From virus to cancer: Epstein-Barr virus miRNA connection in Burkitt's lymphoma.

IF 3.1 2区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Infectious Agents and Cancer Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI:10.1186/s13027-024-00615-1

Shahram Jalilian, Mohammad-Navid Bastani

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), Epstein-Barr virus-encoded microRNAs (EBV miRNAs) are emerging as crucial regulatory agents that impact cellular and viral gene regulation. This review investigates the multifaceted functions of EBV miRNAs in the pathogenesis of Burkitt lymphoma. EBV miRNAs regulate several cellular processes that are essential for BL development, such as apoptosis, immune evasion, and cellular proliferation. These small, non-coding RNAs target both viral and host mRNAs, finely adjusting the cellular environment to favor oncogenesis. Prominent miRNAs, such as BART (BamHI-A rightward transcript) and BHRF1 (BamHI fragment H rightward open reading frame 1), are emphasized for their roles in tumor growth and immune regulation. For example, BART miRNAs prevent apoptosis by suppressing pro-apoptotic proteins, whereas BHRF1 miRNAs promote viral latency and immunological evasion. Understanding the intricate connections among EBV miRNAs and their targets illuminates BL pathogenesis and suggests novel treatment approaches. Targeting EBV miRNAs or their specific pathways offers a feasible option for developing innovative therapies that aim to disrupt the carcinogenic processes initiated by these viral components. future studies should focus on precisely mapping miRNA‒target networks and developing miRNA-based diagnostic and therapeutic tools. This comprehensive article highlights the importance of EBV miRNAs in Burkitt lymphoma, indicating their potential as biomarkers and targets for innovative treatment strategies.

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从病毒到癌症：伯基特淋巴瘤与 Epstein-Barr 病毒 miRNA 的关系。

在伯基特淋巴瘤（BL）中，Epstein-Barr病毒编码的microRNAs（EBV miRNAs）正在成为影响细胞和病毒基因调控的关键调控因子。本综述探讨了 EBV miRNAs 在伯基特淋巴瘤发病机制中的多方面功能。EBV miRNAs 可调控对布基特淋巴瘤发展至关重要的几个细胞过程，如细胞凋亡、免疫逃避和细胞增殖。这些小型非编码 RNA 以病毒和宿主的 mRNA 为靶标，精细调节细胞环境以促进肿瘤发生。著名的 miRNA，如 BART（BamHI-A 右向转录本）和 BHRF1（BamHI 片段 H 右向开放阅读框 1），因其在肿瘤生长和免疫调节中的作用而受到重视。例如，BART miRNA 通过抑制促凋亡蛋白防止细胞凋亡，而 BHRF1 miRNA 则促进病毒潜伏和免疫逃避。了解 EBV miRNAs 及其靶点之间错综复杂的联系有助于阐明 BL 的发病机制，并提出新的治疗方法。以 EBV miRNAs 或其特定通路为靶点，为开发创新疗法提供了可行的选择，这些疗法旨在破坏由这些病毒成分引发的致癌过程。未来的研究应侧重于精确绘制 miRNA-靶点网络，开发基于 miRNA 的诊断和治疗工具。这篇内容全面的文章强调了 EBV miRNA 在伯基特淋巴瘤中的重要性，显示了它们作为生物标志物和创新治疗策略靶点的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Infectious Agents and Cancer ONCOLOGY-IMMUNOLOGY

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

2.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： Infectious Agents and Cancer is an open access, peer-reviewed online journal that encompasses all aspects of basic, clinical, epidemiological and translational research providing an insight into the association between chronic infections and cancer. The journal welcomes submissions in the pathogen-related cancer areas and other related topics, in particular: • HPV and anogenital cancers, as well as head and neck cancers; • EBV and Burkitt lymphoma; • HCV/HBV and hepatocellular carcinoma as well as lymphoproliferative diseases; • HHV8 and Kaposi sarcoma; • HTLV and leukemia; • Cancers in Low- and Middle-income countries. The link between infection and cancer has become well established over the past 50 years, and infection-associated cancer contribute up to 16% of cancers in developed countries and 33% in less developed countries. Preventive vaccines have been developed for only two cancer-causing viruses, highlighting both the opportunity to prevent infection-associated cancers by vaccination and the gaps that remain before vaccines can be developed for other cancer-causing agents. These gaps are due to incomplete understanding of the basic biology, natural history, epidemiology of many of the pathogens that cause cancer, the mechanisms they exploit to cause cancer, and how to interrupt progression to cancer in human populations. Early diagnosis or identification of lesions at high risk of progression represent the current most critical research area of the field supported by recent advances in genomics and proteomics technologies.