Physics & Astronomy International Journal最新文献_第3页

Transcription of genetic information in the framework of quantum information theory 量子信息理论框架下的遗传信息转录

Physics & Astronomy International Journal Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.15406/paij.2019.03.00172

S. Roy

{"title":"Transcription of genetic information in the framework of quantum information theory","authors":"S. Roy","doi":"10.15406/paij.2019.03.00172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/paij.2019.03.00172","url":null,"abstract":"It is now well known that DNA can be regarded as a physical elastic object in a viscous environment. Two strands of double helix are antiparallel and two polynucleotide chains are coiled about the same axis such that B-DNA (Z-DNA) has right-handed (left-handed) helical sense. The existence of supercoiled DNA has been confirmed in experiments long ago and it was found that in vivo chromosomal DNA molecules contain topological domains along which supercoiling can occur.1–3 DNA molecules from prokaryotes (cells without nuclear membranes) often adopt the interwound structures which are called “plectonemic” supercoils. In eukaryotes (cells with nuclei and other organelles with their own internal membranes) chromosomal DNA molecules are also known to be organized into topological independent loops.2–5 Statistical mechanics of supercoiled DNA has been studied by several authors.6 The experiments of Boles et al.7 suggest that thermal fluctuations determine the structure of supercoils. Experiments of Bednar et al.8 indicated that DNA-DNA attraction may compete with fluctuation entropy. In this note we shall study different statistical mechanical aspects of DNA supercoils by taking into consideration that a DNA supercoil can be viewed as a chain of spin system. In fact as two polynucleotide chains are coiled about the same axis with a specific helical sense in a DNA molecule, we may visualize it such that a spin with a specific orientation is inserted on the axis in the coil such that two adjacent coils have opposite orientations of the spin. This follows from the fact that with each turn two strands move in the opposite side of the axis and so the spin orientations assigned for two adjacent coils should be opposite to each other.","PeriodicalId":137635,"journal":{"name":"Physics & Astronomy International Journal","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124410064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Basis-set extrapolation-a way to achieve the best possible 基集外推——一种实现最佳可能的方法

Physics & Astronomy International Journal Pub Date : 2019-06-28 DOI: 10.15406/paij.2019.03.00171

M. Sharma

引用次数: 0

The expanding earth and formation of satellites 地球的膨胀和卫星的形成

Physics & Astronomy International Journal Pub Date : 2019-06-24 DOI: 10.15406/paij.2019.03.00170

M. Yadav

引用次数: 0

A brief analysis of the research scheme of the cyclotron radiation from a single electron 单电子回旋辐射研究方案的简要分析

Physics & Astronomy International Journal Pub Date : 2019-05-20 DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/uqnh5

Jian Ding

{"title":"A brief analysis of the research scheme of the cyclotron radiation from a single electron","authors":"Jian Ding","doi":"10.31219/osf.io/uqnh5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/uqnh5","url":null,"abstract":"The experiments of Project 8 have been excellent, but the expected goals still difficult to achieve. So much so that some of the results at your fingertips were also missing. In view of this, the focus of this article is to clarify several easy confused concepts. Only in this way, we can reasonably explain the experimental data. The main points are as follows: 1. The value c of the light speed in vacuum and a particle with zero static mass, both of which do not exist in the reality. That is to say, the so-called a photon's static mass is equal to zero but has energy, which is a paradox that confuses two different definitional domains. 2. In the reality, photons are high-speed particles generated by electromagnetic radiation. They must have the characteristics of (static) mass, energy and wave, in order to describe the main body to aim at photons from different angles. 3. After any main body comes into being electromagnetic radiation, its static mass will inevitably decrease accordingly. 4. The charge-mass ratio of an electron is a physical constant, which is the ratio of its charge to the amount of matter, and is not affected by relativistic effects and electromagnetic radiation. 5. The uncertainty of moving electrons is caused by random electromagnetic radiations. Finally, it is pointed out that if the cyclotron frequency of a single electron is measured, and at the same time, its de Broglie wavelength or frequency can also be measured, then its static mass can be obtained. Even so, the expected goals are still difficult to achieve, because random electromagnetic radiations are always taking away continually the matter composition of the single electron being measured. However, this was precisely a result of the research obtained by Project 8, and had universality, which should be reflect on.","PeriodicalId":137635,"journal":{"name":"Physics & Astronomy International Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131174139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Low-energy vibrational excitations in polymethylmetacrylate with IR and RAMAN spectroscopy 用红外光谱和拉曼光谱研究聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的低能振动激发

Physics & Astronomy International Journal Pub Date : 2019-05-16 DOI: 10.15406/paij.2019.03.00169

V. Ryzhov

{"title":"Low-energy vibrational excitations in polymethylmetacrylate with IR and RAMAN spectroscopy","authors":"V. Ryzhov","doi":"10.15406/paij.2019.03.00169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/paij.2019.03.00169","url":null,"abstract":"As it is well known, depending mainly on the time-temperature scale at which they are studied, amorphous polymers exhibit viscoelastic behavior which involves different molecular motions, with very different dynamics. At low temperatures or short times, the molecular mobility is generally considered as localized and leads to a macroscopic mechanical or dielectric behavior, so called secondary relaxations. These motions are often described as rotations of lateral groups or as crankshaft motions of main chain segments. Though much work has already been published on the subject, the origin of these relaxations is still uncertain. In most currently manifestation molecular mobility in glassy polymers associated with low-energy excitation of the type: a) low-angular libration of monomer units of chain or molecules;1 b) correlated vibrations, manifesting as a boson peak (BP) in the IR and Raman spectra,2 and c) reorientation processes, manifesting as fast relaxation phenomena.3 The nature of BP is currently widely discussed. A number of authors believe that the appearance of additional quasi-local vibrational modes is associated with the existence of medium-order and cohesive inhomogeneity in disordered media.4 Others relate them to correlated vibrations: for example, in quartztorsional vibrations in a chain of several SiO4 tetrahedra.5 In a previous paper6 Based on our comparative study of IR and Raman spectra of these low-energy excitation plasticized polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) were presumably attributed to the librational motion of the polymer chain segment the size in several monomer units. The purpose of this paper is to experimentally test this assumption.","PeriodicalId":137635,"journal":{"name":"Physics & Astronomy International Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114153344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Theoretical implications of a classical unitary theory of gravitation and the electromagnetism in the explaining of the planetary perihelion precession and the super-heavy astroparticles 经典单元引力理论和电磁学在解释行星近日点偏移和超重天体粒子方面的理论意义

Physics & Astronomy International Journal Pub Date : 2019-05-14 DOI: 10.15406/paij.2019.03.00168

Marius Arghirescu

引用次数: 0

A calibration of the small solar radiotelescope using a new moon 利用新月对小型太阳射电望远镜进行校准

Physics & Astronomy International Journal Pub Date : 2019-05-10 DOI: 10.15406/paij.2019.03.00167

J. Kallunki

引用次数: 1

Mystery of the dark matter 暗物质的奥秘

Physics & Astronomy International Journal Pub Date : 2019-04-05 DOI: 10.15406/paij.2019.03.00166

N. Gupta

引用次数: 0

Remove the moveout of azimuth anisotropy based on difference 移除基于差分的方位各向异性的移出

Physics & Astronomy International Journal Pub Date : 2019-04-03 DOI: 10.15406/paij.2019.03.00165

L. Hongqiang, G. Lei, Lu Zhan-wu

{"title":"Remove the moveout of azimuth anisotropy based on difference","authors":"L. Hongqiang, G. Lei, Lu Zhan-wu","doi":"10.15406/paij.2019.03.00165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/paij.2019.03.00165","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the fast development of seismic exploration, azimuth anisotropy greatly attracts geophysicists’ attention; especially wide azimuth acquisition is extensively applied in recent years. It is well known that the traveling time variation with azimuth is main exhibition in seismic record due to the media anisotropy which enhances the difficulty of processing and influencing the identity of the small structure. In order to remove the effects of the azimuth anisotropy (traveling time), some geophysicists have carried out a great deal of research work and have already obtained obvious achievement, such as Lehmann et al.,1 removed azimuth moveout by velocity analysis based on azimuth gather. Tsvankin et al.,2 introduced coefficient of anisotropy in conventional velocity analysis. Alkhalifah et al (1998) introduced azimuth moveout (AMO) correction as a single operator to correct for azimuth variations (and dip) in homogeneous isotropic media. Rosales et al.,3 extended AMO operator to converted wave field. James4 removed the azimuth moveout by converted wave splitting estimation. In this paper, we introduce a new methoddifference to eliminate the azimuth moveout, this method is effective to improve the effect of azimuth anisotropy, more important it is easy to implement.","PeriodicalId":137635,"journal":{"name":"Physics & Astronomy International Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125714554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Calliope 60Co gamma irradiation facility for space qualification at ENEA-casaccia research centre (Rome) 欧洲空间局casaccia研究中心用于空间鉴定的Calliope 60Co伽马辐照设施(罗马)

Physics & Astronomy International Journal Pub Date : 2019-04-02 DOI: 10.15406/paij.2019.03.00164

A. Cemmi, S. Baccaro, I. D. Sarcina

{"title":"Calliope 60Co gamma irradiation facility for space qualification at ENEA-casaccia research centre (Rome)","authors":"A. Cemmi, S. Baccaro, I. D. Sarcina","doi":"10.15406/paij.2019.03.00164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/paij.2019.03.00164","url":null,"abstract":"Optical and electronic components used on spacecrafts and satellites are exposed to a large variety of environments, often rich in high fluxes of energetic particles, which may cause serious degradation and damaging effects.1–5 The Space experiment radiation environment is characterized by several kind of primary particles. The main sources of Space radiation are galactic cosmic rays, energetic electrons and protons, trapped in the Van Allen Belts, and particles associated to the solar activity (electron, protons and heavy ions). Cosmic rays are charged particles (protons, electrons and heavy ions) whose flux (10-28-103 m-2 sr-1 s-1 GeV-1) and particle energy (from tens to 1014 MeV) vary depending on their solar, galactic and extra galactic origin.6–8 The galactic cosmic rays flux strongly depends on the solar activity: it is low when the solar activity is high because the solar wind does not allow particles to easily enter the solar system. The charged particles of galactic cosmic rays are also influenced by the Earth magnetic field which provides a partial radiation shielding for spacecraft. However, cosmic rays, as well as solar emitted particles, have free access over the polar regions where the magnetic field lines are open to interplanetary Space: the result is that the galactic cosmic ray fluxes are higher at the Poles and lower at the equator.9 The Van Allen belts mainly consist of MeV protons and keV electrons trapped in the Earth magnetic field, with a toroid spatial distribution around the Earth.10 Trapped electrons are positioned in two regions: the former extends to about 2.4 Earth radii and contain electrons with energy lower than 5 MeV while the latter, the outer, goes from about 2.8 to 12 radii and include electrons with energy up to 7 MeV. Finally, the Sun is the source of different kinds of particles such as those produced by the solar wind coming from upper atmosphere of the Sun, and by the solar flares and the coronal mass ejection processes, sporadically occurring.9,11,12","PeriodicalId":137635,"journal":{"name":"Physics & Astronomy International Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114454858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5