Journal of Urban Health Research最新文献

{"title":"Exploring The Tasting System and Clinical Significance of Taste Disorders: A Narrative Review","authors":"Giovani Indah, Giantoro Putri, Soehartono, Yunisa Astiarani","doi":"10.25170/juhr.v1i3.4476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25170/juhr.v1i3.4476","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This review took an in-depth look at the intricate anatomy of taste buds, unveiling their complex structure and function, delved into the fascinating mechanisms that underlie taste transmission, shedding light on how sensory information is relayed from the taste buds to the brain, enabling us to perceive and differentiate various flavors.Result and Discussions: This narrative review indicates that diverse factors can induce changes in taste buds, ranging from genetic predispositions to external influences such as medications and lifestyle habits. By comprehensively understanding these factors, healthcare professionals and researchers can better identify the root causes of taste problems and devise effective management strategies. Recognizing the clinical significance of taste-related issues is crucial in providing appropriate care and support to individuals experiencing taste disorders.Conclusions: Despite significant advancements in understanding the gustatory function and molecular mechanisms of taste receptor cells, there still needs to be a comprehensive clinical understanding regarding the underlying causes and mechanisms of taste disorders in humans. Keywords: Tasting System - Taste Disorder – Gustatory - Clinical Significance","PeriodicalId":137933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Health Research","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139355824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship of Nutrition Literacy, Eating Pattern, and Nutritional Status among Medical Students","authors":"Theresia Widyakirana Noviandewi, Prissilia Nanny Djaya","doi":"10.25170/juhr.v1i3.4357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25170/juhr.v1i3.4357","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Nutrition literacy is the ability to search, obtain, understand, and apply nutrition information. Low nutrition literacy may cause a negative impact in eating patterns and nutritional status. This study aims to determine the relationship between nutrition literacy with eating pattern and nutritional status among medical students in the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia. Methods: This study was a descriptive analytic cross-sectional study among 97 medical students of the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia. Nutrition literacy was measured with The Newest Vital Sign questionnaire. Food consumption data was collected with the 24-hours recall questionnaire. Nutritional status was measured based on body mass index (BMI). Research data were analyzed using the Rank Spearman test. Results: Based on the data analysis, there were 66% of students with adequate nutrition literacy, 66,3% of students with improper diet, and 44,3% of students with normal nutritional status. The bivariate result showed that there was no association between nutrition literacy with nutritional status (P = 0,057), nutrition literacy and eating pattern for carbohydrates (P = 0,562), protein (P = 0,876), and fat (P = 0,569).Conclusions: There was no association between nutrition literacy with eating pattern and nutritional status among medical students in the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":137933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Health Research","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139363255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Coffee Consumption on Acute Increased Blood Pressure in Normotensive Teens","authors":"Eunike Jennifer Tandiono, E. Budiyanti","doi":"10.25170/juhr.v1i2.4297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25170/juhr.v1i2.4297","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Caffeine has been known to elevate blood pressure. However, the effect of drinking coffee on blood pressure varied among studies. This study examines the impact of coffee on the acute response of blood pressure in a late adolescent with normal blood pressure.\u0000Method: This cross-sectional study with a cross-over design involving 16 male and late female adolescents. The intervention group subjects drank a glass of 200 ml of Robusta coffee (commercial brand), while the control group drank plain water. After a 7-day washout, the intervention group became the control group and vice versa. A paired t-test was applied to evaluate systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) before and after the intervention. The significance was set at p<0.05.\u0000Results: SBP and DBP in the control group were unchanged (Δ0.8 and 0.6 mmHg, p=0.237 and 0.584, respectively). SBP and DBP in the intervention group were significantly elevated (Δ8.4 and 8.1 mmHg, p<0.01 and <0.01, respectively).\u0000Discussion: Our findings demonstrated that coffee increases SBP and DBP significantly in the late adolescent with normal BP. Increased sympathetic tones and blocking adenosine receptors are suggested to increase BP. However, some limitations were also found, so the results should be interpreted carefully.\u0000Conclusion: A 200 ml coffee (Robusta) increased SBP and DBP in late adolescents with normal blood pressure.\u0000 \u0000Keywords: Caffeine - Blood Pressure - Sympathetic Activity - Adenosine Receptor - Phosphodiesterase","PeriodicalId":137933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Health Research","volume":"213 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120838963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association between Knowledge and Attitude of Ergonomic Sitting Position to Sitting Posture and Duration among Medical Students","authors":"Gilbert Yavin Sutanto, H. Usman, I. Haryono","doi":"10.25170/juhr.v1i2.4088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25170/juhr.v1i2.4088","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Medical students may spend more time sitting and learning. However, ignorance of the ergonomic sitting position and long sitting duration can lead them to an incorrect sitting position and high sedentary activity. Thus, this study investigated the association between knowledge and attitude towards ergonomic sitting position to sitting duration and posture among medical students.\u0000Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 30 students of the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia. Data were obtained using a questionnaire. Questionnaires were distributed to participants and consisted of 2 parts, the first part included personal data, while the second part contained knowledge, attitude, and practice (sitting duration and posture). Fisher’s exact test and Fisher-Freeman-Halton were applied. The confidence interval was 95%, and the significance level (alpha) was 0.05.\u0000Results: 23.3% of the participants have good knowledge about ergonomics sitting position, 40% have adequate knowledge, and 56.7% have a positive attitude towards ergonomics sitting position. 60% of the participants spent sitting time more than 8 hours a day, and 43.3% of the participants had a straight sitting posture. Fisher’s test showed no significant association between ergonomic knowledge and chair sitting duration (p= 0.933) and ergonomic attitude and chair sitting duration (p= 0.711). Fisher-Freeman-Halton exact test showed no significant association between ergonomic knowledge and sitting posture on a chair (p= 0.699) and ergonomics attitude and chair sitting posture (p= 1.000).\u0000Conclusions: There was no association between knowledge of ergonomics sitting position with sitting duration and sitting posture and attitude of ergonomics sitting position with sitting duration and sitting posture.\u0000Keywords: knowledge – attitude - sitting duration - sitting posture - sitting ergonomics","PeriodicalId":137933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Health Research","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114078655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Factors related to COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Indonesia: A Literature Review","authors":"K. Kristian, Anisya Lutfia Andini, Fransiska Eka Putri, Julian, Karina Sylvana, Kenji Sungkhar, Mentari A. Jelita, Mikhael Aditya","doi":"10.25170/juhr.v1i2.4205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25170/juhr.v1i2.4205","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The pandemic of COVID-19 has become a burden to the world's health system, in which strategic measures are needed, especially vaccination. However, numbers of challenge have been reported regarding the so-called most effective public health intervention, such as vaccine hesitancy. On top of that, WHO has acknowledged vaccine hesitancy in the top list of 10 most dangerous threats to global health. The spectrum related to the reluctance to receive vaccination in society has also occurred in previous infectious diseases management and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This review aimed to identify factors and mechanism related to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Indonesia.\u0000Method: This study provided a review of 14 literatures from 2019 to 2021 using ProQuest and Google Scholar discovered through the selected keywords. The SAGE WG model for vaccine hesitancy framework was used as the main reference in identifying and explaining the associated factors of phenomenon.\u0000Results: Based on the analysis of framework, determinants related to confidence crucial in affecting the acceptance level of COVID-19 vaccine in the community. In regard to that aspect, various factors within the scope of individual and social influences, vaccine and vaccination-specific issues, as well as contextual influences may well-explained the plausible mechanism that build hesitancy over vaccination. Accordingly, this study found that mistrust and skepticism related to the effectiveness of vaccine, safety concerns, and adverse reactions discouraged people from getting vaccinated. Furthermore, religious matters such as unavailable halal certification, along with poor socioeconomical factors, and misinformation that were spread through the media also prevent people to receive COVID-19 vaccine and risk the development of herd-immunity toward COVID-19 in the community.\u0000Conclusions: Various factors were identified regarding the development of vaccine hesitancy in Indonesia. Understanding the plausible factors and mechanism that prevented people to get COVID-19 vaccine are substantial to strategically address the phenomenon and successfully manage the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia.\u0000Keywords: COVID-19 – Indonesia - vaccine hesitancy – asia – outbreak - prevention","PeriodicalId":137933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Health Research","volume":"13 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113975652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Excess Body Mass Index towards Excessive Daytime Sleepiness among Medical Students at the Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia During the Post-COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Denise Aurellia, J. R. Tanjung, L. A. Pramono","doi":"10.25170/juhr.v1i2.4157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25170/juhr.v1i2.4157","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic brought several effects on one’s daily activity, such as reduced physical activity, increased anxiety and stress towards their environment, and a sleep disorder called Excessive Daytime Sleepiness. EDS is often found in undergraduate students. Many factors could cause EDS, one of which is excessive fat consumption. This study was conducted because of the significant impact that COVID-19 brought on EDS and BMI. In addition, due to the high prevalence of excess BMI, the researcher wanted medical students aged 18 years or above as the target.\u0000Methods: This study used observational analysis with a cross sectional method. It used Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) questionnaire distributed online from October to November 2022. The respondents were 108 (46 male, 62 female) pre-clinical students from the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia (FKIK UAJ), who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A bivariate analysis test was conducted with a chi-square statistical test with p ≤ 0,05.\u0000Results: Seventy respondents (64,9%) had Excess Body Mass Index (BMI), thirty-six respondents (78,3%) were male, and thirty four respondents (54,8%) were female. Sixty-eight respondents (62,9%) experienced Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS) post-COVID-19 pandemic; also, forty two respondents (67,7%) were female, and the rest (56,5%) were male. There is a significant association between excess Body Mass Index (BMI) towards Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS). (p=0,002) Seventy respondents (64,9%) had Excess Body Mass Index (BMI), thirty-six of them (78,3%) were male, and the other thirty-four (54,8%) were female. Sixty eight respondents (62,9%) experienced Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS) post COVID-19 pandemic; also, forty-two respondents (67,7%) were female, and the rest (56,5%) were male. A chi-square statistical test was used, and the results found that the p-value equals 0.002.\u0000Conclusions: There is a significant association between excess Body Mass Index (BMI) towards Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS) in medical students of the Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia post- COVID-19 pandemic.\u0000 \u0000Keywords: Post COVID-19 - Excess Body Mass Index - Excessive Daytime Sleepiness – Medical Students – Pandemic","PeriodicalId":137933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Health Research","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127296174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation of Hairspray from Cherry Leaves (Muntingia calabura L.) with Antimicrobial Properties","authors":"Reynelda Juliani Sagala, P. Kambira, Karmil Tri Nanda","doi":"10.25170/juhr.v1i2.4286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25170/juhr.v1i2.4286","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Indonesia is a tropical country with high temperatures and humidity. Poor personal hygiene can trigger bacteria to grow and multiply. According to research, bacteria that are usually found in skin and hair including Staphylococcus aureus (37%), followed by Escherichia coli (17%). Use of antibacterial hairspray is expected to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria on the surface of the scalp and hair. Using natural ingredients, i.e., cherry (Muntingia calabura L.) leaves, in the form of antibacterial hairspray preparations, is expected not to irritate the scalp, be more eco-friendly, and the raw materials are easily obtained.\u0000Methods: The preparation of cherry (Muntingia calabura L.) leaves extract was carried out by maceration method with 70% ethanol (simplisia : solvent = 1:10). Furthermore, the extract was then evaluated for phytochemical content, formulation optimization, and antibacterial activity. Afterward, formulation and preparation, and lastly, its evaluation in the form of an organoleptic test, pH test, viscosity test, homogeneity test, spreadability test, adhesion test, and product stability test.\u0000Results: The results of phytochemical screening of flavonoid compounds and tannins from cherry (Muntingia calabura L.) leaves extract resulted in a positive reaction. The minimum inhibitory level of cherry (Muntingia calabura L.) leaves extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria was 40 mg/ml. Cherry (Muntingia calabura L.) leaves extract was then formulated into hairspray dosage forms with different concentrations of extract in Formula A (0.1%), Formula B (0.3%), and Formula C (0.5%).\u0000Conclusions: The hairspray formula that had the best stability after passing the freeze-thaw cycling test and physical evaluation of the preparation during storage for 28 days was Formula C. The parameters of the observed hairspray were organoleptic, pH, homogeneity, viscosity, spreadability, and adhesion.\u0000Keywords: Hairspray - Cherry Leaves – Stability - Antibacterial","PeriodicalId":137933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Health Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133253742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Snack Consumption on Body Mass Index and Body Fat Percentage in Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Clemarie Tholib, Prissilia Nanny Djaya","doi":"10.25170/juhr.v1i2.4089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25170/juhr.v1i2.4089","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 and has been determined as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). As an effort to reduce transmission, the government has announced several policies that encourage working from home, which will increase snack time. This will have an impact on increased calorie intake and risk of obesity. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the effect in young adults that requires balanced nutrition. This study aims to understand whether snacks consumption has an effect on body mass index and body fat percentage in university students. \u0000Methods : A total of 76 pre-clinical students from Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia participated in this cross-sectional study, which was conducted during the pandemic. The data was collected using anthropometric measurement, Snacks-Food Frequency Questionnaire, and body fat scale. Chi-square analysis was performed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). \u0000Results : 52.9% of the subjects were female, 42.9% had normal body mass index, 48.6% had  normal body fat percentage, 52.9% rarely eats healthy snacks, 51.4% often eats unhealthy snacks. According to statistical calculations, there are significant effects on unhealthy snacks consumption with body mass index (p=0.033) and body fat percentage (p=0.013). \u0000Conclusions : There are significant effects of snacks consumption on body mass index and body fat percentage in Atma Jaya Pre-clinical Students during COVID-19 pandemic. \u0000  \u0000Keywords: Young Adult, COVID-19, Snacks Consumptions, Fat Mass, S-FFQ, Body Mass Index","PeriodicalId":137933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Health Research","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132751656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Stress and Tension-Type Headaches in Medical Students of the School of Medicine & Health Science, Atma Jaya University","authors":"Callista Anastasya, J. R. Tanjung, M. Santosa","doi":"10.25170/juhr.v1i2.4208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25170/juhr.v1i2.4208","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Stress is the body's response to threatening external stimuli. Many medical students experience stress. Stress that medical students share can be caused by learning demands, interpersonal problems, and other things. Even though stress is daily, excessive stress can also cause various health problems, including headaches. Headache is the most common neurological problem in the world. There are several types of headaches, one of which is tension headaches. However, the relationship between stress and headaches, especially tension-type headaches in medical students, has yet to be widely studied.\u0000Methods: This study is a cross-sectional analytic observational study, on 120 pre-clinical students (22 males, 98 females) aged 18-21 from the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University in Jakarta. The questionnaire used to measure the respondent's stress levels were the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 42 (DASS-42) and Headache Screening Questionnaire (HSQ) to determine the respondent's headache. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using the Chi-square method, with a p-value <0.05.\u0000Results: Out of 120 students, 74.2% experienced stress within normal limits, while 9.2%, 10%, 5%, and 1.7% reported experiencing mild, moderate, severe, and very severe stress levels, respectively. 30.8% of students experienced tension-type headaches, and 69.2% of students did not. The result obtained from the chi-square bivariate test was p = 0.188.\u0000Conclusions: There is no association between stress and tension-type headaches in medical students of the School of Medicine & Health Science, Atma Jaya University.\u0000 \u0000Keywords: stress, tension-type headache, DASS-42, HSQ","PeriodicalId":137933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Health Research","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125085434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship of Mother’s Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior Regarding Diarrhea with the Number of Diarrhea Toddlers Taken to The Health Facility","authors":"Irin Irin, A. Kurniadi","doi":"10.25170/juhr.v1i1.3850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25170/juhr.v1i1.3850","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Diarrhea is the second major cause of death in toddlers in developing countries, including Indonesia. The study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of mothers regarding prevention and treatment of diarrhea with the number of toddlers taken to the health facility. \u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study was involving 120 mothers who have a child with a history of diarrhea and were recruited using a simple random sampling method. Data were collected using demographic and diarrhea-related questionnaires. Fisher-Exact test was used to analyze data in univariate and bivariate with p-value ≤ 0,05 as the level of significance. \u0000Results: Most of the mother’s knowledge, attitudes, and behavior regarding diarrhea were considered fairly good, with the percentage reaching 70,8%; 66,7%; 70,8%, respectively. However, knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding giving ORS were low. There was a significant relationship between the attitude and behavior of the respondents with the number of diarrhea toddlers taken to health facilities (p = 0,010; p = 0,000), but there was no significant relation with the respondents’ knowledge (p = 0,065). \u0000Conclusions: The attitude and behavior of mothers regarding diarrhea significantly affect the number of diarrhea toddlers taken to the health facility. Although the overall knowledge, attitude, and behavior of the mother were considered fairly good, but the knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding giving ORS were low. \u0000Keywords: knowledge – attitudes – behavior - diarrhea – toddlers - health facilities","PeriodicalId":137933,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Health Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123221232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}