBS-modified samples.","PeriodicalId":138273,"journal":{"name":"7th International Students Science Congress Proceedings Book","volume":"358 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139357535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}