Indian Journal of Medical Research最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of the role of inflammation in fibromyalgia through haematological indices: A retrospective study.","authors":"Nadide Koca, Cevriye Mülkoğlu, Tülay Tiftik, Barış Nacır, Burcu Duyur Çakıt, Hakan Genç","doi":"10.25259/IJMR_2071_2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/IJMR_2071_2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background & objectives Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain disorder possibly linked to low-grade inflammation. Haematological indices derived from routine blood tests have emerged as potential markers for evaluating inflammatory status in such conditions. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) and inflammation, using haematological indices derived from routine complete blood count data. Furthermore, whether these markers can be used to diagnose FMS, was also studied. Methods This was a retrospective hospital-based study on data retrieved from medical records. A total of 294 individuals with FMS and 277 control individuals were included in this study. The routine hemogram data of the FMS and control groups were analysed through a retrospective chart review from hospital records. Mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) were recorded, and inflammatory markers such as platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic immune response index (SIRI) were calculated. These markers were statistically compared between the FMS and control groups. Results NLR, PLR, MLR, SII, and SIRI were found to be statistically higher in the FMS group compared to the control group (P<0.01). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of MPV and PDW values (P>0.05). When evaluating the areas under the curve in the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis, the results for PRL, MLR, NLR, SII, and SIRI calculations were found to be statistically significant (P<0.05). Interpretation & conclusions Fibromyalgia is associated with inflammation. NLR, MLR, PLR, SII, and SIRI are simple and inexpensive biomarkers that indicate this relationship. These markers, which have moderate sensitivity and specificity, are insufficient for independent diagnosis and can be used in addition to existing diagnostic criteria or in monitoring treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":13349,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"161 6","pages":"679-686"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deprescribing & its associated factors among middle & old-aged ambulatory patients with chronic disease (s): A hospital-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Jia Hui Lim, Ivy Mok Pooi Wan, Tuan Mazlelaa Tuan Mahmood","doi":"10.25259/IJMR_1747_2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/IJMR_1747_2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background & objectives Malaysia is increasingly impacted by non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which overburden the healthcare system. The increasing number of NCDs has resulted in multimorbidity, which has led to polypharmacy. Inappropriate polypharmacy commonly has negative impacts. Therefore, this study investigated the prevalence of willingness-to-deprescribing and its associated factors among middle and old-age ambulatory patients with chronic disease(s). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from March-June 2024, using interviewer-assisted questionnaire administration, involving adults aged ≥40 yr who visited the outpatient pharmacy in a Malaysian tertiary care hospital. Results 83.2 per cent of the study participants were willing to deprescribe their medications if their doctor said it was possible. Factors such as patients' involvement in treatment [odds ratio (OR): 1.16; 95%confidence interval (CI): 1.02-1.32; P=0.02], appropriateness of deprescribing (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.05-1.31; P=0.004), concerns about stopping medication (OR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.67-0.83; P<0.001), and trust in physicians (OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.04-1.52; P=0.017) were found to be associated with the willingness towards deprescribing. Interpretation & conclusions The high prevalence (83.2%) of willingness to deprescribe among middle and old-age ambulatory patients demonstrates a promising opportunity for medication optimisation in Malaysian healthcare settings. The factors predicting their willingness to deprescribe were patients' involvement in treatment, perceived appropriateness of deprescribing, medication cessation concern, and physician-patient trust relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":13349,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"161 6","pages":"585-592"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic significance of the kinesin superfamily in breast cancer: A systematic review & meta-analysis.","authors":"Shagufta, Mehreen Aftab, Sandeep Sisodiya, Sukhdev Mishra, Kanu Priya, Showket Hussain","doi":"10.25259/IJMR_2072_2024","DOIUrl":"10.25259/IJMR_2072_2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background & objectives Kinesin superfamily proteins (KIFs), essential motor proteins involved in processes like mitosis and intracellular transport, have emerged as critical players in breast cancer (BC) progression. Recent studies highlight their potential as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This research explores the association between the expression of KIFs and survival outcomes, including overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). Methods In this study, we carried out a meta-analysis as per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A thorough literature search was conducted using the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases, covering the period from June 1996 to October 2024. Hazard ratios (HRs) and their corresponding 95 per cent confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted from eligible studies and analysed using the RevMan software. Results Initially, we screened 220 articles for this systematic review, from which 11 studies met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. In our analysis, we have observed that elevated KIFs levels were associated with poor OS (HR=1.77 with 95% CI=1.58-1.98 and P<0.00001), RFS (HR=1.40, 95% CI=1.31-1.49, P<0.00001), and DMFS (HR=1.72, 95% CI=1.49-1.99, P<0.00001). These findings suggest that increased expression of kinesin family members contributes to reduced survival rates and increases the risks of recurrence and metastasis in BC patients. Interpretation & conclusions Our study highlights the potential of kinensin family members as prognostic biomarkers for BC progression, providing insights that may help in clinical decision-making and patient management.</p>","PeriodicalId":13349,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"161 6","pages":"627-635"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hidden harm: the growing threat of elder abuse in demographically shifting populations.","authors":"Nico De Witte, Jorrit Campens","doi":"10.25259/IJMR_1426_2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/IJMR_1426_2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13349,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"161 6","pages":"581-584"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erythroid activity modulates iron regulation in pathological erythropoiesis: A cross-sectional case-control study.","authors":"Sreenithi Santhakumar, Leo Stephen, Arun Jose Nellickal, Uday Prakash Kulkarni, Biju George, Vikram Mathews, Eunice Sindhuvi","doi":"10.25259/IJMR_1589_2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/IJMR_1589_2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background & objectives Genetic defects and altered synthesis of RBCs characterise β-thalassemia and polycythaemia vera (PV), respectively. In both diseases, stress erythropoiesis leads to accelerated erythroid expansion, although iron regulation has not been well studied. Here, we analysed iron parameters and iron regulatory gene expression in individuals affected with β-thalassemia and PV. Methods Biochemical iron parameters and gene expression analysis were carried out in 20 individuals with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT), 20 individuals with non-transfusion-dependent thalassemia (NTDT), 25 individuals affected with PV, and 50 healthy controls. Results Increased soluble transferring receptor (sTfR) levels in both diseases are evidence of increased erythropoietic activity. Compared to the β-thalassemia intermedia group, affected individuals with β-thalassemia major showed significantly elevated serum ferritin levels, whereas subnormal ferritin levels were observed in the PV group. In TDT, hepcidin levels were relatively low compared to ferritin levels, whereas in PV, the increase in erythropoiesis resulted in reduced hepcidin production. In both thalassemia cohorts, diminished TFRC expression in reticulocytes suggested impaired iron uptake, whereas in PV, increased TFRC and FPN1B expression implied increased iron acquisition in reticulocytes despite reduced iron reserves. Interpretation & conclusions Thus, increased erythropoietic activity has a crucial role in determining the quantity of iron transported to the marrow. This is achieved through the modulation of iron regulation within erythroid cells, ultimately affecting systemic iron levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":13349,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"161 6","pages":"687-694"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the rapid lateral flow assay (LFA) for detection of five major carbapenemase enzyme families in genotypically characterised bacterial isolates.","authors":"Sana Rahmani, Shaoli Basu, Patricia J Simner, Priti Kambli, Anjali Shetty, Camilla Rodrigues","doi":"10.25259/IJMR_1976_2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/IJMR_1976_2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background & objectives Antimicrobial resistance has steadily become a grave public health problem worldwide, making carbapenems, often the last choice of antibiotic, for treating infections involving multidrug-resistant Gram-negative organisms. The production of carbapenemases is one of the primary mechanisms responsible for the development of resistance. KPC, NDM, VIM, IMP, and OXA-48-like are the most prevalent carbapenemases. Identification of CROs is based on the resistance phenotype or requires molecular assays, which are not widely available. A lateral flow assay (LFA) has been developed to enable rapid identification of carbapenemase production in cultured bacteria. Methods A total of 87 isolates characterised by Whole Genome Sequence (WGS) were tested. Five ATCC strains were used for quality control. LFA was performed according to the kit literature, and the results were compared with those by WGS. The assay was assessed for its sensitivity and specificity for the detection of five major carbapenemases. Results A total of 87 isolates of Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, characterised by WGS, were tested. Of these, 52 were positive for the big five carbapenemases (IMP, VIM, KPC, NDM, and OXA-48-like), and 35 were negative. ATCC strains were run for quality control with each batch of tests. Overall sensitivity of the assay was 98.07 per cent (51/52), with no false positives, having 100 per cent specificity (35/35). The assay correctly detected strains producing KPC, OXA-48-like, VIM, and IMP, being 100 per cent sensitive (n=33/33) when compared with WGS results; whereas, it showed delayed positivity (>15 min) to identify one strain producing NDM-1 (thus considered false negative), accounting to sensitivity of 92.3 per cent (n=12/13) for detection of NDM. It correctly identified six strains simultaneously producing OXA-48-like and NDM, and one strain producing NDM-1 and KPC. Interpretation & conclusions The assay, being robust and cost-effective, with a short turn-around-time, will prove to be a great addition to the diagnostic armamentarium, helping in implementing antimicrobial stewardship and preventing AMR.</p>","PeriodicalId":13349,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"161 6","pages":"695-701"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of life post-COVID recovery: A prospective observational study, North India.","authors":"Amod Laxmikant Borle, Mongjam Meghachandra Singh, Gurmeet Singh, Nidhi Bhatnagar, Shivani Rao, Tanya Singh, Binita Goswami, Sarika Singh, Sumeet Singla, Tanu Anand","doi":"10.25259/IJMR_2120_2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/IJMR_2120_2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background & objectives The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on global health. While most research has focused on the acute phase, long-term effects on survivors' quality of life (QoL) remain less understood. Persistent symptoms post-recovery highlight a critical gap in understanding the pandemic's impact on survivors. This study aims to evaluate the QoL of COVID-19 recovered individuals in Delhi, India, at baseline and after six months of recovery using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief version (WHO-QOL BREF) Scale. Methods This prospective observational study spanned 15 months from May 2022 to July 2023 and covered 11 districts of Delhi. The study included 369 adults who recovered from COVID-19 at least 14 days prior and within the preceding six months. Participants were assessed at baseline and six months post-recovery using the WHO-QoL BREF Scale, measuring physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains. Data was described in QoL scores. Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Wilcoxon signed Rank test were used; a P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Among 369 participants, 50.1 per cent were male and 49.9 per cent female. Baseline QoL scores showed no significant differences between participants with and without post-COVID syndrome (PCoVS). However, six months later, non-PCoVS participants reported significantly better scores in physical (P=0.004), psychological (P<0.001), social (P=0.002), and environmental health (P=0.003). Better QoL was associated with males, younger age, higher education, and absence of comorbidities. Interpretation & conclusions PCoVS significantly impacts survivors' QoL, necessitating continuous monitoring and tailored interventions to support recovery. This study underscores the importance of addressing long-term consequences to improve public health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13349,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"161 6","pages":"718-726"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing India's NCD preparedness in health systems: Methodological considerations.","authors":"Dr Saurav Basu","doi":"10.25259/IJMR_1468_2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/IJMR_1468_2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13349,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"161 6","pages":"748-749"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"QT interval prolongation in schizophrenia: A cross-sectional study from a tertiary care center in Raipur.","authors":"Mishthi Malani, Shrayasi Das, Anirban Saha, Ajay Kumar, Satyajit Singh, Aditya Somani","doi":"10.25259/IJMR_2221_2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/IJMR_2221_2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background & objectives Antipsychotic drugs can cause QT interval prolongation (QTIP), which can lead to life-threatening cardiac manifestations. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of QTIP in stable patients of schizophrenia attending the outpatient department/clinic. Methods A total of 88 consenting individuals with schizophrenia aged ≥18 yr of either sex (male or female), who were stable on treatment and adherent to the prescribed medications, were included. Patients with any other psychiatric disorder, mental retardation, substance dependence other than caffeine/nicotine, or if they had taken any other drug with moderate to high risk of causing QTIP, were excluded. A 12-lead ECG was recorded. Corrected QT interval was calculated using Fridericia's and Bazett's formulae. Results QTIP was seen in 3 (3.4%) study participants according to Fridericia's formula and in 6 (6.8%) study participants according to Bazett's formula. The recorded demographic, anthropometric, and clinical/treatment variables did not differ among participants with and without QTIP. Interpretation & conclusions Prevalence of antipsychotic drug-induced QTIP in patients with schizophrenia seems to be low, but it poses a risk to life. Regular screening for additional risk factors and periodic assessment of cardiac rhythm via ECG could help prevent potentially fatal cardiac manifestations.</p>","PeriodicalId":13349,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"161 6","pages":"744-747"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive biobanking to enhance precision medicine in head & neck cancer through systematic sample collection & data integration.","authors":"Arunima Bhaduri, Komal Mehta, Deepak Sharma, Bhavya Sharma, Mudit Agarwal, Ajay Kumar Dewan, Juhi Tayal","doi":"10.25259/IJMR_2035_2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25259/IJMR_2035_2024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background & objectives Head and neck carcinomas (HNCs), including oral cancers (OCs), represent a significant global health issue, especially in India, where they contribute to one-third of the global OC burden. Despite advances in treatment, survival rates remain poor, often due to limited treatment options and underlying research gaps. The Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre (RGCIRC) biorepository initiative undertook to address this gap by systematically collecting and storing biological specimens and their derivatives for HNC, fostering translational research and collaborations. The objective of this initiative was to provide critical resources for researchers and aims to bridge the gap between laboratory findings and clinical applications, ultimately contributing to more effective cancer treatment strategies and personalised medicine approaches in oncology. Methods From 2018 to July 2024, the biobank enrolled HNC patient donors (aged 18+yr) undergoing surgery as a primary mode of treatment at RGCIRC. Following Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, the biobank collected diverse biosamples, including fresh frozen tissues, plasma, PBMC, FFPE, and more. A robust Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) ensured systematic sample tracking and efficient disbursal. Complex derivatives were processed to minimise pre analytical variability, supporting high-quality research applications. Results The HNC biobank successfully enrolled 1, 300 donors during the study period and stored 13,000 biosample aliquots, with buccal mucosa identified as the most prevalent cancer site. A significant proportion of the patients presented with advanced-stage cancers (III and IV), accounting for 62.67 per cent of the biosamples collected, highlighting the critical need for targeted research in this area. Notably, the samples exhibited considerable cellular heterogeneity across different anatomical sites. Additionally, lower cellular viability was observed in samples from gingivobuccalsulcus (GBS) cancers compared to those from other sites. The biobank's 34 per cent sample disbursal rate underscores its role in facilitating diverse research projects, there by contributing valuable insights into HNC biology and treatment strategies. Interpretation & conclusions The RGCIRC biobank is pivotal for advancing HNC research, enabling genomic and cellular diversity studies, biomarker discovery, and personalised treatments. It has the potential to lay the foundation for multi-omics research and the future of translational efforts in HNC.</p>","PeriodicalId":13349,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Medical Research","volume":"161 6","pages":"601-608"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}