ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-04-18DOI: 10.1111/imm.13796
Luna Zhai, Wangling Hu, Jingyong Li, Dan Li, Ni Xia, Tingting Tang, Shaofang Nie, Min Zhang, Jiao Jiao, Bingjie Lv, Fen Yang, Yuzhi Lu, Lingfeng Zha, Muyang Gu, Xiajun Hu, Shuang Wen, Desheng Hu, Li Zhang, Weimin Wang, Xiang Cheng
{"title":"Unravelling CD4+ T cell diversity and tissue adaptation of Tregs in abdominal aortic aneurysms through single-cell sequencing","authors":"Luna Zhai, Wangling Hu, Jingyong Li, Dan Li, Ni Xia, Tingting Tang, Shaofang Nie, Min Zhang, Jiao Jiao, Bingjie Lv, Fen Yang, Yuzhi Lu, Lingfeng Zha, Muyang Gu, Xiajun Hu, Shuang Wen, Desheng Hu, Li Zhang, Weimin Wang, Xiang Cheng","doi":"10.1111/imm.13796","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imm.13796","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Immune cell infiltration is a significant pathological process in abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). T cells, particularly CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells, are essential immune cells responsible for substantial infiltration of the aorta. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) in AAA have been identified as tissue-specific; however, the time, location, and mechanism of acquiring the tissue-specific phenotype are still unknown. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells from the AAA aorta and spleen, we discovered heterogeneity among CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells and identified activated, proliferating and developed aorta Tregs. These Tregs originate in the peripheral tissues and acquire the tissue-specific phenotype in the aorta. The identification of precursors for Tregs in AAA provides new insight into the pathogenesis of AAA.</p>","PeriodicalId":13508,"journal":{"name":"Immunology","volume":"172 4","pages":"600-613"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imm.13796","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140626072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-04-17DOI: 10.1111/imm.13794
Hanah M. Georges, Caterina Cassin, Mancy Tong, Vikki M. Abrahams
{"title":"TLR8-activating miR-146a-3p is an intermediate signal contributing to fetal membrane inflammation in response to bacterial LPS","authors":"Hanah M. Georges, Caterina Cassin, Mancy Tong, Vikki M. Abrahams","doi":"10.1111/imm.13794","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imm.13794","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Preterm birth is the largest contributor to neonatal morbidity and is often associated with chorioamnionitis, defined as inflammation/infection of the fetal membranes (FMs). Chorioamnionitis is characterised by neutrophil infiltration of the FMs and is associated with elevated levels of the neutrophil chemoattractant, interleukin (IL)-8 and the proinflammatory cytokine, IL-1β. While FMs can respond to infections through innate immune sensors, such as toll-like receptors (TLRs), the downstream mechanisms by which chorioamnionitis arises are not fully understood. A novel group of non-classical microRNAs (miR-21a, miR-29a, miR-146a-3p, Let-7b) function as endogenous danger signals by activating the ssRNA viral sensors TLR7 and TLR8. In this study, the pro-inflammatory roles of TLR7/TLR8-activating miRs were examined as mediators of FM inflammation in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) using an in vitro human FM explant system, an in vivo mouse model of pregnancy, and human clinical samples. Following LPS exposure, miR-146a-3p was significantly increased in both human FM explants and wild-type mouse FMs. Expression of miR-146a-3p was also significantly elevated in FMs from women with preterm birth and chorioamnionitis. FM IL-8 and inflammasome-mediated IL-1β production in response to LPS was dependent on miR-146a-3p and TLR8 downstream of TLR4 activation. In wild-type mice, LPS exposure increased FM IL-8 and IL-1β production and induced preterm birth. In <i>TLR7</i><sup><i>−/−</i></sup><i>/TLR8</i><sup><i>−/−</i></sup> mice, LPS exposure was able to initiate but not sustain preterm birth, and FM inflammation was reduced. Together, we demonstrate a novel signalling mechanism at the maternal-fetal interface in which TLR8-activating miR-146a-3p acts as an intermediate danger signal to drive FM inflammasome-dependent and -independent mechanisms of inflammation and, thus, may play a role in chorioamnionitis and subsequent preterm birth.</p>","PeriodicalId":13508,"journal":{"name":"Immunology","volume":"172 4","pages":"577-587"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140630161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Immunotherapy and the ovarian cancer microenvironment: Exploring potential strategies for enhanced treatment efficacy","authors":"Zhi-Bin Wang, Xiu Zhang, Chao Fang, Xiao-Ting Liu, Qian-Jin Liao, Nayiyuan Wu, Jing Wang","doi":"10.1111/imm.13793","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imm.13793","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite progress in cancer immunotherapy, ovarian cancer (OC) prognosis continues to be disappointing. Recent studies have shed light on how not just tumour cells, but also the complex tumour microenvironment, contribute to this unfavourable outcome of OC immunotherapy. The complexities of the immune microenvironment categorize OC as a ‘cold tumour’. Nonetheless, understanding the precise mechanisms through which the microenvironment influences the effectiveness of OC immunotherapy remains an ongoing scientific endeavour. This review primarily aims to dissect the inherent characteristics and behaviours of diverse cells within the immune microenvironment, along with an exploration into its reprogramming and metabolic changes. It is expected that these insights will elucidate the operational dynamics of the immune microenvironment in OC and lay a theoretical groundwork for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy in OC management.</p>","PeriodicalId":13508,"journal":{"name":"Immunology","volume":"173 1","pages":"14-32"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imm.13793","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140573126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-04-15DOI: 10.1111/imm.13795
Chengyang Zhang, Yang Zhou, Shuangtong Xi, Danlin Han, Ziyu Wang, Jingwen Zhu, Yizhe Cai, Haifeng Zhang, Ge Jin, Yang Mi
{"title":"The TRIF-RIPK1-Caspase-8 signalling in the regulation of TLR4-driven gene expression","authors":"Chengyang Zhang, Yang Zhou, Shuangtong Xi, Danlin Han, Ziyu Wang, Jingwen Zhu, Yizhe Cai, Haifeng Zhang, Ge Jin, Yang Mi","doi":"10.1111/imm.13795","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imm.13795","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The inflammatory response is tightly regulated to eliminate invading pathogens and avoid excessive production of inflammatory mediators and tissue damage. Caspase-8 is a cysteine protease that is involved in programmed cell death. Here we show the TRIF-RIPK1-Caspase-8 is required for LPS-induced CYLD degradation in macrophages. TRIF functions in the upstream of RIPK1. The homotypic interaction motif of TRIF and the death domain of RIPK1 are essential for Caspase-8 activation. Caspase-8 cleaves CYLD and the D235A mutant is resistant to the protease activity of Caspase-8. TRIF and RIPK1 serve as substrates of Capase-8 <i>in vitro</i>. cFLIP interacts with Caspase-8 to modulate its protease activity on CYLD and cell death. Deficiency in TRIF, Caspase-8 or CYLD can lead to a decrease or increase in the expression of genes encoding inflammatory cytokines. Together, the TRIF-Caspase-8 and CYLD play opposite roles in the regulation of TLR4 signalling.</p>","PeriodicalId":13508,"journal":{"name":"Immunology","volume":"172 4","pages":"566-576"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140572860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.1111/imm.13791
Runfeng Shi, Meixin He, Yongzheng Peng, Xu Xia
{"title":"Homotherapy for heteropathy: Interleukin-41 and its biological functions","authors":"Runfeng Shi, Meixin He, Yongzheng Peng, Xu Xia","doi":"10.1111/imm.13791","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imm.13791","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Interleukin-41 (IL-41) is a newly discovered cytokine, named Cometin, Subfatin, meteorin-like transcription (Metrnl), and so forth. It is widely expressed in animals and can exert its biological roles through autocrine and paracrine forms. It has functions such as anti-inflammatory, improving body metabolism, regulating immunity, regulating fat metabolism and participates in the process of autoimmune disease or inflammatory injury. It plays an important role in psoriasis, diabetes, Crohn's disease (CD), osteoarthritis, Kawasaki disease (KD), Graves' disease, autoimmune hepatitis, infertility, obesity, sepsis, cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases. This paper reviews the biological functions of IL-41, the relationship between IL-41 and diseases, the effects of IL-41 in the cytokine network and the possible signalling pathways. In order to explore the same target or the same drug for the treatment of different diseases from the perspective of homotherapy for heteropathy, cytokine strategies based on IL-41 have been put forward for the precise treatment of immune diseases and inflammatory diseases. It is worth noting that IL-41 related preparations for lung protection and smoking cessation are interesting research fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":13508,"journal":{"name":"Immunology","volume":"173 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imm.13791","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140573023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-04-07DOI: 10.1111/imm.13790
Ismail Sebina, Sylvia Ngo, Ridwan B. Rashid, Mariah Alorro, Patricia Namubiru, Daniel Howard, Tufael Ahmed, Simon Phipps
{"title":"CXCR3+ effector regulatory T cells associate with disease tolerance during lower respiratory pneumovirus infection","authors":"Ismail Sebina, Sylvia Ngo, Ridwan B. Rashid, Mariah Alorro, Patricia Namubiru, Daniel Howard, Tufael Ahmed, Simon Phipps","doi":"10.1111/imm.13790","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imm.13790","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lifestyle factors like poor maternal diet or antibiotic exposure disrupt early life microbiome assembly in infants, increasing the risk of severe lower respiratory infections (sLRI). Our prior studies in mice indicated that a maternal low-fibre diet (LFD) exacerbates LRI severity in infants by impairing recruitment of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) and consequently attenuating expansion of lung regulatory T (Treg) cells during pneumonia virus of mice (PVM) infection. Here, we investigated whether maternal dietary fibre intake influences Treg cell phenotypes in the mediastinal lymph nodes (mLN) and lungs of PVM-infected neonatal mice. Using high dimensional flow cytometry, we identified distinct clusters of regulatory T cells (Treg cells), which differed between lungs and mLN during infection, with notably greater effector Treg cell accumulation in the lungs. Compared to high-fibre diet (HFD)-reared pups, frequencies of various effector Treg cell subsets were decreased in the lungs of LFD-reared pups. Particularly, recruitment of chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3<sup>+</sup>) expressing Treg cells was attenuated in LFD-reared pups, correlating with lower lung expression of CXCL9 and CXCL10 chemokines. The recruitment of this subset in response to PVM infection was similarly impaired in pDC depleted mice or following anti-CXCR3 treatment, increasing immunopathology in the lungs. In summary, PVM infection leads to the sequential recruitment and expansion of distinct Treg cell subsets to the lungs and mLN. The attenuated recruitment of the CXCR3<sup>+</sup> subset in LFD-reared pups increases LRI severity, suggesting that strategies to enhance pDCs or CXCL9/CXCL10 expression will lower immune-mediated pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13508,"journal":{"name":"Immunology","volume":"172 3","pages":"500-515"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imm.13790","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140573022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-04-02DOI: 10.1111/imm.13789
Soumyadeep Chattopadhyay, Rudradeep Hazra, Arijit Mallick, Sakuntala Gayen, Souvik Roy
{"title":"A review on comprehending immunotherapeutic approaches inducing ferroptosis: Managing tumour immunity","authors":"Soumyadeep Chattopadhyay, Rudradeep Hazra, Arijit Mallick, Sakuntala Gayen, Souvik Roy","doi":"10.1111/imm.13789","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imm.13789","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ferroptosis, a necrotic, iron-dependent controlled cell death mechanism, is distinguished by the development of lipid peroxides to fatal proportions. Malignant tumours, influenced by iron to promote fast development, are vulnerable to ferroptosis. Based upon mounting evidence it has been observed that ferroptosis may be immunogenic and hence may complement immunotherapies. A new approach includes iron oxide-loaded nano-vaccines (IONVs), having supremacy for the traits of the tumour microenvironment (TME) to deliver specific antigens through improving the immunostimulatory capacity by molecular disintegration and reversible covalent bonds that target the tumour cells and induce ferroptosis. Apart from IONVs, another newer approach to induce ferroptosis in tumour cells is through oncolytic virus (OVs). One such oncolytic virus is the Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), which can only multiply in cancer cells through the p53-SLC7A11-GPX4 pathway that leads to elevated levels of lipid peroxide and intracellular reactive oxygen species leading to the induction of ferroptosis that induce ferritinophagy.</p>","PeriodicalId":13508,"journal":{"name":"Immunology","volume":"172 4","pages":"547-565"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imm.13789","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140573055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1111/imm.13788
Mengting Zheng, Zhonglong Liu, Yue He
{"title":"Radiation-induced fibrosis: Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies from an immune microenvironment perspective","authors":"Mengting Zheng, Zhonglong Liu, Yue He","doi":"10.1111/imm.13788","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imm.13788","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Radiation-induced fibrosis (RIF) is a severe chronic complication of radiotherapy (RT) manifested by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) components deposition within the irradiated area. The lung, heart, skin, jaw, pelvic organs and so on may be affected by RIF, which hampers body functions and quality of life. There is accumulating evidence suggesting that the immune microenvironment may play a key regulatory role in RIF. This article discussed the synergetic or antagonistic effects of immune cells and mediators in regulating RIF's development. Several potential preventative and therapeutic strategies for RIF were proposed based on the immunological mechanisms to provide clinicians with improved cognition and clinical treatment guidance.</p>","PeriodicalId":13508,"journal":{"name":"Immunology","volume":"172 4","pages":"533-546"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imm.13788","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140335526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.1111/imm.13787
Yi Yun Liang, Xiao Yan Liao, Jun Jun Jia, Yi Zhen Yin, Yue Hua Zhang, Feng Guang Gao
{"title":"K33 only mutant ubiquitin augments bone marrow-derived dendritic cell-mediated CTL priming via PI3K-Akt pathway","authors":"Yi Yun Liang, Xiao Yan Liao, Jun Jun Jia, Yi Zhen Yin, Yue Hua Zhang, Feng Guang Gao","doi":"10.1111/imm.13787","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imm.13787","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To explore the effect of K33 only mutant ubiquitin (K33O) on bone marrow-derived dendritic cells' (BMDCs') maturity, antigen uptake capability, surface molecule expressions and BMDC-mediated CTL priming, and further investigate the role of PI3K-Akt engaged in K33O-increased BMDC maturation, antigen uptake and presentation, surface molecule expressions and BMDC-based CTL priming. BMDCs were conferred K33O and other ubiquitin mutants (K33R, K48R, K63R-mutant ubiquitin) incubation or LY294002 and wortmannin pretreatment. PI3K-Akt phosphorylation, antigen uptake, antigenic presentation and CD86/MHC class I expression in BMDC were determined by western blot or flow cytometry. BMDC-based CTL proliferation and priming were determined by in vitro mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), ex vivo enzyme-linked immunospot assay (Elispot) and flow cytometry with intracellular staining, respectively. The treatment with K33O effectively augmented PI3K-Akt phosphorylation, BMDCs' antigen uptake, antigenic presentation, CD86/MHC class I and CD11c expressions. MLR, Elispot and flow cytometry revealed that K33O treatment obviously enhanced CTL proliferation, CTL priming and perforin/granzyme B expression. The pretreatment with PI3K-Akt inhibitors efficiently abrogated K33O's effects on BMDC. The replenishment of K33 only mutant ubiquitin augments BMDC-mediated CTL priming in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells via PI3K-Akt signalling.</p>","PeriodicalId":13508,"journal":{"name":"Immunology","volume":"172 3","pages":"486-499"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140318191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-03-27DOI: 10.1111/imm.13784
Hanxiao Sun, Jie Shu, Jupei Tang, Yue Li, Jinxin Qiu, Zhaoyun Ding, Binbin Xuan, Minghui Chen, Chenxin Gan, Jinpiao Lin, Ju Qiu, Huiming Sheng, Chuanxin Wang
{"title":"GLP-1 receptor agonists alleviate colonic inflammation by modulating intestinal microbiota and the function of group 3 innate lymphoid cells","authors":"Hanxiao Sun, Jie Shu, Jupei Tang, Yue Li, Jinxin Qiu, Zhaoyun Ding, Binbin Xuan, Minghui Chen, Chenxin Gan, Jinpiao Lin, Ju Qiu, Huiming Sheng, Chuanxin Wang","doi":"10.1111/imm.13784","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imm.13784","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), which are drugs used for treating type 2 diabetes, have been reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), the mechanism of which remains elusive. Here, we report that GLP-1RAs ameliorate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in both wild-type and T/B-cell-deficient mice through modulating group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s), a subset of innate lymphoid cells that regulate intestinal immunity. GLP-1RAs promote IL-22 production by ILC3, and the protective effect of GLP-1RAs on DSS-induced colitis was abrogated in ILC3-deficient <i>RORgt</i><sup><i>gfp/gfp</i></sup> mice. Furthermore, the treatment effect of GLP-RAs on colitis, as well as the generation of IL-22-producing ILC3s by GLP-RAs, is dependent on the gut microbiota. GLP-1RAs increase the abundance of <i>Firmicutes</i> and <i>Proteobacteria</i> in the gut, particularly beneficial bacteria such as <i>Lactobacillus reuteri,</i> and decrease the abundance of enteropathogenic <i>Staphylococcus</i> bacteria. The untargeted gas chromatography (GC)/liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS) of faecal metabolites further revealed enrichment of N,N-dimethylsphingosine (DMS), an endogenous metabolite derived from sphingosine, in the GLP-1RA-treated group. Strikingly, DMS ameliorates colitis while promoting intestinal IL-22-producing ILC3s. Taken together, our findings show that GLP-1RAs exert a therapeutic effect on colitis possibly by regulating the microbiota-DMS-IL-22<sup>+</sup>ILC3 axis, highlighting the potential beneficial role of GLP-RAs in inflammatory intestinal disorders with diabetes complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":13508,"journal":{"name":"Immunology","volume":"172 3","pages":"451-468"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140305510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}