Caitlin Sapp, Allison Duplain, Ryan W McCreery, Karen Brennhofer, Elizabeth A Walker
{"title":"Degree-based and functional descriptions of paediatric hearing loss: a retrospective chart review.","authors":"Caitlin Sapp, Allison Duplain, Ryan W McCreery, Karen Brennhofer, Elizabeth A Walker","doi":"10.1080/14992027.2026.2732559","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14992027.2026.2732559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The report from a paediatric audiology assessment is a lasting record of clinical events and a channel for sharing information about hearing loss, but we lack information about current practices in this area.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We completed a retrospective chart review from infants with congenital hearing loss.</p><p><strong>Study sample: </strong>We analysed 374 reports to investigate how audiologists described hearing loss using a closed category set based on the level of descriptive information provided. We also analysed which child-level and clinic-level factors predict a report category.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most reports described hearing loss using degree-based descriptions only (<i>n</i> = 238, 63.6%). Reports describing implications of hearing loss <i>(n</i> = 99, 26.5%) were 2.34 times more likely to have come from a paediatric facility compared to a lifespan facility (95% CI = 1.9-6.4). Overall, the writing in reports exceeded reading level recommendations for those with low literacy (average reading grade level 11.56 [SD = 1.39] indicating difficult-very difficult).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study reveals variability in how audiologists describe infant hearing loss after diagnosis. Audiologists in paediatric facilities include functional descriptions more often in their clinical reports than audiologists in lifespan practices. Overall, reports may be challenging for families to read and use to develop a care plan.</p>","PeriodicalId":13759,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pádraig T Kitterick, Justin A Zakis, Catherine Kwok, Matthew Croteau, Jessica J M Monaghan, Debabrata Mishra, Jason Gavrilis, Sriram Boothalingam, Stuart D J Packer, Sanna Hou, Angela Wong, Vicky W Zhang, Qingqing Meng, Vijayalakshmi Easwar, Isabel A O'Keeffe, Jermy Pang, Vivienne Marnane, Jenni De Luca Bamber, Genevieve Olencewicz, Lai Peng Chiang, Simone Y Gillette, Riza Ozonuk, Paola Incerti, Pelle Söderström, Kate L Rutledge, Weicong Li, Phillip Nakad, Xiaoyin Shang, Brent Edwards
{"title":"A new approach to hearing aid gain prescription for listening in noise: the NAL-NL3 Comfort in Noise Module.","authors":"Pádraig T Kitterick, Justin A Zakis, Catherine Kwok, Matthew Croteau, Jessica J M Monaghan, Debabrata Mishra, Jason Gavrilis, Sriram Boothalingam, Stuart D J Packer, Sanna Hou, Angela Wong, Vicky W Zhang, Qingqing Meng, Vijayalakshmi Easwar, Isabel A O'Keeffe, Jermy Pang, Vivienne Marnane, Jenni De Luca Bamber, Genevieve Olencewicz, Lai Peng Chiang, Simone Y Gillette, Riza Ozonuk, Paola Incerti, Pelle Söderström, Kate L Rutledge, Weicong Li, Phillip Nakad, Xiaoyin Shang, Brent Edwards","doi":"10.1080/14992027.2026.2725523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14992027.2026.2725523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the development and evaluation of the NAL-NL3 Comfort in Noise Module; a new algorithm for determining hearing-aid gain that is part of the NAL-NL3 fitting system.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Single-site multi-study design with each study and subsequent perceptual modelling informing refinements to module gain targets. Participants completed laboratory studies to investigate gain preferences and to evaluate the effect of the module on speech understanding in noise. Participants also completed real-world evaluations using a smartphone-based Ecological Momentary Assessment app with different brands of hearing aids.</p><p><strong>Study sample: </strong>83 adult hearing aid users with mild to severe hearing loss.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The new module selectively reduced gain (compared with the NAL-NL3 Prescription) by imposing a limit on the total loudness. Iterative refinements led to progressive increases in user preferences favouring the new module over the NAL-NL3 Prescription in noise with respect to listening comfort. Laboratory-based testing identified no detrimental impact on speech perception in noise.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reducing the level of prescribed gain for hearing aid users in noise compared to in quiet improves comfort without significantly degrading speech understanding. This work supports the broader philosophy of the NAL-NL3 fitting system to provide specialised targets for different populations, situations and device technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13759,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149001874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jacqueline Young, Harriet Withey, Steven Bell, Annabel Thomas, Sian Lickess, Abby Milchard
{"title":"Parent and audiologist perspectives on personalised hearing loss simulations: implications for counselling and children's hearing aid use.","authors":"Jacqueline Young, Harriet Withey, Steven Bell, Annabel Thomas, Sian Lickess, Abby Milchard","doi":"10.1080/14992027.2026.2727788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14992027.2026.2727788","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore parent and audiologist perspectives on personalised hearing loss simulations in paediatric audiology, and to assess the impact of simulations on data-logged hearing aid use in children under 11.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A mixed-methods retrospective review of anonymised clinical records following the introduction of a hearing loss simulator into standard care. Data included child age and hearing level, hearing aid datalogging, parents' responses to the simulations and questionnaires completed by audiologists.</p><p><strong>Study sample: </strong>85 records were reviewed. Datalogging was available for 52 children.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most parents opted to hear the simulation (94%), and nearly all found it helpful (97%), irrespective of their child's hearing level. The simulation offered parents insight beyond previous descriptors, modifying their understanding of their child's experience. It prompted conversations about emotions, behaviour, and hearing aid use. Audiologists felt simulations were helpful for parents but could lead to challenging conversations. Children's hours of hearing aid use did not change significantly after their parents heard the simulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Parents say that a personalised simulation of their child's hearing is helpful. The simulation is an effective counselling tool, acceptable to both parents and audiologists. However, sharing a simulation, did not increase daily hearing aid use in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":13759,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148929928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marina Tareq Mahafza, Wayne J Wilson, Louise Hickson, Sandra Brauer, Barbra H B Timmer
{"title":"Perspectives of audiologists on the management of vestibular balance problems in adults.","authors":"Marina Tareq Mahafza, Wayne J Wilson, Louise Hickson, Sandra Brauer, Barbra H B Timmer","doi":"10.1080/14992027.2026.2725522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14992027.2026.2725522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the evolving role of audiologists in the assessment and treatment of vestibular balance problems (VBPs) and to identify their perspectives on current practices, barriers, and opportunities for service development.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A mixed methods study comprising an online survey and semi-structured interviews.</p><p><strong>Study sample: </strong>116 audiologists from 21 countries completed the survey (Jordan [<i>n</i> = 34], Australia [<i>n</i> = 25], United Kingdom [<i>n</i> = 9], Singapore and South Africa [<i>n</i> = 7 each], the United States [<i>n</i> = 6], and 15 other countries [n < 5 each]). Nine participants (Australia [<i>n</i> = 5], Jordan [<i>n</i> = 3], and South Africa [<i>n</i> = 1]) completed follow-up interviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Involvement in VBP assessment exceeded that in treatment, reflected in higher rates of training, activity, and confidence. Treatment was less commonly provided and more frequently referred to physiotherapists and ENTs. While most participants considered VBP management within scope of practice, interview findings revealed cross-country variation in role perception. Key barriers included limited practical training, low confidence in treatment delivery, restricted access to equipment and emerging technologies, and systemic constraints such as unclear referral pathways and poor reimbursement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Audiologists remain more engaged in assessment than treatment of VBP. Addressing gaps in structured training, role clarity, and system-level support is required to enable greater participation of audiologists in multidisciplinary care.</p>","PeriodicalId":13759,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148911833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using the \"Hearing Stages\" tool to optimise hearing management options.","authors":"Cathy Sucher, Robert H Eikelboom","doi":"10.1080/14992027.2026.2707773","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14992027.2026.2707773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Investigate the benefits of using the Hearing Stages tool to raise awareness, and uptake of appropriate hearing loss management options.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The tool was introduced into hearing aid clinics (<i>n</i> = 16) during a 12-month pilot study. Hearing Health Care providers (HHCPs) discussed the tool and recorded a hearing stage for adults attending hearing appointments. Experience using the tool was assessed via online surveys. A subgroup of individuals whose hearing results suggested potential benefit from cochlear implants (CI) were reviewed to determine if using the tool increased referrals for CI evaluation.</p><p><strong>Study sample: </strong>Adults (≥18 years) attending 19,102 hearing appointments. Adult HHCPs using the tool in clinic (<i>n</i> = 35).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hearing stages were recorded during 2057 of 19,102 hearing appointments. A subset of clients completed a pre-appointment (<i>n</i> = 188) and post-appointment (<i>n</i> = 58) experience survey. Seven HHCPs completed a separate online experience survey. The tool prompted discussion about hearing management options prior to and during appointments and significantly improved referral rates for CI evaluation. Clients found the tool useful and easy to use. Further work is required to integrate the tool into the clinical setting.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Hearing Stages tool is an easy-to-use, useful tool facilitating consideration of various hearing management options.</p>","PeriodicalId":13759,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148880297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuai Nie, Xing Wang, Junzhi Wu, Jiaying Li, Ningyu Wang, Juan Zhang
{"title":"The acoustic change complex evoked by location-change sounds in the elderly.","authors":"Shuai Nie, Xing Wang, Junzhi Wu, Jiaying Li, Ningyu Wang, Juan Zhang","doi":"10.1080/14992027.2024.2391408","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14992027.2024.2391408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We have shown that the acoustic change complex (ACC) can be elicited by changing the horizontal sound location in young individuals. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the application of ACC within the elderly and its relationship with behavioural results.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The minimum audible angle (MAA), as well as onset cortical auditory evoked potentials (onset-CAEPs) and ACC elicited by the stimuli of location-change white noise (±45 to ±2 degrees) were recorded. Latencies and amplitudes were analysed using repeated-measures ANOVA. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between ACC and MAA.</p><p><strong>Study sample: </strong>Ten older adults with normal hearing (NH) and twenty with presbycusis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ACC was effectively elicited with angular variations in elderly participants. The onset-CAEP N1 latency, ACC N1'-P2' amplitude, and N1' latency were all associated with the angle shifts, with the N1' latency being the most predictive factor for angle discrimination. The consistency between MAA and ACC made them complementary for the clinical evaluation of sound localisation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The utilisation of ACC, evoked by location-change sounds, presented a promising clinical objective measure for evaluating sound localisation abilities in the elderly.</p>","PeriodicalId":13759,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1009-1018"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142004177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sandra L Velandia, Sandra M Prentiss, Diane M Martinez, Chrisanda M Sanchez, Denise Laffitte-Lopez, Hillary A Snapp
{"title":"Classification performance of Spanish and English word recognition testing to identify cochlear implant candidates.","authors":"Sandra L Velandia, Sandra M Prentiss, Diane M Martinez, Chrisanda M Sanchez, Denise Laffitte-Lopez, Hillary A Snapp","doi":"10.1080/14992027.2024.2427854","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14992027.2024.2427854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the effects of language on word recognition ability and associated access to cochlear implants in Spanish- and English-speakers with hearing loss.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective chart review.</p><p><strong>Study sample: </strong>The study included 1411 English and Spanish-speaking adults with sensorineural hearing loss. Word recognition as a function of pure-tone average was evaluated by test language. Sensitivity and specificity of word recognition testing performed using the NU-6 and Spanish Bisyllables in discriminating between cochlear implant and non-cochlear implant candidates were analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Spanish-speakers had significantly poorer thresholds compared to English-speakers, yet significantly better word recognition, t(2763) = 1.86<i>, p</i> < 0.05. The effect of test language on word recognition increased with increasing hearing loss severity, F(3,<i> </i>2762) = 6.03,<i> p</i> < 0.001, partial η<sup>2</sup> = .007. The sensitivity and specificity of word recognition testing were 93% and 74% respectively for Spanish, and 95% and 75%, respectively, for English word recognition tests in meeting referral criteria for cochlear implant evaluation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on classification performance analysis, Spanish and English word recognition measures exhibit comparable effectiveness in referring patients for cochlear implant evaluation. While Spanish-language measures yielded better performance, this does not result in a significant difference in referral rates for Spanish versus English speakers for unaided word recognition scores of 60% or less.</p>","PeriodicalId":13759,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1036-1042"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142835623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ibrahim Almufarrij, Nasreen Sindi, Anna Pepler, Kevin J Munro
{"title":"Is the role of probe-tube, real-ear measurements changing for adults with mild-to-moderate hearing loss?","authors":"Ibrahim Almufarrij, Nasreen Sindi, Anna Pepler, Kevin J Munro","doi":"10.1080/14992027.2024.2435588","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14992027.2024.2435588","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study compared the deviation from target before and after fine tuning using probe-tube real-ear measurements (REMs). This was done to investigate if recent findings (e.g., little additional benefit of REMs in adults fitted with Oticon hearing aids) generalise to a different manufacturer's fitting software.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective analysis of clinical fitting data of the Initial Fit (IF) using NAL-NL2 and after REMs.</p><p><strong>Study sample: </strong>The fitting data of 256 new adult hearing aid users with mild-to-moderate hearing loss were analysed.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>REMs did not reduce the median deviation from target compared to IF for 65 dB SPL input level, except at 4 kHz where fine tuning resulted in a lower underfit (-2 dB vs. -5 dB). The range of deviations was not reduced after fine tuning, except at 2 and 4 kHz where the distributions were narrower for REM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings confirm that improvements in fitting software mean there is less evidence that REMs and fine-tuning improve the match to target for many new fittings in adults with mild-to-moderate hearing loss. Further research is needed to generalise the findings to other manufacturers, input levels and prescription methods. Future studies should integrate perceptual and financial dimensions to comprehensively understand the benefits and trade-offs of REM for average and outlier users.</p>","PeriodicalId":13759,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1050-1054"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chris Bang Sørensen, Adrian Bardhi, Ellen Raben Pedersen, Jesper Hvass Schmidt, Christos Sidiras, Jacob Nielsen
{"title":"Development and evaluation of a novel user-operated slider-based audiometry method.","authors":"Chris Bang Sørensen, Adrian Bardhi, Ellen Raben Pedersen, Jesper Hvass Schmidt, Christos Sidiras, Jacob Nielsen","doi":"10.1080/14992027.2024.2396523","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14992027.2024.2396523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate a novel user-operated audiometry method allowing users full control in determining their pure-tone hearing thresholds.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Comparative study. Participants were recruited from a hearing clinic after undergoing manual audiometry (six frequencies). They then performed test-retests of a new test (slider audiometry, eight frequencies) and completed the System Usability Scale questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Study sample: </strong>37 adult participants, including 30 hearing-impaired and seven normal-hearing individuals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean (SD) threshold differences for octave frequencies between 250 to 2000 Hz between manual and slider audiometry ranged from -7.8 (6.6) to -5.7 (6.5) dB and were significant. For 4000 and 8000 Hz mean differences were -0.3 (8.4) and 0.0 (9.7) dB and insignificant. Standard deviations ranged from 6.5 to 9.7 dB across six tested frequencies. Slider test-retest mean threshold differences ranged from -1.4 (4.7) to 0.3 (6.0) dB across eight tested frequencies, with standard deviations ranging from 4.1 to 8.5 dB. The average usability score for the slider audiometry was 88.3.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>When compared to manual audiometry, the slider audiometry demonstrated validity at 4000 and 8000 Hz but found significantly lower thresholds for octave frequencies between 250 to 2000 Hz. Test-retests of the new method revealed small mean differences and acceptable SDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13759,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1019-1027"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integrated speech audiometry: objective and subjective performance of elderly listeners.","authors":"Jerry Punch, Brad Rakerd","doi":"10.1080/14992027.2024.2425998","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14992027.2024.2425998","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was conducted to assess the ecological validity of the speech audiometry protocol recommended by Punch and Rakerd (2019) when implemented in older adults with hearing impairment. That protocol measures a listener's speech recognition threshold (SRT), most comfortable loudness level for speech (MCL), and uncomfortable loudness level for speech (UCL) in an integrated format that utilises single spondaic words as the stimulus set for all tests.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Stimulus presentation and response collection were fully automated, test times were tracked electronically, and a short questionnaire was administered to assess subjective reactions to the test procedures.</p><p><strong>Study sample: </strong>The study participants were 12 older adults with bilaterally symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SRT measurements for both ears agreed well with the participants' two-frequency pure tone averages, and MCL and UCL measurements agreed well with previously reported values for individuals with similar degrees of sensorineural hearing loss. The average time to complete bilateral speech audiometric testing was 13.1 minutes. Participants' subjective reactions to the integrated protocol were highly positive.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates that older listeners with sensorineural hearing loss can produce clinically acceptable speech audiometric results when testing is administered in an automated sequence prescribed by the integrated protocol.</p>","PeriodicalId":13759,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Audiology","volume":" ","pages":"1028-1035"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142800225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}