International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics最新文献

{"title":"Optimal Meta-Foundation for Isolating Structures Under Obliquely Incident Seismic Waves","authors":"Manoj Sharma,&nbsp;Swetha Veeraraghavan","doi":"10.1002/nag.70384","DOIUrl":"10.1002/nag.70384","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The safety of civil infrastructure during an earthquake is a critical issue. To address this challenge, we explore the potential use of meta-foundations to shield structures from obliquely incident seismic waves in this article. Both finite periodic and aperiodic arrangement of rubber and geofoam layers placed beneath the conventional concrete foundation are considered. An analytical method is developed to optimize the material properties and geometric placement of materials in the meta-foundation to achieve maximum attenuation of seismic waves over a broad range of wave frequencies and incidence angle. This analytical approach combines transfer matrix method and nonlinear constrained optimization for the periodic meta-foundation, and transfer matrix method is coupled with topology optimization for the aperiodic meta-foundation. Finally, finite element based numerical simulations are conducted to test the efficacy of the analytically obtained foundation designs when some of the approximations are relaxed to simulate more realistic finite-width meta-foundations. This comparison shows that the analytically obtained optimized foundation design works effectively in attenuating both shear and surface waves across a broad frequency range for all incident angles considered.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"50 14","pages":"5283-5306"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148408887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermo-Mechanical Peridynamic Analysis of Ice-Induced Damage and Splitting Failure in Frozen Rocks","authors":"Jiming Zhang,&nbsp;Hantao Liu,&nbsp;Xing Li","doi":"10.1002/nag.70381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.70381","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mechanical properties of rock masses, such as strength, stiffness, and fracture toughness, are significantly affected by low-temperature freezing conditions. A thorough understanding of the splitting failure mechanisms of frozen rocks is crucial for ensuring the safety and stability of rock structures in cold regions. Therefore, an improved fully coupled thermo-mechanical model based on the ordinary state-based peridynamic (OSBPD) theory was developed to investigate the fracture behavior of frozen specimens subjected to the Brazilian splitting test. The established model introduced an equivalent body force density to quantitatively characterize the coupled effects of ice-induced frost heave, cementation, and support. A collaborative simulation strategy for the temperature and deformation fields was also proposed, enabling the effective capture of bidirectional interactions between multiple physical fields. Furthermore, a particle combination allocation method was employed to eliminate the staircase effect at circular boundaries inherent in traditional discretization schemes. The effectiveness of the improved OSBPD model was validated through simulations of the thermo-mechanical coupling process of a ring specimen and the splitting response of frozen rocks. On this basis, the present study further explores the damage evolution and crack propagation patterns of frozen rocks containing randomly distributed flaws. The research results indicate that: (1) the inclination angle of prefabricated flaws has a significant effect on the splitting failure mode of frozen rock masses; and (2) when the loading direction aligns with the prefabricated flaw, many secondary cracks with tortuous propagation paths form at the flaw tips.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"50 14","pages":"5235-5260"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148903859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Closed-Form Solution for Large-Strain Nonlinear Consolidation Considering Smear Effect and Time-Dependent Well Resistance","authors":"Khrawboklang Kharsyiemiong,&nbsp;Vishwas A. Sawant,&nbsp;Satyendra Mittal","doi":"10.1002/nag.70396","DOIUrl":"10.1002/nag.70396","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study presents a comprehensive closed-form solution for the large-strain nonlinear consolidation of soft clay under preloading using prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs). The approach takes into account time-dependent well resistance and smear effect. The research simplifies the loading process by deriving an instantaneous loading response based on the average area of the multistage loading applications. Subsequently, the solution is then confirmed by comparing it to the current implicit analytical formulation, which uses the finite difference method while accounting for varied loading responses and discharge capacity decay constant. Furthermore, the solution is applied to compare with the findings of the existing laboratory tests and field data from the test embankment at Saga Airport in Saga City, Japan. The results demonstrated a strong agreement with laboratory, field data and existing solutions, highlighting the reliability of the proposed solution and its effectiveness in real-world preloading consolidation with PVDs applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"50 14","pages":"5410-5427"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148459516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slip, Differentiate, Observe: State and Parameter Estimation for Rate and State Friction From Noisy Data","authors":"David Michael Riley,&nbsp;Diego Gutiérrez-Oribio,&nbsp;Ioannis Stefanou","doi":"10.1002/nag.70391","DOIUrl":"10.1002/nag.70391","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Quantifying frictional properties of interfaces remains a major challenge in both terrestrial and extraterrestrial geomechanics, where available samples, laboratory apparatuses, and geophysical observations are inherently limited. We introduce an analytic and numerical framework, grounded in nonlinear control theory, to infer the emergent frictional behavior of seismic faults. From noisy slip measurements, we first reconstruct the slip rate and frictional response in finite time using a Robust Exact Filtering Differentiator (REFD) that attenuates measurement noise. Building on these reconstructions, we design an exponentially convergent adaptive-gain observer that estimates the internal state variable and the key parameters (<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>a</mi>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 <mi>b</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$a-b$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>) and <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>d</mi>\u0000 <mi>c</mi>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>$d_c$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> of the rate-and-state friction (RSF) law, widely used in fault mechanics. Numerical experiments show that, in fast-slip regimes where data are sufficiently rich, the method recovers RSF parameters with errors on the order of 20 % and accurately tracks the RSF state variable despite noise contamination, whereas slowly varying sliding periods lack the observability required for reliable estimation. We also establish observability and identifiability conditions for the extended system, enabling the determination of additional parameters and outlining pathways for more advanced control-theoretic approaches to friction and state identification in fault systems. Although we apply the approach to a reduced spring–slider analog, it improves on classical RSF calibration methods that depend on laboratory access to shear and normal stress. It also offers convergence guarantees and explicit error bounds, and it can further support model-based inversions that embed RSF in forward simulations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"50 14","pages":"5384-5395"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148459519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro-Macro Fracture Mechanism, Energy Evolution and Damage Constitutive Model of Rock-Like Materials With Heterogeneous Parallel Double Flaws Under Triaxial Compression","authors":"Wei Jing,&nbsp;Kun Xia,&nbsp;Yuhang Chen,&nbsp;Laiwang Jing,&nbsp;Weipei Xue","doi":"10.1002/nag.70390","DOIUrl":"10.1002/nag.70390","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the effects of flaw geometric heterogeneity on the mechanical behavior of rock under triaxial compression, this study examines sandstone-like specimens containing parallel double flaws, systematically evaluating the coupled effects of multiple parameters including flaw spacing and the apertures of primary/secondary flaws (considering non-uniform configurations). Through triaxial compression tests and numerical modeling using the Particle Flow Code (PFC2D) for energy evolution analysis, a damage constitutive model incorporating microcrack event counts is developed, which accounts for the aperture ratio between primary and secondary flaws (<i>λ</i> = <i>a</i>/<i>c</i>) and flaw spacing (<i>b</i>). The results indicate that increasing flaw spacing significantly enhances both the strength and integrity of the specimen, whereas increasing the aperture of the primary flaw markedly reduces strength. Under non-uniform flaw aperture conditions (<i>λ</i> ≠ 1), a decrease in the aperture of the secondary flaw improves compressive strength but also induces a more complex crack network and more concentrated microcrack activity near the peak stress. Energy evolution is significantly governed by flaw geometry, with non-uniform aperture conditions fundamentally altering energy accumulation efficiency and instability modes. The developed constitutive model accurately characterizes (<i>R</i>² ≥0.96) these complex mechanical responses, demonstrating that geometric heterogeneity in parallel double flaws is a key factor controlling rock mass stability, thereby providing important theoretical support for hazard prevention in underground engineering.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"50 14","pages":"5347-5367"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148408886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transmission of Seismic Waves With Tensile Components Across Cemented Rock Discontinuities Exhibiting Tension-Softening Behavior","authors":"Dongya Han,&nbsp;Yongjia Hu,&nbsp;Kaihui Li,&nbsp;Wenchen Fan,&nbsp;Jiangteng Li,&nbsp;Hang Lin","doi":"10.1002/nag.70394","DOIUrl":"10.1002/nag.70394","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fault slip involves not only shear but also tensile motions, causing repeated opening and closure of fault-zone discontinuities. This cyclic deformation progressively changes the mechanical stiffness, fundamentally impacting seismic wave transmission. However, most existing analytical models neglect tensile components. This study develops a unified analytical framework combining the established Barton-Bandis (BB) model for compressive deformation with a proposed inverse hyperbolic-linear (iHL) model to describe tensile loading and unloading behaviors of cemented rock fractures. Integrating this model into a displacement discontinuity model and method of characteristics, we present the analytical solution that simultaneously accounts for compression-hardening and tension-softening effects on stress wave propagation. The BB-iHL model uses an effective stiffness evolving dynamically with the instantaneous stress state, enabling quantitative prediction of stress wave transmission during earthquake cycles. Validation against split Hopkinson pressure and tension bar experiments confirms the model's ability to reproduce more realistic wave propagation. Results demonstrate that tensile stiffness degradation strongly influences wave transmission coefficients, particularly at low frequencies and amplitudes, and that ignoring tensile effects underestimates transmitted energy and waveform complexity. A case study based on seismic data from the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake illustrates the potential of the proposed framework for analyzing field-scale seismic wave transmission. These findings underscore the critical role of tensile deformation in fault-zone dynamics and highlight the proposed model as a tool for more accurate seismic wave modeling and earthquake hazard assessment.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"50 14","pages":"5368-5383"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148415388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEM Investigation on the Collecting Characteristics and Performance Evaluation of Lunar Soil Within a Hollow Drilling Tool","authors":"Ge Yu,&nbsp;Meng Li,&nbsp;Hongyi Ge,&nbsp;Jiangyuan Zhang,&nbsp;Ju Wang,&nbsp;Kefan Cao,&nbsp;Xizhong An","doi":"10.1002/nag.70389","DOIUrl":"10.1002/nag.70389","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lunar soil collection is pivotal for advancing extraterrestrial exploration, enabling in-situ mineral resource utilization, sustainable lunar base construction, and scientific investigations into lunar geological history. In this study, the collection behavior of lunar soil within a hollow drilling tool was investigated using the Discrete Element Method (DEM) based on the Hertz-Mindlin contact model. The effects of key parameters of drilling tool in direct contact with the sample, including inner diameter of the drill pipe (<i>D</i>), friction coefficient (<i>μ</i>), and height of the complement interior the drill bit (<i>H</i>) on macroscopic properties (sample mass, coring ratio, uniformity) and microscopic properties (pore size, disturbance) were systematically analyzed. Results demonstrated that increasing <i>D</i> or decreasing <i>μ</i> enhances sample mass and disturbance rate, while reducing <i>H</i> increases sample mass but reduces disturbance rate. Collection law analysis revealed that the sample can be divided into three regions: the new sample region, the radial movement region, and the flow region. Mechanism analysis uncovered that the energy loss caused by collision and friction changes the average velocity of particles relative to the drilling tool, and the horizontal force arch formed between particles hinders the particle motion. The response surface method (RSM) was employed to predict sample mass and disturbance rate, demonstrating high accuracy (<i>R</i>² &gt; 0.95). The findings provide valuable insights for optimizing lunar soil sampling tools and offer practical guidance to balance efficiency and sample integrity in extraterrestrial missions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"50 14","pages":"5325-5346"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148408885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Stress–Strain Curve Prediction Model for Moraine Soil Under Freeze-Thaw Cycles Considering Mechanical Degradation Characteristics","authors":"Tuo Lu,&nbsp;Yongbo Tie,&nbsp;Sai K. Vanapalli,&nbsp;Zhaoyu Li","doi":"10.1002/nag.70366","DOIUrl":"10.1002/nag.70366","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The stress-strain behavior of remolded moraine soils is highly sensitive to freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles. However, studies on the evolution of the stress-strain curve and microstructure in remolded moraine soils under F-T cycles remain limited. To address this gap, a comprehensive experimental program was conducted that included F-T cycle tests, triaxial shear tests (TST), and micro-CT scanning to examine the influence of F-T cycles on a remolded moraine soil from Linzhi City, Xizang. In addition, a novel Duncan-Chang-Jiang-Lu (DC-JL) model has been proposed in this study to fit and predict stress-strain curves. The results show that F-T cycles cause a marked reduction in shear strength (<i>TSS</i>) and the initial average elastic modulus (<i>E</i>₀) following softening and a hyperbolic bulge failure mode. <i>TSS</i> decreases by 12%∼30%, and <i>E</i>₀ decreases by 30%∼45%. The DC-JL model reliably predicts stress-strain curves for any F-T cycle within the experimental range (<i>N</i> = 0–20) using results from <i>N</i> = 0, 2, 5, 10, and 20 cycles. Furthermore, the residual strength provided by the DC-JL model closely matches the experimental data. F-T cycles significantly impact mechanical behavior by deteriorating the internal microstructure, increasing micro-porosity (from 14.25% to 18.69%), and leading to the formation of numerous cracks. The findings of this study are not only valuable for a better understanding of freeze-thaw degradation in moraine soils but also for assessing long-term stability using the proposed new model.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"50 14","pages":"5396-5409"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148459518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling Large‐Deformation Geotechnical Problems in Granular Soils: Integrating a Micromechanics‐Based Model With the Explicit Finite Element Method","authors":"Chaofa Zhao, Qisen Niu, Zeyong Liu, Zhen‐Yu Yin, Pierre‐Yves Hicher","doi":"10.1002/nag.70434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.70434","url":null,"abstract":"Large‐deformation problems in granular soils are of central importance in geotechnical engineering, as they govern the performance of foundations, retaining structures, and earthworks under extreme loading conditions. Reliable prediction of such phenomena remains challenging due to the complex material behavior and the occurrence of strain localization. To address this challenge, this study implements a micromechanics‐based constitutive model with a few parameters of physical meaning into an explicit finite element code, thereby bypassing the severe convergence difficulties often encountered in implicit finite element analyses. The validity of the approach was first examined through a series of benchmark problems, including a biaxial test and the settlement of a square footing. The model was then applied to three large‐deformation problems in which pronounced strain localization developed. Retaining walls displaced with and without rotation, corresponding to active and passive loading modes, generated shear band patterns consistent with experimental measurements and Discrete Element Method simulations. An axially loaded closed‐ended pile was also analyzed, with the computed load capacity showing good agreement with centrifuge test data. Finally, the method was applied to the analysis of a novel bucket foundation, further demonstrating its robustness in capturing complex large‐deformation behavior of granular soils. Overall, the results highlight the potential of micromechanics‐based multiscale modeling within the Finite Element Method as a reliable and versatile tool for geotechnical engineering practice.","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148902304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rearrangement Towards Stability: Plastic Shakedown in Granular Materials Under Thermal Cycles","authors":"Naghmeh Mehraeen, Alessandro F. Rotta Loria","doi":"10.1002/nag.70428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.70428","url":null,"abstract":"Granular materials are routinely subjected to thermal cycling due to natural and anthropogenic phenomena. Despite the ubiquity of this occurrence and its relevance for science, engineering, and technology, the long‐term thermo‐mechanical response of granular materials to repeated heating and cooling remains poorly understood. In this work, we employ large‐scale discrete element simulations to investigate the evolutionary response of granular materials subjected to cyclic thermal loading, with the aim of understanding whether these materials deform indefinitely upon thermal cycling or undergo particle rearrangement towards a stabilized structural state. By considering the response of such materials under isotropic and laterally restrained (oedometric) conditions, the study explores the influence of temperature amplitude, mean effective stress, initial relative density, and material properties like Young's modulus, interparticle friction coefficient, particle thermal expansion coefficient, and particle size distribution. The simulations show that the consideration of a sufficient number of thermal cycles always brings granular materials to a stabilized structural state through plastic shakedown, regardless of their boundary conditions, stress state, or material properties. This evidence suggests that plastic shakedown is a fundamental mechanism governing thermally induced strains in granular materials subjected to cyclic heating and cooling, in much the same way it happens with cyclic mechanical loading.","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148902305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}