International endodontic journal最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of the performance of ChatGPT-4 and ChatGPT-4o as a learning tool in endodontics.","authors":"Esra Arılı Öztürk, Ceren Turan Gökduman, Burhan Can Çanakçi","doi":"10.1111/iej.14217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.14217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and consistency of responses given by two different versions of Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT), ChatGPT-4, and ChatGPT-4o, to multiple-choice questions prepared from undergraduate endodontic education topics at different times of the day and on different days.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>In total, 60 multiple-choice, text-based questions from 6 topics of undergraduate endodontic education were prepared. Each question was asked to ChatGPT-4 and ChatGPT-4o 3 times a day (morning, noon, and evening) and for 3 consecutive days. The accuracy and consistency of AIs were compared using SPSS and R programs (p < .05, 95% confidence interval).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The accuracy rate of ChatGPT-4o (92.8%) was significantly higher than that of ChatGPT-4 (81.7%; p < .001). The question groups affected the accuracy rates of both AIs (p < .001). The times at which the questions were asked did not affect the accuracy of either AI (p > .05). There was no statistically significant difference in the consistency rate between ChatGPT-4 and ChatGPT-4o (p = .123). The question groups did not affect the consistency of either AI, too (p > .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>According to the results of this study, the accuracy of ChatGPT-4o was better than that of ChatGPT-4. These findings demonstrate that AI chatbots can be used in dental education. However, it is also necessary to consider the limitations and potential risks associated with AI.</p>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence and healing of apical periodontitis in patients with autoimmune diseases.","authors":"Francesco Mannocci, Garrit Koller, Sushmita Ravindran","doi":"10.1111/iej.14214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.14214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Apical periodontitis (AP) is a common and clinically significant oral health condition, associated with an inflammatory response to infections within the root canal system. As patients retain natural teeth for longer, managing AP becomes more complex. Whilst generally effective, endodontic treatment outcomes can vary considerably in individuals with systemic health conditions, such as autoimmune diseases. The intersection of systemic inflammation, immune dysfunction and pharmacological treatments of the different diseases raises important questions about how autoimmune diseases influence AP prevalence and healing. This article examines current evidence on this interplay, its clinical implications and the need for tailored endodontic approaches in patients with autoimmune diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How epigenetics and miRNA affect gene expression in dental pulp inflammation: A narrative review.","authors":"Milo Väisänen, Päivi Siukosaari, Leo Tjäderhane","doi":"10.1111/iej.14211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.14211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulpitis, an inflammatory condition of the dental pulp, typically arises due to caries. It can remain asymptomatic for extended periods, complicating its diagnosis. The inflammatory response induced by bacterial invasion encompasses both cell-mediated and humoural immunity, accompanied by neural and vascular changes. The primary aim of inflammation is to eradicate invading pathogens from the pulp. However, failure to eliminate pathogens may result in necrosis of the pulp. Before direct bacterial contact with cells occurs, the pulp initiates protective responses like the formation of tertiary dentine. The interaction between bacterial surface proteins and specific receptors on pulp cells, primarily odontoblasts and dendritic cells, activates intracellular signalling pathways. These cascades, mediated by transcription factors, regulate gene expression and subsequent protein synthesis, thereby modulating the inflammatory response. In addition to proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators, microRNAs and epigenetic modifications play a key role in gene expression in dental pulp. Epigenetic changes including DNA methylation and histone modifications can occur within the pulp.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Dental pulp inflammation represents a highly intricate network of signalling pathways, messenger molecules and cellular interactions. The ongoing research continuously expands our understanding of these processes. The objective of this review is to investigate mechanisms of dental pulp inflammation, concentrating on the regulation of gene expression. This consists of transcription factors, microRNAs, epigenetic modifications and mitochondrial DNA, among others. This review aims to highlight recent findings about biomolecular and epigenetical mechanisms of pulpitis as well as their role in gene expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pulp inflammation is a complex series of events happening on a molecular and cellular level. Even though the pulp tissue is hardly examined in vivo, laboratory studies offer great new insights and potential for our understanding of its inflammatory mechanisms. Recognition of bacterial components by pulp cells is the initiator of overlapping signalling pathways that will eventually lead to gene activation or repression. Specific genes might be activated, resulting in the production of messenger molecules like cytokines and chemokines. Trending topics of medicine like microRNA and epigenetics are also discussed in the context of dentistry. This knowledge could be used to develop new therapeutics in endodontics.</p>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender diversity in endodontics: Women's representation at recent biennial meetings.","authors":"Ayse Karadayi, Fatima Betul Basturk","doi":"10.1111/iej.14212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.14212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Leadership opportunities within professional fields often include invitations to speak at major organizational meetings. However, the representation of speakers from underrepresented groups at annual scientific meetings of endodontic organizations has yet to be documented. This observational study aimed to evaluate the percentage of women invited to speak at selected endodontic organization meetings.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>The number of male and female keynote or invited speakers at the European Society of Endodontology (ESE), Asian Pacific Endodontic Confederation (APEC), and International Federation of Endodontic Associations (IFEA) conferences from 2013 to 2023 were recorded. A chi-square test was conducted to assess differences in the percentage of women speakers over time and among the three organizations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 714 keynote and invited speakers from the scientific meetings of the three endodontic organizations between 2013 and 2023 met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 601 (84.17%) were men, and 113 (15.83%) were women, reflecting a significant gender disparity (p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed between the organizations, nor was there a significant change in the number of women speakers over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Regardless of the organization or the timeframe, the number of women speakers at scientific meetings remains consistently lower than that of men, with no significant change observed over the past decade.</p>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A meta-analysis of calcium silicate-based cements and calcium hydroxide as promoters of hard tissue bridge formation","authors":"Emmanuel J. N. L. Silva,&nbsp;Karem P. Pinto,&nbsp;Fernanda N. S. J. Riche,&nbsp;Maristela G. H. Carestiato,&nbsp;Jorge N. R. Martins,&nbsp;Henry F. Duncan,&nbsp;Marco A. Versiani,&nbsp;Gustavo De-Deus","doi":"10.1111/iej.14210","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14210","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The formation of a reparative hard tissue bridge is a key indicator of defensive pulp response and successful vital pulp treatment (VPT); however, there is a lack of comprehensive information regarding the impact of bioactive materials on hard tissue formation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This systematic review with meta-analyses aimed to evaluate the hard tissue bridge formation in direct pulp capping and pulpotomies in humans, comparing the use of ProRoot MTA with other calcium silicate-based cements (CSCs) and calcium hydroxide.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The search was conducted in six electronic databases, until May 2024. The selection process followed the PICOS criteria. Clinical trials that evaluated the hard tissue bridge formation in VPTs using ProRoot MTA compared with other CSCs or calcium hydroxide, were included. The quality of the studies was assessed using the RoB-2 tool for randomized clinical trials, and ROBINS-I for nonrandomized trials. Meta-analyses were performed to compare the frequency of complete bridge formation using RevMan software 5.3. The GRADE tool was used to determine the overall certainty of evidence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-six studies were included, and the majority showed high risk of bias. Meta-analyses revealed that using ProRoot MTA resulted in significantly higher frequency of complete hard tissue bridge formation compared with using other CSCs and calcium hydroxide. Subgroup analyses indicated that using ProRoot MTA led to higher complete bridge formation compared with Biodentine. The certainty of evidence was low.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The use of ProRoot MTA resulted in significantly higher frequency of complete hard tissue bridge formation, greater hard tissue thickness and better morphology compared with various other CSCs and calcium hydroxide. Almost all studies were performed in premolars extracted due to orthodontic reasons or third molars. This scenario does not represent the clinical setting and therefore results should be interpreted with caution.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":"58 5","pages":"685-714"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iej.14210","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A survey of cone beam computed tomography use amongst endodontic specialists in the United Kingdom","authors":"Shanon Patel,&nbsp;Jackie Brown,&nbsp;Federico Foschi,&nbsp;Nassr Al-Nuaimi,&nbsp;James Fitton","doi":"10.1111/iej.14203","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14203","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to investigate the applications of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) amongst endodontic specialists in the United Kingdom (UK) via an online survey.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An online invitation to take part in the survey was sent out to 306 specialist endodontists registered on the UK specialist register. The survey consisted of a series of questions associated with demographics, access and use of CBCT, utilization of dose optimization parameters, and frequency of use in different clinical scenarios.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, 202 respondents completed the survey (a response rate of 66.3%), 128 were male (63.4%), and 74 were female (36.6%). Of the 202 respondents, 174 (85.7%) used CBCT for diagnosis and/or management of endodontic problems. A CBCT scanner was on-site in 71.3% (<i>n</i> = 124) and 28.7% (<i>n</i> = 50) being off-site. A small field of view (FOV) was the prescribed scan in most cases (88.5%, <i>n</i> = 154/174). The cost of the CBCT scan was included in the assessment/treatment fee in 21.8% (38/174) of cases, with 78.2% (136/174) charged a separate fee for the scan. In total, 89.1% (155/174) respondents used CBCT ‘often or always’ for management of complex root canal anatomy, 87.4% (152/174) for root resorption, 84.5% (147/174) for periapical microsurgery, only 20.7% (36/174) of respondents would use CBCT to assess the outcome of treatment. Only 35.1% (61/174) of respondents would prescribe a CBCT scan for a pregnant patient and 78.2% (136/174) would take a CBCT scan for a paediatric patient. In total, 22.4% (39/174) of respondents did not report or request reports of their CBCT scans. Respondents chose to alter the exposure parameters depending on the patient's age or if the dentition was deemed extensively restored. Of the clinicians who incorporate CBCT into their practice, 93.7% (164/174) believe it improves the quality of the care they provide, and 93.6% (163/174) felt that the use of CBCT improves confidence in their diagnosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The use of CBCT amongst specialist endodontists in the UK is commonplace. However, usage does not appear to completely follow best practice guidance for certain clinical scenarios and highlights the need for further training in CBCT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":"58 5","pages":"787-796"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iej.14203","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143449026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of vertical root fractures at early stages: Evidence that dentinal microcracks are an experimental phenomenon","authors":"Xiao Pan,&nbsp;Wenjing Liu,&nbsp;Chengtao Wang,&nbsp;Antian Gao,&nbsp;Zitong Lin","doi":"10.1111/iej.14209","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14209","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of vertical root fractures (VRFs) at early stages and compare them with previously reported dentinal microcracks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Endodontically treated teeth with vertical root fractures at early stages were collected. The characteristics of these VRFs were evaluated by in vitro observation and micro-CT scanning: (1) the number of fractures (buccal, lingual, mesial and distal were counted separately); (2) vertical extension on the roots (classified into four categories according to cemento-enamel junction and root apex involved or not); (3) the direction of fractures (bucco-lingual or mesial-distal); (4) horizontal extension of fractures (involved the root canal wall or the root surface or both); (5) the width of fractures (measured at the widest site on the axial micro-CT image); and (6) the location of the widest fractured site on the root (coronal third portion, middle third portion and apical third portion).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 28 vertical root fractures at early stages were collected in this study, involving 30 roots with a total of 51 fractures. All fractures involved the middle portion of root; all fractures were bucco-palatal/lingual and extended from the root canal wall to the root surface. The maximum width of these fractures were &lt;150 μm, and widest fractures may be at the coronal, middle or apical third portion of the tooth root.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All vertical root fractures involved the middle portion of root, initiated from the root canal wall and directed buccal-lingually. The fractures were irregular and tortuous, with fracture widths exhibiting considerable variability. These characteristics help us to have a better understanding of the initiation and development of VRFs, and also supply evidence dentinal microcracks are an experimental phenomenon.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":"58 5","pages":"736-743"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143425381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental stimuli-responsive hydrogels in endodontics: Advances and perspectives","authors":"He Liu,&nbsp;Ya Shen","doi":"10.1111/iej.14208","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14208","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Stimuli-responsive hydrogels are smart and functional materials that respond to various environmental stimuli, including temperature, light, magnetic field, pH, redox, enzymes and glucose. This responsiveness allows for the controlled release of therapeutic agents encapsulated within the hydrogels, enhancing treatment precision, improving therapeutic outcomes and minimizing side effects. Such hydrogels show great potential in root canal disinfection, management of dental pulp inflammation and pulp regeneration, making them promising candidates for more personalized and effective endodontic treatments. This article provides an overview of the latest advancements in the design and application of stimuli-responsive hydrogels in endodontics, emphasizing their potential to revolutionize endodontic treatments. It also addresses current challenges and explores future directions in the field, aiming to inspire and motivate researchers to further engage in or intensify their efforts within this promising area of research.</p>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":"58 5","pages":"674-684"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iej.14208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143364452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The risk of osteonecrosis after apical patency during antiresorptive therapy in an animal model","authors":"Clara de Figueiredo Lopes,&nbsp;Karem Paula Pinto,&nbsp;Claudio Malizia Alves Ferreira,&nbsp;Jenif Braga de Souza,&nbsp;Ricardo Tadeu Lopes,&nbsp;Adriana Terezinha Neves Novellino Alves,&nbsp;Erick M. Souza,&nbsp;Luciana Moura Sassone,&nbsp;Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva","doi":"10.1111/iej.14207","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14207","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate whether performing apical patency (AP) poses a risk for the development of osteonecrosis in rats treated with the antiresorptive drugs Zoledronic Acid (ZA) or Denosumab (DMAB).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty-two male Wistar rats were divided into six groups according to the medication administered and whether apical patency was performed (<i>n</i> = 7): ZA, ZA-AP, DMAB, DMAB-AP, and the control groups CON and CON-AP. The ZA and ZA-AP groups received 0.125 mg/kg of ZA, while the DMAB and DMAB-AP groups received 0.25 mg/kg of DMAB, both administered via intraperitoneal injection twice a week for 4 weeks. One week after completing drug administration, endodontic access was performed on the distal occlusal fossa of the lower left first molars in all animals. AP was carried out in the distal canal of the ZA-AP, DMAB-AP, and CON-AP groups using a size 10 K-file with the aid of an electronic apex locator, extending beyond the apical foramen. In the other groups, the file was inserted up short of apex as determined by electronic apex locator measurement. Coronal sealing was performed and after 21 days, the animals were euthanized, and visual analysis, micro-CT, and histopathological assessments were conducted to evaluate the presence or absence of osteonecrosis. Statistical analysis was performed using frequency statistics and a GLM multivariate ANOVA model followed by Tukey's test with significance at <i>p</i> &lt; .05.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>None of the animals exhibited bone exposure or other clinical signs associated with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. No cortical bone destruction, periosteal reaction, or bone sequestration was observed in the micro-CT or histopathological assessments. Medication significantly influenced some micro-CT parameters (<i>p</i> &lt; .05), while the apical patency alone did not (<i>p</i> &gt; .05). When interacting with medication*apical patency, the ZA-AP group showed a significantly lower percentage of bone volume and bone mineral density compared to the ZA group, a tendency not observed in DMAB groups (<i>p</i> &lt; .05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Apical patency in rats treated with zoledronic acid or denosumab did not cause osteonecrosis of the jaw, only micro-CT changes in bone microarchitecture that cannot be linked to osteonecrosis in zoledronic acid treated animals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":"58 5","pages":"776-786"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FoxO1 mediates odontoblast differentiation of hDPSCs via B cell-derived ANGPTL1 in dental caries: A laboratory investigation","authors":"Peimeng Zhan,&nbsp;Zhu Huang,&nbsp;Zhuo Xie,&nbsp;Xinfang Zhang,&nbsp;Zongshan Shen,&nbsp;Lingling Chen,&nbsp;Shuheng Huang,&nbsp;Qiting Huang,&nbsp;Zhengmei Lin,&nbsp;Runfu Wang","doi":"10.1111/iej.14206","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14206","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Clinical and in vitro evidence indicates that chronic inflammatory responses initiated by dental caries can persist in the dental pulp even after treatment, necessitating the formation of reparative dentin to restore tissue homeostasis and health. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) serve as crucial precursors in this reparative process. This study explores the role of B cells and their secreted factor, Angiopoietin Like 1 (ANGPTL1), in promoting hDPSCs differentiation into odontoblasts under carious conditions, with a particular focus on the activation of Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methodology&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) data from the GEO database were analysed to explore cellular interactions and molecular mechanisms in dental pulp. Immunofluorescence staining was used to investigate the expression patterns of B cells or hDPSCs in dental pulp and hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP) scaffolds. The expression levels of ANGPTL1 were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Odontoblast differentiation capacity was assessed by alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin red S staining, and western blotting analysis. hDPSCs were overexpressed or knocked down FoxO1 with lentiviruses. The regulatory interaction between FoxO1 and the DSPP promoter was evaluated through dual-luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Statistical analyses were conducted using Student's &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt;-test or one-way analysis of variance (&lt;span&gt;anova&lt;/span&gt;) with a &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;-value of &lt;.05 considered statistically significant.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;scRNA-Seq data indicated a significant increase in B cells and ANGPTL1 expression in carious dental pulp. Functional analyses confirmed that ANGPTL1 secreted by B cells activated FoxO1 expression in hDPSCs, enhancing their differentiation into odontoblast-like cells. Blocking ANGPTL1 signalling with a specific antibody reduced FoxO1 expression, indicating a regulatory link between ANGPTL1 and FoxO1. Overexpression of FoxO1 in hDPSCs promoted their differentiation into odontoblasts and facilitated mineralized matrix formation. Mechanistic studies revealed that FoxO1 directly binds to the DSPP promoter, thereby inducing its expression.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Our study reveals a novel mechanism in which ANGPTL1 secreted by B cells in a carious environment promotes the odontoblast differentiation of hDPSCs by upregulating FoxO1. This finding highlights a potential therapeutic target for enhancing dental pulp repair and regeneration.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":"58 5","pages":"757-775"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}