Insect Science最新文献_第9页

Long-term rearing experiences influence parasitism ability of an ectoparasitoid wasp. 长期饲养对寄生蜂的寄生能力有影响。

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70115

Shumei Pan, Chunxia Wang, Jing Su, Xiangqian Huang, Shiyao Liu, Haodong Hao, Xiuju Yu, Hongxia Li, Jianghua Sun, Li Li, Zhudong Liu

{"title":"Long-term rearing experiences influence parasitism ability of an ectoparasitoid wasp.","authors":"Shumei Pan, Chunxia Wang, Jing Su, Xiangqian Huang, Shiyao Liu, Haodong Hao, Xiuju Yu, Hongxia Li, Jianghua Sun, Li Li, Zhudong Liu","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70115","url":null,"abstract":"Parasitoid wasps face increased mortality when paralyzing resistant hosts, involving host adaptation and biocontrol. This study investigates the plasticity of host adaptation in the ectoparasitoid Sclerodermus guani by examining how long-term rearing on hosts of differing resistance influences parasitism performance. Two distinct wasp lineages were established: the stressful Ma lineage, continuously reared on the highly resistant Monochamus alternatus (Ma) larvae, and the susceptible Sp lineage, continuously reared on the non-resistant Saperda populnea (Sp) larvae. Host preference assays revealed that Ma wasps exhibited a significant preference for Ma larvae, while Sp wasps favored Sp larvae. Although Ma wasps experienced higher mortality and a lower population increase index when reared on Ma larvae compared to the performance of Sp wasps on Sp larvae, they demonstrated superior parasitism efficiency when tested against resistant hosts. Specifically, Ma wasps had significantly lower mortality rates and higher population increase index than Sp wasps when both were tested on Ma larvae. In dual-parasitism trails, where 1 Ma wasp and 1 Sp wasp were introduced to the same Ma larvae, and in group trails involving 3 wasps from each lineage on the novel, high-resistant host Aromia bungii, the Ma wasps outperformed Sp wasps in paralysis success. Behavioral assays further indicated that Ma wasps invested more time in accessing host resistance but were quicker in locating hosts compared to Sp wasps. This research provides valuable insights for improving the design of mass rearing strategies to maximize the effectiveness of biological control agents in integrated pest management programs.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144583780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transgenerational effects of heavy metal contamination on two Trichogramma egg parasitoids and potential impacts on biological control. 重金属污染对两种赤眼蜂卵寄生蜂的跨代影响及其生物防治的潜在影响。

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70125

Jie Wang, Ning Di, Cheng-Xing Wang, Zheng-Yang Zhu, Sean M Prager, He-Xi Huang, John T Trumble, Nicolas Desneux, Yuan-Xi Li, Su Wang

{"title":"Transgenerational effects of heavy metal contamination on two Trichogramma egg parasitoids and potential impacts on biological control.","authors":"Jie Wang, Ning Di, Cheng-Xing Wang, Zheng-Yang Zhu, Sean M Prager, He-Xi Huang, John T Trumble, Nicolas Desneux, Yuan-Xi Li, Su Wang","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70125","url":null,"abstract":"The increased basic knowledge of biological control agents' bio-ecology under environmental stress provides useful information for optimizing integrated pest management. With an increasing awareness of cadmium (Cd) pollution in agroecosystems, this study evaluated the transgenerational effects and host preference of two widely distributed and utilized egg parasitoids, Trichogramma dendrolimi and Trichogramma japonicum through bottom-up effects mediated by Cd. The host rice moth Corcyra cephalonica was reared on a diet with 20 mg/kg Cd exposure for 1 generation; eggs were collected, and then exposed to Trichogramma. The survival rate, longevity, daily number of parasitized eggs, and fecundity of second generation (F1) females, emergence rate, and female adult proportion of the third generation (F2) were tested. After emerging from Cd-exposed hosts, the survival rate and longevity of F1 T. dendrolimi female adults were significantly increased, but the daily number of eggs parasitized by, and fecundity of, F1 T. japonicum were significantly decreased. Cd exposure significantly resulted in a preference for hosts exposed to Cd in both F1 T. dendrolimi and T. japonicum, whereas no such host preference was observed when the first generation (F0) parasitoids were not exposed to Cd during their development. Our study shows the transgenerational effects and host preference on natural enemies under heavy metal exposure stress in a species-specific way. This highlights the potential synergetic effects of heavy metal contamination on biological control. Specifically, the release of T. dendrolimi, rather than T. japonicum, should be favored at Cd-contaminated sites, where T. dendrolimi is a more suitable biocontrol agent.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of CYP4Gs involved in hydrocarbon formation in the survival, reproduction, and pyrethroid resistance of Triatoma infestans, a major Chagas disease vector. CYP4Gs在恰加斯病主要媒介——斑鼻虫（Triatoma infestans）的生存、繁殖和拟除虫菊酯抗性中参与碳氢化合物形成的作用

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70100

Nicolás Jesús Nazareth Ifrán, Sergio Javier Mijailovsky, Marianela Santana, Carolina Remón, Juan Roberto Girotti, Gustavo Mario Calderón-Fernández

{"title":"The role of CYP4Gs involved in hydrocarbon formation in the survival, reproduction, and pyrethroid resistance of Triatoma infestans, a major Chagas disease vector.","authors":"Nicolás Jesús Nazareth Ifrán, Sergio Javier Mijailovsky, Marianela Santana, Carolina Remón, Juan Roberto Girotti, Gustavo Mario Calderón-Fernández","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70100","url":null,"abstract":"Very long-chain normal and branched hydrocarbons are essential for insect physiology and ecology. The final metabolic step of hydrocarbon formation involves an oxidative decarbonylation carried out by cytochrome P450 from family 4, subfamily G (CYP4G). Triatoma infestans Klug (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) has two CYP4G genes, named CYP4G106 and CYP4G107. In this study, we have silenced in T. infestans the expression of both genes by RNA interference in order to assess the relevance of hydrocarbons to survival, reproductive physiology, and insecticide susceptibility. Gene knockdown led to a significant decrease (≈ 79%) in total cuticle hydrocarbons, especially normal alkanes. A reduced number of CYP4G-silenced nymphs completed metamorphosis, and adult survival-particularly among females-was markedly diminished. Although mating behavior was not affected by silencing, the reproductive fitness was severely impaired as CYP4G-silenced females laid about 77% fewer eggs per female than control females. Egg hatching was almost completely abolished by CYP4G-silencing. Furthermore, CYP4G gene knockdown increased susceptibility to the insecticide deltamethrin, leading to a 40%-50% higher mortality compared to control insects. These findings highlight the essential role of CYP4G genes in cuticle function, survival, and reproductive fitness and suggest that disruption of hydrocarbon biosynthesis can enhance insecticide efficacy, making it a potential target for control of these insects.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification of carbon dioxide receptors in the tropical bed bug, Cimex hemipterus (Hemiptera: Cimicidae). 热带臭虫半翅目：臭虫科二氧化碳受体的鉴定。

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70120

Delong Kong, Zitong Wang, Hui Guo, Tao Lin, Dingxin Jiang, Hualong Qiu, Tao Ma, Chunsheng Jia, Lufei Xie, Yongyue Lu, Feng Liu, Changlu Wang, Desen Wang

{"title":"Identification of carbon dioxide receptors in the tropical bed bug, Cimex hemipterus (Hemiptera: Cimicidae).","authors":"Delong Kong, Zitong Wang, Hui Guo, Tao Lin, Dingxin Jiang, Hualong Qiu, Tao Ma, Chunsheng Jia, Lufei Xie, Yongyue Lu, Feng Liu, Changlu Wang, Desen Wang","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70120","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon dioxide (CO2) plays a crucial role in the host search/localization process of bed bugs, Cimex lectularius L., and Cimex hemipterus (F.). Current research on the CO2 perception by bed bugs mainly focuses on their behavioral responses, and the molecular mechanisms are still unclear. In addition, existing research has mainly been conducted on C. lectularius with very little research on C. hemipterus. In this study, we investigated the behavioral response of C. hemipterus to CO2 and analyzed the role of antennae in the CO2 sensing process. Then, potential CO2 receptor genes were screened through antennal RNA sequencing and tissue-specific expression profiling analysis. Finally, the function of CO2 receptors was further validated using RNA interference. Results indicated that increasing the CO2 concentration in the air not only stimulated the activity of C. hemipterus, but also presented a directional attraction effect on them. CO2, with a concentration of 0.06%-1.8%, had a significant attraction effect on C. hemipterus. Removal of the antennae led to the loss of bed bugs' preference for CO2. Four candidate CO2 receptor genes (ChGR1, ChGR2, ChGR3, and ChGR4) were identified through transcriptomic analysis of the bed bug antennae, and 3 of them (ChGR2, ChGR3, and ChGR4) were highly expressed in the antennae. Silencing ChGR2 or ChGR4 individually led to a significant reduction or even loss of CO2 sensing ability in C. hemipterus. In conclusion, CO2 can induce the host searching behavior of C. hemipterus; moreover, ChGR2 and ChGR4 are crucial for detecting CO2 in C. hemipterus.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Arthropod diversity dynamics in guava and cherimoya plantations affected by Solenopsis invicta invasion. 无尾螺线苋入侵对番石榴和番荔枝人工林节肢动物多样性的影响

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70119

Yuling Liang, Yunbo Song, Jingxin Hong, Yangting Ou, Meng Chen, Jiarui Wu, Huimei Chen, Mingrong Liang, Yongyue Lu

{"title":"Arthropod diversity dynamics in guava and cherimoya plantations affected by Solenopsis invicta invasion.","authors":"Yuling Liang, Yunbo Song, Jingxin Hong, Yangting Ou, Meng Chen, Jiarui Wu, Huimei Chen, Mingrong Liang, Yongyue Lu","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70119","url":null,"abstract":"The red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta, RIFA) is one of the most ecologically disruptive invasive species, yet its impacts on arthropod biodiversity within subtropical orchard agroecosystems-particularly guava (Psidium guajava) and cherimoya (Annona cherimola) plantations-remain insufficiently quantified. This study investigated how RIFA invasion influences arthropod community composition, diversity and trophic group dynamics across these 2 plantation systems in southern China. Results indicated that RIFA invasions significantly reduced both order- and family-level richness and evenness. Arthropod order richness declined markedly in invaded areas, with only 8 orders detected in invaded cherimoya plots compared to 11 in non-invaded plots. At the family level, diversity decreased by 75% in guava plantations (from 8 to 2 families) and by 60% in cherimoya plantations (from 10 to 4 families). In invaded plots, RIFAs constituted over 80% of the total arthropod population. Hedges' g effect sizes further revealed substantial increases in overall arthropod abundance (+277.62%) and RIFA-specific abundance (+357.42%), coupled with significant declines in family richness (-16.29%) and non-RIFA arthropod abundance (-22.78%). Piecewise structural equation modeling indicated that RIFA exerted strong, negative impacts on detritivores and omnivores, while herbivores were less affected, indirectly suppressing predators by reducing their prey base. Collectively, these findings suggested that RIFA invasion drove pronounced taxonomic homogenization, functional simplification and trophic imbalance within agricultural landscapes. Effective, long-term monitoring and biodiversity-focused management strategies are urgently needed to mitigate the ecological degradation driven by RIFA invasions in these critical agroecosystems.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A preventive strategy for the control of aphids in sweet pepper using lacewings and micrococcinelid beetles. 应用草蛉和微球虫对甜椒蚜虫的防治策略。

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70099

Jesica Pérez-Rodríguez, Reinier T Valstar, Ada Leman, Gerben J Messelink

{"title":"A preventive strategy for the control of aphids in sweet pepper using lacewings and micrococcinelid beetles.","authors":"Jesica Pérez-Rodríguez, Reinier T Valstar, Ada Leman, Gerben J Messelink","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70099","url":null,"abstract":"Aphids are a serious threat to sweet pepper crops. Due to increasing aphid resistance to insecticides and rising demand for pesticide-free products, pest management is currently based on biological control programs. However, growers often face economic losses because these programs have limited success, largely due to poor establishment of natural enemies when aphid populations are low. This study aimed to evaluate new natural enemies for early-season aphid control. Two candidates were selected to be used against the aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae): the micrococcinellid Scymnus interruptus (Goeze) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and the brown lacewing Micromus variegatus (Fabricius) (Neuroptera: Hemerobiidae). Two studies were conducted to assess their potential as aphid biocontrol agents. Firstly, different alternative food sources that might help for supporting their establishment in the absence of aphids were tested. Secondly, in a greenhouse experiment conducted in walk-in cages, natural enemies were released under preventive conditions (long aphid absence). Their establishment, complementarity, and effectiveness were evaluated during 5 weeks, after periodical low aphid infestations. Our results exposed that supplemental food sources must be provided for the survival of M. variegatus when aphids are absent in the crop. However, S. interruptus could survive in absence of aphids in the presence of sweet pepper flowers for a long period. Our greenhouse trial showed S. interruptus provided better aphid control than M. variegatus but the best results came from combining both species. Overall, our study demonstrated the potential of M. variegatus and S. interruptus as preventive biocontrol agents against aphids in sweet pepper crops.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seasonal population dynamics and voltinism of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys in Northern Greece. 希腊北部褐纹臭虫的季节性种群动态和嗜毒性。

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70110

Eleni I Koutsogeorgiou, Theodoros Moysiadis, Emmanuel I Navrozidis, Nikos A Kouloussis, Stefanos S Andreadis

{"title":"Seasonal population dynamics and voltinism of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys in Northern Greece.","authors":"Eleni I Koutsogeorgiou, Theodoros Moysiadis, Emmanuel I Navrozidis, Nikos A Kouloussis, Stefanos S Andreadis","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70110","url":null,"abstract":"The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, is an invasive pest posing a significant threat to agricultural crops in various regions, including Northern Greece. This study investigates the seasonal abundance and population dynamics of H. halys in kiwifruit orchards across two prefectures, Imathia and Pieria, over a 3-year period (2021-2023). Monitoring was conducted using pheromone-baited traps to capture mobile life stages from May to October. Our results showcase adult emergence from overwintering sites in April, followed by two peaks in adult captures in late July to mid-August and late September, indicating the presence of two overlapping generations, furtherly corroborated by the corresponding seasonal pattern of L2 nymphs in both regions. Population density and peaks varied regionally, with Imathia consistently exhibiting higher numbers of H. halys compared to Pieria. Environmental factors, such as climatic conditions, likely influenced the timing of adult emergence and diapause termination and the seasonal shifts in population structure. The findings of this study underscore the importance of localized management strategies tailored to the specific ecological conditions of each region to mitigate the impact of H. halys on agricultural production.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular mechanisms of sex determination in Lepidoptera: current status and perspectives. 鳞翅目性别决定的分子机制：现状与展望。

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70111

František Marec, Atsuo Yoshido, Arjen E van T Hof

{"title":"Molecular mechanisms of sex determination in Lepidoptera: current status and perspectives.","authors":"František Marec, Atsuo Yoshido, Arjen E van T Hof","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70111","url":null,"abstract":"Moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera) are the largest group of organisms with female heterogamety and the sex chromosome system WZ/ZZ (female/male) or exceptionally Z0/ZZ. However, the genetic basis of sex determination in Lepidoptera remained unknown for a long time until the sex-determining pathway was discovered in 2014 in the silkworm Bombyx mori. In this species, the dominant W chromosome carries a Feminizer (Fem) gene encoding a precursor of a Fem piRNA that promotes femaleness by downregulating the expression of a Z-linked gene, Masculinizer (Masc). In the W chromosome absence, Masc promotes male development and controls dosage compensation. In the 10 years since this discovery, significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms of sex determination in Lepidoptera. Data from recent studies discussed in this review suggest a conserved role for Masc in male sex determination and dosage compensation in the clade Ditrysia, which comprises the majority of Lepidoptera. Although the primary sex-determining signals are not conserved, the presence of feminizing piRNAs of different origins in distantly related species suggests convergent evolution of a similar mechanism of female sex determination. A unique exception is zygosity-based sex determination in the butterfly Bicyclus anynana, where the primary signal is the state of the hypervariable Masc gene. In other species with a dispensable W chromosome, such as the silkmoth Samia cynthia, sex is determined by the Z:A ratio, but a molecular mechanism is not yet known. Overall, the available data suggest considerable diversity in the upstream molecular mechanisms of sex determination in Lepidoptera.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Eiger pleiotropically regulates the immunity of Ostrinia furnacalis larvae. 艾格多效性调节玉米螟幼虫免疫功能。

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70108

Honglun Bi, Wenlong Guo, Shiqi Lu, He Zhang, Yulin Liu, Qin Lu, Mengyao Dong, Shuzhong Li, Congjing Feng

{"title":"Eiger pleiotropically regulates the immunity of Ostrinia furnacalis larvae.","authors":"Honglun Bi, Wenlong Guo, Shiqi Lu, He Zhang, Yulin Liu, Qin Lu, Mengyao Dong, Shuzhong Li, Congjing Feng","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70108","url":null,"abstract":"The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily is a set of essential inflammatory cytokines. In Drosophila, as a homolog of TNF, Eiger was first identified, which is involved in innate immunity signaling pathways. However, in Lepidoptera, the functions of Eiger and its molecular regulatory mechanisms on immune responses are unknown. In this study, Eiger was cloned from Ostrinia furnacalis. OfEiger has a conserved structural domain of the TNF family. The expression of OfEiger increased with the age of O. furnacalis larvae, and was the highest in the hemocytes. After O. furnacalis larvae were injected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Micrococcus luteus, the expression of OfEiger was significantly upregulated. The expression levels of several genes in the immune pathways of O. furnacalis larvae were downregulated at 60 h post-injection of double-stranded Eiger (dsEiger), including IMD, Toll, nitric oxide (NO), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Moreover, the expression levels of the 4 antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), OfLebocin, OfAttacin, OfGloverin, and OfMoricin, were downregulated. In addition, the phagocytosis of Escherichia coli by hemocytes was reduced in O. furnacalis larvae after dsEiger injection. Injections of P. aeruginosa or M. luteus into O. furnacalis larvae following OfEiger RNA interference reduced the larvae's survival rate and increased the expression levels of OfMyD88 and OfJNK. Still, they suppressed the expression of OfNOS1 and AMP genes and inhibited phenoloxidase (PO) activity in O. furnacalis larvae. In conclusion, OfEiger is a vital insect immune regulator, which synergistically regulates IMD, Toll, NO, and MAPK signaling pathways and adjusts PO activity, cellular immunity, AMPs, and other effectors.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lethal and sublethal effects of three dust products on the tropical bed bug, Cimex hemipterus (Hemiptera: Cimicidae). 致命和亚致死效应的三个尘埃产品热带臭虫,臭虫hemipterus(半翅类:臭虫科)。

IF 2.9 1区农林科学

Insect Science Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70116

Delong Kong, Ruyue Zhai, Qiling Liang, Hui Guo, Zitong Wang, Changlu Wang, Tongen Ye, Junli Xiao, Lanfeng Wang, Lufei Xie, Tao Ma, Chunsheng Jia, Desen Wang

{"title":"Lethal and sublethal effects of three dust products on the tropical bed bug, Cimex hemipterus (Hemiptera: Cimicidae).","authors":"Delong Kong, Ruyue Zhai, Qiling Liang, Hui Guo, Zitong Wang, Changlu Wang, Tongen Ye, Junli Xiao, Lanfeng Wang, Lufei Xie, Tao Ma, Chunsheng Jia, Desen Wang","doi":"10.1111/1744-7917.70116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7917.70116","url":null,"abstract":"Desiccant dusts have been shown to be effective materials in the management of bed bugs (Cimex spp.). Past research primarily focused on exploring the direct lethal effect of dusts against bed bugs, whereas information on their sublethal effects on bed bugs are limited. In this study, we evaluated the lethal effect of 3 dust products (Johnson's® Baby powder, Vazor DE powder™, and CimeXa™; abbreviated as Baby powder, DE, and CimeXa) against the tropical bed bug, Cimex hemipterus (F.), under laboratory conditions. Results showed that the 3 dust products caused 97%-100% mortality to tropical bed bugs within 14 d, both in no-choice and choice experiments. However, in a brief exposure experiment (crossing a 2.5-cm-wide band), Baby powder exposure caused a significantly lower mortality (23%) than DE (88%) and CimeXa (100%). The more effective dusts (DE and CimeXa) were selected for further evaluation of their sublethal effects on C. hemipterus. DE and CimeXa caused significantly higher mortality (48%-58%) through horizontal transfer than that of control (6%). Brief exposure to DE and CimeXa dusts did not affect tropical bed bug activity and their response to CO2. However, CimeXa-exposed tropical bed bugs exhibited reduced feeding and lowered survival rate after feeding. Moreover, both DE and CimeXa dust bands showed strong barrier effects on the crawling of tropical bed bugs. Our results indicate that both DE and CimeXa have great potential for preventing C. hemipterus from reaching protected areas and for controlling C. hemipterus.","PeriodicalId":13618,"journal":{"name":"Insect Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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