International endodontic journal最新文献

{"title":"Association between apical periodontitis and psoriasis vulgaris: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Crystal Marruganti, Giulia Malvicini, Elisa Cinotti, Aurora Fuso, Emanuele Trovato, Pietro Rubegni, Simone Grandini, Carlo Gaeta","doi":"10.1111/iej.14222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.14222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) and caries in subjects with psoriasis vulgaris.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>In total, 152 patients with psoriasis vulgaris were included in the study. The severity and extent of psoriasis were assessed according to the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI), the Body Surface Area (BSA) and the Physician's Global Assessment Scale (PGA). Periapical status was assessed through dental examination and periapical radiographs. Data regarding the Periapical Index (PAI), caries experience expressed as the Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth Index (DMFT) and psoriasis medications were recorded. A predictive logistic regression model for the presence of AP and a linear regression model were then built to relate the severity and extent of AP to the type of drug therapy taken for psoriasis and to the severity and extent of the skin disease.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Subjects with severe/moderate psoriasis showed a significantly higher prevalence of AP (p = .002) and a higher PAI score (p = .0035) than subjects with mild psoriasis. No significant correlation was found between AP and caries experience (p = .76). The logistic regression model showed that moderate/severe psoriasis increased the odds of having AP [odds ratio (OR) = 1.30 ± 1.088, 1.55]. A negative linear relationship between biological drug intake and PAI score value was observed (coefficient = -.54; p = .04).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The degree of severity of psoriasis is significantly associated with AP, suggesting that psoriasis may play a role in the pathogenesis of AP. However, no significant correlation was observed for caries experience. Furthermore, the immune-modulating drugs taken by these patients did not seem to have different effects on the prevalence of AP.</p>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activin a regulates vascular formation and stabilization in direct coculture of dental pulp stem cells and endothelial cells.","authors":"Jialin Zhong, Yuchen Zhang, Shulan Lin, Jun Kang, Mingxin Hu, Junqing Liu, Ying Chen, Qianzhou Jiang, Chengfei Zhang","doi":"10.1111/iej.14226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.14226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Establishing functional circulation on time is crucial to dental pulp tissue regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could act as mural cells to stabilize newly formed blood vessels, accelerating anastomosis. Our preliminary study found that direct coculture of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) significantly enhanced Activin A secretion. This study aimed to disclose the dynamic patterns of Activin A expression and its regulation on vascular formation and stabilization.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>DPSCs and HUVECs were cocultured directly at a ratio of 1:1 for 3 and 6 days. Activin A and Follistatin expression were evaluated by qRT-PCR and ELISA. HUVECs were exposed to 100 ng/mL Activin A or the conditioned medium (CM) generated from DPSC monoculture and DPSC-HUVEC coculture, respectively. HUVEC proliferation, migration, tube formation and angiogenic sprouting were assessed. In parallel, membrane-bound vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (mVEGFR1 and mVEGFR2) and soluble VEGFR1 (sVEGFR1) were analysed at days 3 and 6.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Activin A expression and secretion were elevated time-dependently during DPSC-HUVEC coculture. Follistatin expression decreased in DPSC-HUVEC coculture while the ratio of Activin A/Follinstain increased significantly. Activin A treatment did not promote DPSC towards smooth muscle cell (SMC)-specific differentiation, while Activin A and DPSC+HUVEC-CM suppressed HUVEC proliferation, migration, tube formation and sprouting. Activin A and DPSC+HUVEC-CM treatment markedly increased mVEGFR1 expression and sVEGFR1 secretion, suppressing HUVEC vascular formation. Activin A IgG partially reversed the effects of DPSC+HUVEC-CM on HUVECs by decreasing VEGFR1 expression and increasing vessel formation. Activin A pretreatment downregulated VEGF-triggered VEGFR2 phosphorylation of HUVECs. INHBA knockdown DPSCs disrupted the stabilization of the preformed HUVEC vascular tube network.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DPSC-HUVEC direct coculture upregulates Activin A secretion, interrupting VEGF receptors' balance in HUVECs to suppress HUVEC angiogenic sprouting and enhance vascular stabilization. These findings provide novel insights into the paracrine interactions on vascular stabilization of DPSC-HUVEC direct coculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of deep dentinal caries microbiota in teeth with normal pulp, reversible pulpitis, symptomatic and asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis.","authors":"Yefei Liu, Jiayang Li, Zhifei Ma, Xin Sui, Huaxing Xu, Xiaoling Wei","doi":"10.1111/iej.14221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.14221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To characterize the deep dentinal caries microbiota in teeth diagnosed with normal pulp with deep caries (NP), reversible pulpitis (RP), symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP), and asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis (AIP), and to identify potential key pathogens associated with pulpitis progression, exploring their roles in disease advancement.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, we collected 108 dentinal caries samples, categorized into NP (n = 27), RP (n = 27), SIP (n = 27), and AIP (n = 27), according to the American Association of Endodontists' diagnostic criteria. 2 NP samples and 2 RP samples were excluded due to contamination. Samples were processed using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. Alpha and beta diversity, taxa abundance differences, co-occurrence network analysis, and functional prediction were evaluated. Correlation analysis between the abundance of bacteria associated with clinical diagnosis, clinical signs, and pulp exposure status was performed with Spearman analysis and the Mantel test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The bacteriome of deep dentinal caries exhibited statistically significant differences among NP, RP, SIP, and AIP groups. NP and RP showed similar microbial community structures, with comparable alpha diversity, beta diversity, bacterial phenotypes, functions, and network structures. In contrast, AIP and SIP displayed distinct microbial community profiles. AIP was characterized by higher alpha diversity and a greater abundance of gram-negative bacteria, with Propionibacterium and Prevotella_7 identified as bacteria associated with AIP pathogenesis. On the other hand, SIP showed lower alpha diversity and a higher abundance of facultative anaerobes, with Lactobacillus and Limosilactobacillus identified as bacteria associated with SIP pathogenesis. Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Treponema, and Selenomonas were identified as bacteria associated with both AIP and SIP. Compared to NP and RP, the microbial networks in AIP and SIP are more complex and contain more gram-negative endodontic pathogens. These pathogens form complex positive correlations with each other and numerous negative correlations with lactic acid bacteria.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The bacteriome of deep dentinal caries differs significantly across teeth diagnosed with NP, RP, AIP, and SIP. NP and RP exhibit similar microbial communities, whereas SIP and AIP display distinct microbial profiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How does gender influence student learning, stress and career choice in endodontics?","authors":"Johanna Kichenin, Karen Vallaeys, Reza Arbab Chirani, Henry Fergus Duncan, Valerie Chevalier","doi":"10.1111/iej.14225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.14225","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The influence of gender is underexplored in endodontic educational research. This review examines the effect of gender on learning within the domains of skill acquisition, performance and difficulties encountered. It also analyses the stress and confidence experienced by male and female students during clinical endodontics, as well as their preparedness at the end of their undergraduate studies. Finally, this review analyses the influence of gender on student career choices in dentistry with a focus on endodontics. The review highlights that gender is invariably studied as a secondary outcome in endodontic education. Based on current evidence, it appears that female students tend to underestimate their skills and knowledge more than male counterparts in endodontics. They are also often more stressed than males, feeling less confident and not as prepared. A recognition of gender differences in learning and stress management is important. Student aspirations regarding their choice of endodontic postgraduate speciality appear to be relatively well balanced in terms of gender. Finally, there is a need for further research to elucidate more clearly the impact of gender in endodontic education and endodontic career choice.</p>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of conservative versus conventional instrumentation on the release of inflammatory mediators and post-operative pain in mandibular molars with asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Sıla Nur Usta, Ana Arias, Emre Avcı, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva","doi":"10.1111/iej.14224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.14224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to compare the release of inflammatory mediators and post-operative pain after conservative and conventional root canal preparations of mandibular molars with asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Forty-five healthy patients diagnosed with asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis were randomly assigned to three groups based on the system used for root canal preparation (n = 15): ProTaper Gold, OneShape and TruNatomy. Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected for baseline measurements, 24 and 72 h after root canal treatment. Inflammatory mediators (Substance P, IL-6, IL-10 and PGE-2) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and post-operative pain was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and compared among groups with linear regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All mediators exhibited an increase at 24 h and a decrease at 72 h. The release of Substance P in the OneShape group was significantly higher than in the TruNatomy and ProTaper Gold groups (Odds Ratio (OR) = 17.4 and 21.7, respectively, at 24 h and 21.5 and 15.6 at 72 h; p < .05). IL-6 and IL-10 were significantly higher in the OneShape and ProTaper Gold groups compared to TruNatomy at 24 h (p < .05). PGE2 levels were not affected by the type of instruments (p > .05). VAS scores were significantly higher at 24 h compared to baseline, with root canal preparation using OneShape significantly associated with higher post-operative pain than preparation with ProTaper Gold (p < .05). Analgesic intake was not related to the instrumentation group or any other patient- or tooth-related factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conservative root canal preparation of mandibular molars with asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis decreased the release of inflammatory mediators but did not influence post-operative pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing dental education with technology: The integration of smartphone applications in endodontics-A narrative review.","authors":"Seyed AmirHossein Ourang, Fatemeh Sohrabniya, Soroush Sadr, William A Kahler, William Nguyen Ha","doi":"10.1111/iej.14219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.14219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Smartphone applications are increasingly used in medical and dental education, offering flexible and interactive learning opportunities. In medicine, these tools enhance knowledge retention, clinical decision-making, and patient care.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review aims to evaluate the role of smartphone applications in endodontic education, assessing their quality, functionality, perceived impact, usability, and impact on learning outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of the App Store, Google Play, PubMed, and Scopus was conducted to identify relevant applications. The quality assessment of the apps was performed through heuristic evaluation and the uMARS tool. The Inclusion criteria focused on apps designed for endodontic education and clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 350 records, 9 applications met the criteria. The heuristic rating for all apps was low to medium, except for Endolit, which demonstrated severe usability issues. Dental Endo Master received the best mean score in the uMARS rating. The selected applications offer diverse functionalities, including educational tools (EndoPrep, Endo Lit, Dental Endo Master, Adat Endodontic Cram Cards, Tooth SOS, Injured Tooth, AcciDent), diagnostic aids (Endo10), and case difficulty assessments (AAE Endo Case). Most apps were available on Android and iOS, with ratings ranging from 4.2/5 to 5/5.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study highlights the growing role of smartphone applications in endodontics, particularly in education, clinical support, and patient guidance. While these apps offer interactive learning and diagnostic assistance, their quality varies due to differences in developer expertise, usability, and regulatory oversight. Some excel in engagement and functionality, while others require improvements in customization and accessibility. Ensuring evidence-based development, standardized evaluations, and user-centered design is essential for maximizing their impact on dental education and clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Smartphone applications have transformative potential in endodontic education, enabling flexible learning and improved clinical skills. However, challenges such as inconsistent quality and limited validation require attention.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>No formal registration was required for this narrative review.</p>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiota associated with caries and apical periodontitis: A next-generation sequencing study.","authors":"Euon Jung Tak, Ok-Jin Park, Jin-Sun Lee, Yeon-Jee Yoo, Hiran Perinpanayagam, Yun-Seok Jeong, Jae-Yun Lee, Jin-Woo Bae, Kee-Yeon Kum, Seung Hyun Han","doi":"10.1111/iej.14218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.14218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study investigated the correlation between microbiota of caries-free enamel and caries-affected dentine biofilms and that of root canals with primary apical periodontitis, by using an Illumina MiSeq platform.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Biofilm from caries-free enamel surface (Biofilm-C) or caries-affected dentine (Biofilm-E) and root canal paper point samples (Canal) were collected from 31 teeth with primary apical periodontitis. Microbial composition was analysed by amplicon sequencing that targeted the V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene. Alpha and beta diversities of bacterial communities between sampling sites were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test and pairwise permutational multivariate analysis of variance, respectively. Differentially abundant taxa identified using MaAsLin2 were adjusted for multiple comparisons using the Benjamini-Hochberg method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Totals of 16 phyla, 130 genera and 314 species were identified. Distinct and shared bacterial communities were observed between biofilm and canal samples. No significant differences in alpha diversity were observed across all sampling sites. A total of 32 genera including Acinetobacter, [Eubacterium], Dialister, Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-006, Lawsonella, W5053, Phocaeicola, Mogibacterium, Pyramidobacter and Parvimonas were more abundant in Canal samples compared to both Biofilm-C and Biofilm-E. The genera Hallella, Lactobacillus, Shuttleworthella, Olsenella, Cryptobacterium, Alloprevotella, Phocaeicola, Limosilactobacillus, Selenomonadaceae and Anaeroglobus were increased significantly in Biofilm-E compared to Biofilm-C. Hallela multisaccharivorax, Olsenella uli, Lactobacilllus gasseri, Selenomonadaceae species and Scardovia inopinata exhibited higher abundance in both Biofilm-E and Canal, than Biofilm-C. These differences in bacterial composition among sampling sites, including the increased presence of specific taxa in caries-affected dentine and root canals, suggest that these microorganisms may contribute to the development of primary apical periodontitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bacterial community structure differed significantly between biofilm and root canal samples, but showed no significant differences among biofilm samples based on dental caries status. However, some taxa were shared among caries-affected lesions, including dentine and root canals. H. multisaccharivorax, O. uli, L. gasseri, Selenomonadaceae species and S. inopinata exhibited higher abundance in caries-affected dentine and root canals with primary apical periodontitis, suggesting that specific bacteria in caries-affected dentine play a crucial role in the development of root canal infections and the pathogenesis of primary apical periodontitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editor-in-Chief thanks the Associate Editors, Editorial Board and Referees for 2024","authors":"Henry F. Duncan","doi":"10.1111/iej.14202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.14202","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;On behalf of the Editor-in-Chief and the whole of the editorial team in Wiley, I would like to thank those who have contributed to the continued success of the IEJ in 2024. I would like to start by acknowledging and thanking the Associate Editors for their remarkable contribution during the year and their ongoing support to me as Editor-in-Chief:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sebastian Bürklein, Zhi Chen, Gustavo De-Deus, Ikhlas El-karim, Michael Hülsmann, Francesco Mannocci, Venkateshbabu Nagendrababu, Ronald Ordinola-Zapata, Ove Peters and Emi Shimizu. I would also like to thank Christopher Sexton (consultant statistical advisor) for his statistical support throughout the year and Ana Arias, Lise-Lotte Kirkevang, Ove Peters and Valerie Chevalier for their editorial leadership of the IEJ special issues.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I also thank all the other members of the Editorial Board:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Vivek Aggarwal, Ana Arias, Hany Ahmed, Vasudev Ballal, Lana Awawdeh, Vasudev Ballal, Felipe Belladonna, Lars Bjørndal, Christos Boutsioukis, Bruno Cavalcanti, Luis Chavez de Pas, Bunsan Chong, Gary Cheung, Elizabetta Cotti, Roeland De Moor, Ashraf ElAyouti, David Donnermeyer, Jose de Figueiredo, Giampiero Rossi-Fedele, Kerstin Galler, Alexis Gaudin, Brenda Gomes, Markus Haapasalo, Ding Ming Huang, Jiiang-Huei Jeng, Aleksandar Jakovljevic, Bill Kahler, Lise-Lotte Kirkevang, Anil Kishen, Gabriel Krastl, Thomas Kvist, Paul Lambrechts, Chun-Pin Lin, Teresa Arias-Moliz, Prasanna Neelakantan, Mohammad Nekoofar, Rubens Spin-Neto, Ali Nosrat, Takashi Okiji, Paulo Palma, Shanon Patel, Masoud Parirokh, Carlo Prati, Dan Rechenberg, Tina Rödig, Francesc Abella Sans, Edgar Schäfer, Juanjo Segura-Egea, Hagay Shemesh, Ya Shen, Emmanuel Silva, Erick Souza, Nessrin Taha, H. Tao, Luca Tertarelli, Leo Tjäderhane, Phil Tomson, Marco Versiani, Ronald Weiger, Matthias Widbiller, John Whitworth, Victoria Yu, Matthias Zehnder and Chengfei Zhang.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I also acknowledge and thank the panel of referees for their critical appraisal of manuscripts and expert insight this year:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Abella Sans, Francesc; Abiad, Rola; Abu-Bakr, Neamat; Adorno, Carlos; Aggarwal, Vivek; Ahmad, Paras; Ahmed, Hany Mohamed Aly; Aksel, Hacer; Al-Ahmad, Ali; Al-Nuaimi, Nassr; Alapati, Satish; Alcalde, Murilo; Ali, Ahmed; Ali, Islam; Allihaibi, Marwa; Alovisi, Mario; Alves, Flávio; Amin, Suzan; Aminoshariae, Anita; An, Shaofeng; Arias-Moliz, Maria Teresa; Arias, Ana; Awawdeh, Lama; Azim, Adham; Bakhsh, Abdulaziz; Bakhtiar, Hengameh; Ballal, Vasudev; Barthel-Zimmer, Claudía; Belladonna, Felipe; Bhuva, Bhavin; Bilvinaitė, Goda; Bjørndal, Lars; Bogen, George; Bortoluzzi, Eduardo; Bottino, Marco; Boutsioukis, Christos; Bruno, Kely; Bürklein, Sebastian; Carvalho, Marco Simões; Cavalcanti, Bruno; Chang, Mei-Chi; Chaniotis, Antonis; Chawla, Amrita; Chen, Zhi; Chen, Zhuo; Chevalier, Valérie; Chong, Bun San; Coelho, Marcelo; Connert, Thomas; Corbella, Stefano; Cotti, Elisabetta; Cushley, Siobhan; Dammaschke, Till; De Moor, Roeland; De-Jesus-Soares, Adriana;","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":"58 4","pages":"548-549"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iej.14202","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial genera in the fluids from apical periodontitis-related radicular cysts: An observational study.","authors":"David Szaraz, Jan Bohm, Sabina Cerulova, Lenka Bodokyova, Zdenek Danek, Ctirad Machacek, Petra Borilova Linhartova","doi":"10.1111/iej.14220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.14220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate bacteriome profiles (diversity, composition and relative abundances of bacterial genera) of the fluids from apical periodontitis (AP)-related radicular cysts (RCs).</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This observational study included 29 patients with AP and RC with complete sample triplets (supragingival plaque, cryopulverized tooth and cystic fluid). The bacteriome profiles of each matrix as well as of negative controls (NCs) were examined using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bacteriome profiles of cystic fluids differed from NCs in 79% of cases. The number of distinct amplicon sequence variants and Shannon index detected in cystic fluids and cryopulverized teeth were significantly lower than in paired supragingival plaque samples. Gram-negative genera and anaerobic genera were more abundant in cystic fluids than in paired cryopulverized teeth or their supragingival plaques. The relative abundances of the genera Prevotella_7/Prevotella, Fusobacterium and Porphyromonas were higher in cystic fluids than in paired cryopulverized teeth and NCs; their relative abundances dominated (>20%) in individual cystic fluids. Also, DNA from the genus Fretibacterium was significantly more commonly found in cryopulverized teeth and cystic fluids than in supragingival plaque samples. The relative abundances of this gram-negative bacterial genera in cryopulverized teeth differed from NCs; the difference from cystic fluids was borderline insignificant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the alpha-diversity in the cystic fluids is much lower compared to supragingival plaques, most cystic fluids are not sterile. DNA from specific anaerobic gram-negative bacterial genera dominated the fluids from AP-related RCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to the letter regarding our article, ‘Potential predisposing features of external cervical resorption: An observational study’ (Patel et al., 2025)","authors":"Shanon Patel,&nbsp;Francesc Abella,&nbsp;Kreena Patel,&nbsp;AbdulAziz Bakhsh,&nbsp;Paul Lambrechts,&nbsp;Nassr Al-Nuaimi","doi":"10.1111/iej.14216","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14216","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Thank you for providing the opportunity to respond to the letter regarding our article, &lt;i&gt;‘Potential Predisposing Features of External Cervical Resorption: An Observational Study’&lt;/i&gt; (Patel et al., 2025). The thoughtful and constructive critique is appreciated and as authors we would like to address the concerns raised in the letter.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The concern regarding the use of the term ‘predisposing factor’ in the context of a cross-sectional study is duly noted. We acknowledge the importance of precise language in scientific discourse. Our use of ‘predisposing factor’ aligns with existing literature and epidemiological conventions to describe characteristics associated with a condition without implying direct causation. Importantly, we explicitly mentioned in the title that our study is ‘an observational study’, indicating that no causality can be expected from the findings. As an observational study, we explicitly state in our discussion that causality cannot be inferred and that the identified factors are associations rather than definitive causes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The inclusion of cat ownership as a potential factor was, of course, based on limited preliminary evidence, and while the mechanism we referenced is speculative, it was meant to present a hypothesis for future research rather than a definitive causal relationship. We are confident that the study's conclusions, as framed, are appropriately cautious regarding these associations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The reviewer raised valid points about the limitations of chi-squared tests in the context of complex, multivariable relationships, particularly with regard to confounding and clustering effects. Chi-squared analysis was employed to assess associations between categorical variables, a widely accepted method in exploratory epidemiological research. While we acknowledge that multivariable regression models could further adjust for confounders, our study aimed primarily to identify potential associations rather than to determine adjusted risk estimates. Future studies employing regression modelling and causal inference frameworks are likely to provide deeper insights.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The hierarchical structure of our data (patients and teeth) introduces clustering effects, and we agree that more advanced methods could address this more effectively. While chi-squared tests do not account for clustering, we would like to mention that 92.3% (179/194) of patients had only one tooth, which means there is no within-patient clustering for these individuals. This substantially reduces the potential for clustering effects since these patients contribute only a single observation. Additionally, 12 (6.2%) patients had two teeth and only 3 (1.5%) patients had four teeth. While there is some within-patient clustering for these patients (i.e. observations are not independent as the same patient contributes multiple data points), the proportion of patients with multiple teeth is small relative to the total number of patients. Therefore, the o","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":"58 5","pages":"799-801"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iej.14216","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}