Ben Zhang;Fengshuo Yang;Jiayu Zhou;Yibo Wang;C. Q. Jiang;Liping Mo;Yuanshuang Fan;Yaping Zhu;Chunlin Zhang;Yong Lu
{"title":"A High-Compatibility Wireless Power Transfer System for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles Based on Reconfigurable Magnetic Couplers","authors":"Ben Zhang;Fengshuo Yang;Jiayu Zhou;Yibo Wang;C. Q. Jiang;Liping Mo;Yuanshuang Fan;Yaping Zhu;Chunlin Zhang;Yong Lu","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2025.3532241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2025.3532241","url":null,"abstract":"When autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) replenish energy through wireless power transfer (WPT) technology on the underwater charging platform, there are practical issues such as excessive transmission gaps and unstable positioning. Additionally, the fixed size of the charging platform leads to insufficient compatibility. This paper proposes a high compatibility WPT system based on a reconfigurable magnetic coupler (RMC) for AUVs replenishing underwater energy. The transmitter of the RMC is combined with the charging platform cage and can follow the charging platform cage in radial dimensions. RMC can provide better coupling performance, and its necessity and effectiveness have been verified through finite element simulation. When the proposed high-compatibility charging platform supplies energy to AUVs of different sizes, the RMC will reconfigure its structure, leading to changes in the transmitter's self-inductance. To address this issue, a switch-controlled capacitor (SCC) method was incorporated into the system to achieve dynamic tuning. Finally, an experimental prototype was built to test the functionality and performance of the proposed RMC structure and SCC method. Compared to existing methods, this approach significantly enhances the practical application capabilities of WPT technology in underwater charging platforms and positively contributes to the cluster deployment of AUVs.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 2","pages":"3457-3467"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence Aided Black-Box Modeling of Three-Phase Single-Stage Photovoltaic Inverter Systems","authors":"Yuxi Men;Junhui Zhang;Xiaonan Lu;Tianqi Hong","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2025.3532415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2025.3532415","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing penetration of solar energy in distribution systems, the precise modeling and appropriate control of photovoltaic (PV) generation systems are becoming increasingly significant. However, the modeling and system identification of inverter-based resources (IBRs) are challenging since sensitive information (e.g., topologies or parameters of electrical components) could not be provided by manufacturers. Black-box modeling methods that only utilize empirical data without the need for internal system details could be a useful method to solve the aforementioned issues. Meanwhile, given the strong approximation capability, artificial neural networks (ANNs) can augment the conventional modeling approaches for inverter-dominated system identification. In this paper, the black-box modeling approaches for power electronic converters (PECs) are reviewed. Furthermore, this paper proposes a data-driven black-box modeling algorithm using a nonlinear autoregressive exogenous neural network (NARX NN), aiming to estimate the dynamic behaviors of three-phase single-stage PV inverters with a hierarchical control diagram. The proposed method can predict the target output only based on the input and output measurements of the black-box system with unknown topology and parameters. Finally, simulation and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed work.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 2","pages":"3317-3328"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Bi-Directional LLC Topology With Symmetrical Gain and Anti-DC Bias Ability","authors":"Qinghua Chen;Hanyu Wang;Ke Wu;Jiacai Zhuang;Yuanze Zhang","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2025.3532587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2025.3532587","url":null,"abstract":"Bi-directional LLC resonant converters play a key role in many critical applications, such as on-board charger and energy storage system. However, for conventional bidirectional LLC converters, the voltage gain becomes narrow and dc bias may occur during reverse operation. Therefore, how to guarantee a symmetrical gain while enabling anti-dc bias ability with minimum cost is a major concern. In this paper, a new bi-directional LLC topology is proposed to address the above issues. Firstly, a switch-controlled auxiliary inductor branch is added at primary side to have the exact bi-directional voltage gain. Secondly, another small inductor is added at secondary side, whose current is easily measured, to control the anti-dc bias. Finally, by adding the dc bias suppression strategy, the proposed topology can ensure the voltage gain symmetrical and have no dc bias problem. Simulation and experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 2","pages":"3329-3336"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rahil Samani;Ignacio Galiano Zurbriggen;Ruoyu Hou;Juncheng Lu;Andrew M. Knight
{"title":"Comprehensive System-Level Thermal Performance and Power Density Optimization in Enclosed Natural Convection PFC-LLC GaN Converters","authors":"Rahil Samani;Ignacio Galiano Zurbriggen;Ruoyu Hou;Juncheng Lu;Andrew M. Knight","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2025.3532230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2025.3532230","url":null,"abstract":"GaN enhancement-mode high electron mobility transistors (e-HEMTs) excel at maximizing efficiency to possible extremes. With on-demand power density increase and efficiency approaching the saturation points, concerns regarding semiconductor reliability and thermal management intensify. This paper focuses on the two-stage GaN-based PFC-LLC converter, a prevalent topology in naturally-cooled consumer electronics, and explores solutions to address its thermal bottlenecks. An equilibrium thermal network is proposed, which is established by interconnecting thermal and electrical domains through accurate temperature-dependent loss characterization. These loss models are then transferred into the thermal network of the power converter. Furthermore, the concept of thermo-coupling, primarily developed in component-level studies, is expanded into system-level power converters. Various design subtleties, including proper component placement and PCB design aimed at enhancing GaN's junction-to-ambient thermal resistance (<inline-formula><tex-math>$R_{th,ja}$</tex-math></inline-formula>), are navigated. Eventually, this paper introduces a framework to achieve the maximum power density considering the thermal boundary, and presents a Pareto front of the multi-objective optimization (MOO) problem, explaining the power density and thermal performance trade-off. The proposed ideas can be used with other converters once their unique temperature-dependent loss models are determined. Finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental results are provided to support the claims.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 2","pages":"3371-3383"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
José M. Guerrero;Aitor Blázquez Campanón;Daniel Serrano-Jiménez;Ander Ordoño;Kumar Mahtani;Carlos A. Platero
{"title":"Ground Fault Location Method for Catenaries of DC Railway Systems","authors":"José M. Guerrero;Aitor Blázquez Campanón;Daniel Serrano-Jiménez;Ander Ordoño;Kumar Mahtani;Carlos A. Platero","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2025.3532565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2025.3532565","url":null,"abstract":"The utilization of Direct Current (DC) railway systems is increasingly prevalent, as it constitutes the majority of urban tram power supply systems. Despite their high efficiency, the risk of ground faults is ever-present due to environmental issues and aging of the catenaries. These faults can interrupt the service for hours until repaired, requiring quick repair. To address this issue, this paper introduces a ground fault location method for catenaries in DC railway systems, based on the measurement of the DC voltage and ground current at each DC Traction Substation (TS). Then, the normalized ground currents relative to the overall fault current are compared with a model-based data pool, enabling the method to locate the fault along the protected catenary. The method's validity has been confirmed through numerous simulations and experimental tests. Initially, simulations were conducted on a three-TS DC railway model in Matlab-Simulink, yielding promising results. Subsequently, experimental laboratory tests were performed using uncontrolled rectifiers in the TS, also producing encouraging results. Finally, the suitability of the fault location method was verified using Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) tests emulating controlled rectifiers.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 2","pages":"3174-3186"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Virtual Inertia Control for Damping Low-Frequency Oscillation in IBR-Dominated Networks","authors":"Jiajie Feng;Feifei Bai;Mithulananthan Nadarajah;Hui Ma;Adlan Pradana","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2025.3532239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2025.3532239","url":null,"abstract":"Increased reliance on renewables brings challenges to maintaining the electric networks’ inertia and damping and poses concerns about network stabilization. The virtual synchronous generator (VSG) technique has been adopted for dealing with stability issues in networks with high Inverter-Based Resource (IBR) penetration. This study investigates how the VSG control interacts with the synchronous generator (SG) in interconnected networks, revealing the existence of a new type of operating mode (named electromechanical-like mode) in such networks. Employing a state-space model, the interplay between VSG inverters and synchronous generators is examined and validated in a four-machine-two-area system. The influence of the VSG's virtual inertia constant on oscillation damping is also evaluated. Based on these evaluation outcomes, a virtual inertia controller is developed in the VSG model, referred to as VSG-H. A centralized control by coordinating multiple VSGs with the proposed virtual inertia control (named as VSG-H<sup>CC</sup>) is subsequently developed to improve the damping of the low frequency oscillation. The gain values of the VSG-H controller are obtained through Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The adaptability of the proposed centralized controller is validated across different connection locations and VSG penetration scenarios. The robustness of the proposed controller with multiple VSG inverters is also demonstrated for attaining small-signal stability in two-area-four-machine and 39-bus test power systems.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 2","pages":"1907-1916"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Distributed Robust Voltage Control Framework for Active Distribution Systems","authors":"Junjun Xu;Yu Mu;Wei Cheng;Guangjing Gong;Jungao Huang;Tengfei Zhang;Qinran Hu;Kang Chen;Andrew Yang Wu","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2025.3532240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2025.3532240","url":null,"abstract":"Voltage fluctuations in active distribution systems (ADS) have increased with the high penetration of uncertain energy resources, making unified governance more challenging. This paper proposes a novel distributed robust voltage control (DRVC) method for ADS based on coordinated clustering of photovoltaic and energy storage systems, aiming to aggregate decentralized resources into interrelated clusters to achieve distributed voltage regulation. Firstly, an improved Louvain algorithm based clustering method for ADS is introduced, further incorporating the voltage sensitivity and regulation capability of generators into the modularized function. After that, a local robust voltage regulation model for each cluster is constructed, and the global multi-objective optimization function is solved through a distributed robust solution method for integrating intelligent optimization to further enhance the robustness. Case studies and results demonstrate the performance of the proposed voltage control framework in resisting uncertainties by contrast with existing models.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 2","pages":"1896-1906"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael Saur;Martin Silva;Hadi El Khatib;Maximilian Hepp;Wolfgang Wondrak
{"title":"Applying Deadbeat Flux Control With Optimized Pulse Patterns for Overmodulation With Low Distortion in Automotive Traction Drives","authors":"Michael Saur;Martin Silva;Hadi El Khatib;Maximilian Hepp;Wolfgang Wondrak","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2025.3532404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2025.3532404","url":null,"abstract":"The advantages of higher voltage utilization in automotive traction drives are higher maximum power and lower losses due to less flux-weakening current. Applying carrier-based overmodulation (voltage utilisation <inline-formula><tex-math>$>$</tex-math></inline-formula> 91% ), in some PWM sections pulse dropping occurs and the switching frequency decreases. Additionally, in the second overmodulation region (voltage utilisation <inline-formula><tex-math>$>$</tex-math></inline-formula> 95% ) the degree-of-freedom of the voltage vector angle is constrained. This is a considerable challenge for Current Vector Control (CVC). This research proposes deadbeat flux trajectory control (DBFC) integrating synchronous optimal pulse pattern (OPP) to maximize the voltage utilization up to 99% but mitigating the disadvantages of six-step (100% ): DC-bus and phase distortion. It is demonstrated that DBFC is one single control law enabling closed-loop control in SVPWM, synchronous OPP (<inline-formula><tex-math>$q$</tex-math></inline-formula> = 3) and six-step without any switching or transitioning between various control laws.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 2","pages":"3152-3162"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guilherme Salvador Ferreira;Victor Hugo Soares Lopes;Anderson V. Rocha;Andriamaharavo Mamianja Rakotozafy;Braz de Jesus Cardoso Filho
{"title":"Postfault Degradation Analysis of IGBT Power Devices in Medium Voltage Converters","authors":"Guilherme Salvador Ferreira;Victor Hugo Soares Lopes;Anderson V. Rocha;Andriamaharavo Mamianja Rakotozafy;Braz de Jesus Cardoso Filho","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2025.3531823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2025.3531823","url":null,"abstract":"Modular design is largely applied to Medium Voltage Converters and provides a simple way to replace a set of damaged devices after failure events, allowing a fast return to operation. Arranging the power semiconductors into converter phase modules for instance, allow the system to be taken out of operation only for the defective phase module replacement, which can be sent to the supplier for repair. However, the indication of the failed power semiconductors inside the phase module is usually only given by the gate driver and simple in-circuit tests performed with the aid of a multimeter during the downtime. In this paper, it is demonstrated that a failure occurring in one flat-pack IGBT power semiconductor of any phase can cause escalated consequences and basic tests may not be enough to spot degraded devices in other phase modules. This is performed by the modeling, simulation, and analysis of two consecutive faults in a real case application of a three-level medium voltage converter. Furthermore, post-fault offline tests are performed in flat-pack IGBT samples that apparently survived the real case fault. The results reveal a relevant parameter shift that support questioning the benefits of the modular design. The deteriorated power devices might not fail immediately, but they will have a shorter lifetime expectancy impacting the overall reliability leading to a subsequent fault of likely larger significance [G. Salvador Ferreira et al. 2023], [G. Salvador Ferreira et al. 2024].","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 2","pages":"3597-3607"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yifei Cai;Fares S. El-Faouri;Naoki Saikawa;Akira Chiba;Souichiro Yoshizaki
{"title":"Magnetostriction Effect on Vibration and Acoustic Noise in Switched Reluctance Motor","authors":"Yifei Cai;Fares S. El-Faouri;Naoki Saikawa;Akira Chiba;Souichiro Yoshizaki","doi":"10.1109/TIA.2025.3531830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2025.3531830","url":null,"abstract":"The contribution of magnetostriction to vibration and acoustic noise in switched reluctance motors is investigated through finite element analysis and experiment on two motors. One motor was constructed using the 6.5% high-silicon steel 10JNEX900 with a low magnetostriction (0.3 ppm at 1 T), whereas the other motor was made of the amorphous iron 2605SA1 with a high magnetostriction (11.0 ppm at 1 T). Finite element analyses were performed on two cases: a static excitation and a typical motor operation. In the case of the static excitation, the magnetostrictive deformation is not only significant but also counteracts the deformation caused by the electromagnetic force, reducing the total deformation. In the case of the typical motor operation, a similar counteraction effect due to magnetostriction was confirmed in mode-0 (breathing mode) vibrations in the amorphous iron motor. This counteraction effect in both mode-0 vibration and acoustic noise was also verified in the experiment. Such experimental results, which highlight the significance of magnetostriction for motor vibration and acoustic noise, have not been reported in the existing literature. The analytical and experimental findings of this study suggest that magnetostriction should be considered when assessing the vibration and acoustic noise of motors made of high-magnetostriction core materials.","PeriodicalId":13337,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications","volume":"61 2","pages":"2983-2995"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143777895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}