International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health最新文献

{"title":"The relationship between workplace risk assessments and measures to manage psychosocial risks at work: findings from ESENER.","authors":"David Beck, Morten Wahrendorf, Sabine Sommer, Mariann Rigó, Uwe Lenhardt, Thorsten Lunau","doi":"10.1007/s00420-025-02158-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00420-025-02158-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Workplace risk assessment (WRA) is crucial for the management of psychosocial risks at work (PSRM), but some enterprises may also implement PSRM measures without formal WRA, in particular small and micro enterprises. This study analyses the associations between WRA and PRSM, and whether the associations vary by company size.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data come from the European Survey of Enterprises on New and Emerging Risks (ESENER) collected at the enterprise level in the EU-28 countries in 2014 (n = 40,584) and 2019 (n = 39,711). We distinguish eight measures of PSRM, and assess whether companies conduct a comprehensive WRA that includes psychosocial risks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Many companies reported PSRM measures. The lowest rates were for \"intervention in the case of long working hours\" (2014: 26%, 2019: 32%), while the highest rates were for \"procedures in the case of threats\" (56%, 60%). Enterprises with a comprehensive WRA are more likely to implement measures (even after controlling for company size, industry, sector and country), but some enterprises have implemented PSRM even in the absence of a WRA, especially in 2014 or in smaller companies (5-49 employees). For example, findings suggest that in 2014 40% of the enterprises without a WRA have implemented \"procedures in the case of threats\" (2019: 46%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings underline the importance of a WRA that includes psychosocial risks as a means of implementing PSRM measures, but also advocates for a broader perspective that considers measures taken independently of legal occupational safety and health (OSH) standards, especially in small and micro enterprises.</p>","PeriodicalId":13761,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":"695-706"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12494631/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced lung function among non-smoking workers in the paper industry in Ethiopia: a comparative cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ararso Tafese, Bente E Moen, Abera Kumie, Samson Wakuma Abaya, Wakgari Deressa, Teferi Abegaz, Magne Bråtveit","doi":"10.1007/s00420-025-02163-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00420-025-02163-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Exposure to paper dust in the workplace might increase the risk of reduced lung function. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between paper dust exposure and lung function among workers in the paper industry in Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comparative cross-sectional study assessed lung function in workers exposed to dust in the paper industry and compared them with controls from the water bottling industry. Lung function tests were conducted using a portable spirometer. A job exposure matrix was developed to estimate cumulative exposure to inhalable paper dust. Analysis of covariance was performed to compare mean lung function between exposed and control groups and multivariate linear regression analysis was carried out for workers exposed to paper dust.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a significant difference in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁) between the groups. FEV₁ was 2.62 l in the exposed group, compared to 2.97 l in the control group. The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that cumulative paper dust exposure was associated with a reduction in both FEV₁ and forced vital capacity (FVC). Each unit increases in dust exposure (measured in mg year/m²) was associated with a 0.010 l decrease in both FEV₁ and FVC in females and a 0.005-liter decrease in males.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings indicate a significant exposure-response relationship between cumulative paper dust exposure and a decline in lung function with the effect being more pronounced among female workers than among males. Based on these results, we recommend the paper industry to implement effective dust control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13761,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":"721-729"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12494600/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying contributory risk factors for neck pain in fast jet aircrew: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"James B Wallace, Peter G Osmotherly, Tim J Gabbett, Wayne Spratford, Phil M Newman","doi":"10.1007/s00420-025-02162-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00420-025-02162-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Fast jet aircrew (FJA - aka fighter pilots, fighter aircrew) commonly suffer musculoskeletal complaints, particularly of the neck, which degrades operational capability and workforce health. Establishing injury aetiology is a prerequisite for developing effective preventative interventions. Our objective was to examine the aetiology of neck-related musculoskeletal complaint episodes (NRMCEs) among FJA across a range measures including physical capacity, psycho-social recovery-stress states, workload measures, and strength and conditioning (S&C) participation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>279 Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) FJA were followed over four 5-month reporting periods. Forty-four baseline measures and 26 weekly measures were analysed for their effect on weekly risk of NRMCEs. Mixed-effects logistic regression was used, potential confounders were adjusted for, and non-linear relationships were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>320 new NRMCEs were included with mean weekly prevalence of 4.1% (SD 2.3) and mean 5-month reporting period prevalence of 22.4% (range 15.3-28.5%). Previous neck pain, higher worry scores, larger acute flying workloads, more weekly flights, and larger acute and chronic S&C workloads, were factors identified to increase weekly risk of NRMCE. Significant non-linear effects were identified for chronic flying workloads, acute and chronic sleep quality scores, and absolute isometric strength of neck rotation and trunk flexion. Demographics, flying history, anthropometry measures, neck and trunk range of motion, and S&C participation, however, did not affect weekly risk of new NRMCE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings provide crucial support for the design of targeted prevention programs for FJA, ensuring they are both effective and efficient, which will in turn optimise operational capability.</p>","PeriodicalId":13761,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":"707-720"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12494672/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144855200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Association between shift/night work and irregular periods and period pain among two cohorts of Australian women 16 years apart: findings from the Australian longitudinal study on women's health.","authors":"Biresaw Wassihun, Alemu Michael Waller, Leigh R Tooth","doi":"10.1007/s00420-025-02156-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00420-025-02156-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13761,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":"775-776"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12494610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Air pollution and depression symptoms in middle-aged and older adults in Los Angeles County.","authors":"Nicole M Gatto, Marian Ramzy, Cecilia Rocha, Howard N Hodis, Fred Lurmann, Victor W Henderson, Wendy J Mack","doi":"10.1007/s00420-025-02165-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00420-025-02165-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Long-term exposure to air pollutants may be harmful to the brain, potentially through inducing oxidative stress or inflammation. Few studies of air pollution and depression have been conducted in the United States where this mental health disorder is prevalent among adults. We investigated associations between ambient air pollutants (O₃, PM_2.5 and NO₂) and depression symptoms in middle-aged and older adults (n = 1496) without cardiovascular disease or cognitive impairment in Los Angeles, California.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Air pollution exposures were assigned to residential addresses using a geographic information system with air quality monitoring data. The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CES-D) assessed depression symptoms at study entry. Carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) was obtained as a measure of subclinical atherosclerosis. Linear and Poisson regression models estimated cross-sectional associations between air pollutants and total CES-D score and suspected clinical depression (CES-D score ≥ 16) adjusting for potential confounders and examined effect modification by CIMT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher exposure to O₃, PM_2.5 and NO₂ overall were not cross-sectionally associated with higher CES-D total scores or CES-D score ≥ 16. However, the interaction between CIMT and PM_2.5 was statistically significant (β-interaction term = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.05, 1.97; p-value = 0.03). Adults with CIMT levels ≥ 0.77 mm had higher depression symptom prevalence as PM_2.5 increased (β = 0.04 per 10 µg/m³, 95% CI = -0.22, 0.30) while those with CIMT < 0.77 mm had lower prevalence (β = -0.18, 95% CI = -0.41, 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher O₃, PM_2.5 and NO₂ exposures were generally unassociated with depressive symptoms. Additional studies are needed to investigate whether persons with higher subclinical atherosclerosis are more susceptible to possible PM_2.5 effects on mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":13761,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":"731-741"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12494606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144953175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational hazards in veterinary practice: a 15-year review of Türkiye's official ınjury and disease data (2008-2023).","authors":"Ahmet Çabuk","doi":"10.1007/s00420-025-02168-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00420-025-02168-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13761,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":"743-755"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of personal risk factors in the occurrence of the hand-arm vibration syndrome: a pooled analysis of individual data from Italian cross-sectional and cohort studies.","authors":"Massimo Bovenzi, Federico Ronchese, Francesca Larese Filon, Enrico Marchetti, Angelo Tirabasso, Carlotta Massotti, Marco Tarabini","doi":"10.1007/s00420-025-02169-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00420-025-02169-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the role of personal risk factors in the occurrence of the vascular, neurological and fibroproliferative disorders of the hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) in workers groups exposed to hand-transmitted vibration (HTV).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HAVS prevalence and incidence data were pooled across a series of cross-sectional studies (total sample: 1272 HTV workers, 579 controls) and prospective cohort studies (total sample: 377 HTV workers, 138 controls) conducted in Central and North-Eastern Italy. The pooled studies included detailed individual-level information about HTV exposure, personal risk factors, medical comorbidities and HAVS disorders. Vibration exposures were evaluated according to the recommendations of ISO standards.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pooled studies revealed dose-response relationships between HTV exposure and the vascular and neurological components of HAVS. Older age, excessive alcohol intake, and comorbid conditions such as metabolic disorders, traumas/surgery to the neck and upper limbs, and disorders of the cervical spine were differentially associated with HAVS outcomes. Higher BMI had a protective effect on vascular disorders. Data modelling showed no significant interactions between HTV exposure and personal risk factors in the occurrence of upper limb disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The pooled analysis of epidemiological studies with individualised work, personal, and medical data confirmed that HTV exposure is a primary occupational risk factor for disorders in the fingers and hands of users of vibratory tools. Ageing and some personal factors connected to lifestyles and comorbidities were associated with an increased risk for upper limb disorders in HTV workers. Occupational and personal risk factors tended to contribute independently of each other to adverse outcomes in operators of hand-held vibrating machinery.</p>","PeriodicalId":13761,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":"757-774"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12494641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time trend of urine metal levels in preschool children in the electronic waste recycling area and its association with hemoglobin levels.","authors":"Rongyi Kang, Jieting Chen, Kaihui Li, Rui Sun, Jian Zhang, Chenxu Dai, Xijin Xu, Bo Xie, William W Au, Lei Tan, Xia Huo","doi":"10.1007/s00420-025-02166-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-025-02166-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>E-waste recycling releases toxic metals into the environment, posing a considerable threat to children's health. Since 2012, China has implemented strict regulations and import controls on the e-waste industry. This study investigates the six-year trends of urinary metal levels and health risks in preschool children, including exposure levels, health risks, and association with hemoglobin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 762 preschool children in Guiyu, China. We measured levels of 20 urinary metals and hemoglobin levels. To explore the independent and joint associations between metals and hemoglobin, multiple linear regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression models were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most metals decreased significantly over the period, but some metals remained relatively constant or even increased. Among the metals, lead may be a potential biomarker for e-waste control. The Hazard Index of four metals (nickel, arsenic, cadmium, and lead) exceeded 1 for 98.3% of children. The carcinogenic risk of nickel and arsenic exceeded the threshold for every child and 99.1% of children, respectively. Urinary metal and excretion levels were higher in female. Single metal and mixture metal exposures were significantly correlated with hemoglobin levels and highlight the gender-specific associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Urinary metal levels showed a significant downward trend over time under e-waste control, but the risks from nickel and arsenic remain concerning. Female children face higher risks from metal exposure and elevated hemoglobin levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":13761,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145149031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Work-related risk factors of sleep apnea: evidence from the Korean work, sleep, and health study.","authors":"Heejoo Ko, Seong-Sik Cho, Hye-Eun Lee, Jeehee Min, Mo-Yeol Kang","doi":"10.1007/s00420-025-02173-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-025-02173-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Occupational exposures are hypothesized to contribute to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk, yet evidence from large, population-based studies remains scarce. This study aimed to investigate the association between a wide range of work-related factors and sleep apnea risk among Korean workers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from the Korean Work, Sleep, and Health Study (KWSHS), a nationwide longitudinal panel survey conducted between 2022 and 2024. Work-related exposures included long working hours, shift work, occupational stress, emotional labor, physical or chemical hazards, and ergonomic factors. Sleep apnea risk was assessed using the Berlin Questionnaire. To account for repeated measurements within individuals, generalized estimating equation models were applied to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for age, sex, and occupation. Subgroup analyses were performed according to obesity status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 8,976 workers, long working hours (> 52 h per week; OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.04-1.43), high occupational stress (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.76-2.12), high emotional labor (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.50-2.02), physical or chemical exposures (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.25-1.50), and ergonomic strains (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.25-1.48) were significantly associated with increased odds of high sleep apnea risk. Shift work was not significantly associated with OSA risk, which may be partially explained by the healthy worker effect or adaptation among long-term shift workers. Associations with physical and chemical exposures were stronger among non-obese participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Work-related psychosocial and environmental factors contribute meaningfully to sleep apnea risk. Addressing workplace conditions may represent an important strategy for sleep apnea prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":13761,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145137306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noise-induced hearing impairments in Iranian airlines pilots: risk factors and occupational comparisons.","authors":"Asghar Akhavan, Mahdieh Hasanalifard, Reyhaneh Abolghasemi","doi":"10.1007/s00420-025-02170-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-025-02170-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>After vision, hearing is the most important sensory mechanism for obtaining essential and critical information during flight operations. Pilots are at risk of hearing loss due to exposure to excessive noise which usually causes permanent and incurable hearing damage. This study investigated the hearing status of Iranian pilots and explored the relationship between the severity of their impairment, age, work experience and flight hours.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, eligible pilots were selected. Demographic information, job characteristics, flight hours and auditory complaints were collected. Subsequently, the pilots underwent hearing tests (Pure tone Audiometry) and the hearing threshold was measured at different frequencies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>the study involved 100 pilots (57 fixed-wing pilots and 43 helicopter pilots) with the mean age of 47.77 ± 7.53 years (28-64 years). The average and standard deviation of work experience in all the studied subjects was equal to 24.84 ± 8.44 years. 55 pilots had no auditory impairments, while 45 were diagnosed with some form of hearing impairment. The findings indicate that older age, longer work experience, and more flight hours are significantly associated with greater hearing impairments. Individuals with any level of hearing impairment (slight to mild) had higher age, more work experience, and flight hours compared to those with normal hearing. Helicopter pilots exhibited higher hearing loss severity across frequencies compared to fixed-wing pilots, with statistically significant differences at 2000 Hz for the left ear and 1000, 2000, and 3000 Hz for the right ear. The comparison between the two ears showed that the hearing threshold in any of the flight devices (fixed wing or helicopter), in any of the investigated frequencies, has no significant difference between the left and right ears.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exposure to loud noise during flights can significantly impact the hearing of pilots. The severity of hearing loss in helicopter pilots is higher across all frequencies compared to fixed-wing pilots. Increased age, work experience, and flight hours are significantly associated with higher severity of hearing loss in both ears. Regular auditory assessments for pilots, especially helicopter pilots, are essential for early detection and monitoring of noise-induced hearing loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":13761,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}