Indian Journal of Community Health最新文献

Effect of sleep on blood pressure among adults of urban slums: A Cross sectional study 睡眠对城市贫民窟成年人血压的影响：横断面研究

IF 0.4

Indian Journal of Community Health Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.010

Saurabh Verma, Arun Kumar, N. Gautam, C. Mittal

{"title":"Effect of sleep on blood pressure among adults of urban slums: A Cross sectional study","authors":"Saurabh Verma, Arun Kumar, N. Gautam, C. Mittal","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.010","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hypertension, the “Silent, Invisible killer” - is a modern day’s universal epidemic. The adult populations in slum area are more vulnerable for hypertension as they are so busy in the fulfilment of even day to day basic needs and care, family commitments and economic stress. Aim and objectives: To estimate the prevalence of hypertension among the adults (25-44 years) and to study the effect of sleep on blood pressure levels. Methodology: The present cross-sectional study was carried among adults aged between 25 to 44 years residing in the slums of Meerut District. 30 Cluster Sampling technique was used. The slum was selected as a cluster unit. During the visit by house-to-house survey, members of the family were listed and eligible person were interviewed and examined. Data collected on a structured and pretested questionnaire. Results: Prevalence of hypertension among those who had sleep duration of >8 hours per day was 44.8% followed by 20.1% and 17.5% among those who had 7-8 hours and less than 7 hours of sleep time respectively. It was found that 24.2% monophasic sleep pattern follower were hypertensives while the prevalence was 19.4% in biphasic pattern. Conclusion: Majority (55.4%) had a sleep duration between 7-8 hours, followed by 33.9% and 10.7% with <7 hours and >8 hours of sleep time respectively. Majority (61.3%) of the study population were having monophasic sleep pattern, while 36.3% were biphasic and 2.4% were multiphasic.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140410335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Awareness about Community Management of Hyperglycemia during Pregnancy among Medical Undergraduates in Western Uttarakhand 西乌塔拉坎德邦医学本科生对妊娠期高血糖社区管理的认识

IF 0.4

Indian Journal of Community Health Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.017

Surabhi Mishra, Neha Sharma, Abhay Srivastava, J. Semwal, Anamika Joshi, Kezia Gupta

{"title":"Awareness about Community Management of Hyperglycemia during Pregnancy among Medical Undergraduates in Western Uttarakhand","authors":"Surabhi Mishra, Neha Sharma, Abhay Srivastava, J. Semwal, Anamika Joshi, Kezia Gupta","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.017","url":null,"abstract":"Background: All women with hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HIP) require optimal care. With western Uttarakhand alone recording a HIP prevalence of 9.7%, the successful implementation of HIP guidelines pan-India at primary healthcare level becomes paramount. Aim and objective: The present cross-sectional study aimed to assess the baseline awareness of medical undergraduates regarding HIP management protocols assuming higher their knowledge better the successful implementation of these guidelines within the community. Methodology: A descriptive study was carried out among 309 medical undergraduates at a private teaching institute in Uttarakhand. Data was collected using a self-administered, pre-tested questionnaire. Based on individual knowledge scores, participants were subdivided into: good (score?24), moderate (score 12-24), and poor (score<12) knowledge categories. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Results: Most subjects (92.2%) reported reading Indian textbooks on obstetrics; despite this, only 3.6% of subjects had good awareness of the protocols. Sub-domain analysis showed while 90.0% of respondents had a fair understanding of the disease basics, more than two-thirds lagged in recollecting its standard diagnostic and management protocols including the role of health workers. Conclusion: Most medical undergraduates have overall poor-to-moderate awareness of HIP management especially the diagnostic and management protocols including the role of health workers.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140408753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nutrition related practice of mother’s under-five children 五岁以下儿童母亲的营养相关做法

IF 0.4

Indian Journal of Community Health Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.012

Pratiti Haldar, L. Viswanath, Ashok Kumar Srivastava

{"title":"Nutrition related practice of mother’s under-five children","authors":"Pratiti Haldar, L. Viswanath, Ashok Kumar Srivastava","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.012","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Childhood nutrition; a term which rings the bell in everyone’s mind especially the mothers of a child. Good nutrition for a child is a fact that cannot be denied for a healthier growth of a child. Individual families or communities have their own practices and belief and their own choices regarding their dietary practices. Aims & Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess the nutritional knowledge of mothers of under-five children, assess the nutrition related practices of mothers of under-five children and develop multicomponent program for mothers of malnourished children. Methods & Material: An exploratory survey was carried out among 146 mothers of malnourished children. The instruments used were socio-demographic profile, knowledge questionnaire on Nutrition of children and structured questionnaire on Nutrition related practices of mothers. Results: The results revealed that 129 (88.3%) mothers had average knowledge. About 71 (48.6%) mothers had moderately adequate practices and 51 (35%) had inadequate practices regarding nutrition for children. Conclusion: Mothers knowledge and dietary practices they adopt for their child has an invariable effect on their nutritional status.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140413162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Future prediction of Population, Birth and Fertility rates in India 印度人口、出生率和生育率的未来预测

IF 0.4

Indian Journal of Community Health Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.025

Nomula Chandan Babu, Sai Padma Aluri

引用次数: 0

Newer insights of H1N1: Swine Flu Virus 对 H1N1 的新认识：猪流感病毒

IF 0.4

Indian Journal of Community Health Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.005

Ritu Tiwari, Shivam Verma, Narsingh Verma, Shraddha Singh, Ajay Verma, Anupam Mittal, Shiraja Haque, Toyaj Kumar

{"title":"Newer insights of H1N1: Swine Flu Virus","authors":"Ritu Tiwari, Shivam Verma, Narsingh Verma, Shraddha Singh, Ajay Verma, Anupam Mittal, Shiraja Haque, Toyaj Kumar","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.005","url":null,"abstract":"Swine flu, caused by the H1N1 influenza virus, is a subtype of influenza A that affects both the upper and lower respiratory tracts. It is primarily found in pigs and can be transmitted to humans through genetic variations in the virus. The 1918 Spanish flu pandemic resulted in the deaths of 50 to 100 million individuals. In 2009, the pandemic affected 178 countries, resulting in an estimated 43 to 89 million cases and 1799 deaths. The pathophysiology of H1N1 involves inflammation of the respiratory tract, with an incubation period of 1 to 4 days and a contagious period lasting 5 to 7 days. The signs and symptoms of swine flu include cough, sore throat, fever, myalgia, congestion, headache, rhinorrhoea, dizziness, sneezing, loss of appetite, fatigue, abdominal pain, shortness of breath, and in rare cases, vomiting and diarrhoea. The most common cause of death is respiratory failure, and neurological symptoms can occur due to high fever. To diagnose swine flu, various tests such as haematological, biochemical, and microbiological tests are conducted, including the collection of nasal or oral swabs for reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Prevention and control measures include managing swine flu in pigs through herd management, hygiene practices, and vaccination. Treatment options vary based on the severity of the case. Mild to moderate cases can be managed with rest, antipyretics, NSAIDs, antihistamines, and oral rehydration therapy. Severe cases may require intravenous hydration, antibiotics for bacterial infections, antiviral therapy, and respiratory support.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140416822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of feeding practices on Childhood illness 喂养方式对儿童疾病的影响

IF 0.4

Indian Journal of Community Health Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.015

Nagendra Lokesh, Praveen Kulkarni, Sayana Basheer, Pragadesh Rajaram, Vanmathi Anbu, Sunil Kumar Doddaiah

{"title":"Influence of feeding practices on Childhood illness","authors":"Nagendra Lokesh, Praveen Kulkarni, Sayana Basheer, Pragadesh Rajaram, Vanmathi Anbu, Sunil Kumar Doddaiah","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.015","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The phase between a child's birth and the age of two years is crucial for ensuring the child’s growth and development through optimal feeding habits. Breastfeeding is considered one of the most effective methods for ensuring the health and survival of children. Aim & Objective: This study aims to access the influence of feeding practices on childhood illness. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was done among 280 mothers having children less than 2 years of age attending primary health centres adopted by the Department of Community Medicine JSS medical college, Mysuru. Data regarding feeding practices and childhood illnesses were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire prepared based in Infant and Young Child Feeding guidelines by interviewing the mothers. Result: Among the study population, 75.4% of children in urban and 75.7% of children in rural suffered from childhood illness. It was observed that childhood illness was more common among children with poor feeding practices (75.7% in rural and 93.5% in urban) and the association was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: The study sheds light on the importance of appropriate feeding practices, which have a higher influence on a child's health.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140409996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact Assessment of Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation with and Without Intensive Health Education in Pregnant Women of Rural Area of District Etawah: An Interventional Study 有无强化健康教育对伊塔瓦地区农村孕妇补充铁和叶酸的影响评估：一项干预性研究

IF 0.4

Indian Journal of Community Health Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.011

Gaurav Kumar, V. Rani, N. Singh, S. Shukla, Ajai Kumar, Dolly Goswami

{"title":"Impact Assessment of Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation with and Without Intensive Health Education in Pregnant Women of Rural Area of District Etawah: An Interventional Study","authors":"Gaurav Kumar, V. Rani, N. Singh, S. Shukla, Ajai Kumar, Dolly Goswami","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.011","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Low birth weight , post-partum haemorrhage still births and maternal deaths are associated with anaemia in pregnancy. If prevalence of anemia will be reduced then there will be improvement in maternal and child health and its outcome. Aim & Objectives: To evaluate the changes in the hematological profile of the study subjects and to determine the impact of intensive health education intervention on anemia status of pregnant women. Methodology: A Community based interventional study was conducted among 200 Pregnant women of selected villages in rural area of Etawah district (100 women in each interventional and non-interventional group) using a self-developed, pre designed, pretested, structured and validated questionnaire. statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software was used to analyse the data. Result: After health education intervention there is significant increase in the haematological profile of study participants of interventional group (p<0.05) as before intervention values of mean Hb was 10.58±1.79 gm/dl which became 11.72±1.48 gm/dl There were 34 (73.9%) participants in the interventional group that were originally anaemic before the study, but after the intervention, they became non-anaemic. Conclusion: Health education sessions helped the pregnant women to improve their knowledge regarding anemia in pregnancy, as well as improve their ability to select iron rich foods, increase compliance with iron supplementation, and raise their haemoglobin levels.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140410588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Profile of various congenital anomalies in fetus detected during antenatal period among high risk mothers by Ultrasonography at Tertiary Care Centre, South Gujarat 南古吉拉特邦三级护理中心产前超声波检查发现的高危产妇胎儿各种先天性畸形的概况

IF 0.4

Indian Journal of Community Health Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.007

Utsavi Desai, Hiteshri Patel, Mohamed Anas, Mohamed Anas Mohamed Faruk Patni, J. Kosambiya

{"title":"Profile of various congenital anomalies in fetus detected during antenatal period among high risk mothers by Ultrasonography at Tertiary Care Centre, South Gujarat","authors":"Utsavi Desai, Hiteshri Patel, Mohamed Anas, Mohamed Anas Mohamed Faruk Patni, J. Kosambiya","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.007","url":null,"abstract":"Background: With the improvement of basic maternal and child health care services, the deaths due to malnutrition and infections are on a descending trend and due to westernization and lifestyle modifications, perinatal deaths due to anomalies are in ascending trend. Aim & Objectives: The purpose of this study was to estimate the antenatal proportion of congenital anomalies, types, pattern of anomalies and factors associated with anomalies in Tertiary Care Centre, South Gujarat. Settings and Design: Cross-sectional study in Department of Fetal Medicine of New Civil Hospital, Surat. Methods and Material: Sample size was 435. First 10 consecutive high-risk ANC patients, who were referred to Fetal Medicine department from Obstetrics and Gynecology department per day were selected. Data was collected during September 2021 to February 2022. Statistical analysis used: Frequencies, proportions and tests of significance was applied for testing the association of socio-demographic variables, clinical variables etc on presence or absence of congenital anomalies. Results: Proportion of different types of congenital anomalies in high risk pregnant mother was 17.2%. There was significant association between presence of congenital anomalies with history of irregular menstruation (p value: 0.001, OR: 5.19, [CI: 1.76-15.27]) and inadequate amniotic fluid (p value: 0.00, OR: 14.5[CI: 7.23-29.06]). Among total detected anomalies in Ultrasonography scanning, most common anomalies were Cardio-vascular system anomalies (36.4%) and Central Nervous System anomalies (24%). Conclusions: Congenital anomalies were present in about 17 % of high risk antenatal mothers.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140414533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of community based intervention on childhood pneumonia and its risk factors in slums of Dibrugarh, Assam 基于社区的干预措施对阿萨姆邦迪布卢格尔贫民窟儿童肺炎及其风险因素的影响

IF 0.4

Indian Journal of Community Health Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.008

Nabanita Nirmolia, T. Mahanta, Sailen Roy

{"title":"Effect of community based intervention on childhood pneumonia and its risk factors in slums of Dibrugarh, Assam","authors":"Nabanita Nirmolia, T. Mahanta, Sailen Roy","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.008","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pneumonia, one leading cause of mortality in children. Preventing pneumonia related deaths is an urgent priority to meet sustainable development goals. Settings and Design: Community based cross sectional study in two registered slums Chandmarighat and Graham bazar in Dibrugarh, Assam. Methods and Material: 2 out of 10 registered slums were chosen and a baseline cross sectional study was done to list out the risk factors. Based on the risk factors, community based intervention was done by capacity building of frontline workers and monitoring and suportive supervision in one while only monitoring was done in non intervention slum. Taking 95% confidence interval for two tail distribution, the sample size in each of the slums was 300. Statistical analysis: done by using SPSS 20, rates, ratios, proportions, univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Prevalence of pneumonia was significantly low (9.33% vs 16.33%) in intervention and non-intervention area (p<0.001). Univariate analysis reported that initiation of complementary feeding before 6 months and indoor air pollution were associated with pneumonia in intervened area(p<0.001). Multivariate analysis was done and type of family, complementary feeding before 6 months and indoor air pollution were associated with pneumonia in intervened area. Conclusions: Community based interventions targeting the established risk factors found effective in reducing the childhood pneumonia.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140415302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Navigating the Ethical Landscape: Implementing Machine Learning in Smart Healthcare Informatics 驾驭伦理环境：在智能医疗信息学中实施机器学习

IF 0.4

Indian Journal of Community Health Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.024

Animesh Kumar Sharma, Rahul Sharma

{"title":"Navigating the Ethical Landscape: Implementing Machine Learning in Smart Healthcare Informatics","authors":"Animesh Kumar Sharma, Rahul Sharma","doi":"10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2024.v36i01.024","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of Machine Learning (ML) into healthcare informatics holds immense promise, revolutionizing patient care and treatment strategies. However, as this technology advances, it brings forth ethical challenges crucial for careful navigation. ML offers unprecedented abilities to analyze vast healthcare data, leading to personalized medicine and improved outcomes. Yet, ethical concerns emerge, notably in privacy protection, algorithm bias, transparency, informed consent, and data quality. Transparency, explainability, and patient autonomy in decision-making processes are crucial to foster trust and accountability. Striking a balance between innovation and compliance, ensuring data quality, and promoting human-AI collaboration are essential. Addressing these challenges demands adherence to ethical frameworks, continuous monitoring, multidisciplinary governance, education, and regulatory compliance. To fully harness ML's potential in healthcare while upholding ethical standards, collaboration among stakeholders is imperative, ensuring patient welfare remains central amid technological advancements. Ethical considerations must be embedded at every stage of ML implementation to maintain an ethical, equitable, and patient-centered healthcare system.","PeriodicalId":13363,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Community Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140410311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0