Infectious Agents and Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Cox proportional hazard-model application: time to cervical cancer screening among women living with HIV in South Africa","authors":"Marcus Hollington","doi":"10.1186/s13027-023-00527-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13027-023-00527-6","url":null,"abstract":"There is an increased risk of cervical cancer among women living with HIV. While studies have long examined the association between cervical cancer among women with HIV, no study has examined the time taken for women with HIV to undergo cervical cancer screening as well as the hazard thereof in South Africa. The study used cross-sectional data from the 2016 South Africa Demographic and Health Survey. To allow for longitudinal analysis and to address the issue of right-censoring, the data were reformatted to a person-data file. The selection criteria were limited to women living with HIV (WLHIV) who had also responded to the question on cervical cancer screening. Descriptive statistics were employed to show the levels of HIV among women aged 15 and older in South Africa. Additionally, Kaplan‒Meier curves were employed to investigate the time to CCS by WLHIV in South Africa. Thereafter, an unadjusted Cox hazards regression model was employed to examine the hazard of undergoing CCS among WLHIV. Finally, it employed an adjusted model to examine the hazard of CCS among WLHIV while adjusting for other factors. Nineteen percent (n = 1,159) of the women who participated in the study tested positive for HIV. Herein, it was found that the risk of CCS among WLHIV began at the age of approximately 19 years. Thereafter, the hazard of undergoing CCS among WLHIV began to decrease at 58 years. There was a significant association between CCS and WLHIV. Additionally, several covariates were found to be significantly associated with HIV. These were race, province, area of residence, marriage, educational attainment, employment, alcohol consumption, perceived health perception, and health insurance. The hazard of CCS was lower among WLHIV compared to WLHIV who did not undergo CCS in South Africa. This puts HIV-positive women at risk of increased morbidity and mortality from potential cervical cancer and HIV comorbidity due to CCS deficits within this group. This is because they are susceptible to HPV and subsequent cervical cancer due to a compromised immune system. HIV-positive women need to routinely undergo CCS every 12 months from baseline for 3 years. Thereafter, they should undergo CCS once every 3 years to reduce their risk of developing the disease.","PeriodicalId":13568,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Agents and Cancer","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140019630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The global burden of cervical cancer requiring surgery: database estimates","authors":"Emma R Allanson, Syed Nabeel Zafar, Chidinma P Anakwenze, Kathleen M Schmeler, Edward L Trimble, Surbhi Grover","doi":"10.1186/s13027-023-00562-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13027-023-00562-3","url":null,"abstract":"Scaling up surgical services for cervical cancer in low and middle income countries requires quantification of the need for those services. The aim of this study was to estimate the global burden of cervical cancer for which access to surgery is required. This was a retrospective analysis of publicly available data. Cervical cancer incidence was extracted for each country from the World Health Organization, International Agency for Research, Global Cancer Observatory. The proportion of cases requiring surgery was extrapolated from the United States Surveillance, Epidemiology and End-Result database. The need for cervical cancer surgery was tested against development indicators. Data were available for 175 countries, representing 2.9 billion females aged 15 and over. There were approximately 566,911 women diagnosed with cervical cancer (95% CI 565,462–568,360). An estimated 56.9% of these women (322,686) would require surgery for diagnosis, treatment or palliation (95% CI 321,955 − 323,417). Cervical cancers for which surgery is required represent less than 1% of cancers in high income countries, and nearly 10% of cancers in low income countries. At least 300,000 cervical cancer cases worldwide require access to surgical services annually. Gathering data on available cervical cancer surgery services in LMIC are a critical next step.","PeriodicalId":13568,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Agents and Cancer","volume":"242 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139968781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in gynaecologic cancer mortality and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.","authors":"Yuyan Xi, Yuxin Guo, Sikai Qiu, Fan Lv, Yujiao Deng, Jingyi Xie, Zixuan Xing, Yajing Bo, Chenyu Chang, Fan Zhang, Fanpu Ji, Mu Li","doi":"10.1186/s13027-024-00567-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13027-024-00567-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Our aim was to assess the trend in gynaecologic cancer (GC) mortality in the period from 2010 to 2022 in the United States, with focus on the impact of the pandemic on increased deaths.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>GC mortality data were extracted from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) platform. We analysed mortality trends and evaluated observed vs. predicted mortality for the period from 2020 to 2022 with joinpoint regression and prediction modelling analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 334,382 deaths among adults aged 25 years and older with gynaecologic cancer were documented from 2010 to 2022. The overall age-standardised mortality rate (ASMR, per 100,000 persons) for ovarian cancer-related death decreased gradually from 7.189 in 2010 to 5.517 in 2019, yielding an APC (annual percentage change) of -2.8%. However, the decrease in ovarian cancer-related mortality slowed down by more than 4-fold during the pandemic. Cervical cancer -related mortality decreased slightly prior to the pandemic and increased during the pandemic with an APC of 0.6%, resulting in excess mortality of 4.92%, 9.73% and 2.03% in 2020, 2021 and 2022, respectively. For uterine corpus cancer, the ASMR increased from 1.905 in 2010 to 2.787 in 2019, and increased sharply to 3.079 in 2021 and 3.211 in 2022. The ASMR rose steadily between 2013 and 2022, yielding an APC of 6.9%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, we found that GC-related mortality increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and this increase was not specific to age, race, or ethnicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":13568,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Agents and Cancer","volume":"19 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10880335/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139912557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The causality between CD8+NKT cells and CD16−CD56 on NK cells with hepatocellular carcinoma: a Mendelian randomization study","authors":"Zhengmei Lu, Xiaowei Chai, Yong Pan, Shibo Li","doi":"10.1186/s13027-024-00565-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13027-024-00565-8","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is featured with high morbidity and mortality worldwide, is a primary malignant tumor of the liver. Recently, there is a wealth of supporting evidence revealing that NK cell-related immune traits are strongly associated with the development of HCC, but the causality between them has not been proven. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was performed to probe the causal correlation between NK cell-related immune traits and HCC. Genetic variations in NK cell-related immune traits were extracted from recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of individuals with European blood lineage. HCC data were derived from the UK Biobank Consortium's GWAS summary count data, including a total of 372,184 female and male subjects, with 168 cases and 372,016 controls, all of whom are of European ancestry. Sensitivity analysis was mainly used for heterogeneity and pleiotropy testing. Our research indicated the causality between NK cell-related immune traits and HCC. Importantly, CD8+NKT cells had protective causal effects on HCC (OR = 0.9996;95%CI,0.9993–0.9999; P = 0.0489). CD16−CD56 caused similar effects on NK cells (OR = 0.9997;95%CI,0.9996–0.9999; P = 0.0117) as CD8+NKT cells. Intercepts from Egger showed no pleiotropy and confounding factors. Furthermore, insufficient evidence was found to support the existence of heterogeneity by Cochran's Q test. MR analysis suggested that low CD8+NKT cells and CD16−CD56 expression on NK cells were linked with a higher risk of HCC.","PeriodicalId":13568,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Agents and Cancer","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139509609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of endometrial cancer clinical research in Africa.","authors":"Chidinma P Anakwenze, Agnes Ewongwo, Louisa Onyewadume, Ademola Oyekan, Chinelo Onwualu Chigbo, Luca Valle, Yimin Geng, Paul Olapade, Kenechukwu Okwunze, Nwamaka Lasebikan, Anuja Jhingran, Onyinye D Balogun, Atara Ntekim","doi":"10.1186/s13027-023-00563-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13027-023-00563-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Women in Africa are experiencing a rising burden of endometrial cancer. Research and investment to improve treatment and outcomes are critically needed. We systematically reviewed and characterized endometrial cancer-related research within a clinically relevant context to help organize and assess existing endometrial cancer research in Africa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>According to PRISMA guidelines, we searched online databases for published endometrial cancer articles from African countries from January 1, 2011, to July 20, 2021. Based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria, independent reviewers documented the study design, country/region, human development index, focus of research, type of interventions performed, and histologic and molecular type to illustrate the breadth of research coverage in each region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 18 research articles were included. With an average Human Development Index (HDI) in Africa of 0.536, the average HDI of the represented countries in this study was 0.709. The majority (88.9%) of prospective endometrial cancer research articles in Africa were from North Africa, with Egypt encompassing 83.3% of the papers. Most of these studies focused on endometrial cancer diagnosis. Research on the treatment of endometrial cancer is still emerging (33% of papers). Of all included articles, only 11.1% represented Sub-Saharan Africa, where the majority population of black Africans reside.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Endometrial cancer research in Africa is extremely limited, with the majority being concentrated in African countries with higher HDIs. As the incidence of endometrial cancer rises in Sub-Saharan Africa, there is a pressing need for more prospective clinical research to tackle the growing disease burden and improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13568,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Agents and Cancer","volume":"19 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10787484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139432070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prognostic role of PD-L1 expression and the presence of polyomavirus in Merkel cell carcinoma cases","authors":"Stella Meireles Siqueira, Gabriella Campos-do-Carmo, Paulo Ricardo Garcia da Silva, Isabele Ávila Small, Andreia Cristina De Melo","doi":"10.1186/s13027-023-00564-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13027-023-00564-1","url":null,"abstract":"Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) comprises a rare malignant primary skin tumor presenting neuroendocrine differentiation. Recently, agents blocking the programmed cell death protein 1 and programmed cell death protein ligand 1 pathway (PD-1/PD-L1) have demonstrated objective and durable tumor regressions in patients presenting advanced MCC. This study aimed to describe the sociodemographic, clinical, and histopathological characteristics of MCC patients, also assessing the prevalence of PD-L1 expression and Merkel cell Polyomavirus (MCPyV), as well as their prognostic roles. Data from patients diagnosed with MCC between 1996 and 2019 at a reference cancer center in Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil, were evaluated in a retrospective study. Tumor samples were tested for MCPyV and PD-L1 employing immunohistochemistry. Survival analyses were carried out employing the Kaplan–Meier method and curves were compared using the log-rank test. A multiple semiparametric Cox model was used. Values p < 0.05 were considered significant. A total of 65 patients were included in the study, with a mean age at diagnosis of 72 (standard deviation 13.9). A total of 56.9% (37/65) of the patients were male, 86.2% (56/65) were white, and 56.9% (37/64) were illiterate or with incomplete elementary school. MCPyV immunohistochemistry was positive in 29 cases (44.6%) and PD-L1 positivity was ≥ 1% in 42 cases (64.6%). Significant associations between MCPyV and PD-L1 expression ≥ 1% (p = 0.003) and PD-L1 expression ≥ 5% (p = 0.005) were noted. Concerning the multivariate analysis, only education level and advanced MCC stage indicated statistically significant worse progression-free survival. Regarding overall survival (OS), being male, education level and advanced stage comprised risk factors. The estimated OS at 60 months for stages I to III was of 48.9% and for stage IV, 8.9%. This is the first large Brazilian cohort to assess the prevalence of MCPyV in MCC tumors, as well as PD-L1 expression and their associations. No correlations were noted between MCPyV infection or PD-L1 expression and survival rates.","PeriodicalId":13568,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Agents and Cancer","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139093108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Willingness to accept human papilloma virus vaccination and its associated factors among parents with eligible daughters in Addis Zemen town, Northwest Ethiopia.","authors":"Mulugeta Wassie, Alebachew Ferede Zegeye, Wondesen Worku, Tiruye Sisay, Tsadik Eyob, Daniel Ayelegne Gebeyehu","doi":"10.1186/s13027-023-00551-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13027-023-00551-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. Evidences show that, routine immunization of girls at age 14 year and immunization of girls at age 9 year through a 5 years extended interval between doses are the most efficient to control the disease. Despite this, there is very little information on parents' willingness to accept the human papilloma virus vaccine. Therefore, assessing willingness to accept human papilloma virus vaccination and its associated factors among parents with eligible daughter will help to designing, implementing and monitoring effectiveness of HPV vaccine immunization program.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 386 parents with eligible daughters from 8July-6August, 2022. The multistage sampling technique was used. Data was collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Responses were coded and entered into the computer using EPI data version 4.606 statistical packages, and SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis. Frequencies, percentages and means were as to describe the study variables in relation to the participants. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were employed. The statistical significance was set at a p-value of < 0.05 with its respected odds ratio.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 386 study participants were included in the study. Among participants, 80.3% (95% CI: 76.3, 84) were willing to vaccinate their daughters for HPV vaccination. The parents' willingness was affected by the male parents ([AOR = 3.5; 95% CI (1.673-7.371)], fear of side effects [AOR = 0.385; 95% CI (0.206-0.718)], and with poor awareness on the HPV vaccine [AOR = 0.483; 95% CI (0.259- 0.900)].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study has shown that willingness to accept the HPV vaccine is about 80% and significantly affected with parental sex, information on the HPV vaccine, and fear of side effects. As such, it may be helpful for the health care providers and the health care policy makers to emphasize on providing easily understandable information using mass media and social campaign. In addition giving trainings more targeted to female parents might be important.</p>","PeriodicalId":13568,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Agents and Cancer","volume":"18 1","pages":"84"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10740298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138829625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Do women with high-risk HPV E6/E7 mRNA test positivity and NILM cytology need colposcopy?","authors":"Ying Liu, Xiu Jin, Yingying Gong, Yingying Ma, Beibei Du, Linqing Yang, Yunfei Wang, Weipei Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s13027-023-00554-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13027-023-00554-3","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Infectious Agents and Cancer (2023) 18:54&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;https://doi.org/10.1186/s13027-023-00531-w&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; After publication of this article [1], the authors reported that in this article all authors were assigned to affiliations 1 and 2, but it should be as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; Ying Liu: 1 and 2;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; Xiu Jin, Yingying Gong, Yingying Ma, Beibei Du, Linqing Yang and Yunfei Wang: 2;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; Weipei Zhu: 1.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The original article [1] has been corrected.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol data-track-component=\"outbound reference\"&gt;&lt;li data-counter=\"1.\"&gt;&lt;p&gt;Liu Y, Jin X, Gong Y, et al. Do women with high-risk HPV E6/E7 mRNA test positivity and NILM cytology need colposcopy? Infect Agents Cancer. 2023;18:54. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13027-023-00531-w.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Article CAS Google Scholar &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;p&gt;Download references&lt;svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" role=\"img\" width=\"16\"&gt;&lt;use xlink:href=\"#icon-eds-i-download-medium\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"&gt;&lt;/use&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Authors and Affiliations&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ying Liu &amp; Weipei Zhu&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Shandong, 272000, China&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ying Liu, Xiu Jin, Yingying Gong, Yingying Ma, Beibei Du, Linqing Yang &amp; Yunfei Wang&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;span&gt;Authors&lt;/span&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;Ying Liu&lt;/span&gt;View author publications&lt;p&gt;You can also search for this author in &lt;span&gt;PubMed&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Google Scholar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;Xiu Jin&lt;/span&gt;View author publications&lt;p&gt;You can also search for this author in &lt;span&gt;PubMed&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Google Scholar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;Yingying Gong&lt;/span&gt;View author publications&lt;p&gt;You can also search for this author in &lt;span&gt;PubMed&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Google Scholar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;Yingying Ma&lt;/span&gt;View author publications&lt;p&gt;You can also search for this author in &lt;span&gt;PubMed&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Google Scholar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;Beibei Du&lt;/span&gt;View author publications&lt;p&gt;You can also search for this author in &lt;span&gt;PubMed&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Google Scholar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;Linqing Yang&lt;/span&gt;View author publications&lt;p&gt;You can also search for this author in &lt;span&gt;PubMed&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Google Scholar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;Yunfei Wang&lt;/span&gt;View author publications&lt;p&gt;You can also search for this author in &lt;span&gt;PubMed&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Google Scholar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;span&gt;Weipei Zhu&lt;/span&gt;View author publications&lt;p&gt;You can also search for this author in &lt;span&gt;PubMed&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Google Scholar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Corresponding authors&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Correspondence to Yunfei Wang or Weipei Zhu.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Publisher’s Note&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The online version of the original article can be found at https://doi.org/10.1186/s13027-023-00531-w&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Open Access&lt;/b&gt; This article is l","PeriodicalId":13568,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Agents and Cancer","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138569569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polygenic risk scores for cervical HPV infection, neoplasia and cancer show potential for personalised screening: comparison of two methods.","authors":"Anna Tisler, Anneli Uusküla, Sven Erik Ojavee, Kristi Läll, Triin Laisk","doi":"10.1186/s13027-023-00561-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13027-023-00561-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The era of precision medicine requires the achievement of accurate risk assessment. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) have strong potential for increasing the benefits of nationwide cancer screening programs. The current pool of evidence on the role of a PRS as a risk stratification model in actual practice and implementation is limited. To better understand the impact of possible method-induced variance, we constructed and validated two PRSs for cervical cancer (CC) using the Estonian Biobank female population (691 CC cases and 13,820 controls) and evaluated their utility in predicting incident cervical neoplasia (CIN), cancer, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection using two methods (LDPred and BayesRR-RC). This study demonstrated that two genetic risk scores were significantly associated with CIN, CC, and HPV infection incidence. Independent of the method, we demonstrated that women with elevated PRS values reached the observed cumulative risk levels of CIN or CC much earlier. Our results indicated that the PRS-based discrimination rules could differ substantially when the PRSs contain similar predictive information. In summary, our analysis indicated that PRSs represent a personalized genetic component that could be an additional tool for cervical cancer risk stratification, and earlier detection of abnormalities provides invaluable information for those at high risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":13568,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Agents and Cancer","volume":"18 1","pages":"82"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10702115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138498316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-conization surveillance in an organized cervical screening program with more than 23,000 years of follow-up.","authors":"Avalon Sundqvist, Johanna Nicklasson, Pernilla Olausson, Christer Borgfeldt","doi":"10.1186/s13027-023-00545-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13027-023-00545-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cervical cancer is preventable through screening and vaccination against high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV). For a screening program to be successful it is vital that the clinical management and follow-up regime of patients with abnormal screening results is well developed and that the attendance rate for follow-up is high. The aim of the study was to analyze how effective conization with recommended follow-up was in preventing subsequent cervical cancer, and to evaluate how clinical follow-up recommendations are obeyed in the region of Skåne, Sweden.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All women (n = 8835) who had undergone conization in the region of Skåne, Sweden, between the years of 2015 and 2021 were identified. Individuals with confirmed cervical cancer in the conization material were referred for additional treatment (n = 114), leaving 8721 included in the follow-up. Adherence to follow-up and cytological, histopathological and HPV status at follow-up were collected at eight, 12 and 24 months post-conization. The total follow-up time was from January 1, 2015, to January 30, 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within 12 months post-conization, 90% of the patients conducted a cytological cervical sample. The rates of a negative test of cure (HPV negative and normal cytology) were 69.7%, 76.3% and 84.4% at eight, 12 and 24 months post-conization respectively. The clearance of HPV was 79.6%, 80.8% and 87.8% at eight, 12 and 24 months post-conization respectively. Out of 5613 patients with a negative test of cure within one year after conization, no cervical cancer was found during follow-up and 11 (0.2%) women developed high-grade intraepithelial lesions/adenocarcinoma in situ (HSIL/AIS) with an average time from conization to new diagnosis of 42 months. The mean follow-up time was 32.1 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The clearance rate of hr-HPV post cervical conization due to dysplasia appears to be high within eight months. With a negative test of cure post cervical conization, the risk of cervical cancer within the following three years seems to be extremely low and the risk of developing HSIL/AIS was lower than the incidence of HSIL/AIS in the general screening population.</p>","PeriodicalId":13568,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Agents and Cancer","volume":"18 1","pages":"81"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10701928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138498317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}