Indian Journal of Community Health最新文献

{"title":"Self-medication and its associated factors in Amdanga block of West Bengal","authors":"Sucheta Bhattacharyya, Sayeli Mitra, Swagatendra Narayan Basu, Inba Raja Alagesan, Rivu Basu","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i04.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i04.008","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The WHO defines the use of medications without prior medical consultation regarding indication, dosage and duration of treatment as self-medication. The practice is a global problem. Aims and Objectives: The study was conducted to describe the care seeking behavior of rural self-medicators living in Amdanga Block of West Bengal and to assess the belief in medicines by the self-medicators. Material & Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted by interviewing with a pretested semi-structured questionnaire on 665 self-medicators out of 1740 adults who were interviewed in 80 villages of Amdanga Block, West Bengal. A three-stage sampling method was used to reach the study population. A three month recall on self-medication practice was considered operationalizing the “pull” and “push” factors of self-medicators using a Pshycho-social framework. The variables were Socio-demographic factors, Care Seeking Behaviors, Health System related factors, Belief in Medicines according to the framework. Results: The prevalence of self-medication was found to be 38.2%. 63% of the study subjects were female and 56.3% had a literacy status of middle school and above. 54.4% relied on their old prescription for self-medication. 68.7% had an initial choice to consult a doctor but later self-medicated of whom 53.2% changed their choice due to monetary and transport issues while 38.5% thought of self-medication considering their disease was mild in nature. Conclusion: Awareness and health education can link rural subjects with primary care facility and right decisions on care can be provided.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42875548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on low birth weight and its associated factors among newborns delivered in a tertiary care hospital of Banda district, Uttar Pradesh","authors":"M. Maroof, L. Singh, S. Barman, N. Kumar, S. Barman, M. Yadav","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i04.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i04.014","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Low birth weight is associated with higher morbidity and mortality including impaired growth and development, malnutrition etc. Worldwide, one- fifth of newborns delivered are low birth weight. Aims & objectives: To estimate frequency of low birth weight & its associated factors among newborns delivered in a tertiary care hospital. Materials & Methods: A cross sectional analysis of 290 newborns delivered in tertiary care hospital, Banda, Uttar Pradesh during period of 15th February 2021 to 31st December 2021 was done for estimating low birth weight frequency & its associated factors including child characteristics, mother characteristics & father characteristics using data from medical record section of hospital. Frequency, percentages, mean, standard deviation, chi square test & independent t- test was used. P value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: 91 out of 290 newborns delivered were low birth weight (27.9%, 95% CI- 23.1%- 33.4%). The following factors were shown to have a significant association with low birth weight: education of mother (p=0.04), education of father (p=0.03), occupation of father (p=0.02), and duration of pregnancy (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that education of mother, education of father, occupation of father, and duration of pregnancy had significant association with low birth weight frequency that suggests that improving literacy status can help in decreasing burden of low birth weight apart from other factors.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43333884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying the mobile phone usage and gauging the perception about its harmful effects among the Otorhinolaryngologists in India- A questionnaire-based pan India survey","authors":"Prem Anand, Saurabh Varshney, Sumit Angral, K. K. Sasanka, Pratima Gupta, Sudip Bhattacharya","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i04.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i04.017","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction-There is a definitive risk to human health because of mobile phones. The awareness towards mobile phones emitted electromagnetic radiation is of paramount importance to prevent health risks and possible negative health disorders. Aim and objectives-The aim of the survey is to assess the awareness of mobile phone radiation and its harmful effects on the body and the mobile phone usage trend among Otorhinolaryngologists from India. Methodology-The present survey aimed to obtain baseline data on cell phone usage and radiation awareness among a relatively homogenous cohort of Otorhinolaryngologists from India. This is a cross-sectional online survey assessing awareness of Mobile Phone radiation through a custom-made questionnaire devised by the authors which consisted of four parts: 1. Demographic details, 2. Mobile phone usage trend, 3. Knowledge of mobile phone radiation 4. Awareness of health hazards produced by mobile phone radiation. Results- The total number (n) of otorhinolaryngologists to whom the questionnaire was sent was 6336 of which 259 of them responded which formed the sample size of our study. Thus, the response rate of the survey was 4%. A total of 259 Otorhinolaryngologists participated in the study. The mean age of the population involved in the survey is 41.7810.32 years. The male-female ratio of the survey is 161:98 respectively. There were 172 private and 87 government ENT practitioners in the survey. MS otorhinolaryngology was the most common qualification of the study with 223 doctors having the degree, 20 having DNB, and 7 of them having completed DLO. The mean years of medical practice after postgraduation of the Otorhinolaryngologists participating in the questionnaire are 13.537.38 years. The major contributors to the survey were private ENT consultants with a count of 110, followed by Senior Residents 58, Assistant Professor 39, Professor 29, Associate professor 10, and Additional professor 13. It was evident from the questionnaire that 242 of the respondents were right-handed and 204 of the study population used their right ear for talking over the phone, it was also cross-checked by giving a miss call to them in close vicinity. The mean years of exposure to mobile phone usage by Otorhinolaryngologists are 15.01 5.75. A maximum of 153 surgeons were using mobile phones for 11-20 yrs. The average hours of daily mobile phone usage were 373 minutes. A highest of 101 Otorhinolaryngologists using mobile phones for &gt;4 Hrs. Surprisingly through the questionnaire we came to know that a total of 60 doctors among the 250 use the phone daily for an average of more than 10 Hrs, which is 24% of the study population surveyed. Questions 15-24 were purposed to bring the awareness knowledge of the respondents towards electromagnetic radiation of the cellular phones and it can be arbitrarily said that a score of 5 or more means that the person is aware. The average of the correct responses to each of the 10 questions given by ","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41457079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Patients with Advanced Renal Failure: A Tertiary Care Centre Study from North Indian Population","authors":"S. Rungta, S. Kumar, S. Tripathy, S. Pandey, Kamlendra Verma, Ghulam Akhtar, S. Swaroop, A. Deep","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i04.003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Viral hepatitis (Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) & Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)) related liver disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality especially in the patients with advanced renal failure who are treated with dialysis, and this is due to high number of blood transfusion sessions and/or cross contamination from the dialysis circuits. Aims & Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV infections in patients with advanced renal failure (ARF). Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional study was done in joint collaboration of Department of Nephrology and Department of Gastroenterology, KGMU, Lucknow, from June 2018 to June 2020 among, CRF patients. Clinical data such as age, gender, duration of dialysis; number of transfusions, Serum sample was collected from each patient. Serological markers for HBV and HCV were determined with ELISA by using commercial diagnostic kits. HCV-RNA and HBV-DNA were determined quantitatively by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Results: A total 934 patients with advanced renal failure attended the nephrology OPD. Out of 934 patients, 65 (6.96%) patients screened positive for HBV/HCV infection. The results of this study also showed that the prevalence of viral hepatitis infection in the haemodialysis (HD) and without HD patients is 8.25% and 6.3% respectively. Conclusion: It has been found that viral infections, particularly HBV and HCV infections are common in advanced renal failure patients who are on HD.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46546440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Power of Millets- Critical for addressing Ecological, Agrarian, and Emerging health crisis in Punjab","authors":"J. Thakur, H. Kaur, Chaitanya Devesh Singh Thakur","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i04.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i04.022","url":null,"abstract":"The state of Punjab is facing a major threat of ecological, agrarian as well as emerging health crisis. Continuously depleting water tables due to unregulated use of irrigation water and increased cultivation of water-thirsty, varieties of rice are posing major threat to water availability in the state. Indiscriminate use of chemicals in farming leading to soil infertility, polluted surface waters and air pollution are contributing to ecological catastrophe and eventually leading to many health problems in the population. Hence there is need to focus on environmentally friendly, economically viable and health benefitting solutions. Millets as climate change compliant crops score highly over other grains in terms of marginal growing conditions and high nutritional value are proposed as a solution for emerging challenges in Punjab.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47888087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic review of factors affecting compliance toward oral iron-folic acid supplementation among pregnant women in India.","authors":"Areeba Khanam, Kashish Vohra, Thejas Achary MG, Anjusha Ranjith, Harshiti Bharti, Rupam Ghosh, Ravneet Kaur, K. Yadav","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i04.002","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Iron-folic acid deficiency is the most common complication during pregnancy. Iron deficiency is responsible for various health complications among pregnant women. Compliance with IFA supplementation is variable across India several factors are associated with compliance with IFA supplementation. Objective: The objective of this systematic review is to assess the factors affecting compliance toward oral iron-folic acid supplementation among pregnant women in India. Methods: The primary search was carried out using PubMed, Google scholar, the WHO website, and Research Gate which provide access to full?text research articles from January 2012 to 25th January 2022 published data were searched. Result: A total of 74 studies were identified, and 20 were included in this review. Out of the 20 studies, sixteen were cross-sectional, two mixed methods, and two randomized control trials. knowledge of IFA, education, socioeconomic status, the timing of registration and number of antenatal visits, type of family, and age of the pregnant women were the factors that affect the compliance of IFA supplementation. Conclusion: Knowledge of iron-folic acid supplementation, Timing of registration and number of Antenatal Care visits, educational level of the pregnant women, and age of the pregnant women were factors associated with the compliance of IFA supplementation among pregnant women in India.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42422387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on Instinctive Feelings, Perceived Stressors and Factors that helped in reducing Stress during COVID 19 pandemic among Health Care Workers","authors":"Ashish Chaudhari, N. Solanki, Parul Sharma, P. Patel","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i04.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i04.020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Healthcare workers at the forefront of the battle against COVID 19 are not only putting their own health and lives at risk but are also fighting to keep their own worries and emotional stress at bay. Aim & Objective: To evaluate emotions, perceived stressors, and factors that helped in reducing stress of healthcare workers who worked during a COVID19 pandemic. Settings and Design: This cross sectional study was conducted among Health Care staff involved in COVID 19 duty in tertiary care hospital of Gujarat. Methods and Material: Google form link was shared though what’s up and mail. The questionnaire was completed online. Consent for voluntarily participation was also obtained through online Google form. Statistical analysis used: Data was entered and analysed through Microsoft Excel 2010. Results: Total 106 participants responded to the questionnaire. It was extremely stressful for health care workers to see their colleagues getting infection, as well as the fear that they could transmit the disease to their families or friends. Main factors that helped to reduce the stress were positive attitude from colleagues, improvement of patients conditions and availability of protective equipment. Conclusions: Personal safety, the protection of family members and unpredictability of pandemic were the main concerns. Hospitals should prioritise stress monitoring for health care workers and provide targeted psychological guidance for HCWs during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45160982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Descriptive analysis of sleep quality and its determinants among rural population of coastal Karnataka","authors":"Saranya Sivanesan, Chythra R Rao, S. Mallya, Uttam Kumar, A. Kamath","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i04.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i04.019","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A good quality of sleep helps to maintain mood, memory and cognitive performance. Aim & Objective: To assess quality of sleep and its determinants among rural adults. Settings and Design: A community based cross sectional study was carried out in rural field practice area of a medical college Methods and Material: Pittsburg sleep quality index scale was used to assess quality of sleep. Semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information from participants. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were taken. Statistical analysis used: Chi-square test was used to find out association between poor sleep and specific morbidities. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was done to assess predictors of poor sleep. Results: Among the 614 study subjects, 60.3% had good sleep. Presence of morbidity was significantly associated with poor sleep [AOR=1.48; 95%CI=1.05-2.08]. Presence of a dark room, taking a bath or having milk before bed time were top reasons cited to be facilitating good sleep. Presence of mosquitoes, having young children or adolescent at home and vital events in last one year were reported to hinder good sleep. Conclusions: A sizeable proportion of rural adults have poor sleep. Presence of morbidity was a significant predictor of poor sleep.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44282020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing public health capacities of Frontline Public Health Workforce in Uttarakhand","authors":"Pankaj Singh, Amrita Gupta, A. Tripathi, M. Dhuria, P. Aggarwal","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i03.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i03.025","url":null,"abstract":"Recent COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of increase in the ability of public health workforce to detect and respond to the public health threats. For timely implementation of an adequate response and mitigation measure, the standardized and sustainable capacity building programme for frontline public health workforce is the need of hour. National Center for Disease Control (NCDC), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, in partnership with U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), developed a three-month in-service Basic Epidemiology Training programme. This is a tailor-made programme for frontline public health workforce to strengthen epidemiological skills. This training was a practical interactive approach to field epidemiology for three months on the job training for frontline public health workforce that addressed the critical skills needed to conduct surveillance effectively at the local level while focusing on improving disease detection, reporting and feedback. The training also demonstrated the role of learning model in form of interaction between the mentor and the mentees. The importance of handhold support given by the mentors to the mentees in quality outbreak investigations and documentation.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46072536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness about pictorial warnings on tobacco products and its impact on tobacco consumers in coastal Karnataka","authors":"Naveenkumar Havale, P. M. Naik, H. Kalappa, Malatesh Undi, Manjula Naik, Shyamsundar Shreedhar","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i03.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i03.011","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tobacco use is a major risk factor for many chronic diseases, including cancer. India revised the pictorial warnings on all tobacco products in 2018, but its impact on tobacco consumers after the revision is less studied. Aim and Objective: To assess the awareness of the revised pictorial warnings on tobacco products and the impact of it on tobacco consumers in a coastal town. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st to 31st March 2021 among 185 adult tobacco consumers in a coastal town in Karnataka after obtaining ethical clearance and informed consent. The data was analysed using SPSS version 16.0 by descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test and binary logistic regression analysis. Results: Majority (95.7%) were males and 96.2% had seen the pictorial warning on the tobacco products. The commonly consumed tobacco products were panmasala (44.9%), gutka (38.9%), cigarette (31.4%) and bidi (15.1%). The mean age of initiation of consuming tobacco products was 24.8 years and mean duration of the habit was 17 years. Conclusions: A majority (96.2%) have seen the pictorial warnings on the tobacco products and significant predictors for reducing tobacco consumption were those who inferred the pictorial warnings as tobacco is injurious to health and cancerous.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47029274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}