Immunologic Research最新文献

{"title":"Spontaneous lymphoproliferation differentiates two groups of HTLV-1 asymptomatic carriers: with and without high cell proliferation and death.","authors":"Marta de Souza Porto, Tatiana Mitiko, Victor Folgosi, Dewton Vasconcelos, Mauricio Domingues, Michel Haziot, Jerusa Smid, Rosa Marcusso, Youko Nukui, Augusto C P Oliveira, Tatiane Assone, Jorge Casseb, Gil Benard","doi":"10.1007/s12026-026-09826-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12026-026-09826-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HTLV-1 infection causes chronic immune activation and a prolonged asymptomatic phase, but the functional features that define early disease remain unclear. We evaluated whether spontaneous proliferation (SP) and related functional immune parameters can distinguish clinical stages across the HTLV-1 spectrum. Spontaneous and mitogen-induced lymphoproliferation (PHA, anti-CD3), measured by CFSE dilution, and in vitro cell death, measured by cytometry, were assessed in 435 HTLV-1-infected individuals: asymptomatic carriers (AC, n = 303), individuals with intermediate syndrome (IS, n = 21), patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM, n = 94), adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL, n = 17), and two control groups. Notably, SP levels divided the asymptomatic individuals in two subgroups: low-SP (24.5%), similar to the control groups, and high-SP (75.5%), resembling IS, HAM, and ATL patients. Additionally, high-SP AC and HTLV-1 symptomatic groups showed significantly reduced responses to PHA and increased spontaneous and PHA-stimulated cell death, all features also observed in IS, HAM, and ATL patients, while low-SP AC results mirrored those of control groups. This increased cell death is strongly correlated with upregulation of Fas and FasL, especially in lymphocytes from high-SP AC, which may underlie the chronic activation and susceptibility to cell death. These findings suggest that HTLV-1 AC comprises two distinct subgroups: one with high SP and cell death, likely due to ongoing viral activity and immune alterations, and another with low SP, low viral activity, and preserved immune homeostasis. Follow up studies of AC with these functional changes are needed to determine if they can help monitor disease progression and identify asymptomatic individuals at higher risk of clinical deterioration.</p>","PeriodicalId":13389,"journal":{"name":"Immunologic Research","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13490236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunoglobulin-mediated immune dysregulation in recurrent pregnancy loss: mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic perspectives.","authors":"Kamala C, Pallavi Shekar, Umme Kulsum, Ananya Hegde, Lakshitha V Jayakrishna, Deepa Bhat, Meghana Hangala Shivakumaraswamy, Akila Prashant, Praveen Kumar K S","doi":"10.1007/s12026-026-09820-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12026-026-09820-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a multifactorial reproductive disease that is typified by repeated pregnancy loss with immune dysregulation emerging as a critical contributing factor. Immunoglobulins are among the immune components that are instrumental in preserving tolerance between the mother and the fetus, regulating inflammatory responses, and supporting placental development. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the role of immunoglobulins in recurrent pregnancy loss, with particular emphasis on immune dysregulation, emerging biomarkers, and therapeutic implications. The immunoglobulin profiles, such as the changes in IgG subclasses and the presence of pathogenic autoantibodies, e.g. antiphospholipid and antinuclear antibodies, are highly correlated with unfavourable pregnancy outcomes. These changes, in a mechanistic manner, lead to poor trophoblast invasion, endothelial dysfunction, thrombosis and cytokine imbalance. Emerging evidence also highlights the contribution of regulatory B cells and the antibody-mediated immune network in maintaining pregnancy homeostasis. Immunoglobulin profiling has clinical potential as a diagnostic and prognostic methodology that can be used to stratify patients and provide customised therapy. Immunomodulatory therapies, especially intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), are potentially effective in a limited range of patient populations, but clinical response is variable. On the whole, this review demonstrates the role of immunoglobulin-mediated mechanisms in RPL and their future potential in enhancing precision medicine approaches to better diagnosis and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":13389,"journal":{"name":"Immunologic Research","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13481584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clustering of rheumatoid arthritis patients: an unsupervised machine learning approach for characterizing the TNFi response.","authors":"Pedro Augusto Silva Dos Santos Rodrigues, Katarina Mattos Brandão, Lilian de Sá Garcia Landeiro, Laryssa Cardoso Calmon, Almirane Lima de Oliveira, Thamara Barbosa Miranda, João Locke Ferreira de Araújo, Rafael Valente Veiga, Camila Alexandrina Viana de Figueiredo, Pablo de Moura Santos, Ryan Dos Santos Costa","doi":"10.1007/s12026-026-09822-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12026-026-09822-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to identifydistinct profiles of response to Tumor Necrosis Factor inhibitors (TNFi) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients using unsupervised machine learning to integrate clinical, demographic, and genetic data. A cohort of 294 RA patients was analyzed using hierarchical clustering techniques. Data collected included body mass index (BMI), adherence to physical activity, prevalence of comorbidities, seropositivity, Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) scores, and genetic polymorphisms in TNF pathway. Responders to TNFi demonstrated a more favorable clinical profile, with a lower BMI (25.6 vs. 27.0; p = 0.03), higher physical activity adherence (56.6% vs. 33.3%; p < 0.01), reduced prevalence of comorbidities (69.8% vs. 82.4%; p = 0.02), and improved functionality (HAQ: 0.8 vs. 1.7; p < 0.01) compared with non-responders. The C allele of rs767455 was significantly more frequent among responders (74.4% vs. 62.4%; p = 0.04). Clustering analysis identified three distinct subgroups: a better prognosis group characterized by a 73.5% response rate, minimal use of combination therapies, high adherence to physical activity, and male predominance; a poorer therapeutic response group with 82.9% therapeutic failure, intensive medication use, and low exercise adherence; and an intermediate group. TNFi response in RA is multifactorial. Integrating clinical, demographic, and genetic data enables the identification of distinct patient profiles, supporting the development of personalized treatment strategies and the advancement of precision medicine in RA management.</p>","PeriodicalId":13389,"journal":{"name":"Immunologic Research","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13481759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of multiple sclerosis burden in China and India from 1990 to 2021 based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.","authors":"Zhuo-Lei Cai, Fei Dong, Jinyu Ma, Dujun Wang, Wenmin Yi, Lei Cao, Zhi-You Cai","doi":"10.1007/s12026-026-09821-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12026-026-09821-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system and one of the leading causes of non-traumatic neurological disability among young adults worldwide. In recent years, an increasing number of cases have been reported in traditionally low-risk regions, including parts of Asia such as China and India. Our study aims to systematically compare the disease burden and long-term trends of MS in China and India from 1990 to 2021, and provide evidence for public health strategies in both countries. Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Metrics including incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) related to MS in China and India were extracted. We calculated age-standardized rates for comparative analysis. Estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and Joinpoint regression were used to assess trends. An age-period-cohort (APC) model was applied to disentangle the effects of age, period, and birth cohort. Bayesian APC modeling was used to project disease burden until 2040. India consistently demonstrated higher rates of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALYs than China. Joinpoint regression revealed a significant increase in DALYs in China between 2018 and 2021, whereas India exhibited a sustained upward trend over the study period. Decomposition analysis indicated that population growth was the primary driver of increased MS burden in both countries, with epidemiological changes playing an additional notable role in China. Projections suggested that prevalence in China will continue to rise due to extended patient survival, while most indicators in India are expected to decline. APC analysis identified clear age and period effects in both countries. Overall, both China and India face an increasingly heavy disease burden. In terms of age distribution, the disease burden in both countries is primarily concentrated among young- and middle-aged adults, and women are more affected. However, significant differences exist between the two nations in specific indicators and their underlying drivers. Projections indicate that all indicators in India show a downward trend. Although China exhibited an overall downward trajectory, certain sub-indicators are rising. It is potentially linked to improvements in China's diagnostic and treatment capabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":13389,"journal":{"name":"Immunologic Research","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viral coinfections and checkpoint-marker expression in HIV: An exploratory HCV-Related CD4⁺ T-Cell PD-L1 pattern.","authors":"Bogusz Aksak-Wąs, Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka, Danuta Cembrowska-Lech, Miłosz Parczewski, Rafał Hrynkiewicz, Filip Lewandowski, Karol Serwin, Kaja Mielczak, Mateusz Bruss, Franciszek Lenkiewicz, Paulina Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej","doi":"10.1007/s12026-026-09817-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12026-026-09817-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic viral coinfections may contribute to persistent immune dysregulation in people with HIV, but their association with PD-1/PD-L1 expression remains uncertain. We analysed 100 people with HIV using available-case endpoint analyses and marker-specific paired baseline-to-follow-up analyses. Follow-up was scheduled at 12 months (allowable window, 9-15 months), and all participants had HIV RNA < 50 copies/mL at the endpoint. Baseline HBV contact, HCV status, and CMV IgG serostatus were evaluated in relation to PD-1 and PD-L1 expression on CD4⁺ T cells and CD19⁺ B cells and exploratory composite checkpoint-expression indices. HBV contact and CMV IgG serostatus were not associated with reproducible differences. The global comparison of longitudinal CD4⁺ T-cell PD-L1 change across HCV groups did not remain significant after false-discovery-rate correction; an exploratory pairwise comparison suggested a greater increase in participants with baseline HCV RNA positivity. Overall, the HCV-related pattern was hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13389,"journal":{"name":"Immunologic Research","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13461818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Galectin-3 in systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Yang Wu, Li-Na Jiang, Jing-Ru Wu, Yi-Ran Lu, Ting-Ting Lu, Ji-Min Zhu, Jing Li, Shanshan Xu, Bai-Kun Li, Cheng-Gui Miao, Yan-Mei Mao","doi":"10.1007/s12026-026-09793-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12026-026-09793-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to assess the circulating galectin-3 (Gal-3) levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and explore the major related influencing factors. Systematic searches of all relevant English articles were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from inception to September 22nd, 2025. Continuous variable data from multiple studies were subjected to a random-effects meta-analysis using Stata 12.0 software to estimate the pooled effect size. Data on circulating Gal-3 levels were analyzed using the standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and 95% prediction intervals (PI) in the presence of significant heterogeneity. A total of 8 studies were finally included in this meta-analysis, involving 397 patients with SLE and 433 normal controls. The combined effect showed that SLE patients had significantly higher circulating Gal-3 levels than normal controls (SMD = 1.290, 95% CI: 0.713-1.868, 95% PI: -0.25-2.80, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses stratified by age, region, assay method, sample size and Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale score also demonstrated consistent results. Egger's linear regression test indicated no significant publication bias (P>0.05). Sensitivity analysis showed that the results were stable. SLE patients have higher circulating levels of Gal-3 than normal controls. Given the crucial role of Gal-3 in SLE, it is worthwhile to investigate its potential as a therapeutic target and biomarker.</p>","PeriodicalId":13389,"journal":{"name":"Immunologic Research","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148706362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of isolated anti-Scl-70 positivity with subclinical cardiac involvement in ANA-positive individuals: an electrocardiographic diastolic function analysis (Subclinical Cardiac Involvement in Isolated Anti-Scl-70 Positivity).","authors":"Merve Özderya, Fatih Gülçebi","doi":"10.1007/s12026-026-09818-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12026-026-09818-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anti-topoisomerase I (anti-Scl-70) antibodies are strongly associated with systemic sclerosis and fibrotic organ involvement. However, their significance in ANA-positive individuals without established systemic sclerosis remains unclear. We investigated whether isolated anti-Scl-70 positivity is associated with subclinical cardiac involvement. This retrospective single-center study included 486 ANA-positive individuals identified between 2016 and 2026. Patients were classified as anti-Scl-70-positive (n = 242) or anti-Scl-70-negative (n = 244). Individuals with systemic sclerosis, other rheumatologic diseases, cardiovascular disease (except hypertension), malignancy, or advanced renal/hepatic disease were excluded. All anti-Scl-70-positive patients remained free of systemic sclerosis during at least 12 months of follow-up. Electrocardiographic Diastolic Index-1 (EDI-1) and EDI-2 were calculated from standard 12-lead ECGs. Demographic characteristics, inflammatory markers, ANA titers, and most ENA antibodies were similar between groups. Anti-Ro52 positivity was more frequent in anti-Scl-70-positive individuals (p = 0.004). EDI-1 was significantly lower, whereas EDI-2 was significantly higher in the anti-Scl-70-positive group (both p < 0.001). Among patients with available echocardiographic data, anti-Scl-70-positive individuals demonstrated higher E/e' ratios (p = 0.004) and lower LV-GLS values (p = 0.046). EDI-1 showed a strong correlation with E/e' (r_s = -0.898, p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, anti-Scl-70 positivity was the only independent predictor of electrocardiographic diastolic dysfunction (p < 0.001). Isolated anti-Scl-70 positivity is associated with impaired electrocardiographic markers of diastolic function in ANA-positive individuals without overt systemic sclerosis. These findings suggest that isolated anti-Scl-70 positivity is associated with early subclinical myocardial involvement and support further investigation of ECG-derived diastolic indices as potential screening tools in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":13389,"journal":{"name":"Immunologic Research","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of Janus kinase and TYK2 inhibitors in the treatment of generalized pustular psoriasis and palmoplantar pustulosis: a systematic review.","authors":"Asma Rasouli, Nazila Heidari, Amirhossein Heidari, Masoud Khalifezadeh, Azadeh Goodarzi","doi":"10.1007/s12026-026-09810-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12026-026-09810-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pustular psoriasis (PP), including generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) and palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP), is a rare and severe inflammatory dermatosis distinct from plaque psoriasis and associated with significant unmet therapeutic needs. Although advances in immunopathogenesis have identified key cytokine and signaling pathways, evidence-based treatment options remain limited. This systematic review evaluates the efficacy and safety of emerging Janus kinase (JAK) and tyrosine kinase (TYK) inhibitors in the management of PP. This systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. PubMed/Medline, Ovid-Embase, and Web of Science were searched from inception to November 15th, 2025, to identify all English-language clinical studies evaluating JAK or TYK inhibitors in patients with GPP or PPP. Methodological quality and risk of bias were independently assessed using National Institutes of Health quality assessment tools and the Murad et al. criteria. Of 2,259 records identified, 33 clinical studies (177 patients with GPP or PPP) met the predefined eligibility criteria. TYK inhibitors were evaluated in three studies of deucravacitinib (n = 11), which showed variable efficacy across reports: improvements in PASI/PPPASI, symptoms, and quality of life in some patients, and discontinuation due to insufficient response in others, with no serious adverse events reported. JAK inhibitors were evaluated in 30 studies involving 166 patients and were associated with improvements in disease severity, quality of life, and physician-assessed outcomes. Favorable responses were reported in observational studies, while rapid clinical improvement was frequently described in case-based evidence. Overall, treatment was generally well tolerated, although interpretation is limited by the predominance of uncontrolled studies and heterogeneous data. Available evidence indicates that JAK and TYK inhibitors may provide clinical benefit in GPP and PPP, particularly in refractory cases, with generally acceptable safety profiles. However, conclusions are limited by small, heterogeneous studies, and well-designed randomized controlled trials with longer follow-up are needed to establish long-term efficacy and safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":13389,"journal":{"name":"Immunologic Research","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diosmetin alleviates retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury through SIRT1-mediated suppression of oxidative stress, inflammation, and PANoptosis.","authors":"Peng Fu, Xiaobo Wan, Chunrong Zheng, Xiaonian Wu, Ke Xu, Qiuyu Lin, Minli Huang","doi":"10.1007/s12026-026-09814-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12026-026-09814-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Retinal ischemia-reperfusion (RI/R) injury causes vision loss and lacks effective treatments. The role of diosmetin (DIO) in this condition, particularly through the SIRT1/Nrf2 pathway and its effect on PANoptosis, is unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) model was developed using R28 retinal precursor cells, while an in vivo rat model of retinal ischemia/reperfusion (RI/R) was created through transient intraocular pressure elevation. DIO was administered in vitro, at the onset of reperfusion, and in vivo, via intraperitoneal injection. Cell viability, proliferation, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory cytokines, and PANoptosis-related protein expression were assessed. The role of SIRT1 was confirmed using siRNA knockdown in vitro and the pharmacological inhibitor EX527 in vivo.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DIO treatment notably enhanced cell viability and proliferation in OGD/R-injured R28 cells, while also maintaining retinal structure and neuronal survival in RI/R-injured rats. DIO stimulated the SIRT1/Nrf2 pathway, evidenced by elevated levels of SIRT1, nuclear Nrf2, and HO-1 expression. This activation diminished oxidative stress, evidenced by lower ROS and MDA levels and higher SOD, CAT, and GSH levels, while also reducing inflammation, as indicated by decreased TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-18. Consequently, DIO inhibited PANoptosis by downregulating key markers of apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3, BAX), pyroptosis (NLRP3, GSDMD), and necroptosis (p-RIPK3, p-MLKL). The beneficial effects of DIO, including neuroprotection, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammation, and anti-PANoptosis, were entirely nullified by SIRT1 knockdown or inhibition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DIO protects against retinal I/R injury by activating SIRT1/Nrf2 to inhibit oxidative stress, inflammation, and PANoptosis, highlighting its therapeutic potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":13389,"journal":{"name":"Immunologic Research","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148697420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to the comment on \"Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in interstitial lung disease: results from a cross-sectional study and meta-analysis\".","authors":"Dongru Du, Faping Wang, Min Zhu, Yali Zhang, Xiaoju Tang, Fengming Luo","doi":"10.1007/s12026-026-09813-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12026-026-09813-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13389,"journal":{"name":"Immunologic Research","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148684504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}