Infectious Agents and Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Primary hepatic Epstein-Barr virus-positive inflammatory follicular dendritic cell sarcoma: a rare case with genomic profiling and therapeutic implications.","authors":"Jun Lu, Jinhui Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s13027-026-00751-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13027-026-00751-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatic Epstein-Barr virus-positive inflammatory follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (EBV+IFDCS) is an extremely rare low-grade malignant tumor. Due to its rarity and lack of specific symptoms, laboratory markers, or characteristic imaging features, this disease is frequently misdiagnosed. A 50-year-old woman was diagnosed with left hepatic mass and underwent laparoscopic left hemihepatectomy. The postoperative histopathology confirmed EBV+IFDCS. To our knowledge, we conducted the first-ever genetic testing for hepatic EBV+IFDCS. The analysis indicates that the patient has a low tumor mutational burden and low microsatellite instability, with no identifiable targetable gene mutations, but may have potential sensitivity to certain chemotherapy agents. Postoperatively, the patient was empirically treated with six cycles of S-1 chemotherapy (60 mg twice daily, 2 weeks on/1 week off), and the recovery process was uneventful. We hope that our findings may contribute to the understanding and clinical management of this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":13568,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Agents and Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13112742/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147573872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glancing at the role of Toxoplasma gondii in neuro-oncology: from risk factor to therapeutic target.","authors":"Maha M Eissa, Noor Al-Huda F Ali, Nahla El Skhawy","doi":"10.1186/s13027-026-00747-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13027-026-00747-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, with brain tumors posing significant challenges due to their site and complexity. Therefore, exploring tumor pathogenesis and the discovery of novel therapeutic agents have drawn attention to the role of infectious agents. Toxoplasma gondii is a highly prevalent protozoan parasite that establishes a chronic latent infection in neural tissues. Several epidemiological studies have linked infection with Toxoplasma gondii to a higher risk of developing cancer, particularly brain tumors. However, research findings are controversial, with some reports suggesting no clear link, and others even proposing that Toxoplasma gondii infection could ignite the immune system, consequently fighting brain cancer. MAIN BODY: In this review, we screened several major scientific databases for studies published up to July 2025. We included human and experimental studies that explored the potential oncogenic and oncosuppressive effects of Toxoplasma gondii in brain tumors. While some epidemiological studies suggest that Toxoplasma gondii infection is a risk factor, others have pointed out that the incidence of this parasitic infection may be due to the opportunistic nature of the parasite, leading to reactivation of latent infection or acquiring a new infection in immunosuppressed cancer patients. Additionally, pre-clinical studies have shown that Toxoplasma gondii could boost the immune cells and modify the tumor microenvironment to fight brain tumors. CONCLUSION: This review emphasizes the potential role of Toxoplasma gondii as a valuable resource that warrants further exploration for its promising anti-neoplastic activity against brain cancer, as well as other types of cancer. </p>","PeriodicalId":13568,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Agents and Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13063455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147520976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of oncogenic viruses on autoimmune diseases and tumorigenesis.","authors":"Vahideh Hamidi Sofiani, Fatemeh Khodadadpour Mahani, Niloofar Farsiu, Maysam Yousefi, Malihe Naderi, Ghazal Ahmadi, Mohsen Nakhaie","doi":"10.1186/s13027-026-00746-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13027-026-00746-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system loses its ability to differentiate self from non-self, resulting in a breakdown of immune tolerance. Their development is shaped by a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental triggers, among which viral infections play a key role. Oncogenic viruses are of particular interest due to their dual involvement in both cancer development and autoimmune responses. The overlapping molecular mechanisms between autoimmunity and cancer suggest a complex interplay that requires further exploration. Interestingly, autoimmune diseases and early-stage cancers often share inflammatory features, whereas advanced cancers tend to exhibit an opposing immune environment. This contrast may help explain the higher incidence of cancer and the lower cancer-specific mortality observed in patients with pre-existing autoimmune disorders. This review explores the current understanding of oncogenic viruses and their role in linking autoimmune diseases and cancer, emphasizing the importance of shared molecular pathways between these conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13568,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Agents and Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13097849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147480654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing T-cell responses to Epstein-Barr virus in individuals at risk for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.","authors":"Wan-Lun Hsu, Chieh-Ju Lee, Anna E Coghill, Zhiwei Liu, Kelly J Yu, Julia Simon, Allan Hildesheim, Tim Waterboer, Graham S Taylor, Jay A Berzofsky, Cheng-Ping Wang, Yi-Hsiang Huang","doi":"10.1186/s13027-026-00743-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13027-026-00743-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Elevated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibody levels are associated with risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and risk scores based on these antibodies can predict NPC risk with high accuracy. The immune mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. We evaluated whether individuals with elevated EBV-NPC antibody risk scores had a reduced T-cell response to EBV proteins within a NPC multiplex family study in Taiwan. METHODS: In total, 79 cancer-free individuals from families with a history of NPC had blood tested for (i) EBV antibodies using a multiplex serology assay and (ii) T-cell responses to 7 EBV proteins (EBNA1, LMP1, LMP2, BZLF1, BRLF1, BARF1, gp350) using interferon-γ ELISPOT. RESULTS: Excluding individuals with low phytohemagglutinin proliferative responses, no statistically significant association was observed between lower EBV T-cell responses and higher EBV antibody-based NPC risk scores (P = 0.21). However, our findings did trend in the a-priori hypothesized direction, with lower EBV T-cell responses noted among those with higher EBV antibody-based NPC risk scores. Compared to individuals who responded to at least 3 EBV-specific T-cell peptide pools by ELISPOT, those who responded to 1–2 peptide pools had a 10% increased risk of having an EBV-NPC risk score above the median value (OR = 1.1; 95% CI = 0.3, 4.5) and those who responded to none had a 3-fold increased risk (OR = 3.0; 95% CI = 0.6, 17). CONCLUSIONS: Our study is the first to evaluate whether high EBV antibody responses observed among individuals at risk of NPC are associated with reduced T-cell responses to EBV. Our findings suggest such an association but require replication in larger studies. </p>","PeriodicalId":13568,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Agents and Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13094075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147432701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dengue virus infection and potential association with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Egypt: a pilot study.","authors":"Lamiaa Fadel Alkilany, Shaza Fadel Alkilany, Azza Shibl, Doaa A Mohammed, Mayada Fawzy Sedik, Hyam H Mahran, Yomna R Mahboub, Hany K Soliman, Aliaa M A Ghandour","doi":"10.1186/s13027-026-00738-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13027-026-00738-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>OBJECTIVES: Dengue fever is arthropod born disease transmitted by the bite of a mosquito called Aedes aegypti. Some researchers have suggested a link between previous dengue infection and leukemia. The aim of this pilot study is to determine the frequency of dengue infection in acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients (ALL) compared to age and sex matched controls and to find the impact of this infection on the disease outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a single center pilot study that included two groups, 30 newly diagnosed pediatric ALL patients and 22 newly diagnosed adult ALL patients that were compared with 50 age and sex matched healthy controls (25 for each group) and 8 pediatric immunosuppressed controls. ELISA was used to detect IgM and IgG antibodies in serum samples at presentation and clinical and laboratory data at admission were collected. Positive and negative dengue patients were followed up for a minimum of six months (hybrid case control –cohort study). RESULTS: Among pediatric patients who were evaluated for dengue infection by the serological tests, 46.7% (14/30), 8% (2/25) and 0% (0/8) tested positive for IgG in patients, immuno-competent and immunocompromised controls respectively (p value 0.002). There was a significant association between acute dengue infection and BCR-ABL fusion oncogenic gene only in pediatric patients. No statistically significant difference in short term outcomes was observed. CONCLUSION: This pilot study provides preliminary data to guide large scale research on the role of dengue infection as a predisposing or exacerbating factor in genetically susceptible children. </p>","PeriodicalId":13568,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Agents and Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13036980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147432675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of lymph node ratio with adjuvant radiotherapy benefit in human papillomavirus-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: a population-based analysis.","authors":"Zhen-Zhen Lu, Xin-Jia Chen, Zi-Qing You, Yi-Min Li, San-Gang Wu","doi":"10.1186/s13027-026-00744-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13027-026-00744-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PURPOSE: To analyze the prognostic value of lymph node ratio (LNR, number of metastatic nodes divided by total nodes excised) and to determine whether LNR can guide treatment decisions in human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC). METHODS: We retrospectively included HPV-related OPC who underwent surgery and lymph node dissection between 2010 and 2020 using the data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and Multivariate Cox regression models were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: A total of 2922 patients were included. The ROC curve analysis showed that LNR has significantly better efficacy than pathological nodal (pN) staging in predicting overall survival (OS) in patients without adjuvant radiotherapy (area under the curve 0.726 vs. 0.681, P = 0.047). Using OS as the endpoint, the optimal cutoff values for predicting OS were determined by ROC curve analysis to be 4.0% for LNR. Multivariate analysis confirmed LNR ≥ 4.0% as an independent prognostic factor for worse cancer-specific survival (CSS) and OS in the entire cohort and in those without adjuvant radiotherapy. In the subgroup with LNR < 4.0%, there was no significant difference in CSS (P = 0.788) and OS (P = 0.327) between patients who received radiotherapy and those who did not. However, in the group with LNR ≥ 4.0%, radiotherapy resulted in better 3-year CSS (95.2% vs. 85.9%, P < 0.001) and OS (93.9% vs. 82.7%, P < 0.001) than those who did not. LNR-based stratification could potentially spare 24.4% of patients from unnecessary adjuvant radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: LNR is a significant prognostic factor in HPV-related OPC and can help refine risk stratification and treatment decision-making. Adjuvant radiotherapy provides substantial survival benefits in patients with LNR ≥ 4.0%. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable. </p>","PeriodicalId":13568,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Agents and Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13037295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147354773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viral zoonosis and human cancer: further perspectives and considerations.","authors":"Brian Salmons, Walter H Gunzburg","doi":"10.1186/s13027-026-00745-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13027-026-00745-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A recent review by Aguayo appearing in Infectious Agents and Cancer gave a timely overview of viruses that have been associated with human breast cancer. In this Matters Arising article, we discuss some critical additional points and concerns that are pertinent for this important and contentious research focus, in particular as it pertains to the involvement of the retrovirus mouse mammary tumor virus and its closely related human betaretrovirus form. This includes additional evidence for zoonotic as well as horizontal transfer of the virus and also odds ratio data on the likelihood of an involvement of the viruses proposed to be involved in human breast cancer. In our opinion, this information redresses the balance of the Aguayo review article and make a much more compelling case for this retrovirus being one of the causes of human breast cancer.Clinical trial number Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":13568,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Agents and Cancer","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12955054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147348238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Gardnerella vaginalis in HR HPV-positive women and its association with squamous intraepithelial lesions.","authors":"Angela Serafini, Giuditta Fiorella Schiavano, Mauro De Santi, Michele De Nictolis, Giorgio Brandi","doi":"10.1186/s13027-026-00741-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13027-026-00741-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide. Only a small percentage of high-risk (HR) HPV infections progress to cervical precancer and cancer. Recent research indicates the potential association between the variation of vaginal microbiota and the acquisition and persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. However, the association of STIs with HPV cervical infection and cervicovaginal lesions has not yet been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to assess how G. vaginalis is associated with HPV infection and cervical dysplasia, and the beneficial role of Lactobacillus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 723 women aged between 17 and 79 years were studied. A complete cervico-vaginal swab for a cervico-vaginal cytological examination (Pap test) and the simultaneous identification, by Real-Time PCR, of the presence of HR-HPV and other STI pathogens, was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The HPV positive women were 37.2%, with a prevalence significantly different in the various age groups. The most frequent genotype was HPV-16, while G. vaginalis was found in 369 women, in which 51.8% of cases occurred together with HPV-HR, highlighting a significant association between the two infections (p < 0.001). Moreover, a marked reduction in HR-HPV infection was observed in the presence of Lactobacillus. (p < 0.001). All-grade lesions were significantly associated with G. vaginalis and detected in 65.4% of G. vaginalis-positive samples (p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study strengthen the hypothesis of the association between HPV infections and microbiota in cervical lesions.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":13568,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Agents and Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12961835/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147305255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the presence of cervical human papillomavirus and the distribution of preinvasive lesions in patients using immunomodulators-Inosine Pranobex.","authors":"Belma Gözde Özdemir, Gunay Safarova, Osman Yıldırım, Mercan Aslan, Fazıl Avcı, Ahmet Bilgi, Çetin Çelik","doi":"10.1186/s13027-026-00742-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13027-026-00742-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus treatment is known to benefit from humoral and cellular immunity. It has been demonstrated that the immunomodulatory drug Inosine Pranobex (IP) increases T-cell proliferation, the number and function of natural killer cells, and the levels of T helper 1-type cytokines, including IL-2 and IFN-γ. The objective was to assess the efficacy of Inosine Pranobex in clearing HPV and precancerous lesions, as well as its effectiveness in regressing precancerous lesions. METHODS: A total of 624 patients with HPV positivity and/or cervical precancerous lesions who presented to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Selçuk University Faculty of Medicine between 2022 and 2025 were evaluated. Two groups were formed: patients using it and those not using it. For patients enrolled in a given year, the results obtained in the subsequent year were considered the one-year follow-up outcomes. One-year follow-up results were analyzed. RESULTS: HPV clearance rate was significantly higher in the Inosine Pranobex group compared to the control group (68.1% vs. 39.6%, p = 0.001). Viral clearance rates were significantly higher in the IP group, particularly for high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types, including HPV 16, HPV 18, and HPV 45. Similarly, IP treatment significantly increased HPV clearance in smokers. Regression rates of cervical lesions were higher in the Inosine Pranobex group, particularly in low-grade lesions, although the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Inosine Pranobex reduces viral load and contributes to the regression of cervical lesions thanks to its antiviral and immunomodulatory effects in HPV infections. In clinical studies, a significant increase in viral clearance rates was observed during treatment. These findings indicate that the drug can be used as a complementary treatment in HPV-related pathologies. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable. </p>","PeriodicalId":13568,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Agents and Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12933900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146226629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic role of whole blood Epstein‑Barr virus DNA load in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma.","authors":"Yi Zhong, Mengmeng Dong, Fang Yu, Yi Zhao, Lixia Zhu, Fengping Zhou, Wenjun Wu, Yi Li, Fangshu Guan, Linlin Huang, Xiujin Ye, Zhen Cai, Jin Zhang, Baodong Ye, Qingming Wang, Jingsong He","doi":"10.1186/s13027-026-00739-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13027-026-00739-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>OBJECTIVE: The prognostic role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in aggressive angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of whole blood EBV DNA at diagnosis in AITL patients, establish an optimal prognostic cutoff, and develop a novel prognostic index incorporating this viral biomarker. METHODS: This multicenter retrospective study included 323 newly diagnosed AITL patients. The optimal cutoff of EBV DNA was determined using maximally selected rank statistics. Independent prognostic factors identified by multivariate Cox regression were used to construct a novel prognostic index (AITL prognostic index [API]), which was internally validated and compared with existing models. RESULTS: At diagnosis, 241 (74.6%) AITL patients were EBV DNA positive, with 143 (44.3%) exceeding the optimal cutoff for EBV DNA load of 6110 copies/mL. EBV DNA > 6110 copies/mL was established as an independent adverse factor for overall survival (HR, 1.553; p =.006), along with age ≥ 60 years, ECOG ≥ 2, platelets < 150 × 109/L, and extranodal sites > 1. Based on these thresholds, API was used to stratify patients into four distinct risk groups with significantly different median OS (p <.001) and demonstrated superior discriminatory power (Harrell’s C-statistic: 0.741; Akaike Information Criterion value: 1829.1) compared to IPI, PIT, PIAI, and AITL score. CONCLUSIONS: Whole blood EBV DNA load is a powerful, independent prognostic index in AITL. The novel prognostic index API integrates a quantitative EBV DNA cutoff, providing superior risk stratification over established prognostic models, and guideing clinical decision-making for AITL patients. </p>","PeriodicalId":13568,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Agents and Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13023116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146226646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}