Inflammation and cell signaling最新文献

{"title":"HIF-1α, a novel piece in the NF-κB puzzle","authors":"D. Bandarra, S. Rocha","doi":"10.14800/ICS.792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/ICS.792","url":null,"abstract":"Hypoxia, or low oxygen availability, is an important physiological stimulus for multicellular organisms. Molecularly, hypoxia induces a transcriptional programme directed at restoration of oxygen homeostasis and cellular survival. Hypoxia and inflammation are intimately linked, and even though it is known that NF-kB regulates the HIF system, little is known about how HIF regulates NF-kB. In a recent report we have shown that HIF-1a plays an important role in regulating NF-kB. Importantly, HIF-1a acted to restrict NF-kB transcriptional activity, in mammalian cells and in the in vivo genetic model of Drosophil a. Depletion of HIF-1a resulted in increased levels of specific NF-kB targets, by a mechanism dependent on TAK/IKK and CDK6. Deletion of the HIF-1a homologue in Drosophila , Sima, resulted in hypersensitivity to infection due to deregulated NF-kB. This report delineated for the first time the contribution of HIF-1a towards the NF-kB pathway, and demonstrated the importance of HIF-1a presence for the control of the inflammatory response in vivo . The importance of this crosstalk between HIF and NF-kB is significant, as it could create potential new therapies in diseases where hypoxia and inflammatory are prevalent.","PeriodicalId":13679,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation and cell signaling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74923979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diverse roles of oxytocin","authors":"Sung Hye Kim, P. Bennett, V. Terzidou","doi":"10.14800/ICS.739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/ICS.739","url":null,"abstract":"The oxytocin/oxytocin receptor (OT/OTR) system has been reported to influence a variety of physiological, behavioural, and emotional processes in humans. There are a wide range of studies focusing on their role in parturition, lactation and behaviour. More recent studies have investigated the novel effects of OT/OTR system including inflammation and miRNAs, as well as the effect of their genetic polymorphisms on the onset of labour and parturition. OT also appears to have a great influence in cardiomyocyte differentiation and heart homeostasis, and an age-specific regulation of muscle maintenance and regeneration. This review will summarize the previously established role of OT/OTR system as well as the studies on their novel roles, and highlight the potential therapeutic approaches.","PeriodicalId":13679,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation and cell signaling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81188285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting oxidative stress and inflammation in NSAIDs induced gastropathy: A plausible therapeutic approach","authors":"K. Sinha, P. Sil","doi":"10.14800/ICS.763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/ICS.763","url":null,"abstract":"Deregulation in prostaglandin (PG) biosynthesis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis play a major role in the pathogenesis of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced gastropathy. Although the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in this pathophysiological condition is not fully understood, considerable progress has been made in recent years. Also, substantial progress has been made in the search for safe and cost effective gastroprotective agents against NSAID-induced gastropathy. In this article, we briefly describe the contemporary advancement in the field of NSAID-induced gastropathy research and would like to provide a concise view focusing the underlying role of oxidative stress and inflammation in this pathophysiology. Simultaneously, the recent trends in the pursuit of gastroprotective agent have also been highlighted purposely.","PeriodicalId":13679,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation and cell signaling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89972549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fecal microbiota transplantation is an effective rescue therapy for refractory inflammatory bowel disease","authors":"Bota Cui, Pan Li, Li-juan Xu, Zhaoyuan Peng, Youquan Zhao, Huiquan Wang, Zhi He, Ting Zhang, Guozhong Ji, Kaichun Wu, D. Fan, Faming Zhang","doi":"10.14800/ICS.757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/ICS.757","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing evidence has indicated the potential role of fecal micobiota transplantation (FMT) to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the protocol of FMT preparation has not been standardized. Importantly, the literature of using FMT to treat IBD is very limited. Therefore, we aimed to establish standardized laboratory protocol and clinical work flow, including donor identification, purification of fecal microbiota, bank of frozen fecal microbiota, endoscopic infusion procedures, patient preparation and clinical evaluation system. A novel automatic system (GenFMTer) was designed and developed for preparation of fecal microbiota from feces. The results from our registered trials (NCT01790061, NCT01793831) demonstrated the rescue therapy role of FMT for refractory IBD. A recent study reported that single FMT through mid-gut might be a safe, feasible and effective for Crohn’s disease.","PeriodicalId":13679,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation and cell signaling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83564439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fragile skin: Benefit of cosmeceuticals based on Rhealba® oat plantlet in acne vulgaris","authors":"G. Fabbrocini, M. S. Aroman, F. Schmitt","doi":"10.14800/ICS.737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/ICS.737","url":null,"abstract":"Fragile skin is the state of unbalanced skin characterized by lower resistance to aggressions linked with impaired barrier function of skin. Acneic skin becomes fragile due to its own pathophysiological mechanism. Indeed, acneic skin differs from normal skin as it is subject to higher transepidermal water loss and lower stratum corneum hydration. Moreover, acne vulgaris is also characterized by alterations in the lipid content of sebum and an inflammation in the sebaceous gland. These alterations lead to hyperproliferation and to an increased desquamation of keratinocytes within sebaceous follicles. Thus, the accumulation of keratinocytes can block the pilosebaceous unit, preventing sebum drainage. This results in the formation of microcomedones, and further acne lesions. Changes of the pilo-sebaceous environment favour the proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes ( P. Acnes ). P. acnes exerts several pro-inflammatory activities which trigger the innate immune system by activating toll-like receptor 2 and NLRP3-inflammasome, resulting in IL-1β secretion in human monocytes. Rhealba ® Oat Plantlets extract (Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmetique) has been reported to restore fragile skin, inhibit bacterial adhesion of P. Acnes , and to be capable of reducing inflammation and irritation in acne. Moreover, cosmeceuticals including Rhealba ® Oat Plantlets extract and hydro-compensating actives, which can be associated with anti-comedogenic agents (hydroxyl acids), may be usually used stand-alone or in addition to acne treatments in order to treat acne vulgaris.","PeriodicalId":13679,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation and cell signaling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80576544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ginsenoside metabolite compound K exerts anti-inflammatory effect via suppressing T cell activation","authors":"Jingyu Chen, Wei Wei","doi":"10.14800/ICS.725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/ICS.725","url":null,"abstract":"Ginsenoside metabolite compound K (CK, 20-O-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol), a novel ginsenoside metabolite, belongs to dammarane-type triterpene saponins according to its structure. The anti-inflammatory activity of CK has been identified in several studies. Our previous study demonstrated that CK exerted anti-inflammatory effect on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) animal models, and this effect was due to inhibiting the abnormal activation and differentiation of T cells. Our recent study showed that the inhibitory effect of CK on T cell activation was related to suppressing CCL21-CCR7-mediated migration of dendritic cells (DCs) and signals between T cells and DCs. In this brief review, we summarize recent studies on the anti-inflammatory effect of CK and highlight recent advances in our understanding of how CK contributes to the anti-inflammatory effect via suppressing T cell activation in autoimmune conditions. Elucidating the potential mechanism by which CK contributes to the anti-inflammatory effect may provide a rationale for development of CK as new therapeutic agents in treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune disease.","PeriodicalId":13679,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation and cell signaling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75171778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of IL-18 and its signaling in atherosclerosis","authors":"O. Bhat, V. Dhawan","doi":"10.14800/ICS.707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/ICS.707","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) including coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke are the largest cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality, where atherosclerosis is the underlying pathology. Recent investigations of atherosclerosis have focused on the role of inflammation, providing new insights into the mechanism of the disease. Macrophages and T-lymphocytes present in the atherosclerotic lesions produce a wide array of cytokines that can exert both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects. Pro-inflammatory cytokines of the interleukin category are considered to be key players in the chronic vascular inflammation that is typical for atherosclerosis. Various studies support the concept that interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine with pro-atherogenic properties. Previous data in Apo E-/- mice demonstrated that IL-18 accelerates atherosclerosis via interferon gamma (IFN- γ) and CXCL16 expression. IL-18 acts by binding to its receptor IL-18R complex, a heterodimer containing α (IL-1Rrp) chain responsible for extracellular binding of IL-18 and a nonbinding, signal-transducing β (AcPL) chain. IL-18 binding to IL-18Rα is shown to result in upregulation of IL-1R-associated kinase (IRAK) and TRAF-6, resulting in nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). Presence of activated NF-κB is shown in coronary arteries of pigs fed a hypercholesterolemic diet, in rat arterial smooth muscle cells after balloon injury and in unstable coronary atherectomies. Recent work has shown that genes involved in the lipid uptake and cholesterol efflux in macrophages, like peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) and Liver-X-receptor-α (LXR-α) regulate the expression of many key genes that are involved in the development and progression of atherosclerosis e.g. cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and scavenger receptors (CD36, SR-A, SR-B1). MMP-9/MMP-2 (members of gelatinase family) are shown to be one of the effector genes of these nuclear receptors (PPAR-γ and LXR-α). Specifically, a role of MMP-9 in atherosclerosis, plaque instability and rupture has been demonstrated during arterial lesion progression. Thus IL-18 can be strongly viewed as a proatherogenic and pro-inflammatory cytokine, as IL-18 signaling results in upregulation of various pro-inflammatory genes and development of atherosclerotic lesions, thus could be envisaged as a therapeutic target.","PeriodicalId":13679,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation and cell signaling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81415511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulatory role of peroxinitrite (ONOO-) for oxidative damage to human Red Blood Cells (hRBC)","authors":"A. Bala, P. Haldar","doi":"10.14800/ICS.695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/ICS.695","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring of oxidative stress to human red blood cells (hRBC) is scientifically important for any kind of disease etiology or even during of any drug therapies however the comparative toxicity of reactive species in hRBC in term of hemolysis was not yet established. In this context the present study highlighted the different oxidative assay induced either by superoxide (O 2 - )or by hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 )or by nitric oxide (NO) or by peroxinitrite (ONOO - )using different biochemical reactions in isolated hRBC cells. The oxidative hemolysis was significantly ( p 0.05). The induction of oxidative stress by H 2 O 2 was less noticeable may be due to catalase over expression. Therefore, monitoring of ONOO - and reducing oxidative stress should be considered during evaluation of diseases etiology or any kind of drug therapies.","PeriodicalId":13679,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation and cell signaling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84609085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio: A promising prognostic marker in patients with chronic kidney disease","authors":"Sawako Kato, T. Abe, B. Lindholm, S. Maruyama","doi":"10.14800/ICS.683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/ICS.683","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially end-stage renal disease (ESRD), is associated with high morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and infection, two common complications of ESRD that may be related, in part, to chronic inflammation and protein-energy wasting (PEW). Recently, in a Japanese prospective cohort study, we reported that there was significantly higher risk for CVD-related events in CKD patients with an increased neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) at the start of their dialysis therapy. Because higher neutrophil count reflects inflammation and lower lymphocyte count may reflect malnutrition, NLR is hypothesized to be a more sensitive index than other existing inflammatory markers for detecting those at high risk for CVD-related events. This research highlight describes the potentials of NLR as a prognostic marker in patients with CKD. Although further studies are required to better understand its value as prognostic tool in clinical practice, current data suggest that NLR may be a useful and inexpensive marker for identifying CKD patients at high risk for CVD-related complications.","PeriodicalId":13679,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation and cell signaling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76928381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic obesity, adipocytokines, and inflammatory markers in Asian Indians-CURES-124","authors":"Indulekha Karunakaran, J. Surendar, R. Pradeepa, K. Gokulakrishnan, M. Viswanathan","doi":"10.14800/ics.693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14800/ics.693","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the fact that obesity is a major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, it has now been recognized that a proportion of obese individuals display a healthy cardiometabolic profile. In contrast, a proportion of lean individuals have been shown to portray an increased risk for cardiometabolic complications. These distinct sub-phenotypes of obese and lean individuals are referred to as metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and the metabolically obese, non-obese (MONO) phenotypes. We have shown that the MONO phenotypes are characterized by increased levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and reduced levels of anti-inflammatory adipokine adiponectin. The clinical relevance of these sub-phenotypes of obesity and the issues related to the categorization of metabolic obesity  are also discussed in this research highlight. The health outcomes related to these phenotypes and their differential response to interventions should also be characterized.","PeriodicalId":13679,"journal":{"name":"Inflammation and cell signaling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82429137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}