Internal Medicine Journal最新文献

{"title":"Launch of a dedicated After-Hours Care Unit cultivates significant improvements in key areas required by the new Australian Medical Council National Framework for prevocational doctors.","authors":"Catherine Lunter, Natalie McLean, Edward Berry, Cheryl Power, Aleks Atrens, Matthew Lumchee, Nigel Fellows, Georga Cooke, Jack Lockett","doi":"10.1111/imj.70352","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imj.70352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prevocational doctors face many challenges working in the after-hours inpatient environment. We surveyed prevocational doctors after completing an after-hours term as part of a new After-Hours Care Unit (AHCU) who had previously worked after-hours on an ad hoc basis under the 'traditional' after-hours model of care. Significant improvements were reported in key requirements of the new Australian Medical Council National Framework for prevocational training including education, orientation and supervision, highlighting the advantages of establishing a dedicated AHCU on the prevocational doctor experience.</p>","PeriodicalId":13625,"journal":{"name":"Internal Medicine Journal","volume":" ","pages":"710-713"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13103700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147276321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated impact of alcohol-associated hepatitis on healthcare utilisation during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Leya Nedumannil, Steven Cheema, Simon J Hume, Thomas Goodwin, Robert Little, Tim Phan, Thang Dao, Ronald Ma, Daryl Jones, Stephen Warrillow, Jessica Howell, Ammar Majeed, William Kemp, Alexander Thompson, Stuart K Roberts, Josephine A Grace, Karl Vaz, Darren Wong, Matthew C Choy","doi":"10.1111/imj.70389","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imj.70389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alcohol-associated hepatitis (AAH) causes significant morbidity, mortality and healthcare expenditure. Increased alcohol consumption during the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic was observed globally.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to assess temporal associations between the COVID-19 pandemic and AAH admission frequency and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective cohort study of inpatients aged ≥18 years fulfilling National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism diagnostic criteria for AAH from three Australian tertiary referral hospitals. AAH admissions and outcomes between 1 March 2020 and 31 March 2021 ('COVID-19 cohort') were compared with a 'historical cohort' (1 January 2016-29 February 2020). The primary endpoint was the monthly rate of AAH admissions according to the COVID-19 timepoint. Secondary outcomes included change in AAH severity, interventions and healthcare costs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the study period, 301 eligible AAH admissions were identified. The COVID-19 cohort (n = 104) had a significantly higher median AAH monthly admission rate (8 (interquartile range (IQR) 6, 9) vs 3 (3, 5), P < 0.0001) and proportion requiring intensive care unit admission (26% (n = 27) vs 12% (n = 24), P = 0.002), despite similar median MELD-Na scores (20 (IQR 15, 25.5) vs 19 (14, 25), P = 0.24) to the historical cohort (n = 197). Higher median monthly healthcare costs were identified in the COVID-19 cohort ($90 912 (IQR 43 853, 243 469) vs $42 983 (IQR 18 231, 71 410), P = 0.03). Ninety-day mortality was 14%. No patients were diagnosed with COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this multicentre analysis, AAH admission frequency, ICU requirement and healthcare costs increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. These observations provide the impetus for future studies to help develop preventive strategies that reduce alcohol-related admissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13625,"journal":{"name":"Internal Medicine Journal","volume":" ","pages":"573-581"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147354804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Joint Australian Diabetes Society/Australian and New Zealand Society of Nuclear Medicine procedure guideline for FDG PET/CT imaging in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Yvette Mikaheal, Jeremy Hoang, Andrew M Scott, Louise Campbell, Yang Du, Jane Ludington, Karen L Jones, Jerry R Greenfield","doi":"10.1111/imj.70344","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imj.70344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is an established imaging technique for tumour diagnosis and staging, with imaging quality in people with diabetes closely linked to blood glucose concentration at the time of FDG injection. Adequate preparation is crucial for precise interpretation of PET/CT findings. However, protocols vary among institutions due to the availability of resources and expertise. This article summarises and provides commentary on a recently published de novo guideline, jointly endorsed by the Australian Diabetes Society and the Australian and New Zealand Society of Nuclear Medicine, which provides practical guidance for nuclear medicine staff managing people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes undergoing FDG PET/CT imaging. Recommendations were developed using an evidence-based approach informed by a comprehensive literature review and refined by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guidelines outline standardised preparation protocols tailored to diabetes type, including advice on fasting, oral glucose-lowering medications, insulin regimens and insulin pump management. Adoption of these recommendations aims to optimise FDG PET/CT image quality while prioritising patient safety and improving FDG PET/CT scan quality for individuals with diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13625,"journal":{"name":"Internal Medicine Journal","volume":" ","pages":"688-695"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147432666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of haloperidol use with mortality in critically ill patients with delirium: a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study.","authors":"Changqin Chen, Yumei Zhang, Wenchao Mao, Weihang Hu, Changyun Zhao","doi":"10.1111/imj.70406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.70406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Delirium is a prevalent and serious neuropsychiatric syndrome in the intensive care unit (ICU), associated with increased mortality, prolonged hospitalization, and long-term cognitive impairment. Haloperidol, a first-generation antipsychotic, is commonly used for its management, yet its efficacy and impact on mortality remain controversial due to inconsistent findings from recent large-scale randomized controlled trials.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study was performed to evaluate the effect of haloperidol on mortality and clinical outcomes in patients with delirium in the intensive care unit (ICU) and to explore its potential clinical value and limitations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database (2008-2022), we included 9109 ICU patients diagnosed with delirium on their first ICU admission, of whom 1359 (14.92%) received haloperidol treatment. Propensity score matching (PSM) at a 1:1 ratio with a calliper width of 0.05 was used to balance baseline characteristics, including age, sex, race, comorbidities, laboratory indicators, treatments and severity scores. This resulted in 1323 matched cases in each group (total n = 2646). The association between haloperidol use and 28-day as well as in-hospital mortality was analysed using Cox proportional hazards models. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and subgroup analyses were conducted to verify the robustness of the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Before matching, the haloperidol group had significantly lower 28-day mortality (15.08% vs. 26.79%, P < 0.001) and in-hospital mortality (13.76% vs. 23.38%, P < 0.001) than the non-haloperidol group but experienced longer hospital stays (16.61 vs. 13.38 days, P < 0.001) and ICU stays (8.10 vs. 5.81 days, P < 0.001). After PSM, the haloperidol group continued to show a significant survival advantage (28-day mortality hazard ratio = 0.65 (95% confidence interval: 0.54-0.78); in-hospital mortality hazard ratio = 0.69 (95% confidence interval: 0.57-0.83); both P < 0.001), with consistent findings among subgroups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Haloperidol use is associated with a significant reduction in short-term mortality in ICU patients with delirium (risk reduction of approximately 31%-35%), although it may be linked to longer ICU and hospital stays.</p>","PeriodicalId":13625,"journal":{"name":"Internal Medicine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147573945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acceptability of blood-based biomarkers for liver cancer surveillance: consumer and clinician perspectives.","authors":"Lucinda Vaux, Angela Carberry, Rhian Jones, Mikaela Daniells, Brooke Gaggin, Lewis Smith, James O'Beirne","doi":"10.1111/imj.70390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.70390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This survey assessed consumer and clinician perspectives on hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance and the role of blood-based biomarkers. Consumers reported comfort with both ultrasound and blood tests, with a preference for combined surveillance. Clinicians strongly supported biomarkers but were hesitant to remove ultrasound from surveillance. Both groups demonstrated high confidence in future surveillance participation. However, findings are limited by a relatively small sample size and recruitment of consumers from a single health service and clinicians predominantly from metropolitan centres. Overall, the results demonstrate confidence in current surveillance and support for blood-based biomarkers. The successful integration of biomarkers requires targeted education to address current consumer and clinicians' perspectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":13625,"journal":{"name":"Internal Medicine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147511676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term trends in tunnelled haemodialysis catheter outcomes: A 25-year linkage study.","authors":"Julian Yaxley, Ryan Gately, Dharmenaan Palamuthusingam, Benjamin Lazarus, Nicholas Gray, Rathika Krishnasamy","doi":"10.1111/imj.70416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.70416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tunnelled central venous catheters are frequently used for chronic haemodialysis; however, whether the outcomes of catheter use have changed over time is uncertain.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>We sought to determine trends in the rates of catheter failure among the incident haemodialysis population over the past 25 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was performed using linked data between a statewide administrative hospital admissions dataset and a national dialysis registry, including all adults commencing chronic haemodialysis via a tunnelled central venous catheter in the state of Queensland between 1999 and 2023. The primary outcome was the time to the first catheter failure event, determined using probabilistic data linkage, the Kaplan-Meier method and multivariable Cox proportional hazards modelling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 11 520 individuals who commenced chronic haemodialysis during the study period, approximately 41% commenced via a tunnelled catheter. The proportion of incident patients using a tunnelled catheter increased from 29% in 1999-2003 to 47% in 2019-2023. Tunnelled catheter survival improved over the study period, with 12-month catheter survival rates of 73% (95% confidence interval (CI): 65-81%) in 1999-2003 versus 86% (CI: 84-88%) in 2019-2023 (P < 0.01). On multivariate analysis, the risks of catheter failure at 12 months were significantly lower in 2014-2018 (hazard ratio (HR): 0.52 (95% CI: 0.33-0.80)) and 2019-2023 (HR: 0.44 (95% CI: 0.29-0.68)) than in 1999-2003. Catheter failure was associated with treatment at urban as opposed to non-urban centres (P < 0.01) and small as opposed to medium centres (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The rates of tunnelled haemodialysis catheter failure have fallen significantly over the past 25 years. Improvements in catheter outcomes underscore the contemporary importance of an individualised approach to dialysis access.</p>","PeriodicalId":13625,"journal":{"name":"Internal Medicine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147503866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving effective medicines governance: guiding principles for the roles and responsibilities of Medicines and Therapeutics Committees in Australian hospitals.","authors":"Lisa Crisp, Richard Day, Anita Shutt, Julie Briggs, Lisa Pulver","doi":"10.1111/imj.70404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.70404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Robust medicines governance is an essential component of good clinical governance for health service organisations. Standardisation of hospital medicines governance supports consistency in clinical care and equity in medicines access for patients both within those hospitals and at transitions of care. Medicines and Therapeutics Committees (MTCs) provide the strategic lead for medicines governance in Australian hospitals and have done so for many decades. Changes to the healthcare environment in which MTCs operate, however, have necessitated adaptation and evolution of these committees. Contemporary guidance is therefore required to support MTCs to provide consistent, high-quality medicines governance in Australia's modern healthcare environment. Achieving effective medicines governance: Guiding principles for the roles and responsibilities of Medicines and Therapeutics Committees in Australian hospitals was released in July 2025 with recommendations for the purpose, functions, structure, processes, documentation, communication and resourcing for Australian MTCs. The guidance is accompanied by a checklist to measure the performance of MTCs and other supporting resources. Australian hospital MTCs are encouraged to measure their practice against these guiding principles, using the associated tools, to achieve the best possible medicines governance within their available resourcing. Practice across jurisdictions is variable, and working to align individual MTC practices with the guiding principles will promote standardisation in approach to hospital medicines governance.</p>","PeriodicalId":13625,"journal":{"name":"Internal Medicine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147490908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practical recommendations for treating patients with chronic kidney disease in Australia: a multidisciplinary approach.","authors":"M P Schlaich, W P Abhayaratna, R Audehm, E I Ekinci, R J MacIsaac, A J Nelson, A Sharma, C Pollock","doi":"10.1111/imj.70403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.70403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant public health challenge in Australia, affecting ~10% of the adult population and contributing to substantial morbidity and mortality. Diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and CKD frequently co-exist; therefore, a multidisciplinary approach is necessary to manage these conditions. Recent advances in pharmacological therapies, particularly for diabetic kidney disease (DKD), can improve clinical outcomes. Current guidelines may not fully address the complexities of CKD management across all levels of care in the Australian context.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop simple, practical, evidence-based recommendations to guide healthcare practitioners in improving CKD management across Australia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multidisciplinary panel of eight healthcare practitioners (nephrologists, cardiologists, endocrinologists and general practitioners) employed an adapted virtual nominal group technique to achieve consensus on CKD management recommendations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The panel developed nine unique recommendations; five achieved consensus, and four were in accordance with GRADE guidance: Both urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) should be assessed regularly in patients at increased CKD risk. Most patients with CKD can be managed in primary care, with specialist referral when required. Ensure all cardiometabolic risk factors are assessed and managed proactively. For patients with diabetic kidney disease, consider the four pillars of therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These multidisciplinary consensus recommendations provide actionable guidance for Australian healthcare practitioners to improve CKD management across all levels of care, addressing the unique needs of the Australian healthcare landscape.</p>","PeriodicalId":13625,"journal":{"name":"Internal Medicine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147473380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National survey of real-world treatment patterns for early- and intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma reveals wide variation across Australian states.","authors":"Stuart K Roberts, Ammar Majeed, Kiran Rasaratnam, John K Olynyk, Nicholas Shackel, Marnie Wood, Alan Wigg, Simone I Strasser","doi":"10.1111/imj.70402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.70402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a heterogeneous and multi-disease state that is complex to manage and requires a multidisciplinary approach to optimise patient care. Best practice recommendations were proposed in the Australian HCC consensus statement published in 2020.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to compare the patterns of care between Australian states for patients with very-early- to intermediate-stage HCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multidisciplinary specialists involved in HCC management (n = 86) participated in one of six state-based meetings across Australia. Specialists were surveyed on their preferred management approaches at key clinical decision points for four patient case studies of very early- to intermediate-stage HCC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across Australia, approaches to HCC surveillance and diagnosis were concordant between states and aligned with the Australian HCC consensus statement recommendations. However, there was wide deviation between states in HCC treatment and monitoring strategies, particularly in the choice of imaging modality for assessing response to therapy, choice of locoregional therapy and consideration and timing of systemic therapy. The main factors contributing to variance between states in patterns of care for patients with very-early- to intermediate-stage HCC included accessibility of technology, centre expertise, collaborations and access to and participation in clinical trials.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In Australia, there is wide variation between states in the patterns of care for patients with very-early- to intermediate-stage HCC. The variation in HCC patterns of care between states likely reflects the rapidly evolving HCC treatment landscape and differential access to new therapeutic modalities and local expertise.</p>","PeriodicalId":13625,"journal":{"name":"Internal Medicine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147473457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Australian standard of care for Niemann-Pick disease type C.","authors":"Michel Tchan, Nicholas Smith, Heidi Peters, Ellie Van Velsen, Catherine Marraffa, Carolyn Ellaway, Katrina Cruz, Shekeeb S Mohammad, Maina Kava, Joy Yaplito-Lee, Shanti Balasubramaniam, Yusof Rahman, Brendon Boot, Ashley Bush, Felicity Munro, Leniza Hamoy, Ya Hui Hung, Philippa Johnston, Deanna Carpino, Molly Williams, Sharmila Kiss, Rebecca Quin, Ingrid Sutherland, Mark Walterfang","doi":"10.1111/imj.70370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/imj.70370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Niemann-Pick disease type C (NP-C) is the fifth most prevalent lysosomal disorder in Australia. Diagnostic delay is common, impacted by disease heterogeneity, limited awareness within clinical gateway services and exclusion from state-based newborn screening programmes. A formal diagnosis, once established, places a substantial burden on the whole family, the negative impact of which is far-reaching. A clear understanding of diagnostic pathways and management objectives in NP-C is critical for optimal care.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To develop an Australian standard of care for individuals diagnosed with NP-C and their families, reflecting international best practice and tailored to the Australian healthcare system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Australian NPC Disease Foundation Inc. convened a national, multidisciplinary collaboration including NP-C treating clinicians, allied health professionals and a community advisory group. Using an iterative consensus approach, published international guidance statements were reviewed, ratified, excluded or modified to align with the Australian context.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Consensus outputs included a diagnostic algorithm, a multidisciplinary care framework and management-centred management statements. The collaborative process resulted in a unified Australian standard of care for NP-C. This framework incorporates the carer perspective, emphasises shared decision-making and situates NP-C within the broader context of 'childhood dementias.' Consensus statements provide practical, evidence-aligned guidance on early recognition, diagnostic referral pathways and multidisciplinary management throughout disease progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This initiative represents the first Australia-specific standard of care for NP-C. It is hoped that adoption of the framework will lead to improved experiences for Australians living with NP-C and their carers as they navigate the healthcare setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":13625,"journal":{"name":"Internal Medicine Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147456823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}