Indian Journal of Community Health最新文献

{"title":"Burden of care on family caregivers of patients of gastrointestinal cancers in a tertiary care institute","authors":"Mohit Sharma, Priyanka Devgun, Ashwin Sharma","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i03.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i03.020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gastrointestinal tract cancers are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally and cause family members to become primary caregivers. Method: The observational cross- sectional study was conducted using a pretested questionnaire and BSFC short form scale on 156 primary family care givers of patients suffering from and seeking treatment for cancer of the gastrointestinal tract from June 2021 to May 2022 in a tertiary care institute. Result: Mean age of family caregiver was 48.6 (4.7) years and the majority were female 111 (71.1 %).  Average duration of primary care given was 2.62(1.24) years. 94 (60.2%) family care givers provided > 8hr duration of care. 103 (66%) of the family caregivers suffered from moderate burden, 39 (25%) from heavy burden and only 14 (8.97%) family caregivers considered burden as mild. Significant association was found between >8 hours of caregiving, caregiver having a comorbid illness, treatment outcome and financial distress borne during the course of treatment and burden of caregiving. Conclusion: Burden of caregiving in the family caregivers of cases of gastrointestinal cancer has the capacity to create ripples in the primary life domains of the caregiver and needs to be looked into.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139333396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Status of Anaemia amongst women in India: trend analysis of NFHS data","authors":"Ishita Maji, Jaganjeet Kaur Randhawa, Disha Bakshi, Diksha Gautam, S. Mishra","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i03.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i03.019","url":null,"abstract":"The study was taken up to assess the changing trend in prevalence and severity of anaemia in women of reproductive age over the last 15 years by analyzing National Family Health Survey (NFHS) factsheet data and to draw a comparison between the prevalence of anaemia across different states/UTs of India. NFHS 3, 4 and 5 factsheets have been referred for the same. An increase in the prevalence of anaemia from 53% to 57% in all women aged 15-49 years is seen, 50.4% to 52.2% in pregnant women and 53.2% to 57.2% in non-pregnant women between NFHS 4 and 5. West Bengal has the highest prevalence of anaemia, followed by Tripura (67.2%) and Assam with 65.9% among women of 15-49 years. NFHS 5 data shows an increase in the prevalence of anaemia in all women by 4%, 1.8% in pregnant women and a increase by 4 % in non-pregnant women. Anemia Mukt Bharat campaign launched in 2019, was expected to reduce or inert the anaemia burden, but NFHS 5 data indicates a surge in anaemia incidences significantly across women of all age groups over the last five years. Hence, there is a need for revamping and implementing the programmes in a better way.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139333510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D and Calcium Levels among Women of Reproductive Age Group from Northern India","authors":"Neetu Singh, Dileep Kumar, A. Gupta, S. Mishra, Ganesh Yadav, M. Srivastava","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i03.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i03.007","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been related to poor bone health, increased risk of PIH, obstructed labour, vaginosis and LBW baby among women of reproductive age. Aims &Objectives: To evaluate the serum calcium and vitamin D levels of reproductive age group women and their relation with sociodemographic parameters. Material &Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among non-pregnant and non-lactating women aged 15-49 years, attending the OPD for any musculoskeletal complaints. The study participants were subjected to a pretested questionnaire for capturing information regarding their sociodemographic parameters. Non fasting blood samples were obtained for biochemical analysis of serum vitamin D and calcium. Results: The mean serum vitamin D and calcium levels were 20.94±10.61 ng/ml and 4.82±0.87 mg/dl respectively. The median serum vitamin D levels were 18.1 ng/ml with IQR of 12.43-28.00 ng/ml. The median serum vitamin D levels were significantly less among women residing in rural area and those who were unmarried/separated. Vitamin D level were highest in middle and lowest in upper socioeconomic status (p=0.007). Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is more pronounced among women from rural background and those who were unmarried/separated. These women are susceptible to development of osteoporosis and pregnancy related complications in later age.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139332040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rabies elimination policy guidelines: Where do we stand?","authors":"M. S. Shenoy, Archismita Santra, A. Giri","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i03.002","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Rabies is one of the Neglected Tropical diseases. India accounts for 35% of rabies-related human deaths globally. Despite effective preventive and control strategies, India hasn't been able to eliminate rabies. Methodology: A narrative review was done by comparing various policies and programmes related to rabies control and elimination in India and other countries, and the gaps persisting in the Indian guidelines and its implementation were assessed. Results: There are multiple gaps in the Indian programme implementation ranging from multiple stockouts of vaccines, unavailability of rabies immunoglobulin, and lack of a robust surveillance system to lack of refreshing training of the health staff. Recommendations: For effective implementation, the population should have increased awareness, with increased production and an effective supply chain of vaccines and immunoglobulins. There should also be a robust surveillance system with periodic refresher training of the health staff.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139332110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Health perspectives on Cryptocurrency: The Good, The Bad and The Ugly","authors":"V. Ramanathan, Shailesh K. Tripathi, Sudip Bhattacharya, Saurabh Varshney","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i03.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i03.023","url":null,"abstract":"Digital currencies like bitcoin utilize encryption to secure financial transactions, verify their legitimacy, and limit supply. Because there is no central authority over it, like a government or bank, we say that it is decentralized. Instead, cryptocurrency transactions are recorded on a public digital ledger called a blockchain, which serves as a decentralized database that records all transactions made with the currency.(1) The use of cryptography ensures that the transactions are secure and anonymous, making it difficult to counterfeit or double-spend the currency. On online exchanges, cryptocurrencies can be purchased and traded, and they can also be used to purchase products and services online.(2) There are risks and hurdles associated with cryptocurrencies, including as their volatility, regulatory ambiguity, and security concerns, even though they have the potential to revolutionize the way we think about money and banking. As with any investment or financial decision, it is important to do your research and consult with experts before investing in cryptocurrencies. There are many different types of cryptocurrencies, with new ones being created regularly.(1) Here are some of the most common types:","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139333677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community Alcoholic - A Ticking Bomb","authors":"Kajal Srivastava, Swati Ghoge, Ajaykumar Sahu, Hetal K Rathod","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i03.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i03.026","url":null,"abstract":"Definition of Alcohol is ethanol specially when considered intoxicating agent in fermented and distilled liquor, a drink having ethanol and a mixture of ethanol and water that is usually 95% ethanol (1). Alcohol is having varying impact on health of people. Short-term effects include motor vehicle accidents, violence, injuries, and risky sexual behavior while long-term effects include carcinoma, liver cirrhosis, gastric ulcer, pancreatitis etc (2). Alcohol consumption is a major Public health Challenge. In India 18.8% males and 1.3% females above age of 15 years were consuming alcohol according to NFHS-5 Survey (3).  In India different states are having different age limits for alcohol purchase and consumption. Although legal age for alcohol consumption in India varies from 18-25 years of age.  States like Gujarat, Bihar, Nagaland and union territory of Lakshadweep and Manipur has complete ban on sale & purchase of same (4). Although some rules and regulations are there but still many people who are below this age limit they consume it.  Alcohol is also one of the habit-forming substances so when control is not there people land up in chronic alcoholism.  Reasons for increase in consumption of alcohol  is rapid industrialization, nuclear family, staying away from warm family environment, peer pressure, pressure of job and performing well in life, i.e. target setting is there, increase social gatherings and  alcohol consumption is considered as symbol of modernization.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139333746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing the choice of caesarean delivery and their satisfaction among pregnant women attending maternity hospital in Eastern Uttar Pradesh","authors":"I. A. Khan, H. Tiwari, Najma Malik","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i03.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i03.014","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The birth of a baby through the vaginal route is a traditional way of delivery. But, at times normal vaginal delivery is not desirable due to various reasons. Under such circumstances, Lower section caesarean section (LSCS) is carried out to deliver the baby safely. There are rising concerns about the increasing rate of caesarean sections with wide variations in rates across the globe. Factors that influence the decision to perform a LSCS are often complex and multifactorial. Understanding these complexities is one of many steps to help stop the rise of any unnecessary LSCSs or prevent their over-use. Aim: To find out factors influencing the choice of caesarean delivery among recently delivered mothers through caesarean section and within puerperium. Method: A cross-sectional survey using pretested, self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire was done between December 2022 to February 2023 among patients recently delivered through caesarean section and within puerperium. Result: A total of 250 participants were approached over a three-month period. Among them, 211 completed the survey. The majority of participants were in the age group 25 to 30 years, Hindu by religion, and residents of rural areas. Sixty-four participants perceived that LSCS was done for the safety of the baby. Educational status (p<0.001), place of previous delivery (p<0.001), and count of current LSCS (p=0.016) were the factors associated with caesarean delivery satisfaction and it was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: About one-third of the participants perceived that LSCS was done for the safety of the baby. The majority of participants were satisfied with the decision of LSCS.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139332499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression and associated risk factors among geriatrics population in field practice areas of tertiary care institution in Unnao district of Uttar Pradesh","authors":"Abhishek Kumar, Aman Kumar, P. Kharya, R. Pachauri, Aditi Singh, Komudi Sapru","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i03.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i03.009","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ageing is inevitable for any human being. According to census 2011, the population of over 60 years of age in India accounted 8% of the total population, as of 2016 it is 8.6% which is projected to increase to 20% by 2050. Aim & Objective: To estimate the prevalence of depression among geriatrics age group and to identify factors associated with depression among geriatrics age group. Material & Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted between April 2022 and September 2022. Total sample size was 138. Number of subjects to be sampled from each village was calculated by probability proportion to size (PPS). Finally using simple random sampling method, participants were selected from each village. Results: The majority of the participants were in between 60 and 65 years old (63.8% of the total), next 66 to 75 years old (26.8% of the total), and finally over 75 years old (9.4% of the total). The mean age of participants in the study was 65.06+6.60 years. The proportion of male participants in the study was 47.1%, and the proportion of female participants was 52.9%. In present study, it was found that 65.9% had depression among the geriatrics population. Conclusion: This study also portrays significant association with age group, marital status, occupation, type of family and smoking history among depression among geriatrics.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139333276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and evaluation of a user friendly android application for advocacy of “Organ Donation” among residents of Western Rajasthan, 2022","authors":"Shaivya Chauhan, Latika Nath, A. S. Gurjar, Amandeep Semwal, Shashwat Singh Chauhan, Rishabh Kumar Singh, Satvik Srivastava","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i03.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i03.006","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Organ donation is either when a person allows healthy transplantable organs/tissues to be removed after death, or when the donor is alive. Digitization in various aspects of healthcare is replacing humans, eliminating biases and judgement errors. The use of an android application reduces subjectivity in need assessment, accessing basic information and contacting the right facilities to register for organ donation. Objectives: To develop an android application to increase awareness among participants. To assess knowledge, attitudes and practices related to organ donation through the application. To evaluate satisfaction levels regarding the android application. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 participants of urban and rural areas of Pali district over four months. A predesigned pretested questionnaire was used for data collection by trained volunteers and analyzed using Epi info (version 7.2). Results: The study was conducted among 192 urban and 192 rural participants of Pali district whose average age was 27.5 years in urban and 24 years respectively ,60.2% were females ,29.2% were married, 96% belonged to Hindu religion and 43% were medical students .Although 82.8% of the participants had heard about organ donation only 17.2% had pledged to donate organs. The rural and urban differences were marked stating religion as a determinant of their attitude for organ donation (p-value 0.009), that infants and elders could not donate organs (p-value 0.014), that organ donation was costly (p -value 0.00), that doctors should not advocate organ donation (p-value 0.014). The median agreement was above 5 on the Likert’s scale regarding the application being better than print media, increasing insight to organ donation and giving a sense of social responsibility. Conclusions: Awareness about organ donation is marred by myths, but the community had a positive attitude to use the application for increasing awareness levels.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139333402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unnat Bharat Abhiyan: An Opportunity to participate in a National Program to Implement & Complement Family Adoption Program for Holistic Rural development","authors":"Juhi M Raut, Abhishek U Joshi","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i03.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2023.v35i03.021","url":null,"abstract":"Medical education in India is predominantly based on Theoretical and bedside teaching. A significant reorientation is needed in medical education, to allow students to understand the grass root level social health dynamics. National Medical commission introduced Family Adoption program as a modality to address this issue to be implemented by all medical colleges for all students admitted from academic year 2022 onwards. The Unnat Bharat Abhiyan (UBA) is a flagship national program of Government of India for holistic rural development by engaging and enabling higher educational institutions to utilize their expertise for accelerating sustainable growth and development of rural India. The Medical Universities/colleges can participate in Unnat Bharat Abhiyan and utilize its platform for implementation of statutory Family adoption program. We developed a Model where in Health sciences Universities/colleges can leverage their expertise in Health care for benefit of adopted villages and Communities by nurturing their health based on our experience of implementing both Unnat Bharat Abhiyan & Family Adoption Program. We propose various measures in which Health sciences Universities/colleges can implement both programs in sync to complement each other towards common goal of welfare of adopted villages. We believe our model is feasible and can address complementary requirements of Unnat Bharat Abhiyan and Family adoption program and benefit all the stakeholders involved.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139332783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}