International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health最新文献

{"title":"Impact of extreme bushfire seasons on rates of occupational injury and disease compensation claims in first responders.","authors":"Win Wah, Janneke Berecki-Gisolf, Deborah C Glass, Ryan F Hoy, Malcolm R Sim, Alex Collie, Karen Walker-Bone","doi":"10.1007/s00420-024-02103-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-024-02103-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to use workers' compensation (WC) data to explore the impact of the extreme bushfires on injury/disease claim rates amongst first responders (FR) compared with other occupations and off-seasons.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on WC claims for FR (ambulance officers, paramedics, firefighters, police) and other occupations were obtained from WorkSafe Victoria 2005-2022. Negative binomial regression models adjusting for age, gender and number of employed people were used to estimate incident rate ratios of all injury/disease, mental, musculoskeletal and respiratory claims among FR in summer and extreme bushfires compared to off-season/summer and other occupations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 120,022 claims in 2005-2022; 54% were musculoskeletal injuries. Claims rates were significantly higher for all injuries/diseases, mental, musculoskeletal and respiratory conditions in FR than other occupations across off-season, summers and extreme bushfires. FR were 1.5-3.9 times more likely to claim for mental health conditions during extreme bushfires than off-season compared with other occupations. Firefighters were at increased risk of all injury/disease and mental and musculoskeletal injury claims during summer and extreme bushfires than off-seasons. Ambulance officers and paramedics had the highest claim rates, particularly in off-seasons, with a higher risk of all injury/disease and mental claims in extreme bushfires than in summers. Respiratory and mental claims were increased amongst police and other occupations during extreme bushfires.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Extreme bushfire events were associated with increased mental claims rates in all FR, with the highest in firefighters. Strategies to better prevent and manage injury/disease risk in FR are urgently required, particularly for mental health conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13761,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the effect of occupational stress on sleep quality in firefighters: the modulating role of depression and burnout.","authors":"Amir Hossein Khoshakhlagh, Saleh Al Sulaie, Rosanna Cousins, Saeid Yazdanirad, Fereydoon Laal","doi":"10.1007/s00420-024-02104-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00420-024-02104-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Sleep quality of firefighters can be negatively affected by occupational stressors. A cross-sectional investigation was conducted to understand how work-related stress, post-traumatic stress, burnout and depression collectively contribute to sleep quality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Professional firefighters in Northern Iran completed a survey comprised of demographic information, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, HSE's Stress Indicator Tool, the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist, Maslach's Burnout Inventory, and the Beck Depression Inventory during a work rest break. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean age of the 2339 firefighters who completed the survey was 32.30 (5.74) years. Most experienced poor sleep quality, scoring above the established cut-off of 5. Levels of work-related stress, post-traumatic stress, burnout and depression were high. Fit indices of the final theoretical model were all adequate: the obtained and adjusted goodness-of-fit indices were 0.925 and 0.917 respectively. Comparative, and incremental fit indices were 0.946 and 0.948 respectively. Root mean squared error of approximation was 0.061. Post-traumatic stress was directly and indirectly related to sleep quality through eight paths, modulated by burnout variables and depression. Work-related stress was negatively related to sleep quality through four paths modulated, by burnout variables and depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings illustrate the complex relationships of work-related stress and post-traumatic stress and sleep quality. High levels of poor sleep quality in this occupation emphasise the need to develop targeted and sustainable interventions to manage occupational stressors, burnout and depression to improve sleep quality in firefighters.</p>","PeriodicalId":13761,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship of short-term exposure to meteorological factors on diabetes mellitus mortality risk in Hefei, China: a time series analysis.","authors":"Hanqing Wu, Xu Zhang, Tao Zhang, Guoqing Li, Longbao Xu, Ziqi Li, Yuxin Ren, Yanyu Zhao, Faming Pan","doi":"10.1007/s00420-024-02102-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00420-024-02102-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study aims to explore whether short-term exposure to meteorological factors has a potential association with the risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>During the period 2015-2018, we collected daily data on meteorological factors and deaths of diabetic patients in Hefei. A total of 1101 diabetic deaths were recorded. We used structural equation modeling to initially explore the relationships among air pollutants, meteorological variables, and mortality, and generalized additive modeling (GAM) and distributional lag nonlinear modeling (DLNM) to explore the relationship between meteorological factors and the mortality risk of DM patients. We also stratified by age and gender. The mortality risk in diabetic patients was expressed by relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for both single and cumulative days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Single-day lagged results showed a high relative humidity (RH) (75th percentile, 83.71%), a fairly high average temperature (T mean) (95th percentile, 30.32 °C), and an extremely low diurnal temperature range (DTR) (5th percentile, 3.13 °C) were positively related to the mortality risk of DM. Stratified results showed that high and very high levels of T mean were significantly positively linked to the mortality risk of DM among females and the elderly, while very high levels of DTR were linked to the mortality risk in men and younger populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, this study found that short-duration exposure to quite high T mean, high RH, and very low DTR were significantly positively related to the mortality risk of DM patients. For women and older individuals, exposure to high and very high T mean environments should be minimized. Men and young adults should be aware of daily temperature changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13761,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142377889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the short-term effects of extreme temperatures on tuberculosis incidence in Shantou, China: a Coastal City perspective.","authors":"Yaqian Su, Ruiming Chen, Zhuanghao Chen, Jianxiong Lin, Hui Fu, Zicheng Cao, Qiaocheng Chang, Liping Li, Suyang Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00420-024-02100-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00420-024-02100-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Coastal cities, due to their proximity to coastlines and unique climatic conditions, face growing challenges from extreme temperature events associated with climate change. Research on the impact of extreme temperatures on tuberculosis (TB) in these cities is limited, and findings from different regions lack consensus. This study focuses on Shantou, a coastal city in China, to investigate the influence of extreme temperatures on TB within this distinctive geographical context.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Distributed Lag Non-Linear Models (DLNM) were employed to evaluate the effect of extreme temperatures on TB incidence risk in Shantou, a coastal city in China, spanning from 2014 to 2021. Daily TB case data were provided by the Shantou Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Institute. Daily meteorological information was sourced from the Reliable Prognosis website, while daily air pollutant data were obtained from the China Air Quality Online Monitoring and Analysis Platform.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed a significant association between extreme temperatures and TB incidence, with the impact peaking at a lag of 27 days after exposure. Notably, extreme cold temperatures led to a temporary decrease in TB incidence with a lag of 1-2 days. Subgroup analysis indicated that males had a notably higher risk of TB under extreme temperature conditions compared to females. Additionally, individuals aged 65 years and above showed a significant cumulative effect in such conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This research enhances our comprehension of the effects of extreme temperatures on TB in coastal cities and carries substantial public health implications for TB prevention in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":13761,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personal inhalable paper dust exposure and potential determinants among paper industry workers in Ethiopia.","authors":"Ararso Tafese, Abera Kumie, Teferi Abegaz, Samson Wakuma Abaya, Bente E Moen, Wakgari Deressa, Magne Bråtveit","doi":"10.1007/s00420-024-02097-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00420-024-02097-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Excessive paper dust during paper production may harm the workers' respiratory health. We wanted to assess the inhalable paper dust levels and its determinants among paper industry workers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A study was conducted in Ethiopia to assess the level of personal inhalable paper dust exposure among four paper mills. A total of 150 samples were collected using the IOM sampler attached to Side Kick Casella pumps at a flow rate of 2 L/min. The samples were analyzed in Nemko Norlab, Norway. Linear mixed-effect models were applied to identify determinants of inhalable paper dust.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The geometric mean of personal inhalable paper dust was 3.3 mg/m³ with 80% of the measurements exceeding the Swedish occupational exposure limit (OEL) of 2 mg/m³. The linear mixed-effects model showed that the level of dust was 28% higher when using high-speed than when using low-speed rewinding machines, while paper mills with an average of more than four machines per job group had 22% higher exposure than paper mills with a lower number of machines. Furthermore, working in packing and preparation was associated with higher dust exposure than in other areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The dust exposure levels were above the Swedish OEL for 80% of the samples. This indicates that preventive measures should be established in the industry. The exposure model identified high-speed rewinding machines, a high number of machines, and work in preparation and packing as associated with high levels of paper dust exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":13761,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141971055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between dust exposure and lung function levels in steelworkers: mediation analysis of inflammatory biomarkers.","authors":"Yizhan Zheng, Jiaqi Hu, Jiaqi Chen, Huan Wang, Ziqi Zhao, Hongmin Zhu, Zheng Li, Nan Wang, Xinyang Chen, Mingyue Liu, Zhenghao Luo, Shangmingzhu Zhang, Haoruo Zhang, Xiaoqing Xuan, Xiaoming Li, Ling Xue, Guoli Wang, Jianhui Wu","doi":"10.1007/s00420-024-02101-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00420-024-02101-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This investigation aimed to examine the mediating effect of inflammatory biomarkers on the relationship between dust exposure and lung function levels among steelworkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study comprised 2,315 front-line workers employed at an iron and steel company in Tangshan, who underwent occupational health assessments through cluster sampling. Demographic and lifestyle data were collected via a self-administered questionnaire, while physical examinations measured parameters such as height and weight. Lung function was assessed using a portable pulmonary function tester (CHEST). Blood cell counts were uniformly analyzed using a Mindray fully automated biochemistry analyzer (BS-800). Inflammatory biomarkers, including leukocyte count, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, and platelet count, were assessed, and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and systemic immune inflammation index were computed. Generalized linear models and Spearman rank correlation analyses were employed to explore the interplay among dust exposure, inflammatory biomarkers, and alterations in lung function. A mediation analysis model was constructed to elucidate how inflammatory biomarkers mediate the relationship between dust exposure and lung function levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for covariates, dust exposure was significantly associated with reduced lung function levels, with statistically significant differences observed between dust-exposed and non-exposed groups across various lung function indicators (P < 0.001). In the dust-exposed group, inflammatory biomarkers were elevated, showing significant correlations with FVC and FEV₁ (P < 0.05). However, the correlation between FEV₁/FVC and various inflammatory biomarkers was insignificant (P > 0.05). Mediation analysis revealed that white blood cells and neutrophils partially mediated the association between dust exposure and FVC, with proportions of 1.75% and 1.09%, respectively. Similarly, white blood cells, neutrophils, and the systemic immune inflammation index partially mediated the association between dust exposure and FEV₁, with proportions of 1.15%, 0.82%, and 0.82%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, dust exposure poses a risk for decreased lung function levels. Inflammatory biomarkers derived from blood cells offer a valuable and easily obtainable means of identifying changes in lungfunction levels. Among these biomarkers, white blood cells, neutrophils, and the systemic immune inflammation index significantly mediate the association between dust exposure and lung function levels, although further exploration is needed to understand their underlying mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":13761,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142286339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Musculoskeletal disorders and quality of life of artisanal fishermen from riverside localities in the Brazilian Amazon.","authors":"Messias de Lima Macedo, Fernando José Herkrath, Silas Nery de Oliveira, Jansen Atier Estrázulas","doi":"10.1007/s00420-024-02106-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-024-02106-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Artisanal fishing is widely practiced in the Amazon region. However, the exhaustive labor demand impacts on the health of fishermen. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and the relationship with the quality of life (QoL) of artisanal fishermen.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was carried out, evaluating male fishermen from two rural communities bordering Janauacá lake, Amazonas. Data were collected through interviews, using REDCap installed on smartphones. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was utilized to identify the body regions with the greatest pain complaints, and QoL was assessed using the mental and physical components of the SF-12. After the descriptive analysis, linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between the occurrence of MSDs and the components of QoL. The analyses were performed using Stata SE software, version 17.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 115 fishermen were evaluated. MSDs were reported in all of the body regions assessed, with a higher prevalence in the lower (80.0%) and upper (43.5%) back, and knee (40.9%). Lower QoL scores were observed in emotional performance (20.7 ± 4.0), physical performance (25.1 ± 4.3), and mental health (29.0 ± 13.6). It was observed that individuals with any MSD presented worse QoL in the physical component (β_adj=-5.0; 95%CI=-9.7; -0.3).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings showed a high prevalence of MSDs in the study population, as well as its impact on the QoL of artisanal fishermen. This highlights the need to reorganize health services to prevent the occurrence of MSDs, as well as for their treatment and rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13761,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142562741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air quality disparities and respiratory health risks in critically polluted and relatively non-polluted areas: a prospective child health study.","authors":"Rekha Kashyap, Ankit Sheth, Rupal Thasale, Moinuddin Mansuri, Ankit Viramgami","doi":"10.1007/s00420-024-02105-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00420-024-02105-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Air pollution, a significant global health concern, notably impacts human well-being. Children, owing to their distinctive physiology and behavior, are particularly susceptible to its adverse effects. This prospective study examines air quality variations and respiratory risks in children residing in critically polluted areas (CPA) compared to relatively non-polluted areas (NPA), utilizing a prospective design to understand the impacts of air pollution on children's respiratory health, including measures like relative risk (RR) and attributable risk (AR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study tracked 739 students of 5th- 7th grade residing in CPA and NPA for one year, and measured the ambient and indoor air quality levels in both these areas. Throughout the study, based on the observed respiratory symptoms new episodes of upper and lower respiratory tract illnesses were recorded for each child on a weekly basis. Incidence rate, RR and AR for both the illnesses were compared. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 26.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study observes higher concentration for particulate matter and gaseous pollutants at CPA in comparison to NPA. Children living in CPA exhibited a notably greater weekly occurrence of both upper and lower respiratory tract illnesses compared to those in NPA, with RR of 1.26 (95% CI: 1.16-1.37) and 1.74 (95% CI: 1.34-2.27), respectively. The AR associated with air pollution for upper and lower respiratory tract illnesses among CPA students was found to be 20.7% and 42.7%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research underscores the pressing need to address air pollution in critically polluted areas and its profound effects on children's respiratory health. Public health interventions, such as reducing emissions from industries and creating green spaces, should be prioritized. Furthermore, early respiratory health screening in schools within polluted areas could aid in the timely diagnosis and management of respiratory issues in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":13761,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher anxiety level and associated work-related factors of delivery workers in South Korea: from the 6th Korean working conditions survey.","authors":"Sungjin Park, June-Hee Lee","doi":"10.1007/s00420-024-02092-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00420-024-02092-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates anxiety risk and work-related factors among platform workers. The recent growth in the platform industry is a worldwide trend, with delivery workers in Korea representing typical platform workers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study used the 6th Korean Working Conditions Survey to assess anxiety risk among 532 delivery workers compared to general employees. It identified associations between work-related factors and anxiety, including job demands and autonomy, legal protection, and emotional labor.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Delivery workers exhibited significantly higher anxiety (odds ratio [OR] = 1.67 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.23-2.28) and work-related anxiety (OR = 2.17 95% CI = 1.48-3.18) risk than the general workforce, and a significantly higher risk of having unfavorable work environment factors. Their anxiety risk was significantly associated with work-related factors, such as long shifts, quick return, time pressure, job stress, absence of union, work-family conflict, and emotional labor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identified high levels of anxiety among Korean delivery workers and associated occupational factors. It highlights the importance for industry and government interventions to enhance mental health support, mitigate poor employment conditions, and ensure legal safeguards.</p>","PeriodicalId":13761,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141765987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of air pollution on global health: evidence from the global burden of disease study in the BRICS countries.","authors":"Deepak Kumar Behera, Pozhamkandath Karthiayani Viswanathan, Sanghamitra Mishra","doi":"10.1007/s00420-024-02087-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00420-024-02087-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Considering the dynamic influence of environmental, social, economic, and political factors in the emergence and growth of the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) over the years and pre-existing differences, the adverse effects of air pollution on the health and well-being of the people have remained major areas of academic inquiry and policy interventions. The present study examines the global trend of deaths and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) attributable to air pollution with particular reference to the BRICS countries for the period 1990 to 2019.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study has used the global burden of disease estimates by using different rounds of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study report published by the Institute of Health Metrics Evaluation. This study has calculated the cause of death and DALYs due to environmental risk factors (i.e. Air pollution). Data analysis has been done by using the standard formula for the calculation of death (mortality) rate and DALYs rate. Similarly, we calculated the age and gender-wise death and DALYs rate by using the appropriate numerator and denominator.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study discovered a significant shift in disease patterns over this period, as communicable diseases like respiratory infections and tuberculosis were replaced by non-communicable diseases such as ischemic heart disease (17.2 million), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (14.59 million), and stroke (17.02 million) as the primary causes of air pollution-related deaths in 2019 at the global level. Additionally, the study identified a worrying increase in deaths linked to neonatal disorders and respiratory infections caused by ambient particulate matter pollution in South Africa, India, and Brazil. The impact of air pollution on public health is evident across different age groups and genders, with people aged 50-69 years, those aged 70 and above, and children under 5 years being more vulnerable. Furthermore, the male population is disproportionately affected by communicable and noncommunicable diseases caused by air pollution.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights the need for policymakers to implement evidence-based interventions to tackle this global health problem. The interventions should aim to reduce the emerging crisis of non-communicable diseases related to air pollution, particularly among vulnerable age groups and the male population, ultimately improving public health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13761,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11485188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141590233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}